am lands cncl ALC

<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.701961);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.701961);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">taylor rose alt rt</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.701961);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></p><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">=</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">acctable domestic terror:</font></div><div>
</div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">sUMMARY: Utah Attorney General Sean Reyes signed on with other Republican attorneys</font></div><div>general to attempt to overturn the 2020 election and promote misinformation about voter</div><div>fraud.</div><div>Reyes is the executive director of the Republican Attorneys General Association (RAGA) and</div><div>former chairman of the RAGA-offshoot, the Rule of Law Defense Fund (RLDF). The RDLF</div><div>was one of the groups behind the January 6th rally that led to a violent insurrection, even</div><div>sending robocalls to people encouraging them to go to the Capitol building to “stop the</div><div>steal.”</div><div>Sean Reyes has allied himself with anti-government extremists well before January 6th</div><div>. <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0);">Reyes</span></div><div><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0);">has worked closely with<b> American Land Council’s Ken Ivory </b>and refused to prosecute Ivory</span></div><div><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0);">over fraud allegations.</span><b> Reyes’s office additionally worked hide documents regarding an</b></div><div><b>investigation into anti-public lands idealogue Phil Lyman who previously led an illegal ATV</b></div><div><b>on federal property in support of the Bundy militia.</b></div><div>
</div><div><b>Utah Attorney General Sean Reyes Has Routinely Aligned Himself With</b></div><div><b>Extremists In His Rise Through The Ranks Of The Republican Party,</b></div><div><b>Including By Protecting Anti-Public Land Zealots And Associating With The</b></div><div><b>Insurrection-Affiliated Republican Attorneys General Association</b>.</div><div>...</div><div>Republican National Committee Named Sean Reyes One Of Its Four “National Rising</div><div>Stars” In 2015. “After winning the election in 2014 by one of the largest margins nationwide,</div><div>Reyes was selected in 2015 by the Republican National Committee as one of its four national</div><div>rising stars.” [Utah Office Of The Attorney General, Meet Sean, accessed 07/16/21]</div><div>Sean Reyes Has Worked Closely With Anti-Public Lands Ideologues Including Ken</div><div>Ivory And Advocated For Anti-Government Zealots Cliven Bundy And Phil Lyman.</div><div>Sean Reyes’s Office Withheld Documents Investigating Phil Lyman’s Abuse Of Office.</div><div>Sean Reyes’ Office Refused To Release Documents Pertaining To An Investigation Into Phil</div><div>Lyman. “The attorney general's office delayed responding to the request, then denied it, and</div><div>refused to even explain why it had denied it. Knowing this behavior violated the law, Gehrke</div><div>then appealed to the State Records Committee. Attorney General Sean Reyes asked for a private</div><div>hearing to discuss the matter with the State Records Committee.” [Deseret Morning News,</div><div>12/16/15]</div><div>
</div><div>● <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Lyman Was Under Investigation For Giving Favorable Tax Assessments To His</span></div><div><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Accounting Business Clients.</span> “Last July, Robert Gehrke, a reporter for the Salt Lake</div><div>Tribune, sought records from the Utah attorney general's office (under an open records</div><div>request allowed by law) to determine whether an accusation by San Juan County</div><div>Assessor Howard Randall against San Juan County Commissioner Phil Lyman had been</div><div>investigated by the AG's office. The accusation was that Lyman had abused the powers</div><div>of his office by giving favorable tax assessments to his accounting business clients.”</div><div>[Deseret Morning News, 12/16/15]</div><div>
</div><div><b>Protest Leader Phil Lyman Praised Extremist Cliven Bundy, Organizing The ATV Event After</b></div><div><b>Bundy Led An Armed Militia Against The Bureau Of Land Management</b>. “He speaks of “first</div><div>principles,” praises Cliven Bundy, the Nevada rancher who illegally grazes his cattle on public</div><div>land, and he organized a May 10 ATV ride down a trail in Recapture Canyon, which is rich with</div><div>archaeological sites and closed to motorized travel, to try to assert some local say over public</div><div>lands. […] Lyman’s plans for a protest ride were made public shortly after the fracas at Bundy's</div><div>Bunkerville ranch, in which armed militia members faced down Bureau of Land Management</div><div>officers trying to round up Bundy’s cows.” [High Country News, 05/13/14]</div><div>
</div><div><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">Reyes Refused To Investigate Ken Ivory’s Alleged Fraud Related To The American Lands</span></div><div><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">Council.</span></div><div><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Sean Reyes Has Worked Closely With Ken Ivory On Public Land Management Issues. “Reyes</span></div><div><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">has worked closely with <b>U.S. Senator Mike Lee</b>, and state legislators like Keven Stratton and</span></div><div><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Ken Ivory to explore and prepare legal arguments or administrative/legislative fixes to return</span></div><div><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">management of public lands to state and local control.”</span> [Sean Reyes, Public Lands, accessed</div><div>07/16/21]</div><div>
</div><div>In 2017, Sean Reyes Refused To Prosecute Ken Ivory Over Fraud Allegations Related To</div><div>Ivory And His Nonprofit, The American Lands Council. “The Washington, D.C.-based</div><div>Campaign for Accountability asked the Utah attorney general to investigate Rep. Ken Ivory,</div><div>...</div><div>R-West Jordan. The group said Ivory improperly used his legislative email to conduct official</div><div>business for the American Lands Council. Ivory was a founder of the nonprofit and served as</div><div>the group's president until December. He dismissed the allegations as politically motivated. […]</div><div>Last year, the Campaign for Accountability accused the lawmaker of fraud in his work with the</div><div>nonprofit. Utah Attorney General Sean Reyes ultimately decided not to prosecute, after</div><div>determining Ivory wouldn't likely be convicted.” [AP, 03/16/16]</div><div>
</div><div>● As A Legislator, American Lands Council’s Founder Ken Ivory Was “Principally</div><div>Focused On Leveraging His Ability To Put Utah At The Forefront Of The Public</div><div>Lands Battle Into A Source Of Funding For His Nonprofit, The American Lands</div><div>Council, Which Is Now His Principal Means Of Personal Financial Support.”</div><div>
</div><div>“Furthermore, I think people are right to be concerned about the fact that Ivory seems to</div><div>have, for all intents and purposes, become a single issue legislator principally focused on</div><div>leveraging his ability to put Utah at the forefront of the public lands battle into a source</div><div>of funding for his nonprofit, the American Lands Council, which is now his principal</div><div>means of personal financial support. The American Lands Council is a 501(c)(4) tax</div><div>exempt nonprofit funded principally through donations by political subdivisions and</div><div>interest groups, who pay membership dues at varying levels, for the purpose of carrying</div><div>on the public lands fight. It’s principal expenses appear to be Ivory’s salary (and the</div><div>salary of a couple other employees, including, apparently, his wife) and travel expenses.</div><div>All this is distasteful.” [Utah Political Hub, 06/03/15]</div><div>
</div><div><b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 102);">The American Lands Council </span>Was Created By Ken Ivory, A Utah Legislator, To Use “Political</b></div><div><b>Persuasion, Legislation, and Litigation” To Eliminate Federal Public Lands</b>. “Ivory created the</div><div>American Lands Council, a tax-exempt nonprofit, in 2012, along with Elko, Nev., County</div><div>Commissioner Demar Dahl at a brief meeting at Salt Lake City International Airport. According</div><div>to its mission statement, the group ‘channels the cooperative efforts of state and local</div><div>governments, businesses, organizations, and individuals to secure and defend local control of</div><div>land access, land use, and land ownership through: I. Education; II. Political Persuasion; III.</div><div>Legislation (Local, State and National); IV. Litigation.’” [The Salt Lake Tribune, 05/19/14]</div><div>
</div><div><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">● The American Lands Council Gets Funding From<b> Mining And Oil And Gas Interests</b></span><b>.</b></div><div>“A prevailing thought among land transfer opponents holds that the significant financial</div><div>burden on states managing such large parcels of land would result in their sale to</div><div>private entities and a loss of public access. Membership in Ivory’s American Lands</div><div>Council – including mining construction companies, power companies and oil and gas</div><div>interests that stand to benefit from such a sale – lends support to the theory.” [Denver</div><div>Post, 02/24/15]</div><div>
</div><div><b>Sean Reyes Opposed The Bureau Of Land Management’s Auction Of Cliven Bundy’s</b></div><div><b>Cattle </b>When They Were Confiscated After Years Of Bundy Grazing His Cattle Illegally.</div><div>Sean Reyes Asked The Bureau Of Land Management To “Reconsider” Plans To Send Cattle</div><div>Seized From The Bundy Ranch To Utah For Auction. “Utah Lt. Gov. Spencer Cox got involved</div><div>in the situation Monday, traveling to Nevada with Attorney General Sean Reyes to ask the BLM</div><div>to reconsider plans to ship seized cattle from Bundy's ranch to Utah for auction.” [Deseret</div><div>Morning News, 04/10/14</div><div>
</div><div>Bundy’s Cattle Were Rounded Up By The BLM After Bundy Failed To Acquire</div><div>Grazing Permits Despite Multiple Requests And Warnings. “Bundy's cattle have been</div><div>trespassing on BLM-administered lands for at least 25 years, according to the agency.</div><div>The bureau obtained a court order in 1998 requiring the rancher to remove his livestock</div><div>from public lands. Two similar orders were issued in 2013 - one in July and one in</div><div>October. Armed with a court order, the BLM has started rounding up some of the nearly</div><div>1,000 cattle Bundy has run on public lands without the required grazing permits. The</div><div>agency says he owes at least $1 million in unpaid permit fees.” [Deseret Morning News,</div><div>04/10/14]</div><div>
</div><div><b>Immediately Following The Designation Of Bears Ears As A National</b></div><div><b>Monument, Reyes Announced Plans To Sue The Obama Administration And</b></div><div><b>Applauded Trump’s Rollback.</b></div><div>
</div><div>When Bears Ears National Monument Was Designated, Sean Reyes Sued The Obama</div><div>Administration On Behalf Of The State Of Utah</div><div>
</div><div>In 2016, Reyes Announced Plans To Sue The Obama Administration Over The</div><div>Bears Ears Monument Designation. “The Republican attorney general of Utah says he's</div><div>going to sue over President Barack Obama's designation of the Bears Ears National Monument</div><div>that spans 1.35 million acres in the state. Attorney General Sean Reyes said in a statement</div><div>Wednesday that he's working with local officials to file a lawsuit. He said Utah also will look to</div><div>work with President-elect Donald Trump to try to curtail the monument.” [AP, 12/28/16]</div><div>Sean Reyes Defended The Trump Administration Monument Reductions Of Bears Ears And</div><div>Grand Staircase Escalante In Court. “Today, Reyes is vigorously defending in federal court</div><div>President Trump’s shrinking of the Bears Ears and Grand Staircase Escalante Monuments in</div><div>Utah. This is a critical decision that affects millions of acres of public land in our state and will</div><div>set precedent for future designations.” [Sean Reyes, Public Lands, accessed 07/16/21]</div><div>
</div><div><b>Sean Reyes Supports Uranium Mining Around The Grand Canyon.</b></div><div>
</div><div>Sean Reyes Filed An Amicus Brief Supporting Efforts To Allow Uranium Mining Around</div><div>The Grand Canyon. “Arizona officials continue to support a federal court battle to allow new</div><div>uranium mining operations on a million acres surrounding the Grand Canyon. […] So Arizona,</div><div>along with several other states, joined the National Mining Association in its efforts to overturn</div><div>the federal government’s order. […] The U.S. District Court for Arizona upheld the order in</div><div>2014, and the mining association appealed. Utah Attorney General Sean Reyes filed an amicus</div><div>brief last November on behalf of Utah, Montana, Nevada and Arizona in support of the mining</div><div>association in National Mining Association v. Jewell.” [Inside Tuscan Business, 09/28/15]</div><div>Sean Reyes Perpetuated Lies About Election Fraud Leading Up To The</div><div>January 6th Insurrection.</div><div>
