ddc bak democracy data & comms

<div class="entryContent"><h2 class="title">=</h2><div>SEE DDC</div><div>i forgot about these guys</div><div>html  Coolican,</div><div>
</div><div>=</div><div>clean creatives 9 22</div><div><h3 id="ddc" class="ui-open" style="letter-spacing: -0.03em; line-height: calc(1.0428); margin: 2rem 0px; cursor: pointer;">DDC</h3>Dominion Energy / Exelon / API (American Petroleum Institute) / EEI (Edison Electric Institute) / Americans For Job Security / AGA (American Gas Association) / U.S. Chamber of Commerce / National Association Of Manufacturers / ACCCE (American Coalition Of Clean Coal Energy)</div><div><div style=""></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.desmog.com/2022/08/26/fti-consulting-fossil-fuels-work-climate-disinformation-house-natural-resources-subpoena/" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">https://www.desmog.com/2022/08/26/fti-consulting-fossil-fuels-work-climate-disinformation-house-natural-resources-subpoena/</a></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="">a powerful Washington, D.C., consulting and PR firm, with a long history of waging influence campaigns for fossil fuel corporations, is under scrutiny by a congressional committee as part of a broader investigation into the decades-long efforts by the oil industry and its allies to block action on the climate crisis.<a href="https://www.desmog.com/fti-consulting/" data-wpel-link="internal" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;">FTI Consulting</a>, a billion-dollar firm that has a global presence, is not a household name. But it has been instrumental in an array of oil industry campaigns meant to <a href="https://www.desmog.com/2022/02/07/fti-consulting-fossil-fuels-pr-energy-in-depth/" data-wpel-link="internal" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;">sow doubt about climate change</a>, attack climate scientists, and play up the benefits of fossil fuels.  Last year, a House committee<a href="https://khanna.house.gov/media/in-the-news/house-committee-schedules-2nd-hearing-oil-and-gas-industrys-role-climate" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;"> held hearings</a> in which members of Congress questioned oil executives on their role in peddling climate disinformation. But in June of this year, a separate committee, the U.S. House Committee on Natural Resources Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, sent<a href="https://naturalresources.house.gov/imo/media/doc/2022.06.12%20Grijalva%20Porter%20letters%20to%20PR%20firms_combined.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0); text-decoration-line: none; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;"> letters</a> to five PR firms — Story Partners, DDC Advocacy, Blue Advertising, Singer Associates, and FTI Consulting — requesting all documents related to their work running influence or marketing campaigns for oil, gas, and coal companies and their trade groups. The PR industry has been a critical but often overlooked player in the history of climate denial, as DeSmog has<a href="https://www.desmog.com/2021/11/30/pr-industry-major-overlooked-influence-climate-politics-brulle/" data-wpel-link="internal" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;"> reported</a>. “For decades, fossil fuel companies and associations have engaged in public relations campaigns to downplay the threat of climate change and the central role fossil fuels have played in causing it,” the committee’s June letter stated. “Fossil fuel companies and trade groups have partnered with PR firms to use a variety of questionable tactics to undermine legislative and regulatory environmental initiatives.”Two months after the request, FTI still had not turned over documents. The Committee grew impatient with the stonewalling, and on August 17, it fired off another<a href="https://naturalresources.house.gov/imo/media/doc/2022-08-17%20RG%20&%20KP%20to%20FTI%20re%20warning%20subpoena.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;"> letter</a>, stating that “FTI has not wavered in its blanket refusal to provide even the most basic information about its clients or descriptions of the grounds for its refusal beyond the vaguest assertions of confidentiality and privileges.”It then went on to warn: “FTI has provided no indication that this obstruction of congressional oversight will come to an end voluntarily. Unless FTI Consulting produces all responsive documents by 5:00 PM on August 24, 2022, the Committee will be forced to consider all of its options for obtaining this information, including, but not limited to, authorizing and issuing a subpoena.”“Through its past client work and present refusal to cooperate with an ongoing congressional investigation, FTI Consulting is engaging in climate obstruction,” Christine Arena, a former VP at Edelman, who has tried to expose the PR industry’s role working on behalf of its fossil fuel clients, said in a statement to DeSmog. “Refusing to cooperate with the House Natural Resources Committee suggests that FTI knows it has something to hide, yet believes it is beyond reproach. Its flagrant disregard for the negative consequences of disinformation undermines the reputation of the PR and ad industry as a whole.”<h2 id="h-a-permanent-campaign-strategy" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2;">A “Permanent Campaign Strategy”</h2>FTI’s work for its fossil fuel clients goes far beyond creating billboards, online ads, or TV commercials, as a run-of-the-mill PR firm might do.“You only hire a PR company when you have a problem to solve. And you hire an FTI when you’ve got real problems. You need dirty tricks. This is not just like selling a hamburger,” Kert Davies, founder and director of Climate Investigations Center, told DeSmog. “This is designing an influence campaign. It’s like designing a whole intelligence operation.”The head of FTI’s Strategic Communications for the Americas is a man named Brian Kennedy, who was the communications strategist for drilling contractor Transocean, which owned the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig that exploded in 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico. Kennedy, who “is best known for his expertise in crisis management,” as his<a href="https://www.fticonsulting.com/experts/brian-kennedy" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;"> bio</a> on the FTI website says, headed up Transocean’s PR work during the disaster and in the litigation that followed. The campaigns waged by FTI for its fossil fuel clients are extensive and wide-ranging. As the New York Times<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/11/climate/fti-consulting.html" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;"> reported</a> in 2020, FTI helped set up regional astroturf websites for its oil industry clients, such as Texans for Natural Gas, New Mexicans for Economic Prosperity, Citizens to Protect PA Jobs, Western Wire, and the Arctic Energy Center. The websites artificially created the appearance of grassroots political energy, and shared misleading “news” that downplayed environmental damage from fracking while simultaneously promoting the benefits of pro-drilling policies.<figure class="wp-block-pullquote" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 3em 0px; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><blockquote style="box-sizing: border-box;">“FTI remains a major, major contractor to the fossil fuel industry. They run front groups, fake news channels, they pose as reporters, they write reports about activists.”<cite style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative;" /><div style="text-align: left;">– Kert Davies</div></blockquote></figure>The most high-profile climate denial project FTI is involved in is <a href="https://www.desmog.com/energy-in-depth/" data-wpel-link="internal" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;">Energy In Depth</a> (EID), a pro-fracking constellation of websites that spreads industry talking points. Ostensibly a project linked to the Independent Petroleum Association of America, EID — which promotes fracking, attacks climate scientists and environmental activists, and plays up the benefits of fossil fuels — was jointly launched with FTI back in 2009.The website wasn’t just a project of small and medium-sized independent oil producers. In 2011, DeSmog<a href="https://www.desmog.com/2011/02/17/energy-depth-was-created-major-oil-and-gas-companies-according-industry-memo/" data-wpel-link="internal" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;"> revealed</a> that Energy In Depth had the early backing of some of the largest oil companies, including BP, Anadarko, Halliburton, Chevron, Shell, XTO Energy (owned by ExxonMobil), and several other oil companies and trade associations. Without that financial backing from major oil companies, the project “would not be possible,” according to a 2009<a href="https://www.desmog.com/wp-content/uploads/files/HFUnderFire.pdf" data-wpel-link="internal" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;"> memo</a> DeSmog found.In 2019, Huffington Post<a href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/climate-denial-energy-in-depth_n_5df7eff6e4b0ae01a1e59371" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;"> reported</a> that the Independent Petroleum Association of America spent close to $2 million annually on Energy In Depth. That amounts to roughly a<a href="https://climateinvestigations.org/exxon-and-friends-still-funding-climate-denial-and-obstruction-through-ipaa-fti-energy-in-depth/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;"> fifth</a> of the trade group’s budget.