smil v

<div>=</div><div>ntbcw  v Klaus</div><div>=</div><div>https://www.aei.org/scholar/vaclav-smil/</div><div>
</div><div>=</div><div>If the United States were to try to generate all of the energy it uses withrenewables, 25 percent to 50 percent of its land would be required, according to thebest-available study. 95 SMIL BSBy contrast, today’s energy system requires just 0.5 percent ofland in the United States.96A Way ForwardHigh uncertainties over what will happen over the next 3 to 6 years, andrecognition of fundamental physical and economic realities, suggest a way forwardthat emphasizes expanded domestic oil and gas production in the short to mediumterm, and nuclear energy along with hydrogen production over the medium tolong-term, with the re-shoring of solar panel, wind turbine, and electric carmanufacturing and materials processing. Such a strategy will help determine whetherthe costs of solar, wind, and EVs can come down, or whether they are, for inherentlyphysical reasons, namely their low power densities and correspondingly high materialintensities, doomed to be too inefficient to substitute for fossil fuels.Given that the proximate cause of the global energy crisis was Europe'sover-dependence on Russian fuels, we must not repeat that same mistake bybecoming dependent on China for the extraction and processing of the mineralsneeded to make solar, wind, and batteries. It is highly unlikely that energy’s use oftotal global minerals will rise from 10-20 percent to 50-70 percent, with or without anenergy crisis, given the significant inflationary impact it would have on energy prices.96 Vaclav Smil, Power Density: A Key to Understanding Energy Sources and Uses (Cambridge,MA: The MIT Press, 2015), 247.95 Vaclav Smil, Power Density: A Key to Understanding Energy Sources and Uses (Cambridge,MA: The MIT Press, 2015), 247.</div><div>=interview [nb CA has had to raise goals b/c we met ez/fast]<a href="https://cleantechnica.com/2022/04/27/vaclav-smil-gets-real-on-climate-activism-part-1/">https://cleantechnica.com/2022/04/27/vaclav-smil-gets-real-on-climate-activism-part-1/</a>...He is skeptical there will be a rapid transition to clean energy, believing it will take much longer than many predict. He says, “I have never been wrong on these major energy and environmental issues because I have nothing to sell,” unlike many energy companies and politicians. In 2018, he noted that coal, oil, and natural gas still supply 90% of the world’s primary energy. Despite decades of growth in newer renewable energy technologies, the worldwide proportion of energy supplied by fossil fuels had increased since 2000.<p style="box-sizing: border-box; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; margin: 0px auto 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.55; max-width: 660px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">He emphasizes that “the greatest long-term challenge in the industrial sector will be to displace fossil carbon used in the production of primary iron, cement, ammonia and plastics,” which account for 15% of the total fossil fuel consumption globally. He favors reducing demand for fossil fuels through energy conservation and believes the price of energy should reflect its real costs, including greenhouse gas emissions.[Nothing could be closer to the truth. The real crime against humanity perpetrated by the fossil fuel industry has been convincing political leaders it should be exempt from one of the most basic principles of capitalism, which is that all costs of production must be accounted for.] Smil believes unchecked economic growth has to end and that humans should consume much fewer materials and less energy....=koonin blurb:William W. Hogan jfk sch harv Jean-Lou Chameau caltech emeritus BJorn Lomborg pres of cop consensus visit fellow hooverVaclav Smil dist emeritus manitoba=</div><div>=</div><div>~ blog:</div><div>
</div><div>http://www.getreallist.com/watts-up-vaclav-my-critique-of-vaclav-smil.html</div><div>
</div><div></div><div>Bill Gates recommends Energy Myths and Realities to “everyone who spends time working on energy issues.” Click here to read the full review.</div><div>
</div><div>Click here to purchase this book on Amazon </div><div>
</div><div>Myth: New energy sources and technical innovations will eliminate the need for fossil fuels within a few decades. </div><div>Reality: Comprehensive energy transitions take several generations.</div><div>
</div><div>Myth: Carbon sequestration is the solution to global climate change. </div><div>Reality: Because of its costs, technical challenges, and problems with social acceptance, carbon sequestration will not be able to prevent further substantial rise in carbon emissions.</div><div>
</div><div>Myth: Electric cars will replace conventional automobiles in the near future. </div><div>Reality: Electric cars are expensive, their adoption rate will be slow, and internal combustion engines will dominate the market for decades to come.</div><div>
</div><div>These are just a few of the misconceptions about the future of global energy often presented as fact by the media, politicians, business leaders, activists, and even scientists–wasting time and money and hampering the development of progressive energy policies. Energy Myths and Realities: Bringing Science to the Energy Policy Debate debunks the most common fallacies to make way for a constructive, scientific approach to the global energy challenge.</div><div>
</div><div>When will the world run out of oil? Should nuclear energy be adopted on a larger scale? Are ethanol and wind power viable sources of energy for the future? Vaclav Smil advises the public to be wary of exaggerated claims and impossible promises. The global energy transition will be prolonged and expensive—and hinges on the development of an extensive new infrastructure. Traditional energy sources and established energy conversions are persistent and adaptable enough to see the world through that transition.</div><div>
</div><div>Energy Myths and Realities brings a scientific perspective to an issue often dominated by groundless assertions, unfounded claims, and uncritical thinking. Before we can create sound energy policies for the future, we must renounce the popular myths that cloud our judgment and impede true progress.</div><div>
</div><div>Vaclav Smil is Distinguished Professor of Environment and Environmental Geography at the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg.</div><div>
</div><div>Praise for Energy Myths and Realities</div><div>
</div><div>“Energy is both a technical topic and a political one; all too often, the political claims and assertions get far more play than sober technical reality. In Energy Myths and Realities, Vaclav Smil does a brilliant job of examining the crazy quilt of claims and assertions about energy. With great wit and simple, clear arguments, he shows that most of the wild claims we hear–in all directions–have no basis in reality.”</div><div>
</div><div>–Nathan Myhrvold, CEO, Intellectual Ventures</div><div>
</div><div>“Vaclav Smil is a giant among energy scientists and historians. In this book, he explains why fossil fuels remain dominant, why it is so hard to scale up wind and solar technologies, and why nuclear power, despite having been over-hyped in the past, is one of our best hopes for meeting future energy needs and dealing with global warming.”</div><div>
</div><div>–Ted Nordhaus and Michael Shellenberger, co-authors of Break Through: From the Death of Environmentalism to the Politics of Possibility, and co-founders of Breakthrough Institute</div><div>“Investment opportunities into new energy sources and related conversion techniques are, at times, molded by preconceived ideas that can sometimes lead to excessively positive and unjustifiably enthusiastic expectations. By criticizing the assorted myths and misconceptions surrounding energy innovations, Vaclav Smil provides readers with refreshing insights which are often missing in today’s energy policy debates.”</div><div>
</div><div>–Philippe Rohner, Senior Investment Manager, Pictet Asset Management, Geneva, Switzerland</div><div>“Vaclav Smil is a master thinker about the master resource of energy. A multidisciplinarian, Smil combines basic economics, technological understanding, and historical insight to skewer false energy visions. Energy reality, he reminds us, is determined by the free marketplace, not by words or wishes.”</div><div>
</div><div>–Robert Bradley, founder and CEO, Institute for Energy Research</div><div></div><div>desmog</div><div>The key takeaway from President Obama's major climate change announcement this week was his intent to batten down on coal. But if history is any indication, the man Mr. Obama selected to run the Department of Energy may have different plans.

