nat'l restaurant assoc
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">sorta belated back for Berman</font><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">front for tobacco, but also other groups like energy frack?
</font><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></div><div><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association</font></a></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">4 22</font></div><div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>National Restaurant Association (NRA)</b> is a trade association for the approximately $709 billion restaurant industry, according to its own reports,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[2]</a></sup> and had a total annual revenue of approximately $71 million in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup> The NRA has been a major force in keeping the federal tipped minimum wage at $2.13 for restaurant workers for 20 years. <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Budget_and_Lobbying" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">As discussed below</a>, it and its member companies represent a lobbying powerhouse working against state minimum wage increases and paid sick leave for workers.</font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">The NRA has 53 state restaurant affiliates and operates a nonprofit arm, the <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association_Educational_Foundation" title="National Restaurant Association Educational Foundation" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">National Restaurant Association Educational Foundation</a>, which had a total revenue of $10,622,951 in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">The NRA represents about 500,000 restaurant businesses, according to its website.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a></sup> It has 151 corporate restaurant members, representing the dominant players in this global industry.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[5]</a></sup> Other members include supplier companies, faculty and students in hospitality education, and nonprofits "such as state hospitals, state health care facilities, state schools, state prisons, military foodservice establishments, etc."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[6]</a></sup> Its members include nine Fortune 500 corporations, seven Fortune 100 corporations, and one Global 500 corporation. Its most recognizable members include industry giants like <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">McDonald's</a>, <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=YUM!Brands" title="YUM! Brands" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">YUM! Brands</a> (the owner of Taco Bell and KFC), <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Disney" title="Disney" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Disney</a>, and <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Darden_Restaurants" title="Darden Restaurants" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Darden Restaurants</a> (the owner of Olive Garden, LongHorn Steakhouse, and Capital Grille, and until a recent "fire sale" also the owner of Red Lobster).<sup id="cite_ref-2.1_billion_7-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2.1_billion-7" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[7]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ROCU_8-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-ROCU-8" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[8]</a></sup></font></p><div id="toc" class="toc" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); padding: 7px; display: table; zoom: 1;"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="direction: ltr; position: absolute; opacity: 0; z-index: -1; display: none;" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Partisan_Politics_in_the_2014_Election_Cycle" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;"><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Partisan Politics in the 2014 Election Cycle</span></span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Budget_and_Lobbying" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Budget and Lobbying</span></font></a><ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Budget" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">2.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Budget</span></font></a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Political_Contributions" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">3</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Political Contributions</span></font></a><ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Lobbying_and_Political_Contributions_Expenditures_Breakdown" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">3.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Lobbying and Political Contributions Expenditures Breakdown</span></font></a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Ties_to_the_American_Legislative_Exchange_Council.28ALEC.29" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">4</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Ties to the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC)</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#NRA_Denounces_Common_Sense_NLRB_Ruling:If_You_Work_at_McDonald.27s.2C_You_Work_for_McDonald.27s" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">5</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">NRA Denounces Common Sense NLRB Ruling: If You Work at McDonald's, You Work for McDonald's</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Opposition_to_Paid_Sick_Days" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">6</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Opposition to Paid Sick Days</span></font></a><ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Paid_Sick_Leave_Preemption_Bills_and_Sponsors.2C_2011-2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">6.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Paid Sick Leave Preemption Bills and Sponsors, 2011-2013</span></font></a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Opposition_to_Minimum_Wage_Increases" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">7</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Opposition to Minimum Wage Increases</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Opposition_to_Nutrition_Labeling" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">8</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Opposition to Nutrition Labeling</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Public_Relations:Rick_Berman.2C_and_Employment_Policies_Institute" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">9</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Public Relations: Rick Berman, and Employment Policies Institute</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Other_Policies" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">10</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Other Policies</span></font></a><ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Opposition_to_the_Affordable_Care_Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">10.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Opposition to the Affordable Care Act</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Opposition_to_New_York_City_Soda_Regulation" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">10.2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Opposition to New York City Soda Regulation</span></font></a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Personnel" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">11</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Personnel</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Worker_Pay_Gap" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">12</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Worker Pay Gap</span></font></a><ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Public_Assistance_for_Restaurant_Employees" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">12.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Public Assistance for Restaurant Employees</span></font></a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#History_with_Tobacco" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">13</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">History with Tobacco</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Herman_Cain_Controversies" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">14</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Herman Cain Controversies</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Member_Companies" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">15</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Member Companies</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Articles_and_Resources" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">16</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Articles and Resources</span></font></a><ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#Related_SourceWatch_Articles" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">16.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Related SourceWatch Articles</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#References" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">16.2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">References</span></font></a></li></ul></li></ul></div><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Partisan_Politics_in_the_2014_Election_Cycle"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Partisan Politics in the 2014 Election Cycle</font></span></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">The NRA spent $1,314,500 on the 2014 midterms, and 74 percent went to Republican candidates and committees.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-9" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[9]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">In a press release, CEO and President Dawn Sweeney hailed the results, focusing on the fact that the GOP-dominated Senate would push for lower taxes and reduced health care benefits: "Congratulations to Senator Mitch McConnell and to all the candidates who won victories in yesterday's Midterm elections. The result of this year's elections are critical to the business community - and the restaurant association - on key issues including health care, tax reform and creating a regulatory environment that creates opportunities for businesses to grow."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[10]</a></sup></font></p><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Budget_and_Lobbying"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Budget and Lobbying</font></span></h2><div class="thumb tright" style="clear: right; float: right; margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="thumbinner" style="min-width: 100px; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 382px;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=File:NRA_Lobbyists.png" class="image" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><img alt="" src="https://www.sourcewatch.org/images/thumb/8/86/NRA_Lobbyists.png/380px-NRA_Lobbyists.png" decoding="async" width="380" height="278" class="thumbimage" srcset="/images/8/86/NRA_Lobbyists.png 1.5x" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /></font></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; text-align: left;"><div class="magnify" style="float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=File:NRA_Lobbyists.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="width" height="height" viewbox="%220" e="E" cg="Cg" id="%22smallbox%22" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%23000%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" d="%22M-1.499" h10.99v7.919h1.509z="h10.99v7.919H1.509z" h5.943v4.904h-5.943z="h5.943v4.904h-5.943z" c="C" g="g" display="display" block="block" text-indent="text-indent" px="px" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" overflow="overflow" hidden="hidden" user-select="user-select" none="none" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data" /></div><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=File:NRA_Lobbyists.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="width" height="height" viewbox="%220" e="E" cg="Cg" id="%22smallbox%22" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%23000%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" d="%22M-1.499" h10.99v7.919h1.509z="h10.99v7.919H1.509z" h5.943v4.904h-5.943z="h5.943v4.904h-5.943z" c="C" g="g" display="display" block="block" text-indent="text-indent" px="px" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" overflow="overflow" hidden="hidden" user-select="user-select" none="none" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The NRA reported having 37 lobbyists on staff in 2013, including 27 revolving door lobbyists who previously worked in Congress or the executive branch</font></a></div></div></div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=File:NRA_Lobbyists.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="width" height="height" viewbox="%220" e="E" cg="Cg" id="%22smallbox%22" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%23000%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" d="%22M-1.499" h10.99v7.919h1.509z="h10.99v7.919H1.509z" h5.943v4.904h-5.943z="h5.943v4.904h-5.943z" c="C" g="g" display="display" block="block" text-indent="text-indent" px="px" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" overflow="overflow" hidden="hidden" user-select="user-select" none="none" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The organization generated $71,298,845 in revenue and spent $70,993,503 in 2013, according to the NRA's annual filing with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-2" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;" /></font></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">The NRA spent $2.2 million on lobbying in 2013 and $2.5 million on lobbying in 2014, according to the Center for Responsive Politics.