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</font></div><div><div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="direction: ltr; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Dr. <b>Stephen A. Cambone</b>, who served since January 2001 as a senior aide to Secretary of Defense <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Donald_Rumsfeld" title="Donald Rumsfeld" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Donald Rumsfeld</a>and was appointed in March 2003 to a new <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/U.S.Department_of_Defense" title="U.S. Department of Defense" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">U.S. Department of Defense</a> intelligence office within the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Pentagon" title="Pentagon" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Pentagon</a>, the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Under_Secretary_of_Defense_for_Intelligence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence</a> (USD/I), has resigned and will leave office December 31, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://today.reuters.com/news/articlenews.aspx?type=politicsNews&storyID=2006-12-02T013825Z_01_N01372370_RTRUKOC_0_US-PENTAGON-CAMBONE.xml&WTmodLoc=NewsHome-C3-politicsNews-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">[1]</a></font></p><div id="toc" class="toc" style="border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 7px; display: table; zoom: 1; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249);"><div id="toctitle" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;">
</div><ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Stephen_A.Cambone#Background" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Background</span></font></a><ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Stephen_A.Cambone#Abu_Ghraib:Hiding_in_Plain_Sight" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">1.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Abu Ghraib: Hiding in Plain Sight</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Stephen_A.Cambone#Publications_by_Stephen_Cambone" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">1.2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Publications by Stephen Cambone</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Stephen_A.Cambone#SourceWatch_Resources" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">1.3</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">SourceWatch Resources</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Stephen_A.Cambone#External_links" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">1.4</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">External links</span></font></a></li></ul></li></ul></div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;" /><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170);" linux="Linux" libertine="Libertine" georgia="Georgia" times="Times" serif="serif" line-height="line-height"><span class="mw-headline" id="Background"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Background</font></span></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">According to his Department of Defense biographical note, Cambone was confirmed by the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=U.S.Senate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="U.S. Senate (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">U.S. Senate</a> as the Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence on March 7, 2003.</font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"Prior to March 7th, he was the Director, Program Analysis and Evaluation, Office of the Secretary of Defense. Dr. Cambone held that position since July 1st, 2002. On July 19th, 2001, he was confirmed by the U.S. Senate as the Principal Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy. He held that position until July 1st, 2002. Prior to that, he served as The Special Assistant to the Secretary and Deputy Secretary of Defense from January 2001 to July 2001," his biogrpahical note states.</font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"Dr. Cambone was the Staff Director for the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Commission_to_Assess_United_States_National_Security_Space_Management_and_Organization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Commission to Assess United States National Security Space Management and Organization (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Commission to Assess United States National Security Space Management and Organization</a> from July 2000 to January 2001. He was the Director of Research at the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Institute_for_National_Strategic_Studies" title="Institute for National Strategic Studies" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Institute for National Strategic Studies</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Defense_University" title="National Defense University" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">National Defense University</a> (INNS/NDU) from August 1998 to July 2000. Before that he was the Staff Director for the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Commission_to_Assess_the_Ballistic_Missile_Threat_to_the_United_States" title="Commission to Assess the Ballistic Missile Threat to the United States" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Commission to Assess the Ballistic Missile Threat to the United States</a> from January 1998 to July 1998; a Senior Fellow in Political-Military Studies at the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Center_for_Strategic_and_International_Studies" title="Center for Strategic and International Studies" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Center for Strategic and International Studies</a>(CSIS) from 1993 to 1998; the Director for Strategic Defense Policy in the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Office_of_the_Secretary_of_Defense" title="Office of the Secretary of Defense" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Office of the Secretary of Defense</a> from 1990 to 1993; the Deputy Director, Strategic Analysis, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/SRS_Technologies" title="SRS Technologies" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">SRS Technologies</a> (Washington Operations) from 1986 to 1990; and a Staff Member in the Office of the Director, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Los_Alamos_National_Laboratory" title="Los Alamos National Laboratory" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Los Alamos National Laboratory</a> from 1982 to 1986," his biographical note states.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.defenselink.mil/bios/cambone_bio.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">[2]</a></font></p><h3 style="background: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: none; line-height: 1.6;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Abu_Ghraib:Hiding_in_Plain_Sight"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Abu Ghraib: Hiding in Plain Sight</font></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">When the abuse of Iraqi prisoners at <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Abu_Ghraib" title="Abu Ghraib" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Abu Ghraib</a> was revealed, Cambone was central to the bureaucratic chain of command that oversaw the interrogations. The interrogations, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Jason_Vest" title="Jason Vest" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Jason Vest</a> wrote in <i>The Nation</i>, "were part of a highly classified <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Special_Access_Program" title="Special Access Program" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Special Access Program</a> (SAP) code-named Copper Green, authorized by Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld and ultimately overseen by Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence Stephen Cambone."<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.thenation.com/doc.mhtml?i=20040531&s=vest2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">[3]</a></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Writing in <i>Columbia Journalism Review</i>, Jason Vest noted that Cambone described his job as "exercising authority, direction and control" of all Pentagon intelligence and responsibility for all information to be "collected, analyzed, and distributed". <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.cjr.org/archives.asp?url=/03/4/cunningham.asp" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">[4]</a></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Vest noted that in written answers to questions put to him ahead of confirmation hearings he "wrote of the desirability of disseminating certain intelligence analysis 'without source attribution.' And he discussed how he would 'consult, and coordinate . . . to ensure DoD-related intelligence activity supports the goals' of Undersecretary of Defense for Policy <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Douglas_J.Feith" title="Douglas J. Feith" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Douglas J. Feith</a>, to whom he would 'ensure timely delivery of intelligence information.' (Critics call Feith's directorate the home of all manner of hidden and ideologically motivated efforts since <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/9/11" title="9/11" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">9/11</a>.)"</font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Seymour Hersh revealed that while Copper Green had started out in Afghanistan as using trained Special Operations personnel in Iraq it evolved use intelligence officers and other personnel not trained for the role. After the CIA withdrew from the program Cambone reportedly assigned Maj. Gen. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Geoffrey_Miller" title="Geoffrey Miller" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Geoffrey Miller</a>, the former Guantánamo Bay interrogations chief to oversee Iraq's prison system. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://newyorker.com/fact/content/?04052Some4fa_fact" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">[5]</a></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In a media briefing Camobone disclosed his detailed familiarity with the intelligence gathering operations in Iraq. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.defenselink.mil/transcripts/2003/tr20031121-0976.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">[6]</a></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Writing in the <i>Weekly Standard</i>, Tom Donnelly wrote "fairly or not, Cambone has long been viewed as Rumsfeld's henchman, almost universally loathed--but more important, feared--by the services. The message is that, this time, Rumsfeld will get what he wants."</font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The Washington Post reported that one Army general had joked that "if he had one round left in his revolver, he would take out Steve Cambone."<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/features/2001/0111.whoswho.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">[7]</a></font></p><h3 style="background: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: none; line-height: 1.6;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Publications_by_Stephen_Cambone"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Publications by Stephen Cambone</font></span></h3><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" a="A" csvg="Csvg" http="http" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="cx" cy="cy" r="r" fill="fill" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Kodak Moments, Inescapable Momentum, and the World Wide Web: Has the Infocomm Revolution Transformed Diplomacy? (McLean, Va.: Center for Information Strategy and Policy, Science Applications International Corporation, September 1996) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj98/win98/grundnts.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">[8]</a>.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Nato's Role in European Stability (Csis Report) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0892063246/osintelligenc-20?dev-t=D1Q38L6NCKQ2M6%26camp=2025%26link_code=sp1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">[9]</a>.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">A New Structure for National Security Policy Planning (Significant Issues Series, Vol 21 No 3) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0892063459/osintelligenc-20?dev-t=D1Q38L6NCKQ2M6%26camp=2025%26link_code=sp1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">[10]</a>.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Defense in the Late 1990s: Avoiding the Trainwreck (Csis Report) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0892063165/osintelligenc-20?dev-t=D1Q38L6NCKQ2M6%26camp=2025%26link_code=sp1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">[11]</a>.</font></li></ul><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Given the key role of digital photography in the Abu Ghraib scandal, the title of the 1996 publication 'Kodak Moments' by Cambone is more than a little ironic.</font></p><h3 style="background: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: none; line-height: 1.6;"><span class="mw-headline" id="SourceWatch_Resources"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">SourceWatch Resources</font></span></h3><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" a="A" csvg="Csvg" http="http" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="cx" cy="cy" r="r" fill="fill" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Abu_Ghraib:Accountability" title="Abu Ghraib: Accountability" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Abu Ghraib: Accountability</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Abu_Ghraib:Congressional_Investigation" title="Abu Ghraib: Congressional Investigation" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Abu Ghraib: Congressional Investigation</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Proactive_Preemptive_Operations_Group" title="Proactive Preemptive Operations Group" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Proactive Preemptive Operations Group</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Special_Operations_Command" title="Special Operations Command" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Special Operations Command</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Weapons_of_mass_destruction_investigation" title="Weapons of mass destruction investigation" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">weapons of mass destruction investigation</font></a></li></ul><h3 style="background: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: none; line-height: 1.6;"><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">External links</font></span></h3><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" a="A" csvg="Csvg" http="http" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="cx" cy="cy" r="r" fill="fill" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ceip.org/programs/npp/cambone.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Remarks of Steven Cambone</a>, Staff Director of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Rumsfeld_Commission" title="Rumsfeld Commission" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Rumsfeld Commission</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Carnegie_Endowment_for_International_Peace" title="Carnegie Endowment for International Peace" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Carnegie Endowment for International Peace</a>, September 17, 1998.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.foundingissues.com/archives/052003" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">A Conspiracy Theorist's Dream,</a>" <i>Founding Issues</i>, May 31, 2004. Includes a number of links to biographical material.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Tom Donnelly, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/001/593duxjw.asp" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">[12]</a>, <i><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Weekly_Standard" title="Weekly Standard" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Weekly Standard</a></i>, September 9, 2002</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Front_Page/FE25Aa02.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Rumsfeld's 'Henchman'</a>", <i>Asia Times</i>, May 25, 2004.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jason Vest, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenation.com/doc.mhtml?i=20040531&s=vest2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Implausible Denial II</a>", <i>The Nation</i>, May 17, 2004.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jason Vest, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cjr.org/archives.asp?url=/03/4/cunningham.asp" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">The Spymaster Gets a Pass</a>", <i>Columbian Journalism Review</i>, July/August 2003.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A17812-2004May11.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Transcript: Taguba, Cambone on Abu Ghraib Report</a>", <i>Washington Post</i>, May 11, 2004.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/features/2001/0111.whoswho.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Who's Who</a>" <i>Washington Post</i>, November 2001.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">R. Jeffrey Smith, "Knowledge of Abusive Tactics May Go Higher", <i>Washington Post</i>, May 16, 2004.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">John Barry, Michael Hirsh and Michael Isikoff, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/4989422/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">The Roots of Torture</a>",<i>Newsweek</i>, May 24, 2004.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jeffrey St. Clair, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://counterpunch.org/stclair02072006.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">"The Secret World of Stephen Cambone: Rumsfeld's Enforcer"</a>, <i>CounterPunch</i>, February, 7, 2006.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://today.reuters.com/news/articlenews.aspx?type=politicsNews&storyID=2006-12-02T013825Z_01_N01372370_RTRUKOC_0_US-PENTAGON-CAMBONE.xml&WTmodLoc=NewsHome-C3-politicsNews-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">"Senior Pentagon official Stephen Cambone to resign,"</a> Reuters, December 1, 2006.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Mike Sheehan, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rawstory.com/news/2006/Pentagon_intelligence_chief_to_resign_1201.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">"Rumsfeld's 'chief henchman' to step down,"</a> <i>The Raw Story</i>, December 1, 2006.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Elizabeth_de_la_Vega" title="Elizabeth de la Vega" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Elizabeth de la Vega</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://electroniciraq.net/news/2684.shtml" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Op-Ed: "The Indictment: United States v. George W. Bush et al.,"</a> <i>TomDispatch.com</i>(ElectronicIraq.net), December 1, 2006.</font></li></ul></div><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface" style="border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 5px; margin-top: 1em; clear: both; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249);"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Categories</a>: </font><ul style="list-style: none none; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0px; display: inline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: none; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0.25em; zoom: 1;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Category:Equivocator_of_Torture" title="Category:Equivocator of Torture" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Equivocator of Torture</a></font></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Category:Civil_liberties(U.S.)" title="Category:Civil liberties (U.S.)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Civil liberties (U.S.)</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">rww</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>Cambone is a controversial former Pentagon official who has been closely affiliated with hawkish foreign policy factions in U.S. politics.</b> The first-ever undersecretary of defense for intelligence—the “defense intelligence czar”—Cambone worked under Secretary of Defense Donald <b>Rumsfeld</b> to dramatically expand the military’s intelligence-gathering capabilities, including by loosening standards of detainee treatment during interrogations.[1]</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div><div>