“We know some of the contracts FTI has with various trade associations,” Davies said. “But the truth is, we don’t know the half of it.”Earlier this year, DeSmog published <a href="https://www.desmog.com/2022/02/07/fti-consulting-fossil-fuels-pr-energy-in-depth/" data-wpel-link="internal" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;">a 2015 FTI presentation</a> in which the firm bragged about its deep connections with the oil industry and trumpeted its work on behalf of its fossil fuel clients. FTI’s presentation highlighted its work, through Energy In Depth, at “debunking” peer-reviewed studies that link fracking to water contamination, as well as providing “facts” to media about how methane emissions from oil and gas were in decline.<figure class="wp-block-image size-full" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><figcaption style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em;">A screenshot from FTI Consulting’s 2015 presentation.]</figcaption></figure>Energy In Depth acts as “a public-facing clearinghouse” and a “permanent campaign strategy” for the oil industry, Melissa Aronczyk, a professor of journalism and media studies at Rutgers University, told DeSmog in an email. “FTI works for oil and gas clients by trying to shut down the conversation about climate-related problems before they happen – or especially, before they become a problem for their clients,” Aronczyk said.The firm took the lessons learned with Energy In Depth around the world. FTI<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190920025421/https:/www.fticonsulting.com/_{/media/Files/us-files/insights/reports/managing-aboveground-risks-experience-from-the-united-states.pdf}" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;"> boasted</a> at an industry conference in Brazil in 2014 that Energy In Depth had the ability “to say, do and write things that individual company employees cannot and should not.”  In another instance that has not previously been reported, FTI gave a <a href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22267372-fti-consulting-corporate-overview" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">presentation</a> at a 2012 industry conference in Canada, in which it shared its experience “generating pro-gas news” in the Marcellus Shale in Pennsylvania, and how the firm intended to do the same in Quebec. At the time, the gas industry was facing public<a href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/industry-news/energy-and-resources/industry-aims-to-win-support-for-quebec-shale-gas/article4180268/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;"> opposition</a> to fracking in the Canadian province, and FTI, via Energy In Depth, wanted to shift public opinion in the industry’s favor. That included proactively creating pro-gas news in the media, as well as a sponsored trip for Quebec farmers to travel to fossil fuel-rich Alberta to learn about how shale gas is produced. <figure class="wp-block-image size-full" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><figcaption style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em;">A screenshot of a 2016 Earth Day message from Energy In Depth, a fracking industry project of FTI Consulting and the Independent Petroleum Association of America.]</figcaption></figure>“FTI remains a major, major contractor to the fossil fuel industry. They run front groups, fake news channels, they pose as reporters, they write reports about activists,” Davies said. “They do all manner of strategic communications work to defend the honor of fossil fuel companies and trade associations.” The House Committee has also sent a letter to a separate PR firm called Story Partners. Established in January 2010 by well-known PR executive Gloria Dittus, Story Partners has also run multiple influence campaigns for the fossil fuel industry in recent years. The firm led the <a href="https://www.desmog.com/american-petroleum-institute/" data-wpel-link="internal" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;">American Petroleum Institute</a>’s <a href="https://storypartnersdc.com/case-study-american-petroleum-institute/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;">Vote for Energy campaign</a>, which sought to equate drilling for oil and gas with jobs. Story Partners also ran campaigns for <a href="https://storypartnersdc.com/portfolio-item/case-study-venture-global/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;">Venture Global LNG</a>, a Gulf Coast LNG export company. And it also helped Noble Energy <a href="https://storypartnersdc.com/case-study-noble-energy/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;">defeat </a>a ballot measure in Colorado that would have increased setback distances between fracking operations and homes and businesses, a measure that would have encroached upon Noble Energy’s assets. As it happens, Gloria Dittus previously founded Dittus Communications, which was acquired by FTI in 2005. In 2009, the Energy In Depth website was registered by “FD Dittus Communications,” a unit of FTI, according to the <a href="https://www.desmog.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/WHOIS-History-Report-energyindepth.org.pdf" data-wpel-link="internal" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">website’s registration</a>. According to a Story Partners spokesperson, “Gloria Dittus left FTI Consulting in early 2009 after the 2005 sale of Dittus Communications was finalized to Financial Dynamics (FD) and fully integrated into FTI Consulting at the end of 2008. Any Energy in Depth work was outside her tenure and likely launched following her leave from FTI.”  Story Partners did not respond to questions from DeSmog about their role running climate disinformation campaigns for fossil fuel companies.   Arena said that FTI is among a small group of “pariah” PR firms that “do not represent the majority of the PR and ad industry, but they are our industry’s biggest reputational liability.” <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative;"><div class="twitter-tweet twitter-tweet-rendered" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; max-width: 550px; width: 550px; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;" /></div></figure>[twt ca]"But the bigger point here is that these are deceptive practices that no ethical marketing firm should engage in, for any client. They muddy public understanding and suppress the truth by design and should therefore be repudiated by the PR and ad industry at large,” she added. “The silver lining here is that this moment of reckoning has the potential to change the communications industry for the better.”Ultimately, FTI’s mission has been “to preserve the reputation of the fossil fuel industry as it has come under pressure around climate change,” Davies said. Referring to FTI’s direct involvement in spreading climate disinformation, he added: “In doing so, you are now part of the effort to hide the truth.”In a statement to DeSmog, Matthew E. Bashalany, a spokesperson for FTI Consulting, said: “Our company takes the Subcommittee’s request very seriously.  We continue to be in regular contact with subcommittee staff as we progress our efforts to be responsive to the chair’s request in a manner consistent with our legal obligations to preserve our clients’ confidentiality and privileges. FTI Consulting is called upon by clients in dozens of industries globally, including those involved in traditional, renewable and alternative energy development, and we are committed to ensuring that all professional services we deliver align with our firmwide position to support action to address climate change.” It is unclear what will happen next, but the House Committee could subpoena documents or have executives appear before the congressional panel. The August 24 deadline came and went, and now the firm faces a potential subpoena. In an email to DeSmog on August 25, a day after the deadline, a spokesperson for the Committee said: “The Committee has not yet gotten an adequate response from FTI.”Another spokesperson for the Committee told DeSmog, “stay tuned.” </div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</div></div><div>=</div><div>desmog on API</div><div>