</div><div>Sean Reyes Was Among The Attorneys General That Attempted To Overturn The 2020 Election.</div><div>
</div><div>p 23</div><div>
</div><div>December 9, 2020: Utah Attorney General (AG) Sean Reyes Joined Texas’ Baseless Lawsuit To</div><div>Overturn Election Results In States That Trump Lost. “Amici curiae are the States of Missouri,</div><div>Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska,</div><div>North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, and West</div><div>Virginia. [...] Sean D. Reyes Attorney General STATE OF UTAH.” [Amicus Brief of Missouri et al.,</div><div>State of Texas v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania et al., 12/09/20]</div><div>
</div><div>● Gov. Herbert And Governor-Elect Cox Condemned Reyes’s Action As A Waste Of</div><div>Taxpayer Money. “Utah’s Republican governor and governor-elect condemned Attorney</div><div>General Sean Reyes’ decision Wednesday to join a court brief supporting a lawsuit in the</div><div>U.S. Supreme Court challenging election results in Pennsylvania and other states that</div><div>President Donald Trump lost. Gov. Gary Herbert and Gov.-elect Spencer Cox said in a</div><div>joint statement that Reyes, also a Republican, did not consult them before signing onto</div><div>the amicus brief, ‘so we don’t know what his motivation is.’ […] This is an unwise use of</div><div>taxpayers’ money,” Herbert and Cox said.” [Deseret News, 12/09/20]</div><div>
</div><div>Reyes Even Traveled To Nevada And Alleged Voting Irregulates, But Didn’t Provide Evidence</div><div>Sean Reyes Spent A Weekend In Nevada To Review “Alleged Voting Irregularities” In The</div><div>States Election After It Voted For Joe Biden In The 2020 Election. “After spending the</div><div>weekend in Nevada reviewing alleged voting irregularities, Utah Attorney General Sean Reyes</div><div>says there are legitimate concerns that need to be examined and possibly remedied.” [Deseret</div><div>News, 11/09/20]</div><div>
</div><div>Reyes Said He Found “Evidence.” ”‘There is evidence of voting irregularities that may have</div><div>resulted in improper votes being counted or proper votes being rejected. How many? Will they</div><div>make a difference? These are the answers we are seeking,’ he said in a prepared statement</div><div>Monday in response to a request for an interview.” [Deseret News, 11/09/20]</div><div>
</div><div>● Reyes Did Not Describe The Evidence He Allegedly Found. “Reyes’ statement did not</div><div>cite any specific incidents of alleged ballot counting abuse. Multiple national news</div><div>outlets called the presidential election for Democratic former Vice President Joe Biden on</div><div>Saturday. According to a running tabulation of votes reported Thursday morning by the</div><div>Associated Press, Biden received 77.2 million votes to Trump’s 72.1 million, and Biden</div><div>holds an Electoral College lead of 290-217.” [Deseret News, 11/12/20]</div><div>
</div><div><b>Reyes Is On The Executive Committee For The Republican Attorney Generals</b></div><div><b>Association (RAGA) And Was Recently Chairman Of The Rule Of Law Defense</b></div><div><b>Fund, Both Of Which Were Tied To Robocalls That Promoted The Rally Behind</b></div><div><b>The Capitol Riot.</b></div><div>
</div><div>Sean Reyes Is On The Executive Committee For The Republican Attorneys General</div><div>Association (RAGA). [“Executive Committee,” Republican Attorneys General Association,</div><div>accessed 01/26/20]</div><div>
</div><div>Reyes Was Also Former Chairman Of The Rule Of Law Defense Fund (RLDF), Only</div><div>Stepping Down From The Position In November 2020. “Reyes is the former chairman of the</div><div>
</div><div>RLDF, which is a 501(c)(4) nonprofit. He was replaced in November by Alabama Attorney</div><div>General Steve Marshall.” [Julie Jag, “Utah A.G. Sean Reyes denies involvement in robocalls</div><div>encouraging ‘patriots’ to attend rally at U.S. Capitol,” The Salt Lake Tribune, 01/10/21]</div><div>RLDF, An “Offshoot” Of RAGA, Was One Of The Groups Behind The Rally That Led To The</div><div>Capitol Riot. “The leader of a Republican attorneys general group sought to distance his</div><div>organization from Wednesday’s deadly assault on the U.S. Capitol by supporters of President</div><div>Donald Trump, saying staffers’ decision to be involved in a rally before the riot wasn’t</div><div>authorized. </div><div>
</div><div>The Rule of Law Defense Fund, an offshoot of the Republican Attorneys General</div><div>Association, was listed as a participant in the ‘March to Save America’ gathering in Washington</div><div>that turned into a violent raid on the Capitol after Trump and other addressed the crowd,</div><div>according to an archived web link for organizers of the event which has since been taken</div><div>down.” [Erik Larsen, “Republican AGs Deny Backing D.C. Rally That Led to Riot,” Bloomberg,</div><div>01/08/21]</div><div>
</div><div>● RAGA And RLDF Share Funding, Staff, And Office Space. “While Carr is the</div><div>chairman of RAGA, he is not directly associated with the RLDL [sic]. However, the</div><div>groups share funding, staff and office space in Washington, according to NBC News.”</div><div>
</div><div>[Adrianne M. Haney, “Georgia AG distances himself from group that sent robocalls</div><div>urging Trump supporters march to Capitol,” 11 Alive, 01/09/21]</div><div>
</div><div>The Rule Of Law Defense Fund Sent Out Robocalls Calling On People To March On The</div><div>Capitol Building To “Stop The Steal” On January 6th</div><div>
</div><div>. “The recorded message urged people to</div><div>attend a rally that turned into a deadly riot at the Capitol building in Washington, D.C., on</div><div>Wednesday. The Rule of Law Defense Fund, a policy arm of the Republican Attorneys General</div><div>Association, sent out the calls, which said, “We will march to the Capitol building and call on</div><div>Congress to stop the steal. We are hoping patriots like you will join us to continue to fight to</div><div>protect the integrity of our elections.”” [Salt Lake Tribune, 01/10/21]</div><div>● Reyes Denies Having Any Involvement In The Robocalls Or Organizing The January</div><div>6th Protests. “Utah Attorney General Sean Reyes distanced himself from robocalls sent</div><div>out by a Republican attorneys general group he recently led after a state legislator</div><div>tweeted the source of the calls was “concerning.” […] “A.G. Reyes was not involved in</div><div>organizing the rally in Washington, D.C.,” a statement from the Utah Attorney General’s</div><div>Office said.” [Salt Lake Tribune, 01/10/21]</div><div>18</div></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">=</font></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.701961);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.701961);"><a href="https://www.rawstory.com/2016/02/koch-backed-lobbying-group-is-spreading-ammon-bundys-lies-misspellings-and-all/">https://www.rawstory.com/2016/02/koch-backed-lobbying-group-is-spreading-ammon-bundys-lies-misspellings-and-all/</a></p><p style="margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> Koch-funded lobbying group is helping Ammon Bundy, the jailed Oregon militant leader, spread misleading information about federal land management agencies.</font></p><p style="margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The American Lands Council, which promotes legislation that would give states and individuals control of federally owned land, <a href="https://www.facebook.com/AmericanLandsCouncil/videos/964207073659086/" target="blank" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; opacity: 1; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.25s ease 0s; box-shadow: rgb(221, 175, 175) 0px -4px 0px inset;">posted a video</a> on Facebook accusing the Bureau of Land Management of deliberately starting fires and allowing them to burn out of control.</font></p><div class="rs_ad_block story_page_incontent_p2" style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; max-width: 728px;"><div class="teadsNative1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The ALC video was ripped off from a misleading and “heavily edited propaganda video” that Bundy produced in December, <a href="http://www.sltrib.com/news/3476561-155/rolly-videos-claim-that-blm-sparked" target="blank" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; opacity: 1; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.25s ease 0s; box-shadow: rgb(221, 175, 175) 0px -4px 0px inset;">reported columnist Paul Rolly</a>, of the <em style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Salt Lake Tribune.</em></font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Rolly said the videos were so similar that the ALC’s text repeated the same spelling errors made by Bundy, among 16 militants indicted last week in federal court in connection with the ongoing takeover of the Malheur National Wildlife Preserve.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">According to news reports and BLM investigators, the Oregon fire described in the video was actually caused by lightning, fueled by unusually dry weather and fought by firefighters from federal, state and local agencies.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>But Bundy, and then the ALC, misrepresented claims made by John Witzel, an Oregon rancher who criticized the BLM’s efforts to fight the wildfire, to claim federal agents were intentionally “burning out ranchers.”</b></font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The columnist said research by an Oregon horse breeder showed firefighters had intentionally set smaller fires to starve the raging wildfire of fuel.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“What you see in the video are firefighting efforts — including the use of backfiring, which involves intentionally burning land ahead of a wildfire in order to create a black line devoid of fuel for the wildfire — not thuggery by the yellow-clad stormtroopers of the tyrannical BLM,” said Michael Heggen, the horse breeder.</font></p><div class="rs_ad_block story_page_incontent_p6" style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; max-width: 728px;"><p style="margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The 40-year-old Bundy remains jailed — but he’s still trying to direct an uprising against the federal government.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Bundy released a statement recorded Saturday asking lawmakers in eight states to visit him and other jailed militants as a show of support, <a href="http://www.oregonlive.com/oregon-standoff/2016/02/ammon_bundy_issues_new_stateme.html" target="blank" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; opacity: 1; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.25s ease 0s; box-shadow: rgb(221, 175, 175) 0px -4px 0px inset;">reported <em style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The Oregonian</em></a>.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">“This is a call to action for any elected representative in Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, the state of Washington and Ohio,” Bundy said. “You have constituents in federal custody. Please visit and contact them to voice your support for free speech, the right to assemble and civil disobedience.”</font></p><div class="rs_ad_block story_page_incontent_p10" style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; max-width: 728px;"><div id="incontentp10_ll_target" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Four militants remain holed up at the wildlife refuge nearly two weeks after Bundy and other occupation leaders were arrested during a surprise traffic stop on their way to meet with residents of another Oregon county.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">One of the most prominent militants, LaVoy Finicum, was shot and killed by officers after attempting to drive around a roadblock.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Possibly dozens of militants fled in the hours after the arrests and killing, but the four holdouts say they won’t leave until they’re killed.</font></p><div class="rs_ad_block story_page_incontent_p14" style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; max-width: 728px;"><div id="incontentp14_ll_target" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">One of the holdouts, 27-year-old David Fry, released a series of videos Sunday taunting federal authorities as “low-life scumbags” and asking like-minded “patriots” to engage in violence against their political enemies.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">“They don’t believe in guns, so we don’t have to worry about them,” Fry said in one video. “They don’t have guns, they’re stupid.”</font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Fry expressed what appears to be anger at liberal critics and state governments that removed Confederate memorials and flags.</font></p><div class="rs_ad_block story_page_incontent_p18" style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; max-width: 728px;"><div id="incontentp18_ll_target" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“So instead of letting these guys verbally abuse us, you know — going down and trashing down memorials, you know, things like that, it’s time to take a stand, it’s time to fight, it’s time to show these scumbags who’s really in charge of the country,” Fry said.