<a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/12247" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Ernest J. Moniz</a> has a long history of supporting coal-powered electricity, staking his arguments in favor of coal on a technology that remains entirely unproven: carbon capture and sequestration (CCS).

Mr. Moniz will be in a uniquely influential position when it comes to confronting these problems. President Obama announced that he would rely on executive agencies instead of Congress, so Mr. Moniz's Energy Department will play a crucial role in determining precisely how Obama’s strategy is administered.  

The day after Obama's speech, Moniz <a href="http://science.house.gov/sites/republicans.science.house.gov/files/documents/HHRG-113-SY-WState-EMoniz-20130617.pdf" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">told Congress</a>  “the President advocates an all-of-the-above energy strategy and I am very much in tune with this.”

What’s wrong with an all-of-the-above strategy? It extends reliance on fossil fuels, at a time when scientists warn that <a href="http://http//capitalinstitute.org/blog/big-choice-0" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">we can only burn</a> twenty percent of current reserves before the world tips past the crucial 2 degree Celsius point. Beyond <a href="http://www.livescience.com/10325-living-warmer-2-degrees-change-earth.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">two degrees</a>, some of the most devastating impacts of global warming will be felt. Keep in mind that, if all of the world’s coal is burned, global temperatures could rise by a jaw-dropping 15 degrees Celsius, a study published in the prestigious journal Nature last year <a href="http://m.ibtimes.co.uk/report-coal-natural-gas-more-harmful-environment-301797.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">concluded</a>.The stakes, when it comes to controlling American greenhouse gas emissions, are huge.In May, carbon dioxide levels in the Earth’s atmosphere reached <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2013/may/14/record-400ppm-co2-carbon-emissions" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">400 parts per million</a> – the highest level of carbon dioxide ever recorded in human history. Last year, the continental U.S. experienced its hottest year on record, and the NRDCestimates that climate-related disasters like crop loss, wildfires and floods <a href="http://www.propertycasualty360.com/2013/05/23/nrdc-insurers-running-from-climate-change-risks-in" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">cost the nation</a> roughly $140 billion last year alone, with much of the tab picked up by taxpayers.

Power plants are the single largest source of American carbon dioxide emissions, accounting for a third of the nation’s total greenhouse gasses. So focusing on power plants is key if emissions are to be reduced.Coal currently supplies about 40 percent of American electricity, according to <a href="http://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/index.cfm?page=electricity_in_the_united_states" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">EIA statistics</a>, down from fifty percent in 2005. Coal’s decline comes as natural gas from fracking (which has its own <a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/2013/06/25/obama-climate-plan-touts-fracking-transition-fuel-doubling-down-methane-risk" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">worrisome climate impacts</a>, measured in methane rather than carbon dioxide), wind and solar, have risen in their share of the U.S. electric portfolio. Since the beginning of 2010, <a href="http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/energy/2013/06/130625-obama-unveils-climate-change-strategy/" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">145 coal-fired power plants</a> announced plans to retire.But the Department of Energy is focused not on retiring more of these plants, pinning its hopes instead on developing new technologies to make coal cleaner. <a href="http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/ccs/index.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">The plan</a> in rough form, involves collecting carbon dioxide emitted by power plants and burying it, forever, underground.

If that sounds like a heck of a challenge, that’s because it is.

There’s not a single large commercially-operating carbon sequestration plant <a href="http://High%20quality%20global%20journalism%20requires%20investment.%20Please%20share%20this%20article%20with%20others%20using%20the%20link%20below,%20do%20not%20cut%20&%20paste%20the%20article.%20See%20our%20Ts&Cs%20and%20Copyright%20Policy%20for%20more%20detail.%20Email%20ftsales.support@ft.com%20to%20buy%20additional%20rights.%20http//www.ft.com/cms/s/0/8717b060-2fd3-11e2-891b-00144feabdc0.html#ixzz2XXCQyuHa The end result is that governments have committed $25bn globally to carbon capture projects in the last four years without managing to produce a single large commercially operating CCS power plant anywhere in the world." target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">anywhere in the world</a>.That's despite over $25 billion in government subsidies worldwide from 2008 to 2012.

Nevertheless, Mr. Moniz told Congress that “the Administration has already committed about $6 billion to [carbon capture and sequestration] demonstrations, and success of the forthcoming projects will be a critical step toward meeting the President’s climate goals.”

The $8 billion in total subsidies adds up to more than the wind and solar industries combined receive – and those are industries that have proven themselves to be commercially viable.

Undaunted, Moniz <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/28/us/politics/energy-secretary-optimistic-on-obamas-plan-to-reduce-emissions.html?r=0" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">told</a> The New York Times on Thursday that carbon capture and sequestration was a vital part of the country’s climate change strategy. He called for CCS to be commercialized first for coal-fired power plants. He added that natural gas’ carbon emissions, though half those of coal, are still too high to meet Obama’s long-term goal of slashing emissions 80 percent from 1990 levels by 2050 – so he called for the same speculative technology to resolve that problem as well.