</div><div>After leaving the Pentagon in 2006, Cambone became vice president for strategy at QinetiQ North America, a subsidiary of the United Kingdom-based defense contractor QinetiQ. <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Shortly into his tenure at QinetiQ, the firm was awarded a lucrative contract by a Pentagon office Cambone himself had created.[2]</span></div><div>
</div><div>Cambone served in his post at QinetiQ North America until 2012, when he began a fellowship at Villanova University’s Matthew J. Ryan Center.[3] In July 2012, <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Cambone raised eyebrows at an Aspen Security Forum event when he hailed the decision to go to war in Iraq as “one of the great strategic decisions of the first half of the 21st century, if it proves not to be the greatest.” Cambone credited the deeply unpopular war with precipitating “the aftershocks that you see flowing through the region, whether it be in Libya, or in Egypt, or now in Syria,” and suggested it could precipitate further democratic uprisings in the Gulf. At the same event, Cambone admitted that the alleged intelligence suggesting that Iraq possessed weapons of mass destruction was erroneous, but nonetheless argued that it “might not have been a mistake” to conclude otherwise at the time.[</span>4]</div><div>
</div><div>Noting the comparatively more circumspect attitudes toward the war among Bush administration veterans like Condoleezza Rice, Robert Gates, and Ryan Crocker, a reporter for Wired wrote that “Even among alumni of the Bush administration, [Cambone’s] unapologetic perspective is somewhat unusual.”[5]</div><div>
</div><div>In the Bush Administration</div><div>
</div><div>In 2003, Donald Rumsfeld appointed Cambone as the Pentagon’s first undersecretary of defense for intelligence, or the “defense intelligence czar.” The move sparked criticism among some analysts, who felt that the Pentagon was inappropriately expanding its range of activities. At the time, John Prados of the National Security Archive argued that the new position would "allow the Defense Department to consolidate its intelligence programs in a way that could undermine CIA head George Tenet's role."[6]</div><div>
</div><div>In his first three years as undersecretary, the New York Times reported that “Cambone and his deputy, <b>Lt. Gen. William G. Boykin,</b> a former commander of the Army's elite Delta Force, have carried out a wide-ranging restructuring of the Pentagon's sprawling intelligence bureaucracy.… In one of the boldest new missions, the Pentagon has sharply increased the number of clandestine teams of Defense Intelligence Agency personnel and Special Operations forces conducting secret counterterrorism missions in Iraq, Afghanistan and other foreign countries. Using a broad definition of its current authority to conduct ‘traditional military activities’ and ‘prepare the battlefield,’ the Pentagon has dispatched teams to gather information about potential foes well before any shooting starts.” Indicating Cambone’s role in revising interrogation guidelines, the paper also reported on Cambone’s advocacy of “a <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Pentagon proposal to have one set of interrogation techniques for enemy prisoners of war and another, presumably more coercive, set for the suspected terrorists imprisoned at Guantánamo Bay.”</span>[7]</div><div>
</div><div>The effort led to Cambone’s implication in detainee abuse scandals that followed. In early 2004, Cambone was the subject of a congressional inquiry into the Abu Ghraib prison abuse scandal. Under sharp questioning from senators in May 2004, he defended the Bush administration’s efforts to loosen interrogation guidelines. While acknowledging that he was responsible for instituting some changes in questioning techniques used in<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> Iraqi prisons, Cambone said that the changes did not lead to abuses.[8]</span></div><div>
</div><div>Shortly after Cambone’s testimony, however,<b> journalist Seymour Hersh</b> reported on several intelligence agents who seemed to contest Cambone’s claim about the impact of the changes. Wrote Hersh: “According to interviews with several past and present American intelligence officials, the Pentagon's operation, known inside the intelligence community by several code words, including Copper Green, encouraged physical coercion and sexual humiliation of Iraqi prisoners in an effort to generate more intelligence about the growing insurgency in Iraq.” Asked about Cambone’s and Rumsfeld’s defense of their interrogation policies during the Senate testimony, one unnamed senior CIA officer told Hersh: “Some people think you can bullshit anyone.”[9]</div><div>
</div><div>Even before his involvement in the prison abuse scandal, Cambone had become a target of criticism, in part because of his close relationship with Rumsfeld. Tom Donnelly, a writer based at the American Enterprise Institute, wrote in the Weekly Standard that, "fairly or not, Cambone has long been viewed as Rumsfeld's henchman, almost universally loathed—but more important, feared—by the services."[10] The Washington Monthly reported in late 2001:<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> "It would be hard to exaggerate how much Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld and his top aide Stephen Cambone were hated within the Pentagon prior to September 11. </span>Among other mistakes, Rumsfeld and Cambone foolishly excluded top civilian and military leaders when planning an overhaul of the military to meet new threats, thereby ensuring even greater bureaucratic resistance.” According to the magazine, “an Army general joked to a Hill staffer that 'if he had one round left in his revolver, he would take out Steve Cambone.' Cambone's reputation in the building hasn't improved much since Sept. 11, but Rumsfeld's has been transformed."[11]</div><div>
</div><div>Private Sector</div><div>
</div><div><b>Cambone served under Rumsfeld until December 2006, when he resigned shortly after his boss stepped down.</b> In November 2007, he became vice president for strategy of QinetiQ North America, a subsidiary of the United Kingdom-based defense contractor QinetiQ.[12]</div><div>
</div><div>QinetiQ was created in 2001, having evolved out of a research arm of the British Ministry of Defense (MOD) called the Defense Evaluation Research Agency. <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">After the MOD partially privatized the agency in 2001, the U.S.-based Carlyle Group purchased a large stake in the new company.[13]</span></div><div>
</div><div>In early 2008, two months after Cambone took the position at QinetiQ North America, it was awarded a lucrative contract by the Pentagon’s Counter-Intelligence Field Activity office (CIFA)—an office that Cambone had created while in the Bush administration. In a widely cited article for CorpWatch, investigative journalist Tim Shorrock reported that as part of the five-year, $30 million contract, QinetiQ’s Mission Solutions Group is to provide unspecified “security services.” Wrote Shorrock: “The new CIFA contract comes on the heels of a series of QinetiQ deals inked with the Pentagon in the booming new business of ‘network centric warfare’—the space-age, technology-driven intelligence and warfighting policies established by Rumsfeld and Cambone during their six-year tenures at the Pentagon. Other Cambone-pioneered programs that QinetiQ has won (before he went to work at their Crystal City offices that lie just two miles from the Pentagon) include<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> military drones and robots, low-flying satellites and jamming technologies.”[14</span>]</div><div>
</div><div>Steven Aftergood of the Federation of American Scientists’ Project on Government Secrecy told Shorrock that the deal reflected the “incestuous” relationships between government agencies and contractors. “It's unseemly,” said Aftergood, “and what's worse is that it has become normal.”</div><div>
</div><div>Policy Work and Advocacy</div><div>
</div><div><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Before joining the George W. Bush administration in 2001, Cambone collaborated with a number of hardline and neoconservative groups including the National Institute for Public Policy (NIPP) and the Project for the New American Century (PNAC), shaping policies that would later be championed by the administration after the 9/11 terrorist attacks.</span></div><div>
</div><div>A longtime proponent of missile defense programs, Cambone began his career as a policy expert at Los Alamos National Laboratory in the early 1980s. In 1986, he became the deputy director of strategic analysis for SRS Technologies, a defense contractor that regularly received lucrative contracts for a number of defense programs, including missile defense.[15]</div><div>