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Bundy has called for Fry and the other three holdouts to go home, but they resisted an attempt by militia groups who offered to help them leave the wildlife refuge without being arrested.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The jailed Bundy portrayed himself as a political prisoner, and he asked lawmakers to show support and press for his release.</font></p><div class="rs_ad_block story_page_incontent_p22" style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; max-width: 728px;"><div id="incontentp22_ll_target" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“It is your duty to hold federal agencies at bay, protecting the people in your state,” Bundy said. “And to those who disagree with my speech, or our civil disobedience, and may dislike our ideas regarding that the land belongs to the people: Please remember that you do not want free speech to be retaliated against by government officials. If you do not advocate for government to tolerate ideas that it hates, then the First Amendment and free speech mean nothing.”</font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“Arm yourself with ideas,” he added. “Arm yourselves with education. Argue and disagree. Be free. Thank you.”</font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The militants were <a href="https://www.rawstory.com/2016/01/gop-lawmakers-meet-with-oregon-militants-against-the-advice-of-law-enforcement-officials/" target="blank" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; opacity: 1; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.25s ease 0s; box-shadow: rgb(221, 175, 175) 0px -4px 0px inset;">visited during their occupation</a> last month by at least six Republican lawmakers, and another longtime ally called to express her support.</font></p><div class="rs_ad_block story_page_incontent_p26" style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; max-width: 728px;"><div id="incontentp26_ll_target" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Utah State Rep. Ken Ivory (R-West Jordan) was not among the visitors, but he founded the ALC and <a href="https://www.rawstory.com/2015/06/utah-republican-pockets-tax-money-with-bogus-plan-to-liberate-public-land-from-the-feds-watchdog/" target="blank" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; opacity: 1; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.25s ease 0s; box-shadow: rgb(221, 175, 175) 0px -4px 0px inset;">successfully urged lawmakers</a> in his state to pass the 2012 Transfer of Public Lands Act.</b></font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">That law, which is promoted by the conservative American Legislative Exchange Council and Koch-backed American for Prosperity, demands the federal government hand over 30 million acres to Utah by the end of last year, and the state is now spending $2 million to convince the U.S. Congress to comply.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Critics say the law, passed before the 2014 standoff last year between scofflaw rancher Cliven Bundy and the BLM, allows mining and timber companies to extract resources without following federal regulations.</font></p><div class="rs_ad_block story_page_incontent_p30" style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; max-width: 728px;"><div id="incontentp30_ll_target" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Ivory was <a href="http://www.sltrib.com/home/3387485-155/ken-ivory-was-cleared-in-fraud" target="blank" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; opacity: 1; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.25s ease 0s; box-shadow: rgb(221, 175, 175) 0px -4px 0px inset;">cleared last year</a> in a fraud investigation overseen by Utah’s attorney general, Sean Reyes — <a href="http://utahpoliticalcapitol.com/2014/07/03/dark-money-rules-in-reyes-ag-run/" target="blank" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; opacity: 1; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.25s ease 0s; box-shadow: rgb(221, 175, 175) 0px -4px 0px inset;">another Koch ally</a>.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">An ethics watchdog complained that Ivory was selling “snake oil” by signing up county commissioners and conservative groups as dues-paying ALC members but keeping nearly half of those funds for himself and his wife.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The attorney general’s office closed the case in September after determining that contributors did not feel they’d been cheated and were satisfied with ALC’s work.</font></p><div class="rs_ad_block story_page_incontent_p34" style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; max-width: 728px;"><div id="incontentp34_ll_target" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ivory is now <a href="http://www.sltrib.com/news/3495055-155/utahs-ken-ivory-recruiting-leaders-to" target="blank" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; opacity: 1; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.25s ease 0s; box-shadow: rgb(221, 175, 175) 0px -4px 0px inset;">leaving ALC</a> to work for <b>Federalism in Action — another Koch-funded group that seeks the end of federal ownership of public lands</b>.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The Utah Republican will be succeeded as ALC president by Montana state Sen. Jennifer Fielder (R-Thompson Falls) — <a href="https://www.rawstory.com/2015/02/montana-republicans-are-trying-to-build-a-right-wing-paradise-for-their-koch-overlords/" target="blank" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; opacity: 1; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.25s ease 0s; box-shadow: rgb(221, 175, 175) 0px -4px 0px inset;">yet another Koch ally</a> who has proposed several bills sought by conservative advocacy groups to loosen federal control of land management.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px 76px 20px 70px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Watch this video <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CNIG7gJdTPY" target="blank" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; opacity: 1; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.25s ease 0s; box-shadow: rgb(221, 175, 175) 0px -4px 0px inset;">posted online</a> by David Fry:</font></span></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;" droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" rem="rem" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizeLegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The standoff at the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge is over.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;" droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" rem="rem" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizeLegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">After talking to authorities for more than an hour about his views on America — and reportedly threatening suicide — David Fry, the last holdout at the armed occupation, smoked a cigarette and then calmly surrendered himself to police on Thursday afternoon. After 41 days, the standoff had come to an end.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;" droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" rem="rem" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizeLegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">But as reporters pack up and locals try to get back to normal, questions remain. Is this just be beginning of a larger rebellion against the federal government? And would such a rebellion have any powerful backers? To that last question, we may have an answer: the Koch brothers.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;" droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" rem="rem" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizeLegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2016/02/11/3748602/koch-brothers-funding-bundy-agenda/" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: inherit; text-decoration: none; background-color: transparent;">ThinkProgress reports</a>:</font></p><blockquote style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0.5625rem 1.25rem 0px 1.1875rem; border-left: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); line-height: 1.6;" droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" rem="rem" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The political network of the conservative billionaires Charles and David Koch signaled last week that it is expanding its financial and organizational support for a coalition of anti-government activists and militants who are working to seize and sell America’s national forests, monuments, and other public lands. …</font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Though ClimateProgress has previously <a href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2015/07/03/3676816/happy-fourth-no-more-national-parks/" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: inherit; text-decoration: none; background-color: transparent;">uncovered</a> and <a href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2013/03/11/1698221/state-efforts-to-reclaim-our-public-lands-traced-to-alec/" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: inherit; text-decoration: none; background-color: transparent;">reported</a> on the <a href="http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2016/01/ken-ivory-federal-land-bundy" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: inherit; text-decoration: none; background-color: transparent;">dark money</a> that the Kochs have provided for political efforts to seize and sell public lands, recent organizational changes reveal that the Koch network is providing direct support to the ringleader of the land grab movement, Utah state representative Ken Ivory, and has forged an alliance with groups and individuals who have militia ties and share extreme anti-government ideologies.</font></p></blockquote><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;" droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" rem="rem" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizeLegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><b>Ken Ivory,</b> an advocate for states’ rights, has long argued that federal lands — including national forests — should be transferred to state control. In 2012, Ivory, a Republican, sponsored the Utah Transfer of Public Lands Act, which called on the federal government to give all federal land within Utah — which amounts to 65 percent of the land in the state — to the state government. Ivory has also spent much of his time in office championing the <a href="http://www.americanlandscouncil.org/" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: inherit; text-decoration: none; background-color: transparent;">American Lands Council</a>, a nonprofit he founded to support the state takeover of public lands — and, apparently, to support himself:</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> Last year, a <a href="http://www.sltrib.com/home/2575779-155/snake-oil-salesman-rep-ken-ivory" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: inherit; text-decoration: none;">watchdog group filed formal complaints</a> in three states alleging that Ivory used taxpayer money fraudulently.</span></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;" droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" rem="rem" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizeLegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“It’s not simply a question of Rep. Ivory speaking his mind about what he thinks should happen,” <a href="http://campaignforaccountability.org/utah-snake-oil-salesman-rep-ken-ivory-accused-of-fraud-for-hitting-up-counties-in-three-states-for-public-lands-fight-donations/" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: inherit; text-decoration: none; background-color: transparent;">said</a> Anne Weismann, executive director of the Campaign for Accountability. “He is soliciting on the promise that if you give us money, we can get public land returned to your state. More than half of the money they raise goes to him and his wife.”</font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;" droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" rem="rem" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizeLegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">In early February, it was announced that Ivory would be stepping down as head of the </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">American Lands Council and joining the South Carolina–based group <a href="http://www.federalisminaction.com/#sthash.V1zHDuGK.dpbs" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: inherit; text-decoration: none;">Federalism in Action</a> — specifically, its “Free the Lands” project, a collaboration between the American Lands Council Foundation and Federalism in Action. And that’s where the Koch money comes in: Federalism in Action is a member of the State Policy Network,</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> a Koch brother–funded network of more than 50 right-wing think tanks and libertarian groups focusing on state policy.