</div><div><h3 id="h-energy-citizens" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Energy Citizens</h3>Starting in 2009, the API <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150811025505/http://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2009/08/11/lobby-groups-to-use-town-hall-tactics-to-oppose-climate-bill/" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">led a coalition</a> called “<a href="http://energycitizens.org/" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Energy Citizens</a>” and held rallies opposing the Waxman-Markey Climate Bill, targeting states “whose Democratic Senators aren’t strong supporters of a stringent bill, such as […] Sherrod Brown of Ohio and Mark Begich of Alaska.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/american-petroleum-institute/#s25" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[25]</a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120115231953/http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/2009/08/19/the-browning-of-grassroots.html" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">According to Newsweek</a>, API asked regional companies to urge their employees to participate in planned protests. A leaked memo revealed that “The objective of these rallies is to put a human face on the impacts of unsound energy policy and to aim a loud message at [20 different] states.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/american-petroleum-institute/#s26" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[26]</a><a href="http://www.nytimes.com/gwire/2009/08/12/12greenwire-energy-citizens-take-aim-at-climate-legislatio-54732.html" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">“Energy Citizens” is also supported</a> by the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Association_of_Manufacturers" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">National Association of Manufacturers (NAM)</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/American_Farm_Bureau_Federation" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">American Farm Bureau</a>, American Highway Users Alliance, <a href="https://www.desmog.com/national-black-chamber-commerce" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">National Black Chamber of Commerce (NBCC)</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Small_Business_Survival_Committee" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Small Business and Entrepreneurship Council,</a> <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=FreedomWorks" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">FreedomWorks</a>,[hot air tour?] <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Conservative_Union" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">American Conservative Union</a>, <a href="https://www.desmog.com/americans-tax-reform" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Americans for Tax Reform</a>, and <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Council_for_Citizens_Against_Government_Waste" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Council for Citizens Against Government Waste</a>. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/american-petroleum-institute/#s27" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[27]</a>According to O’Dwyer’s Magazine, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150811032857/http://www.odwyerpr.com/editorial/0201the-politics-of-climate-change.html" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">in a February 2010 article titled “The Politics of Climate Change</a>,”“The group has loudly protested the EPA’s decision to have greenhouse gas emissions regulated under the Clean Air Act. API members include Chevron, ConocoPhillips,Exxon Mobil, GE, Halliburton and Shell.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/american-petroleum-institute/#s28" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[28]</a>Template fliers for the “Energy Citizens” rallies warned that “Climate change legislation being considered in Washington will cause huge economic pain and produce little environmental gain.” They additionally claimed the Waxman-Markey Climate Bill would “cost 2 million American jobs, raise gasoline and diesel prices up to $4.”<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150811033432/http://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2009/08/11/lobby-groups-to-use-town-hall-tactics-to-oppose-climate-bill/" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">The EPA estimated the bill would cost U.S. households “about a postage stamp a day,” </a>while the Energy Information Administration projected annual “energy bill costs could rise between $26 per household to $362 by 2020.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/american-petroleum-institute/#s29" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[29]</a>The company Democracy, Data & Communications (DDC), <a href="https://www.desmog.com/wp-content/uploads/files/API%20Case%20Study%20-%20DDC%20Public%20Affairs.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">wrote in a case study</a> that it “has actively partnered with the American Petroleum Institute (API) for years, designing, executing, and managing all facets of their key national advocacy program” and was “asked with creating an on-the-ground campaign focused on raising the prole of Energy Citizens in support of natural gas production from the ‘Marcellus Shale’ formation in Pennsylvania.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/american-petroleum-institute/#s64" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[64]</a>DDC said it helped to convene two roundtable meetings with local congressional representatives for the Energy Citizens campaign, as well as get 170 letters of support published and sent to Pennsylvania’s Marcellus Shale Commission. According to IRS tax filings reviewed by DeSmog, API paid DDC $29.3 million for its work between 2011 and 2015, <a href="https://www.desmog.com/2017/06/14/your-energy-america-ddc-advocacy-atlantic-coast-pipeline" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">DeSmog reported.</a> <a href="https://www.desmog.com/american-petroleum-institute/#s65" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[65]</a>DDC has also worked with the tobacco company Phillip Morris on a website fighting against tobacco regulation. DDC is also an Associate Member of the <a href="https://www.desmog.com/edison-electric-institute" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Edison Electric Institute (EEI), </a>which has also paid DDC at least $1.8 million since 2012 for PR work according to the IRS. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/american-petroleum-institute/#s65" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[65]</a><h3 id="h-energytomorrow-org" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">EnergyTomorrow.org</h3></div><div>=</div>guest post by Matt Kasper crossposted from <a href="http://www.energyandpolicy.org/edison-electric-institute-we-stand-for-energy/" target="blank">Energy and Policy Institute</a>.The nation’s largest electric utilities have been relying on a political consulting shop to portray their efforts to attack rooftop solar as having support from the “grassroots” for at least the past year.The consulting group, DDC Consulting, has carved out a niche for itself at conjuring up “astroturf” — or faked grassroots efforts. Indeed, the firm’s website says that it specializes in designing, managing, and executing advocacy campaigns that “shape public opinion, sway decision-makers, and affect outcomes in the legislature, the press, the board room, and the public eye.” DDC was just exposed as the PR firm behind an effort to portray imagined support for natural gas pipelines, this time funded by the American Gas Association.<div class="views-field views-field-disqus-comment-count"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/2017/06/20/pr-firm-ddc-american-gas-association-front-group-member-consultant-edison-electric-institute#disqus_thread" data-disqus-identifier="node/11874">2 Comments</a></div><div class="views-field views-field-view-node"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/2017/06/20/pr-firm-ddc-american-gas-association-front-group-member-consultant-edison-electric-institute">Read more</a></div>
syngenta:<h2 style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: normal;">A "First-Strike" PR Team</h2>Around the time of the New York Times investigation of atrazine levels and growing health concerns, according to e-mails discovered in the Holiday Shores suit, Syngenta CP had put out a request for proposals for a new PR effort.According to the solicitation, Syngenta was seeking firms experienced with a "first strike" mentality and with managing "third party" spokespeople to carry Syngenta's message when it did not want those messages to be seen as coming from the corporation. It <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/images/1/10/Syn_2009_PR_Request_for_Proposal.pdf" title="reference on also listed" target="blank">also listed</a> (PDF) its top two primary audiences as "media" and "potential jurors." (The Holiday Shores case was pending in Illinois; the Jayne Thompson firm had been hired a few years earlier and would continue to be part of Syngenta's PR operation along with the new PR team being solicited.)WHWG responded with a $498,000 base proposal that included funding for the "grassroots mobilization" firmDDC Advocacy, which has been described as a big player in the "astroturf" world of making corporate initiatives look like they are the result of wide and deep grassroots support.<h2 style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: normal;">A PR Team Known for Attacking Trial Lawyers</h2>DDC reportedly has also co-chaired an astroturfing "roundtable" with the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=U.S.Chamber_of_Commerce" title="reference on U.S. Chamber of Commerce" target="self">U.S. Chamber of Commerce</a>, which is funded by the biggest global corporations in the world (WHWG has also spearheaded PR campaigns for the U.S. Chamber of Commerce). DDC has also worked on astroturf campaigns in the cyber-world against lawyers who represent injured Americans and in support of so-called "tort reform" that would limit the rights of Americans harmed or killed through corporate neglect or greed.WHWG's proposal to Syngenta on atrazine also included Quinn Thomas Public Affairs, which was specifically touted for its success in "engaging" lawyers who represent American consumers and in fighting public interest groups through "aggressive third party activity." WHWG said Quinn Thomas' tactics had succesfully slowed or reversed "activist momentum."