</div><div><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">After the election of George H.W. Bush, Cambone was appointed director of strategic defense policy, working under then-Defense Secretary Dick Cheney.</span>[16] According to one biography, Cambone’s position included promoting a host of strategic defense initiatives: "As Director of Strategic Defense Policy, [Cambone] was a major contributor to President [George H.W.] Bush's decision to refocus the SDI [Strategic Defense Initiative] program in 1991 and develop the concept for a global protection system. He was a member of the high-level group appointed by the president to discuss the global protection system with Russia, U.S. allies, and other states. In addition, he was responsible for addressing and resolving policy issues that arose in the compliance review group (DOD [Department of Defense] organization to oversee compliance with the ABM [Anti-Ballistic Missile] Treaty) and the strategic systems committee of the Defense Acquisition Board, which is responsible for approving DOD weapon system acquisition."[17]</div><div>
</div><div>During the Clinton presidency, Cambone worked as staff director on two commissions chaired by Rumsfeld, on missile defense and space weapons, both of which sparked criticism because of their controversial conclusions on U.S. strategic vulnerability to ballistic missiles and on space-based defense capabilities. (<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Also serving on the Rumsfeld commissions were Paul Wolfowitz, Malcolm Wallop, William Schneider Jr., and James Woolsey</span>.) In the tradition of Team B, the unstated agenda of these commissions appeared to be turning up pressure on the Clinton administration to support new weapons programs and substantially increase military spending.[18] Both commissions received funding from defense spending bills—in effect using taxpayer revenues to subsidize them. But given the backgrounds and connections of the individuals charged with overseeing the commissions, many observers at the time believed that their conclusions were preordained (for more information, see the Right Web Profiles: Rumsfeld Space Commissionand Rumsfeld Missile Commission).</div><div>
</div><div>While working for the commissions, Cambone participated in two study groups sponsored by PNAC and NIPP. NIPP's 2001 report, “Rationale and Requirements for Nuclear Forces and Arms Control,” and PNAC's “Rebuilding America's Defenses,” seem to have guided the defense policies of the George W. Bush administration with respect to nuclear policy, national security strategy, and military transformation.[19]</div></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">fluff?</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="direction: ltr;"><div class="mw-parser-output" style=""><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font face="Times New Roman" style="" size="4"><b style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Stephen A. Cambone</b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> (born June 22, 1952) was the first </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">United States</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Under_Secretary_of_Defense_for_Intelligence" title="Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">, a post created in March 2003. </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Cambone first came to the attention of the public at large during the testimony of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_General(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Major General (United States)" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Major General</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Taguba" title="Antonio Taguba" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Antonio Taguba</a> before the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.Senate_Armed_Services_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Senate Armed Services Committee" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">U.S. Senate Armed Services Committee</a>, where he disputed the General's statement that prison guards were under the effective control of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">military intelligence</a> personnel and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interrogator" class="mw-redirect" title="Interrogator" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">interrogators</a></span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_note-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_note-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[2]</a></sup><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>Cambone resigned at the beginning of 2007 </b>and was replaced by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Clapper" title="James Clapper" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">James R. Clapper, Jr.</a>, former head of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Agency" title="Defense Intelligence Agency" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Defense Intelligence Agency</a> (DIA) and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Geospatial-Intelligence_Agency" title="National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Talon_3-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_note-Talon-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup> Cambone was associated with the Project for the New American Century, participating in the study which resulted in the writing of the report Rebuilding America's Defenses.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_note-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_note-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[5]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_note-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[6]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_note-7" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[7]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Parmar_2008_46_8-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_note-Parmar_2008_46-8" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[8]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /><div id="toc" class="toc" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 7px; display: table; zoom: 1; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);"><div class="toctitle" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0.3em 0px; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#Early_life_and_career" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Early life and career</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#Under_Secretary_of_Defense_for_Intelligence" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#Books_by_Stephen_Cambone" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">3</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Books by Stephen Cambone</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#Reports_by_Stephen_Cambone" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">4</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Reports by Stephen Cambone</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#References" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">5</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">References</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#External_links" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">6</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">External links</span></font></a></li></ul></div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-headline" id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span></span></font></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Cambone graduated from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Catholic_University_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="The Catholic University of America" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The Catholic University of America</a> in 1973 with a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">B.A.</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_science" title="Political science" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">political science</a> and from the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claremont_Graduate_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Claremont Graduate School" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Claremont Graduate School</a>in 1977 and 1982 with an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_of_Arts" title="Master of Arts" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">M.A.</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph.D." class="mw-redirect" title="Ph.D." style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Ph.D.