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-11" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[11]</a></sup> Top issues for lobbying were taxes, health issues, immigration, food industry, and intellectual property.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-12" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[12]</a></sup> The NRA's lobbying figures do not account for lobbying expenditures or activities by the trade association's individual member companies. Besides its 37 reported in-house lobbyists, the NRA also hired outside lobbyists in 2013, including Capitol Tax Partners, <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Kirkpatrick_and_Lockhart_Preston_Gates_Ellis" title="Kirkpatrick and Lockhart Preston Gates Ellis" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">K&L Gates</a>, Mehlman Vogel Castagnettie Inc., and <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Prime_Policy_Group" title="Prime Policy Group" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Prime Policy Group</a> (a subsidary of <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Burson-Marsteller" title="Burson-Marsteller" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Burson-Marsteller</a> Global Public Relations, which in turn is a <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=WPP" title="WPP" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">WPP</a>-owned company).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-13" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[13]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">In February 2016, the NRA hired the law firm Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck, LLP to lead its lobbying. The account was to be headed by "BHFS policy director Brian Wild, former senior advisor to House Speaker John Boehner, who also previously served as deputy assistant for legislative affairs to Vice President Dick Cheney and chief of staff and legislative director for Congressman Pat Toomey (R-PA)," according to <i>O'Dwyer's</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-14" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[14]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The NRA's reported lobbying figures significantly underestimate the lobbying that it actually engages in, however, thanks to loopholes in lobbying registration and disclosure laws, which <i>The Nation</i> has described as "shadow lobbying":</font></p><blockquote style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">"In the weeks before fast-food workers earning less than $8 an hour began a wave of walkout strikes across the country in December, the National Restaurant Association, a lobbying group for eateries like McDonald’s and Burger King dedicated to blocking efforts to raise the minimum wage, moved into a swanky new office space on L Street to accommodate its 20 percent growth in staff operations. But even though the National Restaurant Association’s staff and spending have grown, the organization reported its lowest lobbying figures since 2007 on its latest forms."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-15" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[15]</a></sup></font></p></blockquote><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">NRA member companies also spent millions of dollars on lobbying in 2013. Big spenders included <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">McDonald's</a> ($2.3 million), <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Starbucks" title="Starbucks" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Starbucks</a> ($2.2 million), <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Darden_Restaurants" title="Darden Restaurants" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Darden Restaurants</a> (the parent company of restaurant chains including Olive Garden) ($1.3 million), Dunkin' Brands ($950,000), and <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=YUM!Brands" title="YUM! Brands" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">YUM! Brands</a> (the parent company of <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Taco_Bell" title="Taco Bell" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Taco Bell</a>, KFC, and Pizza Hut) ($690,000).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-16" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[16]</a></sup></font></p><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Budget"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Budget</font></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>2013</b><sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-3" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></p><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Total Revenue: $71,298,845</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Total Expenses: $70,993,503</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Net Assets: $45,451,927</font></li></ul><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>2012</b><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-17" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[17]</a></sup></font></p><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Total Revenue: $67,841,002</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Total Expenses: $67,774,260</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Net Assets: $44,035,565</font></li></ul><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>2011</b><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-18" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[18]</a></sup></font></p><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Total Revenue: $91,400,324</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Total Expenses: $65,134,253</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Net Assets: $43,795,680</font></li></ul><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Political_Contributions"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Political Contributions</font></span></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">The NRA gave $15,788,204 to federal and state political candidates from 1989 through the second quarter of 2014 (with state data covering only through the end of 2013), with 76 percent going to Republicans and 15 percent going to Democrats, according to the Sunlight Foundation. Top recipients have included <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Heather_Wilson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heather Wilson (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Heather Wilson</a> (R-NM), <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=John_Kline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Kline (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">John Kline</a> (R-NM), <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Anne_Northrup" class="mw-redirect" title="Anne Northrup" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Anne Northrup</a> (R-KY), and <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=John_Boehner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Boehner (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">John Boehner</a> (R-OH).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-19" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[19]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">In 2014, 18 of the top 20 recipients of NRA money were Republicans (each receiving $7,500 or more), and 18 out of the 20 were men.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-20" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[20]</a></sup> The NRA gave $967,250 (74 percent) to Republicans and to $334,750 (26 percent) to Democrats during the 2014 cycle.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-21" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[21]</a></sup> These figures do not account for political contributions from any of the NRA's individual members.</font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">The NRA contributed $3.2 million to state candidates from 1998 to 2014, according to the National Institute on Money in State Politics.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-22" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[22]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">The NRA's biggest PAC contribution at the state level between 1998 and 2014 was a $300,000 donation to the Coalition to Save Florida Jobs in 2004, when that PAC was fighting against a minimum wage increase in the state, according to the National Institute on Money in State Politics.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-23" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[23]</a></sup> The second-biggest PAC contribution ($293,000) went to the Republican Party of Florida, according to the Colorado Secretary of State Elections Division. The NRA gave $160,080 during the 2011-2012 period, just before the legislature pushed a bill to <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Preemption" title="Preemption" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">preempt</a> and block paid sick day legislation. It also contributed $50,000 in October 2006 to Respect Colorado's Constitution, a political committee fighting to keep the state from raising the minimum wage.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-24" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[24]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">The NRA also runs its own PAC, the National Restaurant Association PAC (Restaurant PAC).<sup id="cite_ref-rest_pac_25-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-rest_pac-25" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[25]</a></sup> During the 2014 election cycle, Restaurant PAC received $1,295,248 in donations, with $959,887 coming from individual donors giving $200 or more.<sup id="cite_ref-rest_pac_25-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-rest_pac-25" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[25]</a></sup> It spent $1,285,555 during the 2014 election cycle, giving $964,250 to federal candidates.<sup id="cite_ref-rest_pac_25-2" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-rest_pac-25" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[25]</a></sup></font></p><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Lobbying_and_Political_Contributions_Expenditures_Breakdown"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Lobbying and Political Contributions Expenditures Breakdown</font></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><b><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2014 Election Cycle</font></b></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>National Restaurant Association</b><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-26" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[26]</a></sup></font></p><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2014 Total Lobbying Expenditures: $2,551,996</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2013 Total Lobbying Expenditures: $2,238,691</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Total Contributions: $1,314,500</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Contributions to Republicans: $967,250</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Contributions to Democrats: $334,750
</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Declared 2013 Lobbying Expenditures: $820,106<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-4" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></li></ul><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>National Restaurant Association PAC</b><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-27" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[27]</a></sup></font></p><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Total Receipts: $1,295,248</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Total Spent: *$1,285,555</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">PAC Contributions to Federal Candidates: $964,250
