Computational Complexity

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Serafina Agnello | 2019-05

Complex systems involve many variables and configurations that cannot be explored simply with intuition or paper-and-pencil calculation. Instead, advanced mathematical and computational modeling, analysis and simulations are almost always required to see how these systems are structured and change with time.

With the help of computers, we can check if a set of hypothetical rules could lead to a behavior observed in nature, and then use our knowledge of those rules to generate predictions of different “what-if” scenarios. Computers are also used to analyze massive data coming from complex systems to reveal and visualize hidden patterns that are not visible to human eyes.

These computational methods can lead to discoveries that then deepen our understanding and appreciation of nature.

EXAMPLES:

• Agent-based modeling for the flocking of birds
• Mathematical and computer models of the brain
• Climate forecasting computer models
• Computer models of pedestrian dynamics