</a> respectively, both in political science. His numerous awards include the Secretary of Defense Award for Outstanding Service in 1993 and the Employee of the Year Award with SRS Technologies (Washington Operations) in 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-DoD-bio_9-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_note-DoD-bio-9" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[9]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Cambone was the Staff Director for the Commission to Assess United States National Security Space Management and Organization from July 2000 to January 2001. He was the Director of Research at the Institute for National Strategic Studies, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Defense_University" title="National Defense University" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">National Defense University</a> from August 1998 to July 2000. Before that he was the Staff Director for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_to_Assess_the_Ballistic_Missile_Threat_to_the_United_States" title="Commission to Assess the Ballistic Missile Threat to the United States" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Commission to Assess the Ballistic Missile Threat to the United States</a> from January 1998 to July 1998; a Senior Fellow in Political-Military Studies at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_for_Strategic_and_International_Studies" title="Center for Strategic and International Studies" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Center for Strategic and International Studies</a> (CSIS) from 1993 to 1998; the Director for Strategic Defense Policy in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_of_the_Secretary_of_Defense" title="Office of the Secretary of Defense" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Office of the Secretary of Defense</a> from 1990 to 1993; the Deputy Director, Strategic Analysis, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SRS_Technologies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SRS Technologies (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">SRS Technologies</a> (Washington Operations) from 1986 to 1990; and a Staff Member in the Office of the Director, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Alamos_National_Laboratory" title="Los Alamos National Laboratory" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Los Alamos National Laboratory</a> from 1982 to 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-DoD-bio_9-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_note-DoD-bio-9" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[9]</a></sup></font></p><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-headline" id="Under_Secretary_of_Defense_for_Intelligence">Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Cambone&action=edit§ion=2&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></font></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Cambone was confirmed by the United States Senate as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Under_Secretary_of_Defense_for_Intelligence" title="Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence</a> on March 7, 2003. Prior to March 7, he was the Director, Program Analysis and Evaluation, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_of_the_Secretary_of_Defense" title="Office of the Secretary of Defense" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Office of the Secretary of Defense</a>. Dr. Cambone held that position since July 1, 2002. On July 19, 2001, he was confirmed by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">United States Senate</a> as the Principal Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy. He held that position until July 1, 2002. Prior to that, he served as The Special Assistant to the Secretary of Defense and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deputy_Secretary_of_Defense" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Secretary of Defense" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Deputy Secretary of Defense</a> from January 2001 to July 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-DoD-bio_9-2" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_note-DoD-bio-9" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[9]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">In January 2001, as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W.Bush" title="George W. Bush" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">George W. Bush</a> prepared to take office, Cambone served on a panel for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear weapons" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">nuclear weapons</a> issues sponsored by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_for_Public_Policy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Institute for Public Policy (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">National Institute for Public Policy</a>, a conservative <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Think_tank" title="Think tank" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">think tank</a>. Other members of the panel included <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Hadley" title="Stephen Hadley" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Stephen Hadley</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Schneider,Jr." title="William Schneider, Jr." style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">William Schneider, Jr.</a>, and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Joseph" title="Robert Joseph" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Robert Joseph</a>. This panel advocated using <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tactical_nuclear_weapon" title="Tactical nuclear weapon" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">tactical nuclear weapons</a> as a standard part of the United States defense arsenal.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_note-10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[10]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Cambone resigned his post on December 31, 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_note-11" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[11]</a></sup></font></p><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-headline" id="Books_by_Stephen_Cambone">Books by Stephen Cambone</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Cambone&action=edit§ion=3&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Books by Stephen Cambone" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></font></h2><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(""); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" a="A" csvg="Csvg" http="http" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="cx" cy="cy" r="r" fill="fill" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><i>A New Structure for National Security Policy Planning.</i> Center for Strategic and International Studies, 1998. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89206-345-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-89206-345-9" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">0-89206-345-9</a>.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><i>NATO's Role in European Stability.</i> Center for Strategic and International Studies, 1995. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89206-324-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-89206-324-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">0-89206-324-6</a>.</font></li></ul><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-headline" id="Reports_by_Stephen_Cambone">Reports by Stephen Cambone</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span></span></font></h2><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(""); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" a="A" csvg="Csvg" http="http" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="cx" cy="cy" r="r" fill="fill" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><i>Defense in the Late 1990s: Avoiding the Trainwreck.</i> Center for Strategic and International Studies, 1995. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89206-316-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-89206-316-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">0-89206-316-5</a>.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><i>Organizing for security in Europe — What missions, what forces? Who leads, who pays?</i> Center for Strategic and International Studies, 1996.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><i>Kodak moments, inescapable momentum, and the World Wide Web: Has the infocomm revolution transformed diplomacy?</i> Mac Lean, Va.: The Center for Information Strategy and Policy, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_Applications_International_Corporation" title="Science Applications International Corporation" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Science Applications International Corporation</a>, 1996</font></li></ul><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Cambone&action=edit§ion=5&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: References" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></font></h2><div class="reflist" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; list-style-type: decimal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns" style="column-width: 30em;"><ol class="references" style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 3.2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: inherit;"><li id="cite_note-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_ref-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up</span></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A17812-2004May11.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">"Transcript : Taguba, Cambone on Abu Ghraib Report"</a>, <i>The Washington Post</i>, 11 May 2004.</span></font></li><li id="cite_note-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_ref-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up</span></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenation.com/doc/20040531/vest" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">"Implausible Denial"</a> by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason_Vest" title="Jason Vest" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Jason Vest</a>, <i>The Nation</i>, 31 May 2004.</span></font></li><li id="cite_note-Talon-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_ref-Talon_3-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up</span></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/04/24/AR2007042402540.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">"Pentagon To End Talon Data-Gathering Program"</a> By Walter Pincus, <i>The Washington Post</i>, 25 April 2007.</span></font></li><li id="cite_note-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_ref-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up</span></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t9_TPXLXEl8C&pg=PA139&lpg=PA139&dq=PNAC+Members,+George+W.+Bush&source=bl&ots=bMUB_WXFUm&sig=OUmLfsdKeo9pMMrekWaYlJDqFkQ&hl=ja&sa=X&ei=OmEFVd7REKegmQWd74KYBQ&ved=0CDwQ6AEwBTgU#v=onepage&q=PNAC%20Members%2C%20George%20W.