</font></li></ul><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><b><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2012 Election Cycle</font></b></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>National Restaurant Association</b><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-28" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[28]</a></sup></font></p><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2012 Total Lobbying Expenditures: $2,709,311</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2011 Total Lobbying Expenditures: $2,549,500</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Declared 2012 Lobbying Expenditures: $1,007,120<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-29" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[29]</a></sup></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Declared 2011 Lobbying Expenditures: $1,184,114<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-30" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[30]</a></sup></font></li></ul><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>National Restaurant Association PAC</b><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-31" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[31]</a></sup></font></p><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Total Receipts: $1,234,546</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Total Spent: $1,056,179</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">PAC Contributions to Federal Candidates: $803,000</font></li></ul><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Grants and Donations</b>:</font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>2013</b><sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-5" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></p><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Georgetown University: $50,000</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">State Legislative Leaders Foundation: $30,000</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cornell University School of Hotel Administration: $25,000</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Partnership for Food Safety Education: $25,000</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Women's Foodservice Forum: $22,000</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">NCSL Foundation for State Legislatures: $17,500</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Human Rights Campaign Foundation: $15,000</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">University of Alabama at Birmingham: $25,000</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ovarian Cancer National Alliance: $10,000</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">SOME Gala Offices: $10,000</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Mt Vernon Ladies: $10,000</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">National Restaurant Association Educational Foundation: $130,000</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">National Restaurant Association Military Foundation: $75,000</font></li></ul><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>2012</b><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-32" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[32]</a></sup></font></p><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Campaign to End Obesity: $40,000</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Democratic Governors Association: $10,000</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Grocery Manufacturers Association: $20,000</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Illinois Restaurant Association Political Action Committee: $15,000</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Mt. Vernon Ladies Association: $10,000</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ovarian Cancer National Alliance: $10,000</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The Culinary Institute of America: $10,000</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Women's Foodservice Forum: $20,000</font></li></ul><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span id="Ties_to_the_American_Legislative_Exchange_Council(ALEC)"><span class="mw-headline" id="Ties_to_the_American_Legislative_Exchange_Council.28ALEC.29">Ties to the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC)</span></span></font></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">The NRA is a member of ALEC.<sup id="cite_ref-CLEAR_33-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-CLEAR-33" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[33]</a></sup> According to the NRA’s 990 filling with the IRS, they gave $7,000 to ALEC in 2011. At ALEC’s Annual Meeting in August 2011, Stan Harris, president and CEO of the Louisiana NRA affiliate, was a speaker at the Labor and Business Regulation Subcommittee meeting, and legislators were handed a target list and map of state and local paid sick days policies prepared by the NRA.</font></p><table style="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170);"><tbody><tr><th style="background: rgb(41, 102, 184); border: 1px solid rgb(46, 114, 205); text-align: left; padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">About ALEC</font></th></tr><tr><td style=""><div style="padding: 2px 5px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=ALEC" class="mw-redirect" title="ALEC" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ALEC</a> is a corporate bill mill. It is not just a lobby or a front group; it is much more powerful than that. Through ALEC, corporations hand state legislators their wishlists to benefit their bottom line. Corporations fund almost all of ALEC's operations. They pay for a seat on ALEC task forces where corporate lobbyists and special interest reps vote with elected officials to approve “model” bills. Learn more at the Center for Media and Democracy's <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alecexposed.org/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">ALECexposed.org</a>, and check out breaking news on our <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.exposedbycmd.org/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">ExposedbyCMD.org site</a>.</font></div></td></tr></tbody></table><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span id="NRA_Denounces_Common_Sense_NLRB_Ruling:If_You_Work_at_McDonald's,You_Work_for_McDonald's"><span class="mw-headline" id="NRA_Denounces_Common_Sense_NLRB_Ruling:If_You_Work_at_McDonald.27s.2C_You_Work_for_McDonald.27s">NRA Denounces Common Sense NLRB Ruling: If You Work at McDonald's, You Work for McDonald's</span></span></font></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">On July 28, 2014, the general counsel of the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) ruled that McDonald's is a joint employer and authorized complaints in 43 cases against McDonald's.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-34" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[34]</a></sup> The ruling means that McDonald's "could be held jointly liable for labor and wage violations by its franchise operators," according to the <i>New York Times</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-35" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[35]</a></sup> and may also "give employees more leverage to unionize."<sup id="cite_ref-denounce_ruling_36-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-denounce_ruling-36" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[36]</a></sup> McDonald's has stated that it would appeal the ruling, while trade groups including the NRA and the National Retail Federation denounced the ruling as harmful to businesses. An NRA spokesperson said, "The net effect is counterproductive and will indeed create ‘big business.'"<sup id="cite_ref-denounce_ruling_36-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-denounce_ruling-36" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[36]</a></sup></font></p><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Opposition_to_Paid_Sick_Days"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Opposition to Paid Sick Days</font></span></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">In recent years, the NRA has fought hard against new laws and regulations on paid sick days , which would allow workers to stay at home when sick without risking their paycheck or their job. The NRA has called paid sick days fights a “hot button issue for the restaurant industry.” <sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-37" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[37]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Forty percent of all workers do not have paid sick days; existing federal law covers only employees working 25 hours or more at businesses with at least 50 workers, applies only to serious and not routine illnesses, and is unpaid. <sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-38" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[38]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Bills to block local governments from allowing workers to earn paid sick days have been introduced in at least 14 different state legislatures across the country; in most cases, the NRA has played a role in pushing the legislation.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-39" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[39]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-40" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[40]</a></sup> These bills are designed to preempt local governments or voters from enacting paid sick days ordinances.</font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">The <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Preemption" title="Preemption" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">preemption</a> concept was promulgated in August 2011 at an ALEC meeting in New Orleans.<sup id="cite_ref-fischer_sick_leave_41-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-fischer_sick_leave-41" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[41]</a></sup> Legislators attending a meeting of the ALEC Labor and Business Regulation Subcommittee were handed a copy of a bill that had passed in Wisconsin months earlier, thanks to a lobbying effort by the Chamber and restaurant industry.<sup id="cite_ref-fischer_sick_leave_41-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-fischer_sick_leave-41" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[41]</a></sup> The bill preempted any local paid sick day laws, and overturned a Milwaukee paid sick days ordinance that had passed with nearly 70 percent of the vote in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-fischer_sick_leave_41-2" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-fischer_sick_leave-41" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[41]</a></sup> (See <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Preemption" title="Preemption" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Preemption</a> for more.)</font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Stan Harris, president and CEO of the Louisiana NRA affiliate, was a speaker at the meeting, and legislators were handed a target list and map of state and local paid sick days policies prepared by the NRA.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-42" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[42]</a></sup> After that meeting, similar paid sick days preemption bills spread across the country, in most cases introduced and co-sponsored by ALEC member legislators.</font></p><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Alabama: the Alabama Restaurant Association is pushing a preemption bill to stop local paid sick days ordinances.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-43" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[43]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Arizona: Arizona media reported that the restaurant industry is behind preemption bill.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-44" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[44]</a></sup> The Arizona Restaurant Association testified in support of the bill.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-45" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[45]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Colorado: The NRA contributed $100,000 to Keep Denver Competitive, a business coalition formed specifically to fight a paid sick days ballot measure. <sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-46" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[46]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Connecticut: the Connecticut Restaurant Association lobbied vigorously against a paid sick days law passed in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-47" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[47]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Florida: the preemption bill was written with the help of Darden, the parent company for Olive Garden and Red Lobster.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-48" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[48]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Indiana: the Indiana Restaurant and Lodging Association pushed to pass the preemption bill.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-49" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[49]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Kansas: the Kansas Restaurant & Hospitality Association (KRHA) wrote a letter to governor asking him to support preemption bill.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-50" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[50]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Louisiana: the Louisiana Restaurant Association gave $2,750 to preemption bill sponsor. The LRA is a sponsor of ALEC and the LRA CEO spoke at the ALEC meeting in 2011 where a preemption model bill was distributed.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-51" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[51]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Michigan: The Michigan Restaurant Association commended passage of preemption legislation in the House<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-52" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[52]</a></sup>and testified in favor in a Senate hearing.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-53" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[53]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Mississippi: while there is no confirmed link to the restaurant industry, the bill’s sponsor<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-54" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[54]</a></sup> on preemption, Representative Turner is a confirmed <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Mississippi_ALEC_Politicians" title="Mississippi ALEC Politicians" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">member of ALEC</a> and has received campaign donations from ALEC.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-55" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[55]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Oklahoma: State Senate sponsor for paid sick days and minimum wage preemption bill<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-56" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[56]</a></sup> received campaign donations from the Oklahoma Restaurant Association.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-57" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[57]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">South Carolina: The sponsor of a state preemption bill<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-58" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[58]</a></sup>has been on multiple ALEC committees.