 =bs<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 1.25em; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);">B.R. McConnon is the founding partner, Chairman, and CEO of DDC Advocacy, the country’s largest full-service advocacy firm.<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 1.25em; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);">In this role, B.R. contributes long-term strategic direction and provides counsel to DDC Advocacy clients. Under his leadership, DDC Advocacy ranked 72nd on the Inc. 500 Fastest-Growing Private Companies list for 2002, and twice received the Deloitte & Touche Technology Fast 500 award for North America, including top 10 in Virginia.<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 1.25em; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);">Prior to DDC Advocacy, B.R. worked as a tax and trade Policy Analyst for Citizens for a Sound Economy (CSE), where he was responsible for editorials and policy statements. After an assignment as a campaign organizer, he became the Finance Director for a number of ballot initiatives in Illinois and California. This opportunity allowed B.R. to become intimately familiar with the technological aspects of raising money, campaign organizing, compliance reporting, and lobbying.<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 1.25em; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);">Upon returning to Washington, D.C., B.R. spent five years working with political software and database firms before founding DDC Advocacy (formerly Democracy Data & Communications) in 1996.<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 1.25em; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);">B.R. is active in several outside business ventures and charities, including serving on the board of the J Street Cup, a charity that he founded to raise funds for the Fisher House at Walter Reed Army Hospital, the American Heart Association, and the Bishop Ireton High School Alumni Association.<p align="left" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 1.25em; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);">B.R. received his B.A. in Government and International Relations from Georgetown University.<p align="left" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 1.25em; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);"> <p align="left" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 1.25em; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);">---<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 1.25em; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);">An entrepreneur with a keen eye for integrating data and technology, Sara Fagen is one of the nation’s leading political and issue strategists.  Sara offers considerable insight and expertise to some of the world’s most influential brands, corporations, and trade associations. She is adept at helping clients leverage the full potential of technology, politics, and communications to achieve results with efficiency, maximizing their marketing and advocacy dollars.<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 1.25em; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);">Sara honed her skills while serving as a senior aide and White House Political Director for President George W. Bush.  She also played a pivotal part in the President’s 2004 re-election campaign, in which she served as a senior strategist directing opinion research and paid media.  After the campaign, the Wall Street Journal called her a “data whiz,” saying, “As a top strategist for the 2004 Bush-Cheney re-election efforts, Fagen helped perfect political micro-targeting.”<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 1.25em; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);">Sara became a Partner at DDC Advocacy in 2011 after the company acquired BlueFront Strategies, a prominent issue advocacy firm she founded in 2008.  Sara now creates customized strategies for the firm’s clients, integrating cutting-edge targeting and other data-driven approaches to help them win on the issues that are important to them.<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 1.25em; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);">In 2008, Sara co-founded Resonate Insights, a leading big-data audience insights and media company.  She also serves on the board of CentraForce, a cross-media research company revolutionizing how audiences are defined, reached, and brought to the point of action.<p align="left" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 1.25em; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);">Sara’s commentary can be seen on CNBC, where she is a regular contributor.
 <h2 class="title"><a href="http://thinkprogress.org/2009/08/27/ahip-lobbying-publicoption/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent link to 'EXCLUSIVE: Health Insurance Lobby’s Stealth Astroturf Campaign Revealed'">EXCLUSIVE: Health Insurance Lobby’s Stealth Astroturf Campaign Revealed</a></h2>Earlier this week, the Wall Street Journal reported that AHIP — the multimillion dollar lobbying juggernaut for the health insurance industry — has mobilized <a href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB125107323271252625.html">50,000</a> employees to lobby Congress to <a href="http://thinkprogress.org/2009/08/24/ahip-townhall-lobby/">defeat</a> the public option. ThinkProgress has learned that AHIP’s grassroots lobbying is being managed by the corporate consulting firm <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications">Democracy Data & Communications</a>. DDC has made a name for itself as one of the most effective stealth lobbying firms. Earlier this summer, DDC was caught by reporters using a front group called “<a href="http://washingtonindependent.com/46440/spencers-trial-story">Citizens for a Safe Alexandria</a>” to attack the Obama administration for seeking to prosecute Guantanamo Bay prisoners in Alexandria, VA. According to the server-information hub <a href="http://whois.domaintools.com/ahipadvocacy.org">Domaintools.com</a>, the AHIP grassroots outreach website AHIPAdvocacy.org is hosted on a server owned by DDC. Though DDC conceals the hosting of its other websites using a service called DomainsByProxy, ThinkProgress has <a href="http://thinkprogress.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/090827_ddc_domains_3.pdf">obtained a list</a> of the domains hosted on DDC servers. A review of this data shows that DDC maintains the grassroots outreach websites for large health insurance companies, but also for big tobacco and Koch Industries:<blockquote>– phillipmorrisusaactioncenter.org (Altria)
– tobaccoissues.com (Altria)
– kochpac.com (Koch Industries)
– aetnavotes.com (Aetna)
– healthactionnetwork.org (WellPoint)
– humanapartners.com (Humana)
– ahipadvocacy.org (AHIP) </blockquote>DDC is a firm that promises “high impact” outreach programs to not only <a href="http://www.democracydata.com/web/page/583/sectionid/559/pagelevel/2/parentid/559/interior.asp">influence the grassroots</a>, but “change attitudes for the long term.” As the Washington Post explains, DDC pays over 500 contract workers to “spend much of their day telephoning people around the country and <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/06/30/AR2008063001933_pf.html">asking them to sign letters to Congress that press for legislation</a>.” The firm helped orchestrate “grassroots” support for <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/09/18/AR2005091801118.html">President Bush’s</a> push to privatize Social Security, and helped manage online efforts for the right-wing attack group <a href="http://washingtonindependent.com/46440/spencers-trial-story">Freedom’s Watch</a>. DDC is headed by B.R. McConnon, a former <a href="http://indian.senate.gov/public/files/Report.pdf">associate of Jack Abramoff’s</a> lobbying partners, and a <a href="http://www.democracydata.com/web/page/665/sectionid/554/pagelevel/3/parentid/591/interior.asp">former employee</a> of the Koch-funded astroturf organization known as Citizens for a Sound Economy. Citizens for a Sound Economy — which has also received funds from <a href="http://www.citizen.org/documents/Citizens%20for%20a%20Sound%20Economy%20Report.pdf">private health insurers</a> in the past and played a <a href="http://www.pbs.org/newshour/forum/may96/background/health_debate_page3.html">critical astroturf role</a> in killing reform under Clinton — eventually split, with one wing forming <a href="http://64.203.97.162/index.php?static=455">Americans for Prosperity</a> in 2003, and another forming <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20040725031033/http://www.freedomworks.org/release.php">FreedomWorks</a> in 2004. Both organizations, which are still funded by the Koch Industries empire, were instrumental in organizing the <a href="http://thinkprogress.org/2009/04/09/lobbyists-planning-teaparties/">anti-Obama tea party protests</a>, and have been <a href="http://thinkprogress.org/2009/08/04/kagen-driehaus-townhall/">spreading</a> <a href="http://mediamattersaction.org/factcheck/200905270002">misinformation</a> and <a href="http://thinkprogress.org/2009/08/09/freedomworks-aggressive/">anger</a> at the current health reform effort. Americans for Prosperity’s anti-health reform front group, Patients United, has hosted speakers comparing the House health reform bill to <a href="http://yglesias.thinkprogress.org/archives/2009/08/americans-for-prosperity-compares-health-care-reform-to-holocaust.php">the Holocaust</a>. Curiously, DDC servers also host anti-health reform letters from the <a href="http://ex.democracydata.com/Wellpoint/sites/HAN/090715_AffordableHealthChoicesAct_Waxman_Barton.pdf">Chamber of Commerce</a> and <a href="http://ex.democracydata.com/Wellpoint/sites/HAN/Physician_Letter.pdf">Rep. Charles Boustany</a> (R-LA), as well as continual <a href="http://ex.democracydata.com/Wellpoint/sites/HAN/Final_Newsletter.pdf">news updates</a> about the reform debate. All three documents are under a subsection titled WellPoint. Given the stealthy nature of astroturf lobbying firms, it is difficult to discern the extent to which DDC is managing