Amoco

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</div><div><div></div><div>320 heated</div><div>...Exxon’s Universe of Energy Center was at Epcot from 1982 through 1996. That’s fascinating, because that’s the exact time span that Exxon went from researching climate change to explicitly denying it. (Exxon’s denial started in the late 80s and picked up steam throughout the 90s).</div>And this exhibit touting fossil fuels—which again, was to KIDS AT DISNEYWORLD—opened in the same year that Exxon’s manager of environmental affairs, M.B. Glaser, <a href="http://email.mg2.substack.com/c/eJwlkMuOgzAMRb-m2QXlAYUuspjN_AbKw0DUPJhghjJfPymVLEW-lnN9j9UIcy6nWvOGZN-gjN4p0d_Z48GIU63jQzcQv41TAYjaB4VlB7LuJnir0ed0LbS9JIsy8jHwrrv3TghmtQTTOS2MmKa-b91gyNtl1LvzkCwo-IVy5gQkqAVxvcmvm_iudRxHY4OP9bbJB9gam2OV4fXKKWbjQ234YxA0QswUM70mNOqkZ4iQkGqTd6Q2CzrXs9OSazIK0wQW6y7xSjDBmGQdl4zLtuENF3-6Xdq58J9by-Ismm03G2r7fLuTolaN0T65rNP5zeGSK4axvnFPHs8RkjYB3IcQfpBeifFcQSU4tgCIUD5ixSaZ4JyR6uRy_TOpBWpm9w-Rbosi" target="_blank" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=http://email.mg2.substack.com/c/eJwlkMuOgzAMRb-m2QXlAYUuspjN_AbKw0DUPJhghjJfPymVLEW-lnN9j9UIcy6nWvOGZN-gjN4p0d_Z48GIU63jQzcQv41TAYjaB4VlB7LuJnir0ed0LbS9JIsy8jHwrrv3TghmtQTTOS2MmKa-b91gyNtl1LvzkCwo-IVy5gQkqAVxvcmvm_iudRxHY4OP9bbJB9gam2OV4fXKKWbjQ234YxA0QswUM70mNOqkZ4iQkGqTd6Q2CzrXs9OSazIK0wQW6y7xSjDBmGQdl4zLtuENF3-6Xdq58J9by-Ismm03G2r7fLuTolaN0T65rNP5zeGSK4axvnFPHs8RkjYB3IcQfpBeifFcQSU4tgCIUD5ixSaZ4JyR6uRy_TOpBWpm9w-Rbosi&source=gmail&ust=1583612069753000&usg=AFQjCNGKI8xfvWanMygQMK9cAiqUAhv5Bw">sent a memo</a> out to company executives about the greenhouse effect. This memo noted that fossil fuel combustion, along with clearing of virgin forests, were the primary contributions to the warming trend.The memo added: “Our best estimate is that doubling of the current concentration could increase average global temperature by about 1.3 degrees celsius to 3.1 degrees celsius.”Despite that knowledge, the comics and Epcot center explicitly promote fossil fuels as a method of environmental conservation, noted Carroll Muffet, the president and CEO of the Center for International Environmental Law.“[Exxon] put out these in conjunction with Disney to teach kids about renewable energy and energy conservation and environmental concerns,” she said. “And it's perhaps unsurprising that what children learn from Mickey and Goofy about energy conservation and environmental concerns was we really need gas, we really need fracking, we win. Nuclear energy is fine. There are a lot of problems with wind and solar. It may work out eventually, but thank goodness for this bountiful resource of oil, gas and tar sands.”Exxon wasn’t the only one using comic books to reach the youths. In the 1970s, Amoco put out a wildly racist comic book about “The Mochans,” a “primitive” people who wanted to do unseemly things like use renewable energy. The comic was released as part of a study guide for 7th to 12th graders studying economics—which Amoco graciously provided 40,000 copies of to Indiana public schools. “The industry was teaching kids to be skeptical of regulation, skeptical of the agendas of environmentalists or people who were socially concerned, from their very earliest ages,” Muffett said, “and [they were] constantly emphasizing that anyone who talks about the environment, who talks about human health, should immediately be weighing that and defending it against the economic costs.” Sound familiar? It should. These are the same refrains the industry uses today in its various attempts to shape the minds of young people, both in schools and in the media. And it’s reflected in the way most political pundits seem to think about what’s possible for climate action. You want to preserve a livable world? Well, how much will it cost?Here’s one more example of the oil industry getting into teaching economics: Phillips’ Petroleum’s American Enterprise educational film series—hosted by none other than William Shatner. (I got my hands on the VHS but it hasn’t arrived yet—it’s taking forever!)The subtitle is: How Did this America, in its 200 Years on Independence, Become a Nation of Supermarkets, Stock Markets, Skyscrapers and Split Levels; A Country With the Greatest Economic Output in the World? ...<div></div></div>