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-59" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[59]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-60" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[60]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Tennessee: Tennessee Hospitality Association worked to pass preemption bill.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-61" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[61]</a></sup> Sponsors of the bill received campaign donations from Tennessee Hospitality Association (log in required on TN web page).</font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Washington: the Washington Restaurant Association fought against the Seattle paid sick days ordinance.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-62" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[62]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Wisconsin: the Wisconsin Restaurant Association worked to help pass preemption bill against paid sick days.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-63" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[63]</a></sup></font></li></ul><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">In April 2011, the NRA created a Restaurant Advocacy Fund to provide a rapid response capability to state-level initiatives it opposes, including bringing paid sick days to employees. <sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-64" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[64]</a></sup> Scott DeFife, the NRA’s Executive Vice President for Policy and Government Affairs, has said that the Restaurant Advocacy Fund will be used to challenge “an increasing number of complex issues that threaten restaurants’ bottom-line.” <sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-65" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[65]</a></sup></font></p><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span id="Paid_Sick_Leave_Preemption_Bills_and_Sponsors,2011-2013"><span class="mw-headline" id="Paid_Sick_Leave_Preemption_Bills_and_Sponsors.2C_2011-2013">Paid Sick Leave Preemption Bills and Sponsors, 2011-2013</span></span></font></h3><table class="wikitable sortable jquery-tablesorter" border="1" style="background: rgb(249, 249, 249); margin: 1em 1em 1em 0px; border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); border-collapse: collapse;"><thead><tr><th scope="col" class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 21px 0.2em 0.4em; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2221%22" height="%229%22" viewbox="%220" e="E" cpath="Cpath" d="%22M14.5" l-4="l-4" zm0-1l-4-4-4="zm0-1l-4-4-4" z="z" c="C" rgb="rgb" text-align="text-align" center="center" cursor="cursor" pointer="pointer" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><i><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">State (Year)</font></i></th><th scope="col" class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 21px 0.2em 0.4em; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2221%22" height="%229%22" viewbox="%220" e="E" cpath="Cpath" d="%22M14.5" l-4="l-4" zm0-1l-4-4-4="zm0-1l-4-4-4" z="z" c="C" rgb="rgb" text-align="text-align" center="center" cursor="cursor" pointer="pointer" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><i><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Bill(s)</font></i></th><th scope="col" class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 21px 0.2em 0.4em; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2221%22" height="%229%22" viewbox="%220" e="E" cpath="Cpath" d="%22M14.5" l-4="l-4" zm0-1l-4-4-4="zm0-1l-4-4-4" z="z" c="C" rgb="rgb" text-align="text-align" center="center" cursor="cursor" pointer="pointer" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><i><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">ALEC Member Sponsors</font></i></th><th scope="col" class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 21px 0.2em 0.4em; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2221%22" height="%229%22" viewbox="%220" e="E" cpath="Cpath" d="%22M14.5" l-4="l-4" zm0-1l-4-4-4="zm0-1l-4-4-4" z="z" c="C" rgb="rgb" text-align="text-align" center="center" cursor="cursor" pointer="pointer" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><i><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Status</font></i></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>WI</b> (2011)</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">AB 41/SB 23</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Kapenga, Stone, Honadel; Vukmir, Grothman, Darling, Lazich</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Enacted 2011</font></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>LA</b> (2012)</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">SB 521</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;" /><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Enacted 2012</font></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>AL</b> (2013)</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">HB 628</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;" /><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Died</font></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>AZ</b> (2013)</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">HB 2280</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Forese</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Enacted 4/29/13</font></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>FL</b> (2013)</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">HB 655/SB 726</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Precourt, Mayfield; Simmons</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Enacted 6/14/13</font></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>IN</b> (2013)</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">SB 213</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;" /><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Enacted 4/25/13</font></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>KS</b> (2013)</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">HB 2069</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Commerce, Labor, Econ Development Committee Chair Marvin Kleeb</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Enacted 4/16/13</font></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>MI</b> (2013)</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">HB 4249/SB 173</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Lori; M. Green, Meekhoff, Robertson, M. Kowall</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Passed House & Senate committees, no floor votes yet</font></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>MS</b> (2013)</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">HB 141</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Turner</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Enacted 3/25/13</font></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>OK</b> (2013)</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">SB 1023</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;" /><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Died</font></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>SC</b> (2013)</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">H 3941</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Sandifer, Harrell, Bannister</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Passed House 4/30/13, died</font></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>TN</b> (2013)</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">HB 501/SB 35</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Kelsey, White, Lynn</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Enacted 4/16/13</font></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>WA</b> (2013)</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">SB 5728</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Padden, Bailey, Benton</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Died</font></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>WA</b> (2013)</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">HB 1781/SB 5726</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Bailey, Padden, Benton</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Reintroduced and retained in present status May 13</font></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>WA</b> (2013)</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">SB 5159</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Bailey, Padden; Becker, Carrell (deceased), Parlette, Holmquist</font></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Reintroduced and retained in present status May 13</font></td></tr></tbody><tfoot /></table><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Opposition_to_Minimum_Wage_Increases"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Opposition to Minimum Wage Increases</font></span></h2><div class="thumb tright" style="clear: right; float: right; margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="thumbinner" style="min-width: 100px; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 352px;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=File:Value_of_Minimum_Wage.png" class="image" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><img alt="" src="https://www.sourcewatch.org/images/thumb/b/b9/Value_of_Minimum_Wage.png/350px-Value_of_Minimum_Wage.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="281" class="thumbimage" srcset="/images/thumb/b/b9/Value_of_Minimum_Wage.png/525px-Value_of_Minimum_Wage.png 1.5x, /images/b/b9/Value_of_Minimum_Wage.png 2x" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /></font></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; text-align: left;"><div class="magnify" style="float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=File:Value_of_Minimum_Wage.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="width" height="height" viewbox="%220" e="E" cg="Cg" id="%22smallbox%22" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%23000%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" d="%22M-1.499" h10.99v7.919h1.509z="h10.99v7.919H1.509z" h5.943v4.904h-5.943z="h5.943v4.904h-5.943z" c="C" g="g" display="display" block="block" text-indent="text-indent" px="px" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" overflow="overflow" hidden="hidden" user-select="user-select" none="none" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data" /></div><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=File:Value_of_Minimum_Wage.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="width" height="height" viewbox="%220" e="E" cg="Cg" id="%22smallbox%22" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%23000%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" d="%22M-1.499" h10.99v7.919h1.509z="h10.99v7.919H1.509z" h5.943v4.904h-5.943z="h5.943v4.904h-5.943z" c="C" g="g" display="display" block="block" text-indent="text-indent" px="px" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" overflow="overflow" hidden="hidden" user-select="user-select" none="none" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Thanks to the legislative efforts of the NRA, the tipped minimum wage has remained at $2.13 per hour since 1991</font></a></div></div></div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=File:Value_of_Minimum_Wage.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="width" height="height" viewbox="%220" e="E" cg="Cg" id="%22smallbox%22" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%23000%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" d="%22M-1.499" h10.99v7.919h1.509z="h10.99v7.919H1.509z" h5.943v4.904h-5.943z="h5.943v4.904h-5.943z" c="C" g="g" display="display" block="block" text-indent="text-indent" px="px" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" overflow="overflow" hidden="hidden" user-select="user-select" none="none" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The National Restaurant Association has continually fought against proposed increases to the minimum wage. In the 1990s, it helped persuade Congress to set the minimum wage for tipped workers at just $2.13 an hour, where it has stayed for decades.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;" /></font></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-66" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[66]</a></font></p><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><u>Federal (2014)</u>: The NRA opposes increasing the national minimum wage to $10.10, which was proposed in the Minimum Wage Fairness Act bill authored by Senator <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Tom_Harkin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tom Harkin (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Tom Harkin</a> and Representative <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=George_Miller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Miller (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">George Miller</a> and supported by <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">President Obama</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-67" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[67]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><u>Oklahoma (2014)</u>: The Oklahoma Restaurant Association supported 2014 S.B. 1023, which prevents municipalities from establishing a local minimum wage or minimum number of sick days.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-68" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[68]</a></sup> Oklahoma Restaurant Association President and CEO Jim Hopper supported the bill, saying the "(minimum wage is) a state-level issue... It's not something that should be done by municipalities... If (chain restaurants) have to deal with each city having a different minimum wage, then they would face a payroll nightmare."<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-69" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[69]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><u>Colorado (2006)</u>: The NRA contributed $173,000 the Hospitality Issues PAC (HIPAC) and $50,000 to Respect Colorado's Constitution, the two committees opposed to increasing Colorado's minimum wage.