AHIP’s efforts. UnitedHealth, another large insurer, was caught recently using a call center to direct people to a radical tea party <a href="http://tpmdc.talkingpointsmemo.com/2009/08/major-health-insurance-company-urges-employees-to-attend-tea-parties.php">anti-health reform protest</a> outside of the offices of Rep. Zach Space (D-OH). Already, the health insurance industry has flexed its muscle to water down reform. After spending millions on lobbying, advertising, and direct contributions to lawmakers, the Senate Finance Committee made a major concession allowing insurers to reimburse <a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/healthcare/la-na-healthcare-insurers24-2009aug24,0,6925890.story">only 65% of medical bills</a> (down from the 76% proposed requirement). And indeed, although AHIP has made grandiose promises of self regulation, many insurers have recently broke promises made by AHIP President Karen Ignagni. On June 16, despite Ignagni’s pledges of commitment, insurance executives from UnitedHealth Group, Assurant, and WellPoint specifically refused to “commit” to <a href="http://thinkprogress.org/2009/08/06/ignani-reform/">ending the controversial practice of rescinding coverage</a> after an applicant files a medical claim. With DDC’s stealth lobbying assistance, AHIP may well kill the public option too. <div class="post_update">Update At the Wonk Room, <a href="http://wonkroom.thinkprogress.org/2009/08/27/data-iwf/">Pat Garofalo reports</a> that DDC also maintains an anti-Employee Free Choice Act website supported by the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Independent_Women%27s_Forum">Independent Women’s Forum</a> (IWF). The IWF, which is running <a href="http://www.iwf.org/share/">anti-health reform ads</a>, is another Koch Industries-funded front group that for a five year period operated out of the same office as Americans for Prosperity. DDC not only serves the health insurance industry, but plays a vital role for the <a href="http://wonkroom.thinkprogress.org/2009/05/29/afp-timphillips-astroturf/">constellation of Koch front groups</a>.</div></div>  <a href="http://thinkprogress.org/2009/08/27/ahip-lobbying-publicoption/">http://thinkprogress.org/2009/08/27/ahip-lobbying-publicoption/</a>  ----see  press suppresion: WHWG responded with a $498,000 base proposal that included funding for the "grassroots mobilization" firm DDC Advocacy, which has been described as a big player in the "astroturf" world of making corporate initiatives look like they are the result of wide and deep grassroots support.<h2>A PR Team Known for Attacking Trial Lawyers</h2>DDC reportedly has also co-chaired an astroturfing "roundtable" with the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=U.S.Chamber_of_Commerce" title="reference on U.S. Chamber of Commerce" target="self">U.S. Chamber of Commerce</a>, which is funded by the biggest global corporations in the world (WHWG has also spearheaded PR campaigns for the U.S. Chamber of Commerce). DDC has also worked on astroturf campaigns in the cyber-world against lawyers who represent injured Americans and in support of so-called "tort reform" that would limit the rights of Americans harmed or killed through corporate neglect or greed. = UnitedHealth Group Incorporated is a large U.S. health insurance company with about 70 million customers. Brands include AmeriChoice (manages various <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Medicare" title="Medicare">Medicare</a> and Medicaid options), Ovations (specializes in people aged 50+), UnitedHealth Group International (in Europe, Latin America, and Asia), and UnitedHealthcare (consumer-oriented health benefit plans). <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=UnitedHealth_Group#cite_note-0" title="">[1]</a>Top competitors are <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Aetna" title="Aetna">Aetna</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Blue_Cross" title="Blue Cross" class="mw-redirect">Blue Cross</a>, and <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=WellPoint" title="WellPoint">WellPoint</a>. In 2006, UnitedHealth had revenues of US$71.5 billion with profits of US$4.1 billion. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=UnitedHealth_Group#cite_note-1" title="">[2]</a> =<div id="mw-content-text" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en">DDC Advocacy, founded in 1996, is a public affairs firm offering strategic planning and technology. It specializes in "helping clients strengthen their voices in the policymaking process by transforming organizations' human and economic assets into powerful political resources."<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_note-NABPAC-0">[1]</a><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_note-1">[2]</a>DDC Advocacy states on its website that it has "expertise in grassroots, PACs, membership development, fundraising, voter election—all the ways in which stakeholders and allies join together to make a difference."<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_note-2">[3]</a>DDC Advocacy is a member of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Public_Affairs_Council" title="Public Affairs Council">Public Affairs Council</a><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_note-3">[4]</a> and is listed as a vendor with the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Association_of_Business_Political_Action_Committees" title="National Association of Business Political Action Committees">National Association of Business Political Action Committees</a> (NABPAC).<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_note-NABPAC-0">[1]</a><table id="toc" class="toc"><tbody><tr><td><div id="toctitle"><h2>Contents</h2> [<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#" class="internal" id="togglelink">hide</a>] </div><ul><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#About_DDC_Advocacy:Alfred_Street_Partners.2C_LLC">1 About DDC Advocacy: Alfred Street Partners, LLC</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#In_the_political_action_committee_banned_soft_money_business">2 In the political action committee banned soft money business</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#In_the_e-voting.26_election_software_business">3 In the e-voting & election software business</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#In_the_astroturfing_business">4 In the astroturfing business</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#In_the_spreading_the_seeds_of_democracy_business">5 In the spreading the seeds of democracy business</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#Googling.22DD.26C_LLC.22">6 Googling "DD&C LLC"</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#Staff">7 Staff</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#Contact_details">8 Contact details</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#Resources_and_articles">9 Resources and articles</a><ul><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#Related_SourceWatch_articles">9.1 Related SourceWatch articles</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#References">9.2 References</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#External_articles">9.3 External articles</a></li></ul></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table><h2>About DDC Advocacy: <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Alfred_Street_Partners,LLC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfred Street Partners, LLC (page does not exist)">Alfred Street Partners, LLC</a></h2>Alfred Street Partners "purchased a majority stake in Democracy Data & Communications in 1997, one year after its founding. DDC Advocacy was built on the idea that technology-based services were overlooking the public affairs departments of corporations, trade associations, and interest groups. In 1997, DDC had revenues of $264k and an operating loss of $156k. By 2004, revenues eclipsed $14 million and operating profits surpassed $2.8 million. The company reached #72 on the 2002 Inc. 500 list. DDC Advocacy includes nine of the Fortune 10 among its clients."<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_note-4">[5]</a><h2>In the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Political_action_committee" title="Political action committee">political action committee</a> banned <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Soft_money" title="Soft money">soft money</a> business</h2>Jonathan D. Salant <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=10000103&sid=as5eokD7VAys&refer=us">reported</a> February 21, 2006, that <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/General_Motors" title="General Motors" class="mw-redirect">General Motors</a> was "one of 66 companies and associations that [had] hired Democracy Data & Communications ... to help them increase donations to their PACs." According to CEO <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=B.R.McConnon_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="B.R. McConnon III (page does not exist)">B.R. McConnon III</a>, DDC's PAC department only had two clients prior to the ban on soft money."Democracy Data advises its clients to talk about the importance of <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Lobbying" title="Lobbying">lobbying</a> and how the PAC helps those efforts. 'Companies want to have a political presence that reflects the size and strength they've established in the marketplace,' says <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Holly_Pitt_Young&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holly Pitt Young (page does not exist)">Holly Pitt Young</a>, a Democracy Data vice president," Salant wrote.<h2>In the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/E-voting" title="E-voting" class="mw-redirect">e-voting</a> & election software business</h2>Democracy Data & Communications is an approved vendor/service provider for "Electronic Filing in California" by the California Secretary of State.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_note-5">[6]</a>DDC is among those <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elections.state.md.us/campaign_finance/electronic_filing/vendor_list.html">listed</a> by the Maryland State Board of Elections as a private vendor of filing software.