</span></font></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;" droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" rem="rem" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizeLegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span class="s1" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Despite the fact that the push to transfer federal lands to state control is a fringe movement, deeply unpopular with most Americans</span> — including those in Western states — Koch money could make it move to the mainstream as politicians court their vast donations. </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">As ThinkProgress points out, last week, Ted Cruz <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EzjE2OrM5MI&feature=youtu.be" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: inherit; text-decoration: none;">promised to be</a> “vigorously committed to transferring as much federal land as humanly possible back to the states.” In other words, Cruz wants that Koch money — no matter the consequences for those lands, the national interest, or the rest of us.</span></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;" droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" rem="rem" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizeLegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Malheur may be over, but the fight over public lands looks to be heating up.</font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;" droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" rem="rem" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizeLegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">grist</font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="line-height: 30px;">he organization leading the charge for Western states to take over federal lands has a new leader. Montana State Sen. Jennifer Fielder is stepping up as CEO of the American Lands Council, while founding president and Utah State Rep. Ken Ivory is moving on to become director of the “Free The Lands” Project with Federalism In Action. The latter is a nonprofit policy group that supports states’ rights and public-lands transfers to states or local communities. The shift comes as the ALC and the public-lands transfer agenda have faced growth and criticism, and as militant fellow travelers gain notoriety for the movement.</span></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="line-height: 30px;">
</span></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="line-height: 30px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Ivory cofounded the ALC in 2012 to push for the transfer or seizure of national forests and rangelands to states or local governments. Since then, Ivory has rallied Sagebrush Rebels and anti-government supporters and shepherded a West-wide public-lands crusade that has gained traction from county commission offices to state legislatures. Fielder, already a frequent speaker on behalf of the ALC, moves into her position with her own connections to right-wing extremists.</span></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="line-height: 30px;">
</span></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="line-height: 30px;">A businesswoman who specialized in outdoor recreation planning and community projects, Fielder was elected as a state senator in 2012, representing Thompson Falls and surrounding counties in Northwestern Montana. She quickly emerged as a leading voice for the ALC and the public-lands takeover movement in Montana. In 2013, she successfully introduced a resolution authorizing a legislative working group, which she then chaired, to carry out a survey of federal land management in the state. Critics said the group’s 2014 final report had “a hidden agenda” promoting transferring federal lands to the state. A 2015 bill she backed to create a public-lands transfer task force made it through the state legislature, despite opposition from conservation and sportsmen’s groups, but was vetoed by Governor Steve Bullock, D.</span></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="line-height: 30px;">
</span></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="line-height: 30px;">“It won’t be a whole lot different than what I’ve been doing, educating people and trying to keep moving in a positive direction,” Fielder told the Helena Independent Record, of her new position. “I believe (federal lands transfer) is the right thing for Montana and that’s the whole reason I support local decision making. But I realize that to help Montana you have to get other states to see the plight.”</span></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="line-height: 30px;">Montana State Sen. Jennifer Fielder, the new CEO of the American Lands Council.</span></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="line-height: 30px;">Thom Bridge/Independent Record</span></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="line-height: 30px;">Fielder is vice chair of the Montana Republican Party and has served as a board member of the Sanders Natural Resources Council, a county natural resources advisory committee that has backed county “coordination” and local authority over federal lands. John Trochmann, founder of the anti-government Militia of Montana, which has ties to white-supremacist groups, started the council in 2006, according to a 2012 Montana Human Rights Network report. <b>Fielder also has connections with the Oath Keepers, a constitutionalist militia group.</b></span></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="line-height: 30px;">The transition comes after the ALC — and Fielder — have weathered ethics complaints in several states, suggesting the group was illegally lobbying, in the past year. In Montana, an aide for Fielder resigned after it was disclosed he was also working as a lobbyist for the ALC, a potential violation of state legislative rules. This January, a report revealed that <b>Ivory made $135,000 as president of the ALC in 2014</b>, accounting for half of the group’s revenue, which comes through memberships to counties, businesses and individuals. Fielder said her CEO position is “voluntary and unpaid.”</span></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="line-height: 30px;">During the recent standoff at the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge in Oregon, Fielder penned an op-ed, supporting the protesting militants’ cause and the Oregon ranchers whose prison sentences set off the occupation, while bashing federal land management and promoting the ALC. “But rather than take up arms in what could become a deadly outcome,” she wrote, “there is a better way to increase the local people’s voice in how our public lands are managed. Over 1,000 elected officials already support transferring federally controlled public lands to willing state or local governments, as do several presidential candidates. Support is growing as more and more people learn the facts about this issue.”</span></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="line-height: 30px;">
</span></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="line-height: 30px;">“Good luck to Sen. Fielder with her working for any organization she wants to,” Montana Wildlife Federation Executive Director Dave Chadwick also told the Helena Independent Record, “but I certainly don’t think it reflects any growing Montana support for the cost of transferring federal lands.”</span></font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.701961);" /><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="line-height: 30px;">Joshua Zaffos is an HCN correspondent based in Fort Collins, Colorado. Follow him @jzaffos.</span></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="line-height: 30px;">https://thinkprogress.org/state-efforts-to-reclaim-our-public-lands-traced-to-koch-fueled-alec-24e01d7b9f50#.wjr8wszg7</span></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="line-height: 30px;"><b>State Efforts To ‘Reclaim’ Our Public Lands Traced To Koch-Fueled ALEC</b></span></font></p><main role="main" class="postArticle-content js-postField js-notesSource" data-scroll="native" style="position: relative; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; word-break: break-word; word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 25.2px;"><section name="380a" class=" section--body section--first section--last" style="padding-bottom: 5px; position: relative; clear: both; padding-top: 0px; margin-top: 20px;"><div class="section-content"><div class="section-inner layoutSingleColumn" style="width: 700px; margin: 0px auto; position: relative;"><p name="ffa6" id="ffa6" class="graf--p graf-after--figure" style="text-align: left; margin: 38px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><em class="markup--em markup--p-em" style="font-feature-settings: 'liga' 1, 'salt' 1;">By Jessica Goad and Tom Kenworthy via </em><a href="http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/green/report/2013/03/11/56103/state-efforts-to-reclaim-our-public-lands/" data-href="http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/green/report/2013/03/11/56103/state-efforts-to-reclaim-our-public-lands/" class="markup--anchor markup--p-anchor" style="text-decoration: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.439216); background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 50%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) 50%); background-color: transparent; background-size: 2px 0.1em; background-position: 0px 1.05em; background-repeat: repeat-x;"><em class="markup--em markup--p-em" style="font-feature-settings: 'liga' 1, 'salt' 1;">CAP</em></a></font></p><p name="9fbf" id="9fbf" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Despite the many problems that states and municipalities face today — from budget shortfalls to unemployment — seven western states have decided to embark on unconstitutional and quixotic battles attempting to force the federal government to turn millions of acres of public lands over to the states. Doing so, however, would result in the eventual exploitation for private profits of these beautiful parks, refuges, forests, and other lands because the leaders driving such efforts would prefer to see quick economic gains from resource extraction rather than prioritizing these areas’ more sustainable economic uses such as recreation.</font></p><p name="2467" id="2467" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Rather than being managed so that all Americans can enjoy them, turning our public lands over to states would result in their management on the whims of governors and state legislatures, who in the West are often quite conservative and tend to ideologically favor limited regulation and private profits. According to one state lands commissioner, these bills would be “catastrophic” to the public lands that Americans know and love.</font></p><p name="fa34" id="fa34" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Clashes between states and the federal government over their respective authorities have long been a regular feature of our politics, especially when it comes to issues regarding control over federal public lands in the West. <b>More than 700 million acres of federal public lands, including national parks, national forests, and national monuments, belong to all Americans, and are tremendous economic generators — the Department of the Interior stimulated $385 billion in economic development and more than 2 million jobs in 2011 alone.</b> At times, conflicts over ownership of the federally managed parks, forests, refuges, and other properties have grown into a regional cause in the West, as they did during the “Sagebrush <b>Rebellion,” a political movement demanding the turnover of federal lands to the states that arose in the 1970s but eventually fizzled out in the late 1980s.</b></font></p><p name="0aca" id="0aca" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>We are now seeing yet another iteration of that hardy but misguided western impulse. These state legislative efforts are nothing more than corporate-backed messaging tools that can be traced to conservative front groups such as the American Legislative Exchange Council, or ALEC, and Americans for Prosperity, as we discuss further below</b>. The proposals run directly contrary to abundant evidence that Americans and westerners support federal management of their public lands and value the economic benefits those lands provide, especially when they are protected from mining and drilling and are used instead for recreation and other more sustainable purposes.</font></p><p name="dd34" id="dd34" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In the past year, legislatures in seven western states — Utah, Arizona, Wyoming, New Mexico, Colorado, Nevada, and Idaho — have passed, introduced, or explored legislation demanding that the federal government turn over millions of acres of federal public lands to the states. If successful, these bills could be disastrous: Rather than being managed for the benefit and use of the American public, these lands will instead be managed in whatever way each state wants to use them — which generally means<b> maximizing private profits through mining, drilling, and other resource extraction.</b></font></p><figure name="474f" id="474f" class="graf--figure graf--layoutOutsetLeft graf-after--p" style="margin: 43px 30px 0px -160px; position: relative; clear: both; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px; width: 525px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="aspectRatioPlaceholder is-locked" style="position: relative; width: 310px; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 310px; max-height: 227px;"><div class="aspectRatioPlaceholder-fill" style="padding-bottom: 226.906px;"><div class="progressiveMedia js-progressiveMedia graf-image is-canvasLoaded is-imageLoaded" data-image-id="0oGLmFraSUa-RXkEz.png" data-width="310" data-height="227" data-external-src="http://d35brb9zkkbdsd.