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-70" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[70]</a></sup> Amendment 42 increased Colorado's minimum wage from $5.15 to $6.85 per hour and indexed it to inflation.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-71" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[71]</a></sup> The Respect Colorado's Constitution opposition committee spent $1.5 million against the minimum wage increase, and HIPAC spent another $1.06 million.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-72" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[72]</a></sup> The Colorado Restaurant Association contributed $1.0 million to Respect Colorado's Constitution and $449,000 to HIPAC, making it the largest financial opponent to the minimum wage increase.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-73" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[73]</a></sup> Amendment 42 was passed by 53 percent of Colorado voters.<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_results_74-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-CNN_results-74" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[74]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><u>Arizona (2006)</u>: The NRA donated $170,000 to No on 202 Opposed to I-13-2006 (also known as Jobs First Against I-13-2006).<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-75" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[75]</a></sup> This committee spent $1.1 million in opposition to Arizona Proposition 202, a ballot initiative which increased the state minimum wage from $5.15 to $6.75 per hour, with an annual cost of living increase.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-76" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[76]</a></sup> Arizona voters approved the measure with 65 percent voting in favor.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-77" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[77]</a></sup> Other large donors to No on 202 Opposed to I-13-2006 included the <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=U.S.Chamber_of_Commerce" title="U.S. Chamber of Commerce" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Arizona Chamber of Commerce</a> ($121,000), Arizona Restaurant & Hospitality Association ($117,400), and <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Outback_Steakhouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Outback Steakhouse" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Outback Steakhouse</a> ($90,000).<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-78" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[78]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><u>Ohio (2006)</u>: The NRA contributed $100,000 to Ohioans to Protect Personal Privacy.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-79" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[79]</a></sup> This committee spent $1.8 million against 2006 Issue 2, which increased the minimum wage to $6.85 per hour and indexed it to inflation.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-80" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[80]</a></sup> The minimum wage increase passed with 56 percent of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_results_74-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-CNN_results-74" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[74]</a></sup> Other large donors to Ohioans to Protect Personal Privacy included the <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Federation_of_Independent_Business" title="National Federation of Independent Business" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">National Federation of Independent Business</a> ($245,000), Northeastern Ohio <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">McDonald's</a> Advertising Association ($107,000), <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Outback_Steakhouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Outback Steakhouse" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Outback Steakhouse</a> ($75,000), and <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Procter%26_Gamble" title="Procter & Gamble" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Procter & Gamble</a> ($75,000).<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-81" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[81]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><u>Nevada (2006)</u>: The NRA gave $50,000 to Nix 6 - Nevadans Against Question 6.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-82" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[82]</a></sup> Question 6 raised the Nevada minimum wage to $5.15 per hour if the employer provides health benefits or $6.15 per hour if the employer does not, with an annual cost of living adjustment.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-83" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[83]</a></sup> Nix 6 spent $361,325 to oppose the increase and was also funded by 7-Eleven ($45,250), <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Outback_Steakhouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Outback Steakhouse" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Outback Steakhouse</a> ($30,000), and Jack in the Box ($30,000).</font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><u>Missouri (2006)</u>: The NRA contributed $40,000 to Save Our State's Jobs, which campaigned against Missouri's Proposition B.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-84" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[84]</a></sup> Proposition B increased the state's minimum wage to $6.50 per hour and indexed it to inflation and was passed by 76 percent of voters.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-85" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[85]</a></sup> Save our State's Jobs raised a total of $149,900, with other large contributors including <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Outback_Steakhouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Outback Steakhouse" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Outback Steakhouse</a> ($30,000), <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Darden_Restaurants" title="Darden Restaurants" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Darden Restaurants</a> subsidiary GMRI ($25,000), and <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">McDonald's</a> of Metro St. Louis ($16,800).<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-86" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[86]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><u>Montana (2006)</u>: The NRA donated $20,000 to the Coalition Against Continual Price Increases: No on I-151.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-87" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[87]</a></sup> This group spent $99,715 against I-151,<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-88" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[88]</a></sup> which raised Montana's minimum wage from $5.15 per hour to $6.15 per hour and indexed it to inflation, and was approved by 73 percent of voters.<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_results_74-2" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-CNN_results-74" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[74]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><u>Florida (2004)</u>: The NRA contributed $300,000 to the Coalition to Save Florida Jobs, a business-funded group which opposed an increase to the state's minimum wage.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-89" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[89]</a></sup> The Coalition raised $4.1 million, with other large contributors including Publix Supermarkets ($500,000), <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Outback_Steakhouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Outback Steakhouse" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Outback Steakhouse</a> ($400,000), <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Darden_Restaurants" title="Darden Restaurants" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Darden Restaurants</a> subsidiary GMRI ($300,000), Florida Retail Federation ($160,000), Florida Restaurant Association ($110,000), Florida Chamber of Commerce ($100,425), <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Burger_King" title="Burger King" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Burger King</a> ($100,000), <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=CVS" class="mw-redirect" title="CVS" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">CVS</a> ($100,000), <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Walgreens" class="mw-redirect" title="Walgreens" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Walgreens</a> ($100,000), and the <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Walt_Disney_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Walt Disney Company" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Walt Disney Company</a> ($100,000).<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-90" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[90]</a></sup></font></li></ul><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Opposition_to_Nutrition_Labeling"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Opposition to Nutrition Labeling</font></span></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">In 2011, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) proposed regulations for national standards for nutrition labeling on menus.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-91" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[91]</a></sup> Restaurant food is often high saturated fats, trans fat, salt and calories.<sup id="cite_ref-profit_92-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-profit-92" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[92]</a></sup> The NRA has fought numerous efforts to introduce calorie and fat content labeling on restaurant menus, defeating thirteen nutrition-labeling bills introduced in eleven states and two cities (Washington, D.C. and Philadelphia).<sup id="cite_ref-profit_92-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-profit-92" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[92]</a></sup> To help in this effort, the NRA offered an "Obesity Issue Kit" that included model legislation, op-ed articles, talking points and other resources designed to assist states in passing legislation and to shield the industry.<sup id="cite_ref-profit_92-2" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-profit-92" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[92]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">In 2012, ALEC adopted a “model” act to preempt local governments from enacting nutrition labeling requirements. <sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-93" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[93]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">When New York State attempted to establish menu labeling requirements, the NRA sued the state government.<sup id="cite_ref-ROCU_8-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-ROCU-8" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[8]</a></sup></font></p><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span id="Public_Relations:Rick_Berman,and_Employment_Policies_Institute"><span class="mw-headline" id="Public_Relations:Rick_Berman.2C_and_Employment_Policies_Institute">Public Relations: Rick Berman, and Employment Policies Institute</span></span></font></h2><div class="thumb tright" style="clear: right; float: right; margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="thumbinner" style="min-width: 100px; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 202px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font><div class="thumbcaption" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; text-align: left;"><div class="magnify" style="float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=File:Rick_Berman200px.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="width" height="height" viewbox="%220" e="E" cg="Cg" id="%22smallbox%22" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%23000%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" d="%22M-1.499" h10.99v7.919h1.509z="h10.99v7.919H1.509z" h5.943v4.904h-5.943z="h5.943v4.904h-5.943z" c="C" g="g" display="display" block="block" text-indent="text-indent" px="px" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" overflow="overflow" hidden="hidden" user-select="user-select" none="none" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data" /></div><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=File:Rick_Berman200px.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="width" height="height" viewbox="%220" e="E" cg="Cg" id="%22smallbox%22" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%23000%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" d="%22M-1.499" h10.99v7.919h1.509z="h10.99v7.919H1.509z" h5.943v4.904h-5.943z="h5.943v4.904h-5.943z" c="C" g="g" display="display" block="block" text-indent="text-indent" px="px" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" overflow="overflow" hidden="hidden" user-select="user-select" none="none" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Rick Berman</font></a></div></div></div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=File:Rick_Berman200px.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="width" height="height" viewbox="%220" e="E" cg="Cg" id="%22smallbox%22" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%23000%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" d="%22M-1.499" h10.99v7.919h1.509z="h10.99v7.919H1.509z" h5.943v4.904h-5.943z="h5.943v4.904h-5.943z" c="C" g="g" display="display" block="block" text-indent="text-indent" px="px" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" overflow="overflow" hidden="hidden" user-select="user-select" none="none" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The NRA operates the National Restaurant Association Educational Foundation (NRAEF), which is set up as the association’s "educational arm."