<h2>In the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Astroturf" title="Astroturf">astroturfing</a> business</h2>Based on posts left on newsrack blog, Thomas Nephew <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pages.prodigy.net/thomasn528/blog/2006_08_20_newsarcv.html#115573804040419389">reported</a> August 22, 2006, that Democracy Data & Communications (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.democracydata.com/ddc-clientlist.pdf">DDC</a>) was in the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Astroturf" title="Astroturf">astroturfing</a> business and had been involved "sotto voce [in] <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Bush_administration" title="Bush administration">Bush administration</a> P.R. campaigns for its <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Medicare" title="Medicare">Medicare</a> and '<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/No_Child_Left_Behind" title="No Child Left Behind" class="mw-redirect">No Child Left Behind</a>' education initiatives."In the February 28, 2006, Daily Kos, Mark G. Levey <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailykos.com/story/2006/2/28/112052/928">wrote</a>: "Democracy Data & Communcations is a big player in the astroturf community. They host the website for the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Grass_Roots_Roundtable&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grass Roots Roundtable (page does not exist)">Grass Roots Roundtable</a>, and they co-chair it with the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/U.S.Chamber_of_Commerce" title="U.S. Chamber of Commerce">U.S. Chamber of Commerce</a>. The board of directors is a regular Who's Who of American industry. They're a big player at the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Public_Affairs_Council" title="Public Affairs Council">Public Affairs Council</a>, and they've earned a reputation as the place to go for astroturf campaigns." Levey first came across DD&C LLC in October 2005, "when they were putting pop-up ads against <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/John_Edwards" title="John Edwards">John Edwards</a> in AOL Instant Messenger. This was for their The Truth About Trial Lawyers site for the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/November_Fund" title="November Fund" class="mw-redirect">November Fund</a> ... a tort-reform astroturf campaign bought and paid for by the U.S. Chamber of Commerce. (Yes, the government was running ads against the Democrats. ...) ... A quick google on their name brought up their site, and a May 2004 post by Mark Kleiman on a very similar campaign on behalf of No Child Left Behind."Levey next "started noodling around their DNS", which led to the discovery that DDC "owned the whole 151.200.70.* netblock" and the further discovery that DCC then owned the following domains:<ul><li>151.200.70.81 voteforcontracting.com</li><li>151.200.70.81 voteforcontracting.org</li><li>151.200.70.81 voteforflorida.com</li><li>151.200.70.81 voteforflorida.org</li><li>151.200.70.81 voteforfranchising.com</li><li>151.200.70.81 voteforgeorgewbush.com</li><li>151.200.70.81 voteforphilanthropy.com</li><li>151.200.70.81 voteforsmallbusiness.com</li><li>151.200.70.81 voteforsmallbusiness.net</li><li>151.200.70.81 voteforsmallbusiness.org</li><li>151.200.70.81 voteforthemeritshop.com</li><li>151.200.70.81 voteforworkingwomen.com</li><li>151.200.70.81 votehardwood.com</li><li>151.200.70.81 votein2004.com</li><li>151.200.70.81 votein2004.org</li><li>151.200.70.81 wisconsinbusinessvotes.com</li><li>151.200.70.81 www.voteforbusiness.com</li></ul>To this Levey asked "is it even legal for the US Chamber of Commerce and Democracy Data & Communications to even be hosting voteforgeorgewbush.com? One has to wonder whether this service was counted toward the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/FEC" title="FEC" class="mw-redirect">FEC</a> campaign contribution limits? Well, it turns out someone was interested.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_note-6">[7]</a> B.R. McConnon, President of Democracy Data & Communcations was subpoenaed to testify before a Senate Committee probing his company's relationship with <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Jack_Abramoff" title="Jack Abramoff">Jack Abramoff</a>'s convicted protege, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Michael_Scanlon" title="Michael Scanlon">Michael Scanlon</a>." Nephew added on August 22, 2006, that the "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnsstuff.com/tools/ptr.ch?ip=151.200.70.81">current list</a> for that particular block appears to be smaller now, and appears to change periodically -- or maybe the 'dnsstuff.com' utility for looking at that block only gets a random dozen or so at a time, I'm no expert on this kind of thing."At any rate," Nephew wrote, "as of the other evening 151.200.70.81 is the IP address for <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.voteforbusiness.com/portal/nei/">votefornuclear.com</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.voteforbusiness.com/portal/abc.asp">voteforthemeritshop.com</a> (builders association twist on 'open shop'), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.voteforbusiness.com/portal/ust.asp">ustvotes.com</a> (UST tobacco corporation voting site) and other organizations that generally funnel interested parties towards a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://voteforbusiness.com/">voteforbusiness.com</a> Chamber of Commerce mothership. One that doesn't is the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Social_Security" title="Social Security" class="mw-redirect">Social Security</a> 'reform' group <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://compasscoalition.com/">compasscoalition.com</a> (<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Coalition_for_the_Modernization_and_Protection_of_America%27s_Social_Security" title="Coalition for the Modernization and Protection of America's Social Security">Coalition for the Modernization and Protection of America's Social Security</a>), which asserts<dl><dd>"'The only viable solution is to modernize Social Security. Modernization would not affect people who are currently in or near retirement. Instead, it would offer younger workers a chance to invest a portion of their payroll taxes in personal savings accounts (PSA). Modernization would be a victory for all Americans and offers many benefits, such as higher retirement payments and personal ownership of PSAs that can be passed on to heirs.'</dd></dl>"Sure," Nephew wrote, "if you ... and Big Tobacco ... and all the rest of the wonderful folks inhabiting this IP address say so," which is what he "saw under 151.200.70.81", although "not a confident Internet sleuth, DDC still appears to own the whole 151.200.70.* IP address range. That leaves a bunch of other 4 number codes to sift through, but there's clearly a bit of a political pattern already."<h2>In the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Spreading_the_seeds_of_democracy" title="Spreading the seeds of democracy">spreading the seeds of democracy</a> business</h2>On March 1, 2006, Democracy Data & Communications, the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/International_Republican_Institute" title="International Republican Institute">International Republican Institute</a> (IRI) and the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Democratic_Institute_for_International_Affairs" title="National Democratic Institute for International Affairs">National Democratic Institute for International Affairs</a> (NDI) conducted an international conference entitled Expanding & Strengthening Democracy: The Role of Technology the U.S. Chamber of Commerce in Washington, DC, a convention of "scholars, practitioners, and politicians from the U.S. and abroad to discuss the impact of technology on democratic processes and institutions."<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_note-Statelists-7">[8]</a>The conference featured a "live satellite hook-up with representatives from NDI and IRI speaking from Baghdad, about the role of technology in <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>'s democratic development."<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_note-Statelists-7">[8]</a>The Breakfast Keynote Addresses were delivered by <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Jim_Kolbe" title="Jim Kolbe">Jim Kolbe</a>, (R-AZ) and <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Anna_Eshoo" title="Anna Eshoo">Anna Eshoo</a> (D-CA), <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/U.S.House_of_Representatives" title="U.S. House of Representatives" class="mw-redirect">U.S. House of Representatives</a>.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_note-Statelists-7">[8]</a><h2>Googling "DD&C LLC"</h2>A September 4, 2006, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=DD%26C+LLC&btnG=Google+Search">Google search</a> for DD&C LLC found the following sites "Hosted & Developed by DD&C, LLC":<ul><li>AEP Committees for Responsible Government: "<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Political_action_committee" title="Political action committee">political action committees</a> (PAC) established for the purpose of making campaign contributions to candidates in federal and state elections by AEP employees, shareholders, and their families."—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aeppac.com/ssl/default.aspx">AEPPAC.COM</a></li><li>Americans for Growth Through Trade. "A project of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Business_Roundtable" title="Business Roundtable">Business Roundtable</a>"—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freetradeusa.org/reg_login.aspx">FREETRADEUSA.ORG</a></li><li>CAMR News / Coalition for the Advancement of Medical Research (University of Michigan)—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://camradvocacy.org/privacy_policy.aspx">CAMRADVOCACY.ORG</a></li><li>Fannie Mae PAC—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fanniemaepac.com/ssl/default.asp">FANNIEMAEPAC.COM</a></li><li>Ford Motor Company PCP System (PAC Check Request/Application)—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fmc-pac.com/">FMC-PAC.COM</a></li><li>GENWORTH PACWEB—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.epacweb.com/genworth/">EPACWEB.COM</a></li><li>Get Michigan Working!