%20Bush&f=false" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">[1]</a> A Faustian Foreign Policy from Woodrow Wilson to George W. Bush: Dreams of Perfectibility, Joan Hoff, Cambridge University Press, 2007, p. 139</span></font></li><li id="cite_note-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_ref-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up</span></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xCvQQ2ZCUIcC&pg=PA14&dq=%22Zakheim%22,+%22PNAC+%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=oAIFVciRG8O58gWsmIK4AQ&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBzgU#v=onepage&q=%22Zakheim%22%2C%20%22PNAC%20%22&f=false" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">[2]</a> The American Way of War: Guided Missiles, Misguided Men, and a Republic in Peril, Eugene Jarecki, Free Press, 2008</span></font></li><li id="cite_note-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_ref-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up</span></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qkhWBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA37&dq=%22stephen+cambone%22,+%22PNAC%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=HAYFVe_uKNHN8gWQ84C4AQ&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=%22stephen%20cambone%22%2C%20%22PNAC%22&f=false" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" word-wrap="word-wrap" break-word="break-word" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">https://books.google.com/books?id=qkhWBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA37&dq=%22stephen+cambone%22,+%22PNAC%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=HAYFVe_uKNHN8gWQ84C4AQ&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=%22stephen%20cambone%22%2C%20%22PNAC%22&f=false</a> US Foreign Policy and China: Bush’s First Term, By Guy Roberts, Routledge, 2014, p.37</span></font></li><li id="cite_note-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_ref-7" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up</span></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070808162833/http://newamericancentury.org/RebuildingAmericasDefenses.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url("");" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif="Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">[3]</a> PNAC, Rebuilding America's Defenses, 2000</span></font></li><li id="cite_note-Parmar_2008_46-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_ref-Parmar_2008_46_8-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up</span></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="Parmar" class="citation book" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Parmar, Inderjeet (2008). "Chapter 3: A Neo-Conservative-Dominated US Foreign Policy Establishment?". In Christie, Kenneth. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0K99yZP6De8C&pg=PA42&dq=%22Cambone%22,+%22Rebuilding+America%27s+Defenses%22&hl=ja&sa=X&ei=eTUQVb-0E4PbmAXv1YL4CQ&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=%22Cambone%22%2C%20%22Rebuilding%20America's%20Defenses%22&f=false" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data"><i>United State Foreign Policy and National Identity in the 21st Century</i></a>. Routledge. p. 42. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-57357-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-57357-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">978-0-415-57357-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStephen+Cambone&rft.atitle=Chapter+3%3A+A+Neo-Conservative-Dominated+US+Foreign+Policy+Establishment%3F&rft.aufirst=Inderjeet&rft.aulast=Parmar&rft.btitle=United+State+Foreign+Policy+and+National+Identity+in+the+21st+Century&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-415-57357-3&rft.pages=42&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0K99yZP6De8C%26pg%3DPA42%26dq%3D%2522Cambone%2522%2C%2B%2522Rebuilding%2BAmerica%2527s%2BDefenses%2522%26hl%3Dja%26sa%3DX%26ei%3DeTUQVb-0E4PbmAXv1YL4CQ%26ved%3D0CCsQ6AEwAg%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%2522Cambone%2522%252C%2520%2522Rebuilding%2520America%27s%2520Defenses%2522%26f%3Dfalse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-DoD-bio-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_ref-DoD-bio_9-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:</span><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_ref-DoD-bio_9-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_ref-DoD-bio_9-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929090326/http://www.defenselink.mil/bios/cambone_bio.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">"Biography - DR. STEPHEN A. CAMBONE"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defenselink.mil/bios/cambone_bio.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">the original</a> on Sep 29, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStephen+Cambone&rft.btitle=Biography+-+DR.+STEPHEN+A.+CAMBONE&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defenselink.mil%2Fbios%2Fcambone_bio.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> (Official DoD Biography)</span></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_ref-10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up</span></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seymour_Hersh" title="Seymour Hersh" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Hersh, Seymour</a> (17 April 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060417fa_fact" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">"The Iran Plans"</a>. <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The New Yorker</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStephen+Cambone&rft.atitle=The+Iran+Plans&rft.aufirst=Seymour&rft.aulast=Hersh&rft.date=2006-04-17&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Ffact%2Fcontent%2Farticles%2F060417fa_fact&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#cite_ref-11" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up</span></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defenselink.mil/releases/release.aspx?releaseid=10242" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">"Stephen A. Cambone to Resign"</a>. <i>Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Public Affairs) News Release</i>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.Department_of_Defense" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Defense" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">U.S. Department of Defense</a>. December 1, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2009-04-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStephen+Cambone&rft.atitle=Stephen+A.+Cambone+to+Resign&rft.date=2006-12-01&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Office+of+the+Assistant+Secretary+of+Defense+%28Public+Affairs%29+News+Release&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defenselink.mil%2Freleases%2Frelease.aspx%3Freleaseid%3D10242&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li></ol></div></div><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Cambone&action=edit§ion=6&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: External links" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></font></h2><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(""); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" a="A" csvg="Csvg" http="http" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="cx" cy="cy" r="r" fill="fill" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?stephencambone" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Appearances</a> on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">C-SPAN</a></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.centerforsecuritypolicy.org/1998/02/24/open-letter-to-the-president-4/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Committee for Peace and Security in the Gulf Open Letter to the President, 19 February 1998</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://frwebgate3.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/TEXTgate.cgi?WAISdocID=8507804314+1+1+0&WAISaction=retrieve" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Nominations Before the Senate Armed Services Committee, First Session, 108th Congress, February 27, 2003</font></a></li></ul><table class="wikitable succession-box" style="margin: 0.5em auto; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); border-collapse: collapse; clear: both; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3" style="border-width: 5px 1px 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(204, 204, 255) rgb(162, 169, 177) rgb(162, 169, 177); border-image: initial; padding: 0.2em 0.4em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(234, 236, 240);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Political offices</font></th></tr><tr style="text-align: center;"><td rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; width: 201.375px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Preceded by
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Office created</span></font></td><td rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; width: 272.375px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Under_Secretary_of_Defense_for_Intelligence" title="Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence</a></b>
2003–2006</font></td><td rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; width: 201.375px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Succeeded by