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/GoadStates_table1.png" data-scroll="native" style="position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; width: 310px; height: 226.906px; margin: auto; box-sizing: border-box; transition: background 0.2s; max-width: 100%; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><canvas class="progressiveMedia-canvas js-progressiveMedia-canvas" width="75" height="52" style="display: block; vertical-align: baseline; position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; width: 310px; height: 226.906px; margin: auto; box-sizing: border-box; visibility: hidden; opacity: 0; backface-visibility: hidden; transition: visibility 0s linear 0.5s, opacity 0.1s 0.4s;"><img class="progressiveMedia-image js-progressiveMedia-image" data-src="https://d262ilb51hltx0.cloudfront.net/max/600/0oGLmFraSUa-RXkEz.png" src="https://d262ilb51hltx0.cloudfront.net/max/600/0oGLmFraSUa-RXkEz.png" style="border: 0px; display: block; position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; width: 310px; height: 226.906px; margin: auto; box-sizing: border-box; z-index: 100; visibility: visible; opacity: 1; backface-visibility: hidden; transition: visibility 0s linear 0s, opacity 0.4s 0s;" /></canvas></div></div></div></figure><p name="7acd" id="7acd" class="graf--p graf-after--figure" style="text-align: left; margin: 38px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">These lawmakers are waging a losing battle that amounts to little more than political grandstanding to rally their extreme conservative base and feed an antigovernment narrative. Such bills contradict the majority of public opinion in these states, as well as economic realities and constitutional precedent dating back to the mid-19th century.</font></p><p name="e5b3" id="e5b3" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">ALEC and Americans for Prosperity have been fanning the fire under these efforts to “reclaim” federal public lands. ALEC is a conservative corporate front group funded by fossil-fuel interests such as the Koch brothers and ExxonMobil that develops model legislation for state legislators to introduce in their legislatures, and it has endorsed many of the bills turning public lands over to the states. As the Associated Press reported, “Lawmakers in Utah and Arizona have said the legislation is endorsed by the American Legislative Exchange Council, a group that advocates conservative ideals, and they expect it to eventually be introduced in other Western states.”</font></p><p name="0d21" id="0d21" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">That should come as little surprise, considering that one of ALEC’s “model bills” — those that it drafts and develops to shop to various state legislators — is the “Sagebrush Rebellion Act,” which was “designed to establish a mechanism for the transfer of ownership of” non-state lands “from the federal government to the states.”</font></p><p name="a2f2" id="a2f2" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Further evidence that ALEC is the puppet master behind these performances: Utah State Rep. Ken Ivory (R), who is leading the charge for states to “take back” public lands through his “American Lands Council,”</b> has been presenting the idea of turning federal land over to the states at ALEC conferences such as the one in Salt Lake City last summer. Additionally, Rep. Ivory has been promoting this idea to various state legislatures — he spoke, for example, with Wyoming’s Joint Minerals, Business and Economic Development Interim Committee in October 2012.</font></p><p name="3398" id="3398" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Proponents of these bills claim that the states do not receive tax revenue from federal lands and argue that the proceeds from turning the land over to the states to then be further developed can help fund essential state services such as education. They also argue that the federal government promised to turn public lands over to the states at the establishment of their statehoods more than 100 years ago.</font></p><p name="e824" id="e824" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">This issue brief provides an overview of each state’s attempt to force the turnover of public lands, and then describes why this is not only bad policy that is not in accordance with what westerners actually believe, but is also unconstitutional based on numerous Supreme Court decisions.</font></p><p name="a5a9" id="a5a9" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span class="markup--strong markup--p-strong" style="font-weight: 700;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">State efforts to ‘reclaim’ public lands</font></span></p><p name="a47b" id="a47b" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In this section, we provide an overview of each of the bills in seven western states and detail where they are in the legislative process.</font></p><p name="7c6d" id="7c6d" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span class="markup--strong markup--p-strong" style="font-weight: 700;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Utah</font></span></p><p name="7216" id="7216" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The Outdoor Industry Association, the trade organization for outdoor recreation companies, notes that the outdoor economy — in part based on protected public lands — stimulates $12 billion in consumer spending and more than 122,000 jobs for Utah every year. This extraordinary economic resource will be threatened if the state succeeds in its attempt to take over public lands and instead use them for resource extraction.</font></p><p name="2baf" id="2baf" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Despite this, Utah has been leading the charge when it comes to state attempts to reclaim public lands</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">. Rep. Ivory sponsored the Transfer of Public Lands Act and Related Study, a bill that passed both the state House and Senate and was signed into law by Gov. Gary Herbert (R) in March 2012. The bill established a deadline of December 31, 2014, for the federal government to turn over Utah’s nearly 20 million acres of public lands to the state, or it will sue.</span></font></p><p name="be95" id="be95" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large" letter-spacing="letter-spacing" em="em">Utah’s Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel noted that the case law with regard to public lands going back to the 1870s gives the bill “a high probability of being declared unconstitutional.” And the Salt Lake Tribune has called Utah’s effort “tilting at windmills.”</span></div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /><div style="text-align: left;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.003em;">Despite this, the Utah state legislature has already appropriated nearly $3 million to cover expected state legal expenses and has set up the Utah Land Commission to oversee the process of returning the lands to the state.</span></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div><p name="ae09" id="ae09" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">While the bill exempts Native American lands, national parks, and military installations, it still could have a major impact on some of Utah’s most special places. One Utah publication, for example, notes that “While [Ivory] doesn’t say this will happen, it is possible that the huge coal fields now off limits because of the Grand Staircase Escalante National Monument in southern Utah could be developed by the new state land commission.”</font></p><p name="b8ba" id="b8ba" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span class="markup--strong markup--p-strong" style="font-weight: 700;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Arizona</font></span></p><p name="6bcd" id="6bcd" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The outdoor recreation economy in Arizona creates $10.6 billion in consumer spending and supports nearly 104,000 jobs in the state. Yet State Sen. Al Melvin (R) introduced S.B. 1332 in the spring of 2012 requiring Congress to turn over 25 million acres of public lands to the state by the end of 2014, or it would sue.<b> Similar to the legislation in Utah, the Arizona bill would have exempted Indian reservations, national parks, and military lands.</b></font></p><p name="92e8" id="92e8" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Arizona Gov. Jan Brewer (R), however, vetoed the bill in May 2012, surprising many observers due to her conservative background. She justified her veto by saying she was “concerned about the lack of certainty</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> this legislation could create for individuals holding existing leases on federal lands. Given the difficult economic times, I do not believe this is the time to add to that uncertainty.”</span></font></p><p name="ad58" id="ad58" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Arizona voters also took to the polls to fight against a ballot initiative that similarly would have turned public lands over to the state. Proposition 120, supported by state Republican legislators, would have amended the state’s constitution to “declare Arizona’s sovereignty and jurisdiction over the ‘air, water, public lands, minerals, wildlife and other natural resources within the state’s boundaries.’” This measure would have included turning the Grand Canyon over to the state, but the ballot measure was defeated 68 percent to 32 percent.</font></p><p name="b439" id="b439" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span class="markup--strong markup--p-strong" style="font-weight: 700;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Wyoming</font></span></p><p name="7c9c" id="7c9c" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Although the Outdoor Industry Association released data noting that the outdoor economy creates $4.5 billion in consumer spending and 50,000 direct jobs in Wyoming, State Rep. David Miller (R) introduced a bill in early February 2013 demanding state ownership of public lands. The bill — H.B. 0228, known as the Transfer of Federal Lands Study — would require the state attorney general to study “possible legal recourses available to compel the federal government to relinquish ownership and management of specified federal lands in Wyoming,” and would establish a task force focused on the land transfer. The bill passed both houses of the state legislature earlier this year and now awaits the governor’s signature.</font></p><p name="649d" id="649d" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Rep. Miller is also the CEO of a uranium mining company</b> and told WyoFile, a local news outlet, that he got the idea for his bill in Wyoming from Utah Rep. Ivory’s presentation at last summer’s ALEC conference in Salt Lake City.</font></p><p name="4bbe" id="4bbe" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Notably, however, the Wyoming attorney general’s office wrote an opinion stating that Utah’s federal land transfer laws relied on “a repeatedly rejected reading of the United States Constitution and a strained interpretation of Utah’s statehood act.”</font></p><p name="9b52" id="9b52" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span class="markup--strong markup--p-strong" style="font-weight: 700;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">New Mexico</font></span></p><p name="3e12" id="3e12" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The state of New Mexico sees $6.1 billion in consumer spending stimulated by the outdoor recreation industry, as well as more than 68,000 jobs every year. Nevertheless, New Mexico State Rep. Yvette Herrell (R) and State Sen. Richard Martinez (D) introduced the Transfer of Public Land Act in early 2013, calling on the federal government to turn 23 million acres of New Mexico’s public lands over to the state by the end of 2015. It also would create a public lands transfer task force to study the process of taking ownership of these federal lands.</font></p><p name="c277" id="c277" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Jumping into this fray is the Koch-backed conservative group Americans for Prosperity, which called the bill “an exciting change” and urged its members to call the state legislature to express support</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">. On the other hand, the state’s lands commissioner stated that the bill would be “catastrophic,” and noted that a fiscal impact analysis shows that if public lands were transferred to the state, the office would “need 2,000 more employees and an additional $218 million to administer the land at the same level as the federal government.”</span></font></p><p name="2a35" id="2a35" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The bill is currently in the legislative process, and it is unclear what New Mexico Gov. Susana Martinez’s (R) position is on it.