<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;" /></font></a><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-94" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[94]</a> In 2010, the NRA announced strategic partnership with <i>Nation's Restaurant News</i>, a restaurant industry trade publication.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-95" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[95]</a></sup> The NRN regularly carries articles on industry efforts to turn back paid sick days requirements,<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-96" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[96]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-97" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[97]</a></sup> minimum wage initiatives and legislation,<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-98" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[98]</a></sup> healthcare reform, and employee organizing rights.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-99" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[99]</a></sup> <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Richard_Berman" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Berman" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Richard Berman</a>, the prominent anti-union public relations operative who represents restaurant chains,<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-100" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[100]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-101" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[101]</a></sup> has written a column for years in <i>Nation's Restaurant News</i>.</font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Berman is also president and CEO of the <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Employment_Policies_Institute" title="Employment Policies Institute" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Employment Policies Institute</a> (EPI), which pushes NRA-favored policies like opposition to minimum wage increases and paid sick days. EPI is a Berman front group that writes articles in opposition to higher wages and paid sick leave nationwide, posing as an academic think tank. The <i>National Journal</i> has described EPI as "another new think tank with even closer ties to industry… started in 1992 by a group of restaurant companies that wanted an alternative source of research on labor issues." According to the <i>National Journal</i>, in 1995, EPI got "95% of its budget from corporate sources -- primarily restaurateurs and retailers."<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-102" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[102]</a></sup> EPI operates from the same address (1090 Vermont Ave. NW, Suite 800, Washington, D.C. 20005)<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-103" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[103]</a></sup> as <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Berman_and_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Berman and Company" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Berman and Company</a>, the PR firm Berman owns.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-104" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[104]</a></sup></font></p><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Other_Policies"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Other Policies</font></span></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">In addition to trying to block paid sick leave initiatives, the NRA's top advocacy issues have included repealing the <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=PPACA" title="PPACA" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Affordable Care Act</a>, fighting the Department of Labor's tip credit notification regulations,<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-105" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[105]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-106" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[106]</a></sup> and opposing Restaurant Opportunities Centers United (ROC-United), a national restaurant workers' organization headquartered in New York. A January 2014 meeting report provided to <i>Salon</i> revealed that the NRA's Jobs & Careers Committee and its Restaurant PAC both "recommended that the Restaurant Advocacy Fund provide $600,000 in additional support for the ongoing project to combat the tactics of the Restaurant Opportunities Centers, or ROC, and the new industry reputational campaign."<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-107" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[107]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">ROC United itself reported, "The NRA has also weighed in on regulations they think will affect their bottom line -- for example, they sought an exemption from the requirement that they provide adequate space in their restaurants for nursing mothers."<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-108" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[108]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">The NRA also opposes limitations on the marketing of junk food to children, and regulation of sodium, sugar, and trans-fats in processed foods.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-109" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[109]</a></sup> The NRA called New York City's legislative ban on trans fats in processed foods "misguided social engineering" despite the fact that the American Heart Association recommends that trans fat intake, which increases the risk of Type 2 diabetes and stroke, be limited to naturally occurring sources, leaving "virtually no room at all for industrially manufactured trans fats."<sup id="cite_ref-ROCU_8-2" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-ROCU-8" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[8]</a></sup></font></p><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Opposition_to_the_Affordable_Care_Act"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Opposition to the Affordable Care Act</font></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">The NRA has opposed the <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=PPACA" title="PPACA" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Affordable Care Act</a>, claiming in 2010 that it "would severely and negatively impact restaurants by weakening the small business exemption, increasing penalties on employers, and imposing onerous administrative burdens on the industry."<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-110" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[110]</a></sup> The NRA has often presented its arguments as a representative of small business owners. For example, its representative to a 2013 U.S. House of Representatives hearing on the ACA's effects on businesses, Tom Boucher, introduced himself as "an independent restauranteur" who got his start as a server with the company he now heads, Great NH Restaurants.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-111" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[111]</a></sup> Boucher's testimony concluded that "the law cannot stand as it is today given the challenges employers such as restaurant and foodservice operators face in implementing it," highlighting new taxes and reporting requirements as particularly onerous.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-112" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[112]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">In July 2014, the NRA pushed a bill that would end auto-enrollment for employees of large businesses, opposing auto-enrollment as too burdensome for employers. NRA co-signed a letter by the <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Retail_Industry_Leaders_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Retail Industry Leaders Association (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Retail Industry Leaders Association</a> advocating the change. NRA spokesperson Scott DeFife said, "As it stands, the auto-enrollment requirement will have damaging impacts on both restaurant owners and their employees -- leaving much misinterpretation for employees about their decision on coverage and creating additional administrative burdens for employers."<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-113" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[113]</a></sup></font></p><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Opposition_to_New_York_City_Soda_Regulation"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Opposition to New York City Soda Regulation</font></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">In September 2012, then-mayor of New York City Michael Bloomberg enacted rules setting a maximum size of 16 ounces for sweetened beverages like soda and flavored coffee drinks. Bloomberg presented the measure as part of an anti-obesity campaign, as the <i>New York Times</i> reported.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-114" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[114]</a></sup> The NRA opposed the "beverage ban," citing "customer confusion and operational difficulties" if the rules went into effect.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-115" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[115]</a></sup> The NRA joined a lawsuit against the regulation,<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-116" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[116]</a></sup> and in June 2014, it was struck down by the New York Court of Appeals. The NRA hailed the decision as "a victory for the city's restaurants and suppliers."<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-117" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[117]</a></sup></font></p><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Personnel"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Personnel</font></span></h2><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Dawn_Sweeney" title="Dawn Sweeney" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Dawn Sweeney</a> - President and CEO, formerly President and CEO of AARP Services, the taxable subsidiary of the AARP.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-118" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[118]</a></sup> According to the NRA 990 filings with the IRS, the organization paid Ms. Sweeney $2,098,003 million in total compensation in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-6" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Marvin Irby - CAO and CFO,<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-119" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[119]</a></sup> formerly with Shawmut Design & Construction, Walt Disney Word, and PepsiCo.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-120" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[120]</a></sup> According to the NRA 990 filings with the IRS, the organization paid Mr. Irby $691,899 in total compensation in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-7" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Scott DeFife - Executive Vice President for Policy & Government Affairs, formerly Government Affairs for the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association (SIFMA), former staffer for Congressman Steny Hoyer (D-MD), Congressman Bart Gordon (D-TN), Congresswoman Karen McCarthy (D-MO), and Congressman Mike Andrews.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-121" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[121]</a></sup> According to the NRA 990 filings with the IRS, the organization paid Mr. DeFife $729,121 in total compensation in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-8" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Sue Hensley - Senior Vice President of Public Affairs and Communications, formerly Chief Spokesperson of the Small Business Administration, Office of Public Affairs at the U.S. Department of Labor, and Spokesperson to Senator Tim Hutchinson (R-AR).<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-122" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[122]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">David Matthews - Executive Vice President and General Counsel, formerly senior vice president for technology and operations of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago and president and chief operating officer of RBC Mortgage Company.