<span style="font-weight: bold;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_R.Clapper" class="mw-redirect" title="James R. Clapper" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">James R. Clapper</a></span></font></td></tr></tbody></table><table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="clear: right; float: right; margin: 4px 0px 4px 1em; box-sizing: border-box; width: 238px; line-height: 1.25em; border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249);"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image" style="border: none; padding: 2px 0px 2px 0.9em; text-align: center;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" width="30" height="40" class="noviewer" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" /></font></td><td class="mbox-text plainlist" style="border: none; padding: 0.25em 0.9em; width: 166.844px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Stephen_A.Cambone" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Stephen A. Cambone" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Stephen Cambone</a></b></i>.</font></td></tr></tbody></table><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="background: rgb(253, 253, 253); box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); width: 733px; clear: both; text-align: center; padding: 3px; margin: 1em auto 0px;"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="width: 725px; border-spacing: 0px; background: transparent;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; background: rgb(221, 221, 255); width: 99.375px;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Authority control</font></a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="line-height: 1.5em; border-color: rgb(253, 253, 253); background: transparent; 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padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.4; word-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f" style="">Jump to </span></font></span></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cambone#Under_Secretary_of_Defense_for_Intelligence" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer;"><b>Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence</b></a> - <span style="font-weight: bold;">Cambone</span> was confirmed by the United States ... the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence</span> on ...</font><div class="Tib" style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Missing: <s>sic</s></font></div></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="45" data-ved="0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQFQgtKAEwAQ"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; 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margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="52" data-ved="0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQFQg0KAIwAg"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/c/stephen_a_cambone/index.html?mcubz=3" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Stephen A Cambone News - The New York Times</font></a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv _SWb" style="height: 18px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><cite class="Rm" style="font-style: normal;">topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/.../c/stephen...cambone/index.html?...</cite></font><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; 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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.4; word-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Secretary of Defense Donald H. Rumsfeld and one of his top aides authorized ... and <span style="font-weight: bold;">Stephen</span> A.<span style="font-weight: bold;">Cambone</span>, the <span style="font-weight: bold;">undersecretary of defense for intelligence</span>, .... for the resignations of <span style="font-weight: bold;">six</span> high-ranking officials, including the secretary of defense, ...</font></span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="57" data-ved="0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQFQg5KAMwAw"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://www.historycommons.org/entity.jsp?entity=stephen_a.cambone" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Stephen A. Cambone - History Commons</font></a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv SWb" style="height: 18px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><cite class="Rm bc" style="font-style: normal;">www.historycommons.org › Entities</cite></font><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="Fmb ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=Stephen+Cambone+%5Bsic%5D%2C+the+Under-Secretary+of+Defense+for+Intelligence%2C&oq=Stephen+Cambone+%5Bsic%5D%2C+the+Under-Secretary+of+Defense+for+Intelligence%2C&aqs=chrome..69i57.2208j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b3" aria-label="Result details" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQ7B0IPDAD" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; height: 12px; line-height: 27px; margin: 1px 0px 2px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: none; user-select: none; background-image: none; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 0px 0px 0px; filter: none; width: 13px; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block;"><span class="mn-dwn-arw" style="border-color: rgb(0, 102, 33) transparent; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px 4px 0px; width: 0px; height: 0px; margin-left: 3px; top: 7.5px; margin-top: -4px; position: absolute; left: 0px;" /></a></font><div class="action-menu-panel ab_dropdown" role="menu" tabindex="-1" jsaction="keydown:m.hdke;mouseover:m.hdhne;mouseout:m.hdhue" data-ved="0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQqR8IPTAD" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: auto; top: 12px; z-index: 3; transition: opacity 0.218s; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 4px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /><ol style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></font></font></font></font></font></font><li class="action-menu-item ab_dropdownitem" role="menuitem" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:QHzsLWHXpnsJ:www.historycommons.org/entity.jsp%3Fentity%3Dstephen_a.cambone+&cd=4&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></li></ol></div></div></div><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:QHzsLWHXpnsJ:www.historycommons.org/entity.jsp%3Fentity%3Dstephen_a.cambone+&cd=4&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.4; word-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Special Assistant to the Secretary and Deputy Secretary of Defense Stephen ... and <span style="font-weight: bold;">Stephen Cambone</span>who becomes <span style="font-weight: bold;">undersecretary of defense for intelligence</span>. ..... Force human intelligence unit; and the Navy SEAL unit known as Team <span style="font-weight: bold;">Six</span>.</font></span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="63" data-ved="0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQFQg_KAQwBA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.thenation.com/article/implausible-denial/" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Implausible Denial | The Nation</font></a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv _SWb" style="height: 18px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><cite class="Rm" style="font-style: normal;">https://www.thenation.com/article/implausible-denial/</cite></font><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="Fmb ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=Stephen+Cambone+%5Bsic%5D%2C+the+Under-Secretary+of+Defense+for+Intelligence%2C&oq=Stephen+Cambone+%5Bsic%5D%2C+the+Under-Secretary+of+Defense+for+Intelligence%2C&aqs=chrome..69i57.2208j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b4" aria-label="Result details" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQ7B0IQTAE" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; height: 12px; line-height: 27px; margin: 1px 0px 2px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: none; user-select: none; background-image: none; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 0px 0px 0px; filter: none; width: 13px; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block;"><span class="mn-dwn-arw" style="border-color: rgb(0, 102, 33) transparent; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px 4px 0px; width: 0px; height: 0px; margin-left: 3px; top: 7.5px; margin-top: -4px; position: absolute; left: 0px;" /></a></font><div class="action-menu-panel ab_dropdown" role="menu" tabindex="-1" jsaction="keydown:m.hdke;mouseover:m.hdhne;mouseout:m.hdhue" data-ved="0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQqR8IQjAE" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: auto; top: 12px; z-index: 3; transition: opacity 0.218s; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 4px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /><ol style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></font></font></font></font></font></font><li class="action-menu-item ab_dropdownitem" role="menuitem" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:QtkK5acVNzIJ:https://www.thenation.com/article/implausible-denial/+&cd=5&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></li></ol></div></div></div><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:QtkK5acVNzIJ:https://www.thenation.com/article/implausible-denial/+&cd=5&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.4; word-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">... confirmation hearing–in the new Under Secretary himself, <span style="font-weight: bold;">Stephen Cambone</span>. ... (Cambone disputed the general's conclusion that military intelligence units ... The <span style="font-weight: bold;">Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence</span>, or OUSD(I) in Pentagonese, was ... appended to the memo shows a generic under secretary with <span style="font-weight: bold;">six</span> deputies,<wbr /> ...</font></span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="68" data-ved="0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQFQhEKAUwBQ"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:QtkK5acVNzIJ:https://www.thenation.com/article/implausible-denial/+&cd=5&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="ogd b w xsm" style="font-weight: bold; cursor: auto; margin: 0px 3px 0px 0px; float: left;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">[PDF]</font></span></a><a href="https://fas.org/irp/congress/2004_hr/071404cambone.pdf" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Statement of Stephen Cambone before the House Intelligence ...