</font></p><p name="d646" id="d646" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span class="markup--strong markup--p-strong" style="font-weight: 700;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Colorado</font></span></p><p name="41b0" id="41b0" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Colorado is a hotspot for the outdoor recreation economy, which stimulates $13.2 billion in consumer spending and nearly 125,000 direct jobs to the state. But a handful of members in the Colorado state legislature are attempting to revive a failed attempt of last year’s legislative session by introducing a bill — known as S.B. 13–142 — which would require the federal government to turn over all “agricultural lands” to the state. The law’s broad definition of agricultural lands certainly includes the more than 14 million acres of national forests in the state and likely includes its Bureau of Land Management lands.</font></p><p name="9493" id="9493" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large" letter-spacing="letter-spacing" em="em">State Rep. Jerry Sonnenberg (R) and State Sen. Scott Renfroe (R) introduced the bill in late January 2013, requiring the federal government to turn these lands over to the state by December 31, 2014. The bill, however, failed in committee in early February.</span></div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /><div style="text-align: left;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.003em;">A similar bill failed in last year’s legislative session after much criticism from public and statewide opinion leaders. As a Denver Post columnist put it at the time, “We are all hoping this goes away very quickly.”</span></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div><p name="1b3d" id="1b3d" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span class="markup--strong markup--p-strong" style="font-weight: 700;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Nevada</font></span></p><p name="44a9" id="44a9" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Nevada sees $14.9 billion created by the outdoor recreation industry every year, as well as 148,000 direct jobs. And yet Nevada Assemblyman John Ellison (R) and State Sen. Pete Goicoechea (R) are drafting a bill for the 2013 legislative session that would create a committee “to help broker the transfer of federal land to the state,” according to the Elko Daily Free Press. Legislation is still being drafted as of late February.</font></p><p name="77ae" id="77ae" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Specifically modeled after the Utah bill, the Nevada bill would create a Nevada Land Management Implementation Committee appointed by county commissioners, which would conduct a study anticipating the effects that a land transfer would have on the state “in contemplation of Congress turning over the management and control of those public lands to the State of Nevada on or before June 30, 2015.”</font></p><p name="13a8" id="13a8" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span class="markup--strong markup--p-strong" style="font-weight: 700;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Idaho</font></span></p><p name="3caf" id="3caf" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The outdoor recreation economy creates $6.3 billion in consumer spending in Idaho per year, as well as 77,000 direct jobs. While the Idaho legislature has not yet officially considered a bill to turn some or all of the state’s 33 million acres of public lands over to the state, discussions and preparations to do so are in the works. State Rep. Lawerence Denney (R), chairman of the state’s Resources and Conservation Committee, has expressed interest in introducing such a bill. Utah Rep. Ivory addressed a joint meeting of the state’s House Resources and Conservation Committee and Senate Resources and Environment Committee in late January 2013, lauding the Utah bill and its merits.</font></p><p name="f299" id="f299" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The idea of selling off public lands has not, however, seen political success in Idaho. The Associated Press reports that in the state’s 2006 gubernatorial race, now-Gov. Butch Otter (R) was forced to withdraw his support for federal legislation that would sell off public lands in the West to offset costs of Hurricane Katrina — only after “getting bruised by his political challengers and voters irritated by the possibility of losing some of Idaho’s prized backcountry.”</font></p><p name="6add" id="6add" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span class="markup--strong markup--p-strong" style="font-weight: 700;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">State efforts are seriously misguided</font></span></p><p name="9bb4" id="9bb4" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">This section outlines the three main reasons why state attempts to “take back” public lands are misguided: People in these states do not believe there is a problem; the economic arguments don’t pan out; and the efforts are unconstitutional.</font></p><p name="3cbe" id="3cbe" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span class="markup--strong markup--p-strong" style="font-weight: 700;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">People in these states don’t think there is a problem</font></span></p><p name="387a" id="387a" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Central to the intent behind and promotion of these bills is the notion that people living in these seven states are upset about the job that the federal government is doing when it comes to managing public lands, and that there is too much public land preventing resource development. But conservative ideologues are wrong in this regard, which is indicated in the data below.</font></p><p name="b122" id="b122" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">A recent poll from Colorado College’s State of the Rockies Project, for example, asked western voters whether they think having “too much public land” is a problem. Here are the answers — either that it is a “serious” problem or that it isn’t a problem — by state:</font></p><figure name="7825" id="7825" class="graf--figure graf--layoutOutsetLeft graf-after--p" style="margin: 43px 30px 0px -160px; position: relative; clear: both; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px; width: 525px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="aspectRatioPlaceholder is-locked" style="position: relative; width: 300px; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 300px; max-height: 219px;"><div class="aspectRatioPlaceholder-fill" style="padding-bottom: 219px;"><div class="progressiveMedia js-progressiveMedia graf-image is-canvasLoaded is-imageLoaded" data-image-id="0TqZ1ad5CbTODuZ8x.png" data-width="300" data-height="219" data-external-src="http://d35brb9zkkbdsd.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/GoadStates_table1-300x219.png" data-scroll="native" style="position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; width: 300px; height: 219px; margin: auto; box-sizing: border-box; transition: background 0.2s; max-width: 100%; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><canvas class="progressiveMedia-canvas js-progressiveMedia-canvas" width="75" height="52" style="display: block; vertical-align: baseline; position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; width: 300px; height: 219px; margin: auto; box-sizing: border-box; visibility: hidden; opacity: 0; backface-visibility: hidden; transition: visibility 0s linear 0.5s, opacity 0.1s 0.4s;"><img class="progressiveMedia-image js-progressiveMedia-image" data-src="https://d262ilb51hltx0.cloudfront.net/max/600/0TqZ1ad5CbTODuZ8x.png" src="https://d262ilb51hltx0.cloudfront.net/max/600/0TqZ1ad5CbTODuZ8x.png" style="border: 0px; display: block; position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; width: 300px; height: 219px; margin: auto; box-sizing: border-box; z-index: 100; visibility: visible; opacity: 1; backface-visibility: hidden; transition: visibility 0s linear 0s, opacity 0.4s 0s;" /></canvas></div></div></div></figure><p name="eea0" id="eea0" class="graf--p graf-after--figure" style="text-align: left; margin: 38px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">While this poll did not cover Idaho and Nevada, recent polls in those states show similar sentiments. A poll in Idaho, for instance, determined that 73 percent of Idahoans agree that “One of the things our federal government does well is protect and preserve our national heritage through the management of forests, national parks and other public lands.” And in Nevada, two-thirds of small-business owners believe that allowing private companies to develop public lands “would limit the public’s enjoyment of them.”</font></p><p name="b03b" id="b03b" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Despite what conservatives want to think, the western public understands that there is a role for the federal government in managing public lands and doesn’t want to see the land turned over to states or private interests.</font></p><p name="1d00" id="1d00" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span class="markup--strong markup--p-strong" style="font-weight: 700;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Economic arguments don’t pan out</font></span></p><p name="a67c" id="a67c" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Another key argument that proponents of such bills make is that the federal government is “locking up” public lands that could be used for economic development such as mining and drilling. To make this argument more appealing, some of the bills transfer a portion of the funds from selling or developing lands to state public education funds and send the rest to relieve the national debt. As Utah Rep. Ivory put it, “If we unleash those resources in a responsible, sustainable manner, that’s a matter of national employment. That’s a matter of national economic GDP growth; that’s a matter of national deficit and debt reduction.”</font></p><p name="7942" id="7942" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>But conservatives miss two key points in making these economic arguments. First, public lands already provide an extraordinary economic impact, both from traditional resource development currently allowed on the lands such as mining, drilling, and timber, and from outdoor recreation on protected lands. Second, they fail to note that adequately managing millions more acres of land will be very difficult for states facing budget constraints.</b></font></p><p name="5429" id="5429" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Public lands provide tremendous economic impacts. The Department of the Interior — the agency that manages most public lands — stimulated $385 billion in economic development and more than 2 million jobs in 2011 alone. This number includes the extraction of oil, gas, coal, and other minerals from public lands, in addition to timber, grazing, and recreation. Recreation-related activities alone created 403,000 jobs and nearly $49 billion in economic activity across the country. The U.S. Forest Service, which manages national forests, also has major economic impacts — visitor spending on recreation in and near national forests, for example, added $13 billion to gross domestic product and sustained 200,000 jobs across the country in fiscal year 2011.</font></p><p name="80fa" id="80fa" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The fact that public lands create jobs is echoed in public sentiment. In six western states, for example, 79 percent of voters believe that public lands support the economy, while only 15 percent believe they “take land off the tax rolls, cost government to maintain them, and prevent opportunities for logging and oil and gas production that could provide jobs.”</font></p><p name="de92" id="de92" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Regarding the second point about states likely not being prepared for the burden of managing an influx of public lands, Jodi Peterson of High Country News, a publication based in Paonia, Colorado, says it best:</font></p><blockquote name="f8a4" id="f8a4" class="graf--blockquote graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px -23px; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8); padding-left: 20px; padding-bottom: 3px; font-style: italic; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">If that transfer ever does occur, the old adage “Be careful what you wish for” might apply. Cash-strapped states would have trouble covering even minimal management of former federal land … [and] there aren’t ready buyers for these millions of acres.</font></blockquote><p name="3222" id="3222" class="graf--p graf-after--blockquote" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span class="markup--strong markup--p-strong" style="font-weight: 700;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The attempts are unconstitutional</font></span></p><p name="d496" id="d496" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Finally, it is important to keep in mind that these attempts are unconstitutional, according to case law dating back to the 1800s, and therefore will only serve to waste state taxpayers’ money. Each of the state attempts to force Congress to turn over public lands references the state’s enabling act — the language that made it a state to begin with. Proponents say the federal government has not kept its promise to give the public lands back to the states.