The transition to an electric industry that captures its greenhouse gasses instead of releasing them into the atmosphere makes the challenges associated with developing renewables like wind and solar look easy in comparison.<div id="stcpDiv" style="font-family: " open="Open" sans="Sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" position="position" absolute="absolute" top="top" left="left">Professor Vaclav Smil, author of the “Energy Myths and Realities: Bringing Science to the Energy Policy Debate” - See more at: <a href="http://www.ecopedia.com/environment/will-carbon-sequestration-solve-climate-change/#sthash.tbFFsmF9.dpuf" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">http://www.ecopedia.com/environment/will-carbon-sequestration-solve-clim...</a></div>Professor Vaclav Smil, author of “Energy Myths and Realities: Bringing Science to the Energy Policy Debate” has <a href="http://www.ecopedia.com/environment/will-carbon-sequestration-solve-climate-change/" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">calculated</a> that to sequester just a fifth of current carbon dioxide emissions:<blockquote style="margin: 1.5em 30px; font-family: " open="Open" sans="Sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height">“… we would have to create an entirely new worldwide absorption-gathering-compression-transportation- storage industry whose annual throughput would have to be about 70 percent larger than the annual volume now handled by the global crude oil industry whose immense infrastructure of wells, pipelines, compressor stations and storages took generations to build.”</blockquote>Carbon capture is also grossly inefficient. “By some estimates, 40 percent of the energy generated has to go to the carbon capture and sequestration process,” Josh Galperin, associate director of the Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy, <a href="http://www.theverge.com/2013/6/25/4463116/president-obamas-plan-fix-climate-change-flawed-say-experts" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">said</a> after the climate strategy was released. DeSmog’s <a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/2013/06/26/obama-s-faith-carbon-capture-technicolor-dream" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Kevin Grandia describes</a> some further technical hurdles that carbon sequestration has yet to overcome.In a key indication of how shaky the science is behind carbon sequestration, not even the World Bank will fund it. Concerns about climate change led the Bank to restrict its financial support for coal projects except in “rare circumstances,” a draft strategy <a href="http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-06-26/world-bank-to-limit-coal-power-financing-to-rare-circumstances.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">leaked</a> to the press earlier this week indicates. In a glaring omission, the strategy says nothing about carbon capture and sequestration as an alternative.

None of this seems to matter to Mr. Moniz, whose support of the coal industry and faith in sequestration has been longstanding.</div><div>=</div><div>9 22</div><div><div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr" style="direction: ltr;"><div class="mw-parser-output" style="">Vaclav Smil (Czech pronunciation: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Czech" title="Help:IPA/Czech" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none !important;">[ˈvaːtslaf ˈsmɪl]</a>;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[1]</a> born 9 December 1943) is a Czech-Canadian scientist and policy analyst.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[2]</a> He is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distinguished_Professor" class="mw-redirect" title="Distinguished Professor" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Distinguished Professor</a> Emeritus<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a> in the Faculty of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_science" title="Environmental science" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Environment</a> at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Manitoba" title="University of Manitoba" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">University of Manitoba</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winnipeg,Manitoba" class="mw-redirect" title="Winnipeg, Manitoba" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Winnipeg, Manitoba</a>, Canada. His interdisciplinary research interests encompass a broad area of energy, environmental, food, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population" title="Population" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">population</a>, economic, historical and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_policy" title="Public policy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">public policy</a> studies. He has also applied these approaches to energy, food and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_governance_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental governance in China" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">environmental affairs of China</a>.<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading" style="background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 7px; display: table;"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="margin: 0px; position: absolute; opacity: 0; z-index: -1; display: none;" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr" style="text-align: center; direction: ltr;">
</div><ul style="list-style: none; margin: 0.3em 0px; padding: 0px;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#Early_life_and_education" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">1Early life and education</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#Career" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2Career</a><ul style="list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#Position_on_energy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.1Position on energy</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#Position_on_economic_growth" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.2Position on economic growth</a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#Reception" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">3Reception</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#Personal_life" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">4Personal life</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#Awards_and_honors" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">5Awards and honors</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#Publications" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">6Publications</a><ul style="list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#Books" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">6.1Books</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#Articles" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">6.2Articles</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#Filmography" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">6.3Filmography</a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#References" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">7References</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#External_links" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">8External links</a></li></ul></div><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">Early life and education[</h2>Smil was born during <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">WWII</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plze%C5%88" title="Plzeň" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Plzeň</a>, at that time in the German <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protectorate_of_Bohemia_and_Moravia" title="Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia</a> (present-day <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Czech Republic</a>).<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a> His father was a police officer and his mother a bookkeeper.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a> Growing up in a remote mountain town in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plze%C5%88_Region" title="Plzeň Region" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Plzeň Region</a>, Smil cut wood daily to keep the home heated. This provided an early lesson in energy efficiency and density.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a>Smil completed his undergraduate studies and began his graduate work (culminating in the RNDr., an intermediate graduate degree similar to the Anglo-American <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_of_Philosophy" title="Master of Philosophy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Master of Philosophy</a> credential, in 1965)<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-ProCon-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[5]</a> at the Faculty of Natural Sciences of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_University" title="Charles University" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Charles University</a> in Prague, where he took 35 classes a week, 10 months a year, for 5 years.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a> "They taught me nature, from geology to clouds," Smil said.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a> After graduation he refused to join the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_party" title="Communist party" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Communist party</a>, undermining his job prospects, though he found employment at a regional planning office.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a> He married Eva, who was studying to be a physician.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a> In 1969, following the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_invasion_of_Czechoslovakia" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia</a> and also Eva's graduation, the Smils emigrated to the United States, leaving the country months before a Soviet travel ban shut the borders.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a> "That was not a minor sacrifice, you know?" Smil says.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a> Smil then received his <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph.D." class="mw-redirect" title="Ph.D." style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Ph.D.</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography" title="Geography" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">geography</a> from the College of Earth and Mineral Sciences of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University" title="Pennsylvania State University" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Pennsylvania State University</a> in 1971.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-ProCon-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[5]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-bryce-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[6]</a><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">Career[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vaclav_Smil&action=edit&section=2&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Career" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">e</a></h2>In 1972, Smil took his first job offer at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Manitoba" title="University of Manitoba" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">University of Manitoba</a> where he remained for decades, until his retirement.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a> He taught introductory environmental science courses among other subjects dealing with energy, atmospheric change, China, population and economic development.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a><h3 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6;">Position on energy[</h3>Smil is skeptical that there will be a rapid transition to clean energy, believing it will take much longer than many predict.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a> Smil said "I have never been wrong on these major energy and environmental issues because I have nothing to sell," unlike many energy companies and politicians.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a>Smil noted in 2018 that coal, oil, and natural gas still supply 90% of the world's primary energy. Despite decades of growth in newer renewable energy technologies, the worldwide proportion of energy supplied by fossil fuels had increased since 2000.