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-123" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[123]</a></sup> According to the NRA 990 filings with the IRS, the organization paid Mr. Matthews $407,323 in total compensation in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-9" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Peter Kilgore - General Counsel and Corporate Secretary. According to the NRA 990 filings with the IRS, the organization paid Mr. Kilgore $467,330 in total compensation in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-10" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Robert Gifford - Executive Vice President Philanthropic Initiatives. According to the NRA 990 filings with the IRS, the organization paid Mr. Gifford $541,912 in total compensation in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-11" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Mary Pat Heftman - Executive Vice President Convention and Strategic Alliances. According to the NRA 990 filings with the IRS, the organization paid Ms. Heftman $547,809 in total compensation in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-12" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">James Balada - Senior Vice President Innovation and Business Development. According to the NRA 990 filings with the IRS, the organization paid Mr. Balada $436,225 in total compensation in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-13" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Edward Beck - Chief Information Officer and Senior Vice President of Technology. According to the NRA 990 filings with the IRS, the organization paid Mr. Beck $305,626 in total compensation in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-14" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Dawn Cacciotti - Senior Vice President HR. According to the NRA 990 filings with the IRS, the organization paid Ms. Cacciotti $285,831 in total compensation in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-15" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Philip Kafarakis - Chief Innovation and Member Advancement Officer. According to the NRA 990 filings with the IRS, the organization paid Mr. Kafarakis $179,958 in total compensation in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-16" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Hudson Reihle - Senior Vice President Research and Knowledge. According to the NRA 990 filings with the IRS, the organization paid Mr. Reihle $341,477 in total compensation in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-17" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Susan Robusto - RVP Public Affairs and Communications. According to the NRA 990 filings with the IRS, the organization paid Ms. Robusto $325,879 in total compensation in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-18" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Angelo Amador - Vice President Labor and Workforce Policy. According to the NRA 990 filings with the IRS, the organization paid Mr. Amador $257,079 in total compensation in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-19" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Joan McGlockton - Vice President Industry Affairs and Food Policy. According to the NRA 990 filings with the IRS, the organization paid Ms. McGlockton $293,253 in total compensation in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_990_3-20" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-2013_990-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></li></ul><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Worker_Pay_Gap" style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="">Worker Pay Gap</font></span></h2></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">2012, the Economic Policy Institute released a report on the growing income inequality between company executives and their employees. From 1978 to 2011, worker annual compensation rose by just 5.7 percent while the annual income of CEOs over the same time period rose by 726.7 percent, more than 127 times the rate of income rise of workers.</span><sup id="cite_ref-EPI_report_124-0" class="reference" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-EPI_report-124" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[124]</a></sup></font></p><div class="thumb tright" style="clear: right; float: right; margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="thumbinner" style="min-width: 100px; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 518px;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=File:Chart.png" class="image" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><img alt="" src="https://www.sourcewatch.org/images/e/e8/Chart.png" decoding="async" width="516" height="409" class="thumbimage" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /></font></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; text-align: left;"><div class="magnify" style="float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=File:Chart.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="width" height="height" viewbox="%220" e="E" cg="Cg" id="%22smallbox%22" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%23000%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" d="%22M-1.499" h10.99v7.919h1.509z="h10.99v7.919H1.509z" h5.943v4.904h-5.943z="h5.943v4.904h-5.943z" c="C" g="g" display="display" block="block" text-indent="text-indent" px="px" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" overflow="overflow" hidden="hidden" user-select="user-select" none="none" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data" /></div><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=File:Chart.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="width" height="height" viewbox="%220" e="E" cg="Cg" id="%22smallbox%22" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%23000%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" d="%22M-1.499" h10.99v7.919h1.509z="h10.99v7.919H1.509z" h5.943v4.904h-5.943z="h5.943v4.904h-5.943z" c="C" g="g" display="display" block="block" text-indent="text-indent" px="px" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" overflow="overflow" hidden="hidden" user-select="user-select" none="none" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Source: National Employment Law Project, "Super-Sizing Public Costs - How Low Wages at Top Fast-Food Chains Leave Taxpayers Footing the Bill," October 2013<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;" /></font></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-125" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[125]</a></font></div></div></div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">According to estimates released by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in May 2014, the annual mean wage for waiters and bartenders was $21,640 and $22,620, respectively. Top pay in the industry is earned by chefs and head cooks at $45,880 (other cooks and food preparation workers made an annual mean wage of $22,310).<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-126" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[126]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Comparing these employee salaries to annual compensation of Dawn Sweeney, the CEO of the National Restaurant Association:</font></p><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">NRA CEO-to-waiter compensation equals 101-to-1
</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">NRA CEO-to-bartender compensation equals 97-to-1
</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">NRA CEO-to-chef compensation equals 45-to-1.</font></li></ul><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The following numbers are from the EPI 2012 report:<sup id="cite_ref-EPI_report_124-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-EPI_report-124" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[124]</a></sup></font></p><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">$660.5 billion: Restaurant-industry sales projected for 2013. (Approximately $709 billion today)</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">980,000: Number of restaurant locations in the United States.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">4%: Restaurant-industry sales share of the U.S. gross domestic product.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">$1.8 billion: Restaurant-industry sales on a typical day in 2013.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">13.1 million: Number of restaurant-industry employees.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">47%: Restaurant-industry share of the food dollar.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">93%: Percentage of eating and drinking places with fewer than 50 employees.</font></li></ul><h3 style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Public_Assistance_for_Restaurant_Employees" style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="">Public Assistance for Restaurant Employees</font></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Nearly 60 percent of the $700 billion restaurant industry's employees are low-wage workers, and over half of the nation's fast food workers relies on at least one form of public assistance, according to the <i>Kansas City Star'</i>s coverage of an Institute for Policy Studies report.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-127" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[127]</a></sup> The National Employment Law Project estimates that the public assistance provided to fast food workers costs taxpayers at least $3.8 billion a year, and taxpayers fund <b>McDonald's employees to the tune of $1.2 billion a year in public assistance.</b><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-128" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[128]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The Institute for Policy Studies' April 2014 study noted the huge disparity between pay of CEOs and employees, noting, "During the past two years, the CEOs of the 20 largest NRA members pocketed more than $662 million in fully deductible 'performance pay,' lowering their companies' IRS bills by an estimated $232 million. That would be enough to cover the cost of food stamps for more than 145,000 households for a year."<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-129" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[129]</a></sup> Sarah Anderson, a co-author of the study, said, "These restaurant CEOs aren't the only executives gorging on taxpayer-subsidized bonuses... But their pay practices deserve extra scrutiny because of the high social costs of this industry's low-wage model -- a model they're seeking to preserve by fighting minimum wage increases."<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-130" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[130]</a></sup></font></p><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="History_with_Tobacco" style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="">History with Tobacco</font></span></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">According to a study published in the <b style="">British Medical Journal,</b> the tobacco industry often used groups such as the NRA to act as fronts for tobacco interests.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-131" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[131]</a></sup> For instance, Philip Morris sent a letter to the NRA in 2000 regarding a program to create ventilated interiors instead of smoke-free restaurants. The letter mentions a $250,000 check from Philip Morris to the NRA.</span><sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-132" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">[</a><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-132" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">132]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">A search of the Legacy Tobacco Documents Library at the University of California-San Francisco finds over 6,000 documents that reference the NRA.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-133" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[133]</a></sup></font></p><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Herman_Cain_Controversies"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Herman Cain Controversies</font></span></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The NRA was led by <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Herman_Cain" title="Herman Cain" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Herman Cain</a> from 1996 to 1999. Controversies -- including charges of sexual harassment and overspending -- swirled about his tenure at the association when he ran for president in 2012. Cain alleged that the sexual harassment leaks were coming from an opponent in the race.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-134" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[134]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Yahoo_135-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-Yahoo-135" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[135]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Former employees told <i style="">Bloomberg News</i> that Cain's work-related outings involved heavy drinking, lavish spending, and large expenses, angering some board members.