</font></p><p name="6a3e" id="6a3e" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">But in reality this is just not true. Each of these enabling acts that the states agreed to in order to become members of the union renounced their claims to federal public lands. Here are the relevant sections of each state constitution or enabling act:</font></p><ul class="postList" style="margin: 29px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none none; counter-reset: post 0; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li name="d520" id="d520" class="graf--li graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 30px; margin-bottom: 14px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Utah: “That the people inhabiting said proposed State do agree and declare that they forever disclaim all right and title to the unappropriated public lands lying within the boundaries thereof”</font></li><li name="70fa" id="70fa" class="graf--li graf-after--li" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 30px; margin-bottom: 14px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Arizona: “That the people inhabiting said proposed State do agree and declare that they forever disclaim all right and title to the unappropriated and ungranted public lands lying within the boundaries thereof and to all lands lying within said boundaries”</font></li><li name="220e" id="220e" class="graf--li graf-after--li" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 30px; margin-bottom: 14px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Wyoming: “The people inhabiting this state do agree and declare that they forever disclaim all right and title to the unappropriated public lands lying within the boundaries thereof”</font></li><li name="9519" id="9519" class="graf--li graf-after--li" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 30px; margin-bottom: 14px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">New Mexico: “That the people inhabiting said proposed state do agree and declare that they forever disclaim all right and title to the unappropriated and ungranted public lands lying within the boundaries thereof”</font></li><li name="f01c" id="f01c" class="graf--li graf-after--li" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 30px; margin-bottom: 14px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Colorado: “That the people inhabiting said Territory do agree and declare that they forever disclaim all right and title to the unappropriated public lands lying within said Territory”</font></li><li name="fd0c" id="fd0c" class="graf--li graf-after--li" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 30px; margin-bottom: 14px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Nevada: “That the people inhabiting said territory do agree and declare that they forever disclaim all right and title to the unappropriated public lands lying within said territory, and that the same shall be and remain at the sole and entire disposition of the United States”</font></li><li name="4536" id="4536" class="graf--li graf-after--li" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 30px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Idaho: “And the people of the state of Idaho do agree and declare that we forever disclaim all right and title to the unappropriated public lands lying within the boundaries thereof”</font></li></ul><p name="c6d2" id="c6d2" class="graf--p graf-after--li" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In even further proof that these are attempts are unconstitutional, the U.S. Supreme Court has spoken many times on this issue. Ironically, the case law in this regard was discussed by Utah’s own Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel in its opinion on the Utah bill, stating:</font></p><blockquote name="ed46" id="ed46" class="graf--blockquote graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px -23px; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8); padding-left: 20px; padding-bottom: 3px; font-style: italic; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The Supreme Court of the United States has ruled that “[w]ith respect to the public domain, the Constitution vests in Congress the power of disposition and of making all needful rules and regulations. That power is subject to no limitations. Congress has the absolute right to prescribe the times, the conditions, and the mode of transferring this property, or any part of it, and to designate the persons to whom the transfer shall be made. No State legislation can interfere with this right or embarrass its exercise; and to prevent the possibility of any attempted interference with it, a provision has been usually inserted in the compacts by which new States have been admitted to the Union, that such interference with the primary disposal of the soil of the United States shall never be made.” Gibson v. Chouteau, 80 U.S. 92 (1872).</font></blockquote><p name="4ec6" id="4ec6" class="graf--p graf-after--blockquote" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Additionally, a Congressional Research Service report in 2007 on the history of federal land management and the Constitution noted that:</font></p><blockquote name="3e5c" id="3e5c" class="graf--blockquote graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px -23px; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8); padding-left: 20px; padding-bottom: 3px; font-style: italic; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The U.S. Constitution addresses the relationship of the federal government to lands. Article IV, § 3, Clause 2 — the Property Clause — gives Congress authority over federal property generally, and the Supreme Court has described Congress’s power to legislate under this Clause as “without limitation.” The equal footing doctrine (based on language within Article IV, § 3, Clause 1), and found in state enabling acts, provides new states with equality to the original states in terms of constitutional rights, but has not been used successfully to force the divestment of federal lands. The policy question of whether to acquire more, or to dispose of any or all, federal lands is left to Congress to decide.</font></blockquote><p name="c2c6" id="c2c6" class="graf--p graf-after--blockquote" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span class="markup--strong markup--p-strong" style="font-weight: 700;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Conclusion</font></span></p><p name="e63b" id="e63b" class="graf--p graf-after--p" style="text-align: left; margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Despite the fact that those living in these seven states do not fundamentally agree with the attempts to “take back” public lands, that the economic arguments for it are incomplete, and that the efforts are unconstitutional, conservatives in these state legislatures across the West have still introduced bills demanding the federal government turn federal public lands over to the states. Efforts in Utah, Arizona, Wyoming, New Mexico, Colorado, Nevada, and Idaho are misguided and merely serve to fan the fire of extreme and fruitless rhetoric at the taxpayers’ expense.</font></p><p name="44f0" id="44f0" class="graf--p graf-after--p graf--last" style="margin: 29px 0px 0px; line-height: 1.58; letter-spacing: -0.003em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /><div style="text-align: left;"><em class="markup--em markup--p-em" style="font-family: " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large" letter-spacing="letter-spacing" em="em" font-feature-settings="font-feature-settings" liga="liga" salt="salt">Jessica Goad is Manager of Research and Outreach for the Public Lands Project at the Center for American Progress. Tom Kenworthy is a Senior Fellow at the Center. This article was reprinted from CAP with permission.</em></div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /><div style="text-align: left;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><em class="markup--em markup--p-em" style="letter-spacing: -0.003em; font-feature-settings: " liga="liga" salt="salt">Endnotes and citations are available in the </em><a href="http://www.americanprogress.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/GoadLandsReclaimBrief-1.pdf" data-href="http://www.americanprogress.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/GoadLandsReclaimBrief-1.pdf" class="markup--anchor markup--p-anchor" style="background-color: transparent; letter-spacing: -0.003em; text-decoration-line: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.44); background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 50%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) 50%); background-size: 2px 0.1em; background-position: 0px 1.05em; background-repeat: repeat-x;"><em class="markup--em markup--p-em" style="font-feature-settings: 'liga' 1, 'salt' 1;">PDF</em></a><em class="markup--em markup--p-em" style="letter-spacing: -0.003em; font-feature-settings: " liga="liga" salt="salt"> version of this </em><a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/129713592/State-Efforts-to-%E2%80%98Reclaim%E2%80%99-Our-Public-Lands" data-href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/129713592/State-Efforts-to-%E2%80%98Reclaim%E2%80%99-Our-Public-Lands" class="markup--anchor markup--p-anchor" style="background-color: transparent; letter-spacing: -0.003em; text-decoration-line: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.44); background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 50%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) 50%); background-size: 2px 0.1em; background-position: 0px 1.05em; background-repeat: repeat-x;"><em class="markup--em markup--p-em" style="font-feature-settings: 'liga' 1, 'salt' 1;">issue brief</em></a><em class="markup--em markup--p-em" style="letter-spacing: -0.003em; 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letter-spacing: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="link u-baseColor--link" href="https://medium.com/tag/climate?source=post" rel="nofollow" data-action-source="post" style="text-decoration: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; margin-right: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; position: relative; border-radius: 3px; padding: 5px 10px; line-height: 22px; letter-spacing: 0px; border: none; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0470588);">Climate</a><a class="link u-baseColor--link" href="https://medium.com/tag/public-lands?source=post" rel="nofollow" data-action-source="post" style="text-decoration: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; margin-right: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; position: relative; border-radius: 3px; padding: 5px 10px; line-height: 22px; letter-spacing: 0px; border: none; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0470588);">Public Lands</a><a class="link u-baseColor--link" href="https://medium.com/tag/alec?source=post" rel="nofollow" data-action-source="post" style="text-decoration: none; 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position: relative; border-radius: 3px; padding: 5px 10px; line-height: 22px; letter-spacing: 0px; border: none; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0470588);">Exxon</a></font></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></footer><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">HCN</font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Whereas the Sagebrush Rebellion of old was driven largely by pragmatic, grassroots concerns, today's version is purely ideological –– a nationwide confluence of right-wing and libertarian extremists. Many of them have little interest in grazing allotments, mining laws or the Wilderness Act. It's what these things symbolize that matters: A tyrannical federal government that activists can denounce, defy and perhaps even engage in battle. This movement, which has grown increasingly virulent since President Barack Obama's election, has created a stew of ideologically similar groups, ready to coalesce around each other when necessary.</font></p><div class="fb-quote fb_iframe_widget" fb-xfbml-state="rendered" fb-iframe-plugin-query="app_id=&container_width=721&href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hcn.org%2Farticles%2Fa-new-and-more-dangerous-sagebrush-rebellion&locale=en_US&sdk=joey" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; position: absolute; left: -4px; top: 1361px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: bottom; width: 169px; height: 47px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></span></div><p /><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The groups are bound together by libertarian-tinged ideology, disdain if not hatred for Obama, and by fear that the government will take away their guns, their liberty, their money, their land, their Confederate flags, and, yes, Christmas.</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"What we're seeing in the West is a number of extremist streams coming together to form a backdrop that is complicated and frankly confusing," says Ryan Lenz of the Southern Poverty Law Center. The confluence occurred at incidents like the Bundy Ranch standoff in Nevada, where members from all of these different movements -- elected officials included -- stood shoulder to shoulder to defend the "rights" of what they portrayed as a persecuted rancher.</font></font></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">It happened again at Malheur, though less harmoniously. While some politicians questioned the methods used by the occupiers, the more hardcore ones, such as Nevada Assemblywoman Michele Fiore, continued to stand by the Bundys and further inflame the situation with incendiary rhetoric aimed at the federal land-management agencies. So-called think tanks like the American Lands Council, which advocates local control of publicly owned land, simultaneously tried to distance itself from the occupiers and use their actions to further its own agenda.