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a> He emphasizes that "the greatest long-term challenge in the industrial sector will be to displace fossil carbon used in the production of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pig_iron" title="Pig iron" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">primary iron</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">cement</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonia" title="Ammonia" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">ammonia</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic" title="Plastic" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">plastics</a>" which account for 15% of the total fossil fuel consumption globally.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-7" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[7]</a> Smil favours reducing demand for fossil fuels through <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_conservation" title="Energy conservation" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">energy conservation</a>, and calls for having the price of energy reflect its real costs including greenhouse gas emissions.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-8" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[8]</a><h3 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6;">Position on economic growth[</h3>Smil believes economic growth has to end, that all growth is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logistic_growth" class="mw-redirect" title="Logistic growth" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">logistic</a> rather than <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_growth" title="Exponential growth" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">exponential</a>, and that humans could consume much lower levels of materials and energy.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-9" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">[</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-9" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">9]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag.org-10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[10]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-11" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[11]</a><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">Reception[</h2>Included among Smil's admirers is Microsoft co-founder <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Gates" title="Bill Gates" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Bill Gates</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-12" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[12]</a> who has read all of Smil's 36 books.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-13" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[13]</a> "I wait for new Smil books the way some people wait for the next <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Star Wars</a> movie," Gates wrote in 2017.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a> "He's a slayer of bullshit," says <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Keith(scientist)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Keith (scientist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">David Keith</a>, an energy and climate scientist at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Harvard University</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">Personal life[</h2>His wife Eva is a physician<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a> and his son David is an organic synthetic chemist.He lives in a house with unusually thick insulation, grows some of his own food, and eats meat roughly once a week.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag.org-10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[10]</a> He reads 60 to 110 non-technical books a year and keeps a list of all books he has read since 1969. He "does not intend to have a cell phone ever."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-14" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[14]</a>Smil is known for being "intensely private", shunning the press while letting his books speak for themselves.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a> At the University of Manitoba, he only ever showed up at one faculty meeting (since the 1980s). The school accepted his reclusiveness so long as he kept teaching and publishing highly rated books.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">Awards and honors[</h2>He is a Fellow of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Society_of_Canada" title="Royal Society of Canada" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Royal Society of Canada</a> (Science Academy)<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-15" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[15]</a> and the recipient of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science" title="American Association for the Advancement of Science" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American Association for the Advancement of Science</a> Award for Public Understanding of Science and Technology in 2000.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-16" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[16]</a> In 2010, he was named by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Policy" title="Foreign Policy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Foreign Policy</a> magazine to its list of FP Top 100 Global Thinkers.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-fp-17" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[17]</a> In 2013, he was appointed by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Governor General of Canada" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Governor General</a> to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Canada" title="Order of Canada" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Order of Canada</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_note-18" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[18]</a> In the fall of 2013, he was the EADS Distinguished Visitor at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Academy_in_Berlin" title="American Academy in Berlin" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American Academy in Berlin</a>.He has been an invited speaker in more than 300 conferences and workshops in the US, Canada, Europe, Asia and Africa, has lectured at many universities in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America" title="North America" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">North America</a>, Europe and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">East Asia</a> and has worked as a consultant for many US, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">European Union</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_institution" class="mw-redirect" title="International institution" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">international institutions</a>.<h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">Publications[</h2><h3 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6;">Books[</h3><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.3em; column-count: 2;"><ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" px="px" em="em" padding="padding"><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2022 : How the World Really Works: A Scientist's Guide to Our Past, Present and Future. Viking/Penguin. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0241454398" title="Special:BookSources/978-0241454398" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">978-0241454398</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2021 : Grand Transitions: How the Modern World Was Made. Oxford University Press. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0241454398" title="Special:BookSources/978-0241454398" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">978-0241454398</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2020 : Numbers Don't Lie: 71 Things You Need To Know About The World. Penguin. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0241454411" title="Special:BookSources/978-0241454411" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">978-0241454411</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2019 : Growth: From Microorganisms to Megacities. The MIT Press. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0262042835" title="Special:BookSources/0262042835" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">0262042835</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2017 : Energy and Civilization: A History. The MIT Press. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0262035774" title="Special:BookSources/978-0262035774" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">978-0262035774</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2015 : Natural Gas: Fuel for the 21st Century. Wiley. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1119012863" title="Special:BookSources/978-1119012863" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">978-1119012863</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2015 : Power Density: A Key to Understanding Energy Sources and Uses. The MIT Press. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0262029148" title="Special:BookSources/978-0262029148" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">978-0262029148</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2013 : Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization. Wiley. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1119942535" title="Special:BookSources/978-1119942535" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">978-1119942535</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2013 : Made in the USA: The Rise and Retreat of American Manufacturing. The MIT Press. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0262019385" title="Special:BookSources/978-0262019385" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">978-0262019385</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2013 : Should We Eat Meat? Evolution and Consequences of Modern Carnivory. Wiley. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1118278727" title="Special:BookSources/978-1118278727" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">978-1118278727</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2013 : Harvesting the Biosphere; What We Have Taken from Nature. The MIT Press. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0262018562" title="Special:BookSources/978-0262018562" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">978-0262018562</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2012 : Japan’s Dietary Transition and Its Impacts. The MIT Press. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0313381775" title="Special:BookSources/978-0313381775" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">978-0313381775</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2010 : Prime Movers of Globalization: The History and Impact of Diesel Engines and Gas Turbines. The MIT Press. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0262014434" title="Special:BookSources/978-0262014434" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">978-0262014434</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2010 : Energy Myths and Realities: Bringing Science to the Energy Policy Debate. The AEI Press.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0844743288" title="Special:BookSources/978-0844743288" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">978-0844743288</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2010 : Energy Transitions: History, Requirements, Prospects. Praeger. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0313381775" title="Special:BookSources/978-0313381775" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">978-0313381775</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2010 : Why America Is Not a New Rome. MIT Press. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0262195935" title="Special:BookSources/978-0262195935" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">978-0262195935</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2008 : Global Catastrophes and Trends: The Next Fifty Years. The MIT Press. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0262195867" title="Special:BookSources/978-0262195867" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">978-0262195867</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2008 : Oil: A Beginner's Guide. Oneworld Publications. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1851685714" title="Special:BookSources/978-1851685714" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">978-1851685714</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2008 : Energy in Nature and Society: General Energetics of Complex Systems. The MIT Press.[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN missing</a>]</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2006 : Energy: A Beginner's Guide. Oneworld Publications. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1851684526" title="Special:BookSources/978-1851684526" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">978-1851684526</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2006 : Transforming the Twentieth Century: Technical Innovations and Their Consequences. Oxford University Press.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2005 : Creating the Twentieth Century: Technical Innovations of 1867–1914 and Their Lasting Impact. Oxford University Press.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2004 : China’s Past, China’s Future. RoutledgeCurzon.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2003 : Energy at the Crossroads: Global Perspectives and Uncertainties. The MIT Press.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2002 : The Earth's Biosphere: Evolution, Dynamics and Change. The MIT Press.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2001 : Enriching the Earth: Fritz Haber, Carl Bosch and the Transformation of World Food Production. The MIT Press.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2000 : Feeding the World: A Challenge for the 21st Century. The MIT Press.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">2000 : Cycles of Life: Civilization and the Biosphere. Scientific American Library.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">1998 : Energies: An Illustrated Guide to the Biosphere and Civilization. The MIT Press.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">1994 : Energy in World History. Westview Press.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">1993 : China's Environment: An Inquiry into the Limits of National Development. M. E. Sharpe. Winner of the 1995 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Levenson_Book_Prize" title="Joseph Levenson Book Prize" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Joseph Levenson Book Prize</a>.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">1993 : Global Ecology: Environmental Change and Social Flexibility. Routledge.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">1991 : General Energetics: Energy in the Biosphere and Civilization. Wiley.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">1988 : Energy in China's Modernization. M.E. Sharpe.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">1987 : Energy Food Environment: Realities Myths Options. Oxford University Press.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">1985 : Carbon Nitrogen Sulfur: Human Interference in Grand Biospheric Cycles. Plenum Press.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">1984 : The Bad Earth: Environmental Degradation in China. M.E. Sharpe.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">1983 : Biomass Energies: Resources, Links, Constraints. Plenum Press.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">1982 : (in collaboration with P. Nachman and T. V. Long, II). Energy Analysis in Agriculture: An Application to U.S. Corn Production. Westview Press.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">1980 : (in collaboration with W. E. Knowland). Energy in the Developing World. Oxford University Press.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">1976 : China's Energy: Achievements, Problems, Prospects. Praeger.</li></ul></div><h3 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6;">Articles[</h3><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.3em; column-count: 2;"><ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" px="px" em="em" padding="padding"><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inference-review.com/article/good-eats" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">Good Eats</a>". Inference, vol. 5, no. 1 (December 12, 2019)</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/aerospace/satellites/sputnik-at-60" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">Sputnik at 60</a>". IEEE Spectrum, September 26, 2017.</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/energy/renewables/a-skeptic-looks-at-alternative-energy/" style="background: url(" text-decoration-line="text-decoration-line" none="none" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">A </a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/energy/renewables/a-skeptic-looks-at-alternative-energy/" style="background-image: url(" background-position="background-position" initial="initial" background-size="background-size" background-repeat="background-repeat" background-attachment="background-attachment" background-origin="background-origin" background-clip="background-clip" text-decoration-line="text-decoration-line" none="none" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">Skeptic Looks at Alternative Energy</a>". IEEE Spectrum, July 2012.</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"Energy innovation as a process: Lessons from LNG". Master Resource: A Free-Market Energy Blog, January 11, 2010.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"Two decades later: Nikkei and lessons from the fall". The American, December 29, 2009.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"The Iron Age & coal-based coke: A neglected case of fossil-fuel dependence". Master Resource: A Free-Market Energy Blog, September 17, 2009.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"U.S. energy policy: The need for radical departures". Issues in Science and Technology, Summer 2009:47–50.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"Long-range energy forecasts are no more than fairy tales". Nature 453:154 (2008).</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"Moore's curse and the great energy delusion". The American 2(6): 34–41 (2008).</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"Water news: bad, good and virtual". <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Scientist" title="American Scientist" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American Scientist</a>, 96:399–407 (2008).</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"On meat, fish and statistics: The global food regime and animal consumption in the United States and Japan". Japan Focus, October 19, 2008.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">James N. Galloway, Marshall Burke, G. Eric Bradford, Rosamond Naylor, Walter Falcon, Ashok K. Chapagain, Joanne C. Gaskell, Ellen McCullough, Harold A. Mooney, Kirsten L. L. Oleson, Henning Steinfeld, Tom Wassenaar and Vaclav Smil. "International trade in meat: The tip of the pork chop". Ambio 36:622–629 (2007).</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"The two prime movers of globalization: history and impact of diesel engines and gas turbines". <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_Global_History" title="Journal of Global History" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Journal of Global History</a>, 3:373–394 (2007).</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"Global material cycles". <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Earth" title="Encyclopedia of Earth" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Encyclopedia of Earth</a>, June 2, 2007.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"The unprecedented shift in Japan's population: Numbers, age, and prospects". Japan Focus, May 1, 2007.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"Light behind the fall: Japan's electricity consumption, the environment, and economic growth". Japan Focus, April 2, 2007.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oecdobserver.org/news/fullstory.php/aid/2083/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">21st century energy: Some sobering thoughts</a>". OECD Observer, 2006.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"Peak oil: A catastrophist cult and complex realities". World Watch 19: 22–24 (2006).</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">Naylor, R., Steinfeld, H., Falcon, W., Galloway, J., Smil, V., Bradford, E., Alder, J., Mooney, H. "Losing the links between livestock and land". <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science(journal)" title="Science (journal)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Science</a> 310:1621–1622.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"The next 50 years: Unfolding trends:. Population and Development Review, 31: 605–643 (2005).</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"Feeding the world: How much more rice do we need?" In: Toriyama K., Heong K.L., Hardy B., eds. Rice is life: scientific perspectives for the 21st century. Proceedings of the World Rice Research Conference held in Tokyo and Tsukuba, Japan, November 4–7, 2004. Los Baños (Philippines): <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Rice_Research_Institute" title="International Rice Research Institute" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">International Rice Research Institute</a>, pp. 21–23.</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"The next 50 Years: Fatal discontinuities". Population and Development Review, 31: 201–236 (2005).</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">"Improving efficiency and reducing waste in our food system". <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental Sciences" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Environmental Sciences</a>, 1:17–26 (2004).</li></ul></div><h3 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6;">Filmography[</h3><ul style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" em="em" px="px" padding="padding"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surviving_Progress" title="Surviving Progress" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Surviving Progress</a>, a 2011 Canadian documentary in which Smil appears</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inside_Bill%27s_Brain:Decoding_Bill_Gates" title="Inside Bill's Brain: Decoding Bill Gates" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Inside Bill's Brain: Decoding Bill Gates</a>, a 2019 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netflix" title="Netflix" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Netflix</a> Documentary in which Smil appears</li></ul><div>{{The film is structured as a series of interviews, interspersed with footage from all over the world. The film is said to be "inspired by" Wright's lectures:<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surviving_Progress#cite_note-pressrel-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[2]</a> Unlike the book, which focused on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cradle_of_civilization" title="Cradle of civilization" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">ancient civilizations</a>, the film focuses on the present-day impact of civilization, including the impact of concentrated wealth.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surviving_Progress#cite_note-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[4]</a> The underlying message here is that current models and strategies of economic growth have no practical connections with the real world. That is to say, the lack of an ethical underpinning in modern global economic practices is directly responsible for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overconsumption" title="Overconsumption" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">overconsumption</a> and exploitation of natural resources to the extent that the increasingly more probable future population collapse would take modern society right along with it.