—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.improvingtelecom.org/registration_form.asp?subject=141">IMPROVINGTELECOM.ORG</a></li><li>Get Out the Vote: "KPMG LLP, the U.S. member firm of KPMG International, a Swiss cooperative"—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kpmgvotes.com/ssl/">KPMGVOTES.COM</a></li><li>Get Out the Vote: <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Susan_B.Anthony_List" title="Susan B. Anthony List">Susan B. Anthony List</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://demo.democracydata.com/sba-list/gotv/us_candidates.asp">[1]</a></li><li>Health Check Coalition—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ushealthchecknow.com/">USHEALTHCHECKNOW.COM</a></li><li>Insure America Against Terrorism—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.terrorism-insurance.org/">TERRORISM-INSURANCE.ORG</a></li><li>Maryland Independent College and University Association's Capitol Connect—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.micuaconnection.com/">MICUACONNECTION.COM</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>'s Freedom to Innovate Network—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freetoinnovate.com/privacy.asp">FREETOINNOVATE.COM</a></li><li>Minnesota Gambling/Capitol Connection—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highstakesmn.org/intro.asp?subject=343">HIGHSTAKESMN.ORG</a></li><li>Northwestern Mutual—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nmpacchecks.com/ssl/default.asp">NMPACCHECKS.COM</a></li><li>Norton Healthcare—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nortonadvocates.com/">NORTONADVOCATES.COM</a></li><li>Patients' Action Network <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/American_Medical_Association" title="American Medical Association">American Medical Association</a>—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.patientsactionnetwork.com/index.aspx">PATIENTSACTIONNETWORK.COM</a></li><li>UST Executives Administrators and Managers Political Action Committee—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usteampac.com/request/default.asp">USTEAMPAC.COM</a></li></ul><ul><li>Also see the DD&C LLC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.democracydata.com/ddc-clientlist.pdf">"Select Client List"</a>.</li></ul><h2>Staff</h2>The staff for DDC can be found on the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ddcadvocacy.com/about/meet-our-team/">listing on its corporate website</a>.Former staff include <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Jeffrey_Morris" title="Jeffrey Morris">Jeffrey Morris</a>, who was a Senior Field Manager from 2008-2010.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_note-8">[9]</a><h2>Contact details</h2>DDC Advocacy
44 Canal Center Plaza, Suite 200
Alexandria, VA 22314
Phone: 703 684-9690
Fax: 703 683-9626
Website: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ddcadvocacy.com/">http://www.ddcadvocacy.com/</a>
email: info AT ddcadvocacy.com or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ddcadvocacy.com/contact/">use webmail form</a>
 <h2>Resources and articles</h2><h3>Related SourceWatch articles</h3><ul><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/America%27s_Health_Insurance_Plans" title="America's Health Insurance Plans">America's Health Insurance Plans</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Astroturf_blogging" title="Astroturf blogging">Astroturf blogging</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Freedom%27s_Watch" title="Freedom's Watch">Freedom's Watch</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Mining_Association" title="National Mining Association">National Mining Association</a> (client)</li></ul><h3>References</h3><ol class="references"><li id="cite_note-NABPAC-0">↑ <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_ref-NABPAC_0-0">1.0</a> <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_ref-NABPAC_0-1">1.1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nabpac.org/vendors/vendor_view.php?ID=5">NABPAC</a></li><li id="cite_note-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lobbysearch.com/advocacy_tools.htm">Lobby Search</a></li><li id="cite_note-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.democracydata.com/">Democracy Data</a></li><li id="cite_note-3"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_ref-3">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pac.org/page/MemberDir-Industr.shtml">PAC Member Directory</a></li><li id="cite_note-4"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_ref-4">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alfredstreetpartners.com/ventures.htm">Alfred Street Partners Ventures</a></li><li id="cite_note-5"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_ref-5">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ss.ca.gov/prd/approved_vendors.htm">CA Secretary of State Approved Vendors</a></li><li id="cite_note-6"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_ref-6">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hillnews.com/thehill/export/TheHill/News/Frontpage/110105/news3.html">The Hill</a></li><li id="cite_note-Statelists-7">↑ <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_ref-Statelists_7-0">8.0</a> <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_ref-Statelists_7-1">8.1</a> <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_ref-Statelists_7-2">8.2</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://statelists.state.gov/scripts/wa.exe?A2=ind0602c&L=fpc&O=A&P=486">Statelists</a></li><li id="cite_note-8"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democracy_Data%26_Communications%2C_LLC%28DDC%29#cite_ref-8">↑</a> Jeffrey Morris, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.linkedin.com/in/dcjeffa">Jeffrey Morris</a>, LinkedIn online profile, accessed January 19, 2012</li></ol><h3>External articles</h3><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.growfastgrowright.com/gfgrdreamteam_johnbrady.htm">Profile: John Brady, Marketing Strategies</a>, Grow Fast, Grow Right Dream Team, and Managing Partner, Alfred Street Partners <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.alfredstreetpartners.com/team.htm">[2]</a>.</li><li>Garance Franke-Ruta, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dc.internet.com/news/article.php/296751">"Politics.com Gains Four New Partners,"</a> internetnews.com, January 28, 2000: "And the agreement with Alexandria, Va.-based Democracy Data & Communications allows Politics.com users to lookup their elected representatives with a DDC search engine that identifies state and federal legislators when unique addresses are entered."</li><li>Mark Kleiman, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.samefacts.com/archives//2004/05/astroturf_politics_and_nclb.php">"Astroturf politics and NCLB,"</a> The Reality-Based Community, May 1, 2004.</li><li>Wayne Rash, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eweek.com/article2/0,1759,1683849,00.asp">"Campaigners Take Messages to Streaming AIM Video,"</a> eWeek.com, October 26, 2004.</li><li>Frank Barnako, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marketwatch.com/News/Story/Story.aspx?guid=%7B465019BE-81E2-4239-8B4A-2A2F8B9B1B33%7D&siteid=mktw">"Meeker sees money in blogs,"</a> MarketWatch.com, October 27, 2004.</li><li>Martin Geddes, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telepocalypse.net/archives/000548.html">"Astroturfed Out,"</a> Telepocalypse, December 9, 2004.</li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cov.com/download/pressrelease/oid17938/050628A.pdf#search=%22%22Democracy%20Data%20%26%20Communications%22%22">Press Release: "Covington & Burling and Democracy, Data & Communications Announce Alliance,"</a> <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covington%26_Burling" title="Covington & Burling">Covington & Burling</a>, June 28, 2005. Also see C&B <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cov.com/practices/oid30641/description.html">description</a>.</li><li>Jeffrey H. Birnbaum, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/07/10/AR2005071001011.html">"On Capitol Hill, the Inboxes Are Overflowing,"</a> Washington Post, July 11, 2005.</li><li>Josephine Hearn, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hillnews.com/thehill/export/TheHill/News/Frontpage/110105/news3.html">"McCain puts ex-official on hot seat,"</a> The Hill, November 1, 2005: "Two people who had business dealings with Scanlon are expected to appear: B.R. McConnon, president of Democracy Data & Communications,..."</li><li>Jonathan D. Salant, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=10000103&sid=as5eokD7VAys&refer=us">"GM, Comcast, Pfizer Boost Political Giving, Skirt Federal Ban,"</a> Bloomberg, February 21, 2006.</li><li>Mark G. Levey, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailykos.com/story/2006/2/28/112052/928">"A Job You Might Not Want to Apply For, Unless You're Jack Abramoff,"</a> Daily Kos, February 28, 2006.</li><li>Beth Wellington, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.llrx.com/features/onlinefreespeech.htm">"Campaign Finance and the Internet: A Commentary on the Online Freedom of Speech Act,"</a> LLRX.com, March 21, 2006.</li><li>Brendan Buhler and J. Patrick Coolican, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lasvegassun.com/sunbin/stories/sun/2006/aug/14/566679393.html">"Shoe leather and phones: GOP goes retro,"</a> Las Vegas Sun, August 14, 2006.</li><li>Jeffrey H. Birnbaum, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/08/20/AR2006082000440_pf.html">"Targeting Likely Advocates With Web Ads,"</a> Washington Post, August 21, 2006.</li><li>Thomas Nephew, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pages.prodigy.net/thomasn528/blog/2006_08_20_newsarcv.html#115573804040419389">"'Their voice. Amplified.' or Why I'm banning 151.200.70.* comments,"</a> newsrack, August 22, 2006.</li><li>Trudy Lieberman, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cjr.org/campaign_desk/a_laurel_to_the_eagletribune.php">A Laurel to the Eagle-Tribune: Paper gets Astroturfed and smells a rat</a>," Columbia Journalism Review Campaign Desk, April 24, 2009.</li></ul></div><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>:<ul><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Category:Public_relations/Astroturf" title="Category:Public relations/Astroturf">Public relations/Astroturf</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Category:Politics%28U.S.%29" title="Category:Politics (U.S.)">Politics (U.S.)</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Category:Elections%28U.S.%29" title="Category:Elections (U.S.)">Elections (U.S.)</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Category:Ethics" title="Category:Ethics">Ethics</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Category:Public_relations_firms" title="Category:Public relations firms">Public relations firms</a></li></ul><div>