</font></font></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Meanwhile, presidential candidate Ted Cruz and libertarian Rand Paul have embraced the American Lands Council's and the occupiers' shared ideology. The earlier Sagebrush Rebellion of the likes of uranium miner Cal Black, or Nevada rancher Wayne Hage, has been co-opted by a far larger right-wing movement.</font></font></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">It's not entirely clear why all of these folks, many of them urban, have taken up a rural Western cause. It might be because they actually have some legitimate gripes regarding land-use regulations, or more likely, ranchers and loggers better fit the populist image they're trying to project. It's not so easy to fight against gun control when the laws are laxer than ever, or revolt against the taxman when taxes on the rich are far lower than they were in the 1950s.</font></font></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Perhaps it's partly a matter of expedience: The dire economic straits in which many rural, extractive industry-reliant counties have found themselves can make them ripe for insurgencies of the Bundy sort. Then there are the cowboy hats, which give a noble look to even those fighting for the causes of capitalist billionaires.</font></font></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Past rebellions weren't entirely nonviolent. Land was bulldozed, federal officials were threatened and Forest Service facilities bombed. Now, however, these new rebels have the power of so-called militiamen and their arsenals behind them. In extreme cases, the local "constitutional sheriff" has even joined with those who defy federal laws and regulations. It's all combined to create a potentially dangerous situation.</font></font></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Last fall I talked to Sean Thomas, a Forest Service law enforcement officer stationed in southern Oregon, and the vice president of the National Federation of Federal Employees Local 5300. Thomas, who has faced the belligerence of a "constitutional" sheriff before, believes we stand at a pivotal moment.</font></font></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"The feeling we all have out here in the West," he told me, months before the explosive events at Malheur, "is that this is a pressure cooker, and something's about to blow."</font></font></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></font></font></p><p style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">8/16</font></font></font></p><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 23px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="rc" data-hveid="37" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="text-align: left; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2016/02/11/3748602/koch-brothers-funding-bundy-agenda/" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">The Koch Brothers Are Now Funding The Bundy Land Seizure ...</font></a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv SWb" style="height: 17px; 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ALC is leading ...</font></span></a></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 23px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="rc" data-hveid="50" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="text-align: left; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2016/01/ken-ivory-federal-land-bundy" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">It's Not Just Militia Members Who Want to Take Over Federal Land ...</font></a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv SWb" style="height: 17px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">www.motherjones.com/politics/2016/01/ken-ivory-federal-</span><b style="font-family: " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">land</b><span style="font-family: " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">-bundy</span></div><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; 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word-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">His nonprofit, the <span style="font-weight: bold;">American Lands Council</span> (ALC), is largely funded by local and ... and Americans for Prosperity, the dark-money group founded by the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Koch</span> ...</font></span></a></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 23px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="rc" data-hveid="57" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="text-align: left; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/the-taxpayer-money-behind-local-control-demands" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">The taxpayer money that fuels federal land transfer demands — High ...</font></a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv _SWb" style="height: 17px; 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cursor: pointer; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px; display: inline !important;">The Hill</a></div><span class="Bs" style="text-align: left; border-width: 4px 4px 0px; border-style: solid; width: 0px; height: 0px; top: 8.5px; position: absolute; margin-left: 6px; margin-top: -3px; border-color: rgb(170, 170, 170) transparent !important;" /></div></div></div><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/energy-environment/247905-ivorys-tower-built-on-faulty-foundation+american+lands+council+koch&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi0k92e7rTOAhVKCcAKHS84CVoQHwhFMAU" style="text-align: left; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.4; word-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f">Jul 15, 2015 - </span>... more than half of the funds the <span style="font-weight: bold;">American Lands Council</span> takes in. ... the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC), the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Koch</span> brothers, ...</font></span></a></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 23px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="rc" data-hveid="72" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="text-align: left; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-ff-land-battle-20150510-story.html" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">In Western states, idea of reclaiming federal land still has a strong ...</font></a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv _SWb" style="height: 17px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-ff-</span><b style="font-family: " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">land</b><span style="font-family: " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">-battle-20150510-story.html</span></div><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; 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word-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f">May 10, 2015 - </span><span style="font-weight: bold;">Americans</span> for Prosperity, the group backed by the conservative <span style="font-weight: bold;">Koch</span> brothers, contributes to the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Lands Council</span>, though in 2013, the last year ...</font></span></a></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 23px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="rc" data-hveid="80" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="text-align: left; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://grist.org/living/guess-whos-funding-the-bundys-crazy-land-grab-movement-the-koch-brothers/" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Guess who's funding the Bundys' crazy land-grab movement? - Grist</font></a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv _SWb" style="height: 17px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">grist.org/.../guess-whos-funding-the-bundys-crazy-</span><b style="font-family: " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">land</b><span style="font-family: " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">-grab-movement-the-</span><b style="font-family: " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">koc</b><span style="font-family: " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">...</span></div><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 0px 3px; vertical-align: middle; -webkit-user-select: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="Fmb ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=american+lands+council+koch&oq=American+Lands+Council&aqs=chrome.1.69i57j0l5.7081j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b7" aria-label="Result details" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="0ahUKEwi0k92e7rTOAhVKCcAKHS84CVoQ7B0IUjAH" style="border-radius: 0px; 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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:JOHkiD0o6lsJ:grist.org/living/guess-whos-funding-the-bundys-crazy-land-grab-movement-the-koch-brothers/+&cd=8&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:JOHkiD0o6lsJ:grist.org/living/guess-whos-funding-the-bundys-crazy-land-grab-movement-the-koch-brothers/+&cd=8&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:JOHkiD0o6lsJ:grist.org/living/guess-whos-funding-the-bundys-crazy-land-grab-movement-the-koch-brothers/+&cd=8&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px; display: inline !important;">Grist</a></div><span class="Bs" style="text-align: left; border-width: 4px 4px 0px; border-style: solid; width: 0px; height: 0px; top: 8.5px; position: absolute; margin-left: 6px; margin-top: -3px; border-color: rgb(170, 170, 170) transparent !important;" /></div></div></div><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:JOHkiD0o6lsJ:grist.org/living/guess-whos-funding-the-bundys-crazy-land-grab-movement-the-koch-brothers/+&cd=8&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-align: left; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.4; word-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f">Feb 12, 2016 - </span>To that last question, we may have an answer: the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Koch</span> brothers. ... spent much of his time in office championing the <span style="font-weight: bold;">American Lands Council</span>, ...</font></span></a></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 23px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="rc" data-hveid="87" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="text-align: left; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.revealnews.org/article/the-problems-with-the-state-movement-to-take-federal-land/" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">The problems with the state movement to take federal land | Reveal</font></a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv _SWb" style="height: 17px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">https://www.revealnews.org/.../the-problems-with-the-state-movement-to-take-federal-...</span></div><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; 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text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.4; word-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f">Mar 11, 2015 - </span>He earned $95,000 from his nonprofit, <span style="font-weight: bold;">American Lands Council</span>, in 2013 ... and whose members include <span style="font-weight: bold;">Koch</span> Industries, ExxonMobil and other ...</font></span></a></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="rc" data-hveid="94" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="text-align: left; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://psmag.com/land-grab-duplicity-d22e9328ce1" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Land Grab Duplicity — Pacific Standard</font></a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; 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height: 0px; top: 8.5px; position: absolute; margin-left: 6px; margin-top: -3px; border-color: rgb(170, 170, 170) transparent !important;" /></div></div></div><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:5WzjRgQFUWsJ:https://psmag.com/land-grab-duplicity-d22e9328ce1+&cd=10&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-align: left; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.4; word-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Right-wing <span style="font-weight: bold;">land</span> transfer activists are trying to convince the <span style="font-weight: bold;">American</span> people ... up with the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Koch</span>-backed <span style="font-weight: bold;">American</span> Legislative Exchange <span style="font-weight: bold;">Council</span> and a group ...</font></span></a></div></div></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.875rem; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.701961);"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:5WzjRgQFUWsJ:https://psmag.com/land-grab-duplicity-d22e9328ce1+&cd=10&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-align: left; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">===</font></font></font></a></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>