</div><h2 style="margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Interviewees[</h2><div class="div-col" style="margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 25em; min-width: min(25em, 100%);"><ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" px="px" em="em" padding="padding"><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Wright" title="Ronald Wright" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Ronald Wright</a> ... Author, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Short_History_of_Progress" title="A Short History of Progress" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">A Short History of Progress</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://china.lbl.gov/staff/mark-levine" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">Mark D. Levine </a>... Group Leader, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=China_Energy_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="China Energy Group (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">China Energy Group</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Wright(journalist)" title="Robert Wright (journalist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Robert Wright</a> ... Author, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonzero:The_Logic_of_Human_Destiny" title="Nonzero: The Logic of Human Destiny" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Nonzero: The Logic of Human Destiny</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marina_Silva" title="Marina Silva" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Marina Silva</a> ... Former <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Ministers_of_Natural_Environment_of_Brazil" title="List of Ministers of Natural Environment of Brazil" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Brazilian Minister of the Environment</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kambale_Musavuli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kambale Musavuli (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Kambale Musavuli</a> ... Friends of the Congo</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil" title="Vaclav Smil" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Vaclav Smil</a> ... Population Scientist/author, Global Catastrophies and Trends (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0262195860" title="Special:BookSources/0262195860" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">0262195860</a>)</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colin_Beavan" title="Colin Beavan" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Colin Beavan</a> ... Engineer/author</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Hudson(economist)" title="Michael Hudson (economist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Michael Hudson</a> ... Economic historian</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Goodall" title="Jane Goodall" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Jane Goodall</a> ... Primatologist</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">Ming Chen ... Self Driving Club Tour Guide</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">Changnian Chen ... Professor/father of Ming Chen</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craig_Venter" title="Craig Venter" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Craig Venter</a> ... Biologist/CEO of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_Genomics" class="mw-redirect" title="Synthetic Genomics" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Synthetic Genomics</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">Raquel Taitson-Queiroz ... Environmental police officer, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_Institute_of_Environment_and_Renewable_Natural_Resources" title="Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_Marcus" title="Gary Marcus" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Gary Marcus</a> ... Cognitive psychologist/author, The Birth of the Mind (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0465044050" title="Special:BookSources/0465044050" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">0465044050</a>)</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">Daniel Povinelli ... Behavioral scientist</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Victor_Gau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Victor Gau (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Victor Gau</a> ... Director, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">China National Association of International Studies</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Atwood" title="Margaret Atwood" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Margaret </a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Atwood" title="Margaret Atwood" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Atwood</a> ... Author, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payback:Debt_and_the_Shadow_Side_of_Wealth" title="Payback: Debt and the Shadow Side of Wealth" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Payback: Debt and the Shadow Side of Wealth</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thomas(activist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jim Thomas (activist) (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Jim Thomas</a> ... Activist, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ETC_Group(AGETC)" class="mw-redirect" title="ETC Group (AGETC)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ETC Group</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Johnson(economist)" title="Simon Johnson (economist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Simon Johnson</a> ... Former Chief Economist, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">International Monetary Fund</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">Enio Beata ... Sawmill owner</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Suzuki" title="David Suzuki" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">David Suzuki</a>... Geneticist/activist}}</li></ul></div><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">References[</h2><div class="reflist" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.5em; list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns" style="column-width: 30em; margin-top: 0.3em;"><ol class="references" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 3.2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-parent 0 list-item 0; list-style-type: inherit;"><li id="cite_note-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-1" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PF4tQEl8uY4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">Bill Gates Notes: Vaclav Smil on his book, "Making the Modern World" – June 12, 2014</a></li><li id="cite_note-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-2" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.vaclavsmil.com/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" overflow-wrap="overflow-wrap" break-word="break-word">http://www.vaclavsmil.com/</a> Official Site of Vaclav Smil</li><li id="cite_note-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-3" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/environment/departments/geography/staff/486.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">University of Manitoba: Faculty of Environment</a></li><li id="cite_note-sciencemag-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">b</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">c</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">d</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">e</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">f</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">g</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-7" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">h</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-8" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">i</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-9" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">j</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">k</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-11" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">l</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-12" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">m</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-13" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">n</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-14" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">o</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-15" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">p</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-16" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">q</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-17" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">r</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-18" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">s</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag_4-19" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">t</a> <cite id="CITEREFPaul_Voosen2018" class="citation journal cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Paul Voosen (March 23, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.359.6382.1320" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">"The Realist"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Science Magazine" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Science Magazine</a>. 359 (6382): 1320–1324. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibcode(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018Sci...359.1320V" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">2018Sci...359.1320V</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.359.6382.1320" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">10.1126/science.359.6382.1320</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PMID(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29567690" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">29567690</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180322234243/http://science.sciencemag.org/content/359/6382/1320.full" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-03-22. Retrieved March 24, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Realist&rft.volume=359&rft.issue=6382&rft.pages=1320-1324&rft.date=2018-03-23&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29567690&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.359.6382.1320&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2018Sci...359.1320V&rft.au=Paul+Voosen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.science.org%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.1126%2Fscience.359.6382.1320&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVaclav+Smil" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-ProCon-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-ProCon_5-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-ProCon_5-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">b</a> <cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vegetarian.procon.org/source-biographies/vaclav-smil/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">"Vaclav Smil, PhD Biography"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ProCon.org" title="ProCon.org" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ProCon.org</a>. Encyclopaedia Britannica. May 5, 2017. Retrieved May 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ProCon.org&rft.atitle=Vaclav+Smil%2C+PhD+Biography&rft.date=2017-05-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvegetarian.procon.org%2Fsource-biographies%2Fvaclav-smil%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVaclav+Smil" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-bryce-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-bryce_6-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFRobert_Bryce2007" class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Robert Bryce (July 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131216200053/http://www.robertbryce.com/articles/351-an-interview-with-vaclav-smil" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">"An Interview with Vaclav Smil"</a>. Robert Bryce website. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.robertbryce.com/articles/351-an-interview-with-vaclav-smil" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">the original</a> on 2013-12-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+Interview+with+Vaclav+Smil&rft.pub=Robert+Bryce+website&rft.date=2007-07&rft.au=Robert+Bryce&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.robertbryce.com%2Farticles%2F351-an-interview-with-vaclav-smil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVaclav+Smil" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-7" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite class="citation cs2" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Václav Smil at Driva Climate Investment Meeting 2019, event occurs at 30min from the beginning of his presentation</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=V%C3%A1clav+Smil+at+Driva+Climate+Investment+Meeting+2019&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVaclav+Smil" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-8" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFSmil2014" class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Smil, Vaclav (January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/a-global-transition-to-renewable-energy-will-take-many-decades/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">"A Global Transition to Renewable Energy Will Take Many Decades"</a>. Scientific American. Retrieved 2021-07-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scientific+American&rft.atitle=A+Global+Transition+to+Renewable+Energy+Will+Take+Many+Decades&rft.date=2014-01&rft.aulast=Smil&rft.aufirst=Vaclav&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scientificamerican.com%2Farticle%2Fa-global-transition-to-renewable-energy-will-take-many-decades%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVaclav+Smil" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-9" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amp.theguardian.com/books/2019/sep/21/vaclav-smil-interview-growth-must-end-economists" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">"Vaclav Smil: 'Growth must end. Our economist friends don't seem to realise that' | Science and nature books | the Guardian"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vaclav+Smil%3A+%27Growth+must+end.+Our+economist+friends+don%27t+seem+to+realise+that%27+%26%23124%3B+Science+and+nature+books+%26%23124%3B+the+Guardian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Famp.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2019%2Fsep%2F21%2Fvaclav-smil-interview-growth-must-end-economists&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVaclav+Smil" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-sciencemag.org-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag.org_10-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-sciencemag.org_10-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFVoosen2018" class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Voosen, Paul (2018-03-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.science.org/content/article/meet-vaclav-smil-man-who-has-quietly-shaped-how-world-thinks-about-energy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">"Meet Vaclav Smil, the man who has quietly shaped how the world thinks about energy"</a>. Science Magazine.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Science+Magazine&rft.atitle=Meet+Vaclav+Smil%2C+the+man+who+has+quietly+shaped+how+the+world+thinks+about+energy&rft.date=2018-03-21&rft.aulast=Voosen&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.science.org%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2Fmeet-vaclav-smil-man-who-has-quietly-shaped-how-world-thinks-about-energy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVaclav+Smil" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-11" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFGates2013" class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Gates" title="Bill Gates" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Gates, Bill</a> (26 March 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gatesnotes.com/Books/Harvesting-The-Biosphere" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">"Humans are using up earth's biomass"</a>. GatesNotes: The Blog of Bill Gates.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GatesNotes%3A+The+Blog+of+Bill+Gates&rft.atitle=Humans+are+using+up+earth%27s+biomass&rft.date=2013-03-26&rft.aulast=Gates&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gatesnotes.com%2FBooks%2FHarvesting-The-Biosphere&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVaclav+Smil" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-12" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFKing2013" class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">King, Ritchie (August 8, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qz.com/113086/meet-vaclav-smil-the-canadian-polymath-whose-books-bill-gates-is-racing-to-read/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">"Meet Vaclav Smil, the Canadian polymath whose books Bill Gates is racing to read"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartz(publication)" title="Quartz (publication)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Quartz</a>. Retrieved 8 August 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Quartz&rft.atitle=Meet+Vaclav+Smil%2C+the+Canadian+polymath+whose+books+Bill+Gates+is+racing+to+read&rft.date=2013-08-08&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Ritchie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fqz.com%2F113086%2Fmeet-vaclav-smil-the-canadian-polymath-whose-books-bill-gates-is-racing-to-read%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVaclav+Smil" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-13" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFBennet2015" class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Bennet, James (November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/11/we-need-an-energy-miracle/407881/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">"We Need an Energy Miracle"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The Atlantic</a>. Retrieved 14 October 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=We+Need+an+Energy+Miracle&rft.date=2015-11&rft.aulast=Bennet&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fmagazine%2Farchive%2F2015%2F11%2Fwe-need-an-energy-miracle%2F407881%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVaclav+Smil" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-14" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-14" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFVaclav_Smil2019" class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Vaclav Smil (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=szikg74kgnM" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">"Energy Systems: Transition & Innovation"</a>. Abora. Retrieved July 30, 2022 – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Abora&rft.atitle=Energy+Systems%3A+Transition+%26+Innovation&rft.date=2019&rft.au=Vaclav+Smil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dszikg74kgnM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVaclav+Smil" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-15" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-15" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120224102721/http://www.rsc.ca/submitallsearch.php?pageNum_rsResults=33&totalRows_rsResults=1961" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">"All Fellows: Records 1651 to 1700"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Society_of_Canada" title="Royal Society of Canada" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Royal Society of Canada</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rsc.ca/submitallsearch.php?pageNum_rsResults=33&totalRows_rsResults=1961" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">the original</a> on 2012-02-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=All+Fellows%3A+Records+1651+to+1700&rft.pub=Royal+Society+of+Canada&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rsc.ca%2Fsubmitallsearch.php%3FpageNum_rsResults%3D33%26totalRows_rsResults%3D1961&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVaclav+Smil" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-16" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-16" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aaas.org/aboutaaas/awards/public/public_winners.shtml" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">"AAAS Public Engagement with Science Award Recipients"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science" title="American Association for the Advancement of Science" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American Association for the Advancement of Science</a>. Retrieved March 24, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AAAS+Public+Engagement+with+Science+Award+Recipients&rft.pub=American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aaas.org%2Faboutaaas%2Fawards%2Fpublic%2Fpublic_winners.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVaclav+Smil" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-fp-17" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-fp_17-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101203001242/https://foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/11/29/the_fp_top_100_global_thinkers?page=0,35" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">"The FP Top 100 Global Thinkers: 49. Vaclav Smil"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Policy" title="Foreign Policy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Foreign Policy</a>. December 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/11/29/the_fp_top_100_global_thinkers?page=0,35" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">the original</a> on 2010-12-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Policy&rft.atitle=The+FP+Top+100+Global+Thinkers%3A+49.+Vaclav+Smil&rft.date=2010-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforeignpolicy.com%2Farticles%2F2010%2F11%2F29%2Fthe_fp_top_100_global_thinkers%3Fpage%3D0%2C35&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVaclav+Smil" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-18" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil#cite_ref-18" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gg.ca/document.aspx?id=15215" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">"Appointments to the Order of Canada"</a>. Governor General of Canada. June 28, 2013. Retrieved March 24, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Appointments+to+the+Order+of+Canada&rft.pub=Governor+General+of+Canada&rft.date=2013-06-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gg.ca%2Fdocument.aspx%3Fid%3D15215&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVaclav+Smil" class="Z3988" /></li></ol></div></div><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">External links[</h2><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); margin: 4px 0px 4px 1em; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); line-height: 1.25em; width: 238px; clear: right; float: right;"><div class="side-box-flex" style="display: flex; align-items: center;"><div class="side-box-image" style="padding: 2px 0px 2px 0.9em; text-align: center;"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="noviewer" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" /></div><div class="side-box-text plainlist" style="padding: 0.25em 0.9em; flex: 1 1 0%;">Wikiquote has quotations related to <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Vaclav_Smil" class="extiw" title="q:Vaclav Smil" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Vaclav Smil</a>.</div></div></div><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background: rgb(248, 249, 250); width: auto; float: right; clear: right; margin: 0.5em 0px 1em 1em; border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0.2em; line-height: 1.4em; border-collapse: collapse;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="padding: 0.4em 0.4em 0px; line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">Library resources</a><hr style="box-sizing: content-box; height: 1px; overflow: visible; background-color: rgb(162, 169, 177); border: 0px; margin: 0.2em 0px;" /></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding: 0.1em 0.4em;">By Vaclav Smil</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding: 0px 0.5em 0.4em;"><ul style="list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: inherit;"><li style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?at=wp&au=Vaclav+Smil" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">Resources in your library</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?at=wp&au=Vaclav+Smil&library=0CHOOSE0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">Resources in other libraries</a></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table><ul style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" em="em" px="px" padding="padding"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vaclavsmil.com/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">Official website</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100531082045/http://www.thegatesnotes.com/Learning/Article.aspx?ID=25" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">Bill Gates Discusses Energy with Vaclav Smil</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/10/19/smil-on-hummers-hondas-meat-heat/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">Smil on Hummers, Hondas, Meat, Heat: Interview with Andrew Revkin, NYT</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110611161805/http://www.americanscientist.org/bookshelf/id.714,content.true,css.print/bookshelf.aspx" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">Interview with Greg Ross, Scientists' Nightstand</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Scientist" title="American Scientist" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American Scientist</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/energy/renewables/a-skeptic-looks-at-alternative-energy/0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">"A Skeptic Looks at Alternative Energy"</a> by Vaclav Smil, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_Spectrum" title="IEEE Spectrum" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">IEEE Spectrum</a>, July 2012</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131019120717/http://www.americanacademy.de/home/person/vaclav-smil" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">Vaclav Smil as the EADS Distinguished Visitor</a> at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Academy_in_Berlin" title="American Academy in Berlin" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American Academy in Berlin</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2013/11/vaclav-smil-wired/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">This Is the Man Bill Gates Thinks You Absolutely Should Be Reading</a>, Wired, 2013/11/25</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Desrochers, Pierre. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390/en13205306" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">“The Paradoxical Malthusian. A Promethean Perspective on Vaclav Smil’s Growth: From Microorganisms to Megacities (MIT Press, 2019) and Energy and Civilization: A History (MIT Press, 2017).”</a> Energies 2020, 13 (20): 5306.</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2019/sep/21/vaclav-smil-interview-growth-must-end-economists" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right">Interview in The Guardian</a>, September 2019</li></ul><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" style="background-color: rgb(253, 253, 253); font-weight: bold; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: baseline; padding: 0px 2em; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); clear: both; margin: 1em 5em 0px;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Portals</a>:<div class="portal-bar-content" style="display: flex; flex-flow: row wrap; flex: 0 1 auto; padding: 0.15em 0px; column-gap: 1em; align-items: baseline;"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" /> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Biography</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Crystal_energy.svg" class="image" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><img alt="icon" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Crystal_energy.svg/20px-Crystal_energy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Crystal_energy.svg/30px-Crystal_energy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Crystal_energy.svg/40px-Crystal_energy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="124" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" /></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Energy" title="Portal:Energy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Energy</a><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/21px-P_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/32px-P_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/42px-P_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" style="border: 0px; 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vertical-align: text-top;" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; background-color: rgb(221, 221, 255); border-top: 2px solid rgb(253, 253, 253); width: 118.463px;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="line-height: 1.5em; border-color: rgb(253, 253, 253); border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: solid; background-color: transparent; border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; width: 1141.11px; padding: 0px;"><div style="padding: 0px 0.25em;"><ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" px="px" padding="padding" em="em"><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISNI(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISNI (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">ISNI</a> <ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" px="px" padding="padding" em="em" display="display" inline="inline"><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000118810771" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">1</a></li></ul></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VIAF(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="VIAF (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">VIAF</a> <ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" px="px" padding="padding" em="em" display="display" inline="inline"><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/109865194" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">1</a></li></ul></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n82053006/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; background-color: rgb(221, 221, 255); border-top: 2px solid rgb(253, 253, 253); width: 118.463px;">National libraries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="line-height: 1.5em; border-color: rgb(253, 253, 253); border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: solid; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; width: 1141.11px; padding: 0px;"><div style="padding: 0px 0.25em;"><ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" px="px" padding="padding" em="em"><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90340547" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">Norway</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; 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background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">Israel</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n82053006" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">United States</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000200805&P_CON_LNG=ENG" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">Latvia</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00533048" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">Japan</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0029345&CON_LNG=ENG" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">Czech Republic</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35505052" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">Australia</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC200802364" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">Korea</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000434822&local_base=nsk10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">Croatia</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070288887" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">Netherlands</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mak.bn.org.pl/cgi-bin/KHW/makwww.exe?BM=1&NU=1&IM=4&WI=9810653107205606" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">Poland</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; background-color: rgb(221, 221, 255); border-top: 2px solid rgb(253, 253, 253); width: 118.463px;">Scientific databases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="line-height: 1.5em; border-color: rgb(253, 253, 253); border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: solid; background-color: transparent; border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; width: 1141.11px; padding: 0px;"><div style="padding: 0px 0.25em;"><ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" px="px" padding="padding" em="em"><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA0264384X?l=en" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">CiNii (Japan)</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; background-color: rgb(221, 221, 255); border-top: 2px solid rgb(253, 253, 253); width: 118.463px;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="line-height: 1.5em; border-color: rgb(253, 253, 253); border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: solid; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; width: 1141.11px; padding: 0px;"><div style="padding: 0px 0.25em;"><ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" px="px" padding="padding" em="em"><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RERO(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="RERO (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">RERO (Switzerland)</a> <ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" px="px" padding="padding" em="em" display="display" inline="inline"><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.rero.ch/02-A003838527" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">1</a></li></ul></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SUDOC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SUDOC (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">SUDOC (France)</a> <ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" px="px" padding="padding" em="em" display="display" inline="inline"><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028381327" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg="link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg" cd31="cd31" right="right" center="center" em="em" no-repeat="no-repeat" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" padding-right="padding-right">1</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); padding: 5px; margin-top: 1em; clear: both;"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Categories</a>: <ul style="list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline;"><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 0px; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0.25em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Canadian_geographers" title="Category:Canadian geographers" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Canadian geographers</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Czech_geographers" title="Category:Czech geographers" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Czech geographers</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Canadian_science_writers" title="Category:Canadian science writers" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Canadian science writers</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Canadian_people_of_Czech_descent" title="Category:Canadian people of Czech descent" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Canadian people of Czech descent</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Charles_University_alumni" title="Category:Charles University alumni" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Charles University alumni</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Fellows_of_the_Royal_Society_of_Canada" title="Category:Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Living people</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Penn_State_College_of_Earth_and_Mineral_Sciences_alumni" title="Category:Penn State College of Earth and Mineral Sciences alumni" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Penn State College of Earth and Mineral Sciences alumni</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Sustainability_advocates" title="Category:Sustainability advocates" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Sustainability advocates</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:University_of_Manitoba_faculty" title="Category:University of Manitoba faculty" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">University of Manitoba faculty</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:1943_births" title="Category:1943 births" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">1943 births</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Czech_emigrants_to_Canada" title="Category:Czech emigrants to Canada" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Czech emigrants to Canada</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:People_associated_with_energy" title="Category:People associated with energy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">People associated with energy</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div>=</div><div>
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