<sup id="cite_ref-Yahoo_135-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-Yahoo-135" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[135]</a></sup> The NRA released a statement confirming that they agreed to a settlement with one employee regarding allegations that Cain sexually harassed her</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-136" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[136]</a></sup></font></p><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); clear: both;"><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Member_Companies"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Member Companies</font></span></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">As of March 2015, NRA members include:<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association#cite_note-137" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[137]</a></sup></font></p><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); column-count: 3;"><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=7-Eleven" title="7-Eleven" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">7-Eleven</a>, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">AFC Enterprises dba Popeyes</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">All American Specialty Restaurants</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">American Food & Vending</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">AmRest Applebee's LLC</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Anthony's Coal Fire Pizza</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=ARAMARK_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="ARAMARK Corporation" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">ARAMARK Corporation</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Arby%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Arby's" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Arby's</a> Restaurants</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Arby's/U.S. Beef</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Beef O' Brady's Family Sports Concepts Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Benihana Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Bennigan's Franchising Co</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Big Boy Restaurants International</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Bloomin' Brands, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Bob Evans Farms, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Bojangles' Restaurants, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Boston Pizza Restaurants, LP</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Bravo/Brio Restaurant Group</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Brinker International</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Buffalo_Wild_Wings" title="Buffalo Wild Wings" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Buffalo Wild Wings</a>, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Buffalo Wings & Rings LLC</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Buffets, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Burger_King" title="Burger King" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Burger King</a> Corporation</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cajun Operating Company</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cameron Mitchell Restaurants</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Carlson Restaurants Worldwide TGI Friday's Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Centerplate</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Checkers Drive-In Restaurants, Inc</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Chick-fil-A, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Chipotle</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">CiCi Enterprises</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Compass_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Compass Group" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Compass Group</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Concessions International</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Connor Concepts Corporate Office The Chop House</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Corner Bakery Cafe</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cousins Submarines, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cracker Barrel Old Country Store, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">CraftWorks Restaurants and Breweries, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Culver Franchising System, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Darden_Restaurants" title="Darden Restaurants" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Darden Restaurants</a>, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Dave & Buster's</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Delaware North Companies, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Denny's</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Domino%27s_Pizza" title="Domino's Pizza" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Domino's Pizza</a>, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Donatos Pizza</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Dunkin' Brands, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The Dussin Group dba The Old Spaghetti Factory</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Einstein Noah Restaurant Group, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Elmer's Restaurants, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Emeril's Restaurant</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Famous Dave's of America</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Fired Up, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Firehouse Subs of America, LLC</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">First Watch Restaurants</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Focus Brands, Inc/Roark Capital Group</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Food Concepts International, Inc. dba Abuelo's Mexican Food Embassy</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Friendly's Ice Cream Corp.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Frisch's Restaurants, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Gosh Enterprises / Charley's Grilled Subs</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ground Round I.O.C.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Guest Services, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Hard Rock International, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The HBH Franchise Company, LLC HoneyBaked Ham Co. and Cafe</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Heart of America Restaurants & Inns</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">HMSHost</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Hooters of America, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Huddle House, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Hyatt_Hotels" title="Hyatt Hotels" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Hyatt Hotels</a> Corporate Office</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In The Sauce Brands, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In-N-Out Burger</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">International Dairy Queen</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Investors Management Corporation Golden Corral</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jackmont Hospitality, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jamba Juice Company</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Kolache Factory, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Krispy Kreme Doughnut Corporation</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The Krystal Company</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">La Rosa's, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Landry's Restaurants, Inc</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Le Duff America</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ledo Pizza System Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Lettuce Entertain You</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Little Caesar's Enterprises, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Logan's Roadhouse, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Long_John_Silver%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Long John Silver's" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Long John Silver's</a>, LLC</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Luby's Restaurants</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Macy's Food Division 1143</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Mainstreet Ventures, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Marriott_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Marriott International" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Marriott International</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Mazzio's Corporation</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">McCormick & Schmick Management</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">McDonald's</a> Corporation</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Melting Pot Restaurants</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Morton's of Chicago National Headquarters</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Mr. Goodcents Franchise Systems, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Noodles & Company</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Nordstrom Restaurant Division</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">O'Charley's, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Original Pancake House Franchising Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Panera, LLC</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Papa Gino's, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Papa John's International Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Papa Murphy's International, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Pappas Restaurants</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Perkins & Marie Callender's, Inc</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">PF Chang's China Bistro</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Phillips Food, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Piccadilly Cafeterias Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Pita Pit USA</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Pizza Fusion Holdings</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Plamondon Enterprises, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Platinum Corral, LLC</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Potbelly Sandwich Works</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Quaker Steak & Lube Best Wings USA Inc</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Quizno's Master LLC</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Raising Cane's</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Red Robin International</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Romacorp, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Rosati's Pizza</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ruby Tuesday, Inc</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Salsarita's Franchising, LLC</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Sbarro, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Select Restaurants, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Shari's Management Corporation</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Smashburger Master LLC</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Smith & Sons Foods, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Sodexo" title="Sodexo" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Sodexo</a>, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Sonic Industries, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Sonny's Real Pit Bar-B-Q</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Starbucks_Coffee_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Starbucks Coffee Company" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Starbucks Coffee Company</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Stockade Companies</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Subway" title="Subway" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Subway</a> Sandwiches and Salads</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Taco John's International, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Taco Mayo Franchise Sys., Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ted's Montana Grill LLC</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Texas Roadhouse</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Tilted Kilt Pub & Eatery</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Tim Hortons Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Uno Restaurant Corporation</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Valentino's</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Viad Corp</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Waffle House Corp</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Walt_Disney" class="mw-redirect" title="Walt Disney" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Walt Disney</a> World Company</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">We're Rolling Pretzel Company, WRPC, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Wendy%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Wendy's" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Wendy's</a> International</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Whataburger Restaurants, LP</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">White Castle System,Inc</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Wingstop Restaurants Inc</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Yum!_Brands" class="mw-redirect" title="Yum! Brands" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Yum! Brands</a>, Inc.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Zaxby's Franchising, Inc.</font></li></ul></div><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Articles_and_Resources"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Articles and Resources</font></span></h2><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Related_SourceWatch_Articles"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Related SourceWatch Articles</font></span></h3><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Paid_Sick_Leave" class="mw-redirect" title="Paid Sick Leave" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Paid Sick Leave</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Job_Creators_Network" title="Job Creators Network" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Job Creators Network</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=International_Franchise_Association" title="International Franchise Association" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">International Franchise Association</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association_Educational_Foundation" title="National Restaurant Association Educational Foundation" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">National Restaurant Association Educational Foundation</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Legislative_Exchange_Council" title="American Legislative Exchange Council" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">American Legislative Exchange Council</font></a></li></ul><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;"><span class="mw-headline" id="References"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">References</font></span></h3></div><div><span class="mw-headline"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">...</font></span></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></div></div></div></div>