</font></a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv SWb" style="height: 18px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><cite class="Rm" style="font-style: normal;">https://fas.org/irp/congress/2004_hr/071404cambone.pdf</cite></font><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="Fmb ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=Stephen+Cambone+%5Bsic%5D%2C+the+Under-Secretary+of+Defense+for+Intelligence%2C&oq=Stephen+Cambone+%5Bsic%5D%2C+the+Under-Secretary+of+Defense+for+Intelligence%2C&aqs=chrome..69i57.2208j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b5" aria-label="Result details" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQ7B0IRjAF" style="border-radius: 0px; 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position: absolute; right: auto; top: 12px; z-index: 3; transition: opacity 0.218s; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 4px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /><ol style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></font></font></font></font></font></font><li class="action-menu-item ab_dropdownitem" role="menuitem" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:PStAgq0UTpgJ:https://fas.org/irp/congress/2004_hr/071404cambone.pdf+&cd=6&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></li></ol></div></div></div><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:PStAgq0UTpgJ:https://fas.org/irp/congress/2004_hr/071404cambone.pdf+&cd=6&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.4; word-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span style="font-weight: bold;">STEPHEN</span> A. <span style="font-weight: bold;">CAMBONE</span>. <span style="font-weight: bold;">UNDER SECRETARY OF DEFENSE FOR INTELLIGENCE</span>. BEFORE THE .... What GEN Hill sought were “counter-resistant [<wbr /><span style="font-weight: bold;">sic</span>].</font></span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="73" data-ved="0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQFQhJKAYwBg"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/news/2004/07/20/941/who-is-stephen-cambone/" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Who is Stephen Cambone? - Center for American Progress</font></a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv _SWb" style="height: 18px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><cite class="Rm" style="font-style: normal;">https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/news/.../who-is-stephen-cambone/</cite></font><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; 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padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:tcHRz7d6IqMJ:https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/news/2004/07/20/941/who-is-stephen-cambone/+&cd=7&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></li><li class="action-menu-item ab_dropdownitem" role="menuitem" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/news/2004/07/20/941/who-is-stephen-cambone/+Stephen+Cambone+%5Bsic%5D,+the+Under-Secretary+of+Defense+for+Intelligence,&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQHwhOMAY" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li></ol></div></div></div><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/news/2004/07/20/941/who-is-stephen-cambone/+Stephen+Cambone+%5Bsic%5D,+the+Under-Secretary+of+Defense+for+Intelligence,&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQHwhOMAY" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.4; word-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f" style="">Jul 20, 2004 - </span>As the nation's first ever <span style="font-weight: bold;">undersecretary of defense for intelligence</span>, <span style="font-weight: bold;">Cambone</span> wields vast power within the intelligence community; yet, his only ...</font></span></a><div class="Tib" style=""><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/news/2004/07/20/941/who-is-stephen-cambone/+Stephen+Cambone+%5Bsic%5D,+the+Under-Secretary+of+Defense+for+Intelligence,&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQHwhOMAY" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Missing: <s>sic</s></font></a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="81" data-ved="0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQ5wEIUSgHMAc"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qTnGl9nmNw8C&pg=PA181&lpg=PA181&dq=Stephen+Cambone+%5Bsic%5D,+the+Under-Secretary+of+Defense+for+Intelligence,&source=bl&ots=i-wvWq5RMd&sig=X4FIBn7bM9ooPi9loqCCJ9ge1dk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQ6AEIUjAH" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Spies for Hire: The Secret World of Intelligence Outsourcing</font></a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv SWb" style="height: 18px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><cite class="Rm" style="font-style: normal;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0743282248</font></cite></div><div class="slp f" style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Tim+Shorrock%22&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQ9AgIUzAH" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer;">Tim Shorrock</a> - 2008 - Law</font></div><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.4; word-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The Secret World of Intelligence Outsourcing Tim Shorrock ... for <span style="font-weight: bold;">Stephen Cambone</span>, who had been Rumsfeld's <span style="font-weight: bold;">undersecretary of defense for intelligence</span> ... which over a period of <span style="font-weight: bold;">six</span> years had compiled dossiers on thousands of U.S. citizens ...</font></span></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="84" data-ved="0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQ5wEIVCgIMAg"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fXeTAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT274&lpg=PT274&dq=Stephen+Cambone+%5Bsic%5D,+the+Under-Secretary+of+Defense+for+Intelligence,&source=bl&ots=bbMwYqu3Zj&sig=6htVbq_Qd6RnRbc7PV544zoBclc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQ6AEIVTAI" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Handbook of Intelligence Studies - Google Books Result</font></a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv SWb" style="height: 18px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><cite class="Rm" style="font-style: normal;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1135986878</font></cite></div><div class="slp f" style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Loch K. Johnson - 2007 - History</font></div><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.4; word-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Applied open source intelligence Intelligence must be able to tell us, down to ... have assets able to obtain and report the information within <span style="font-weight: bold;">six</span> hours of demand. ... When Dr <span style="font-weight: bold;">Stephen Cambone</span>, the<span style="font-weight: bold;">Undersecretary of Defense for Intelligence</span>, ...</font></span></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="86" data-ved="0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQFQhWKAkwCQ"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.texasobserver.org/2354-inheriting-a-shambles-at-defense-for-gates-fixing-iraq-is-just-a-start/" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Inheriting a Shambles at Defense - The Texas Observer</font></a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv SWb" style="height: 18px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><cite class="Rm" style="font-style: normal;">https://www.texasobserver.org/2354-inheriting-a-shambles-at-defense-for-gates-fixing...</cite></font><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="_Fmb ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=Stephen+Cambone+%5Bsic%5D%2C+the+Under-Secretary+of+Defense+for+Intelligence%2C&oq=Stephen+Cambone+%5Bsic%5D%2C+the+Under-Secretary+of+Defense+for+Intelligence%2C&aqs=chrome..69i57.2208j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b9" aria-label="Result details" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="0ahUKEwiT-Pfk16jWAhXEwlQKHcBaBtUQ7B0IWDAJ" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; height: 12px; line-height: 27px; margin: 1px 0px 2px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: none; user-select: none; background-image: none; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 0px 0px 0px; filter: none; width: 13px; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block;"><span class="mn-dwn-arw" style="border-color: rgb(0, 102, 33) transparent; 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padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:qfasadWOBeIJ:https://www.texasobserver.org/2354-inheriting-a-shambles-at-defense-for-gates-fixing-iraq-is-just-a-start/+&cd=10&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></li></ol></div></div></div><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:qfasadWOBeIJ:https://www.texasobserver.org/2354-inheriting-a-shambles-at-defense-for-gates-fixing-iraq-is-just-a-start/+&cd=10&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.4; word-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f" style="">Dec 1, 2006 - </span>Indeed, not one “military service or major defense component [can] pass the ... crony <span style="font-weight: bold;">Stephen Cambone</span>, the <span style="font-weight: bold;">undersecretary of defense for intelligence</span>, ... an all-<wbr />band antenna used to track aircraft, and <span style="font-weight: bold;">six</span> circuit cards used in ...</font></span></a></div></div></div></div></div><div><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:qfasadWOBeIJ:https://www.texasobserver.org/2354-inheriting-a-shambles-at-defense-for-gates-fixing-iraq-is-just-a-start/+&cd=10&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">=</font></a></div></div></div></div></div>