</div><div>=</div><div>MAY NOT BE ALL cic</div><div>
</div><div><div style=""><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">United States Chamber of Commerce Integrated Web Strategy 2008 $1,225,909.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">United States Chamber of Commerce Presentation Testing 2008 $452,450.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Solar Energy Industries Association Crosscut Strategies 2018 $251,005.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Solar Energy Industries Association Crosscut Strategies 2018 $451,005.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Solar Energy Industries Association Greentech Media 2014 $161,363.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Solar Energy Industries Association Greentech Media 2013 $206,338.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Solar Energy Industries Association Blue Worldwide 2011 $410,790.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Solar Energy Industries Association Tiger Communications 2011 $275,915.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Solar Energy Industries Association Forum One Communications 2011 $160,200.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Solar Energy Industries Association Tiger Communications 2010 $272,164.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Solar Energy Industries Association Blake & Company 2010 $141,343.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Solar Energy Industries Association Tiger Communications 2009 $277,035.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Solar Energy Industries Association Pillsbury Winthrop 2009 $143,719.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Solar Energy Industries Association Tiger Communications 2008 $282,561.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Bully Pullpit Interactive LLC 2018 $1,297,500.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute APCO Worldwide 2017 $5,801,384.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Bully Pulpit Interactive 2017 $1,129,201.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute APCO Worldwide 2016 $1,152,606.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Hill+Knowlton 2016 $1,624,600.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Kivvit 2016 $4,887,451.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">p 4</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Kivvit 2015 $7,231,176.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Hill+Knowlton 2015 $1,997,011.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Smith & Harroff Inc 2015 $931,512.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Hill+Knowlton 2014 $2,194,235.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Potomac Communications Group 2014 $486,715.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Smith & Harroff Inc 2014 $1,602,939.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Smith & Harroff Inc 2013 $1,876,578.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Hill+Knowlton 2013 $1,796,853.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Potomac Communications Group 2013 $462,956.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Hill+Knowlton 2012 $4,964,386.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Burson-Marsteller 2012 $294,414.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Smith & Harroff Inc 2012 $4,463,288.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Potomac Communications Group 2012 $491,602.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Smith & Harroff Inc 2011 $4,720,107.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Hill+Knowlton 2011 $4,107,578.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Luntz Global LLC 2011 $547,256.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Smith & Harroff Inc 2010 $1,867,491.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Hill+Knowlton 2010 $2,128,574.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Potomac Communications Group 2010 $403,107.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nuclear Energy Institute Smith & Harroff Inc 2009 $2,221,698.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">...page 8</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers DCI Group 2016 $1,851,461.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers Edelman 2016 $1,199,953.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers DCI Group 2015 $3,424,574.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers FTI Consulting 2015 $7,942,891.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers Mentzer Media Services 2015 $1,867,890.00</div><div style="">National Association of Manufacturers Democracy Data & Communications 2015 $1,582,784.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers Hamilton Place Strategies 2015 $1,441,979.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers DCI Group 2014 $1,770,200.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers Target Enterprises 2014 $1,425,743.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers IMGE 2014 $916,645.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers DCI Group 2013 $1,770,200.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers Multi Media Services 2012 $2,587,236.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers Edelman 2013 $1,610,413.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers Target Enterprises 2012 $1,443,489.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers Edelman 2012 $1,080,878.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers Gallatin Public Affairs 2012 $553,190.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers Target Enterprises 2010 $3,748,483.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers Target Enterprises 2011 $3,800,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers Cove Strategies 2010 $165,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers Target Enterprises 2009 $4,400,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">p 9</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers DCI Group 2008 $2,543,079.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">National Association of Manufacturers FleishmanHillard 2008 $402,500.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Interstate Natural Gas Association of America Bracewell & Giuliani 2017 $204,109.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Interstate Natural Gas Association of America Icemiller Strategies 2017 $120,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Growth Energy GRP Buying 2018 $2,019,657.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Growth Energy RCR 2018 $2,803,637.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Growth Energy Plus Communications 2018 $1,826,908.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Growth Energy NASCAR 2018 $2,000,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Growth Energy NASCAR 2017 $3,500,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Growth Energy NASCAR 2016 $5,600,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Growth Energy FP1 Public Affairs 2017 $2,494,435.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Growth Energy FP1 Public Affairs 2016 $2,464,619.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Growth Energy RCR 2016 $3,963,615.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Growth Energy RCR 2015 $2,131,950.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Growth Energy NASCAR 2015 $5,600,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Growth Energy America's Renewable Future 2015 $1,250,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Growth Energy FUELSAMERICA 2015 $1,000,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Growth Energy NASCAR 2014 $5,600,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Growth Energy RCR 2014 $2,731,782.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Growth Energy Americans United For Change 2014 $1,582,450.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">p 11</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Edison Electric Institute Net Communications 2015 $750,599.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Edison Electric Institute Sloane & Company 2015 $391,995.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Edison Electric Institute Edelman 2013 $1,091,122.00</div><div style="">Edison Electric Institute Democracy Data & Communications 2014 $1,326,106.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Edison Electric Institute R&R Partners 2013 $515,811.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Edison Electric Institute Edelman 2012 $683,183.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Edison Electric Institute Democracy Data & Communications 2012 $548,163.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Edison Electric Institute GC Strategic Advocacy 2009 $543,940.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Wind Energy Association IMGE 2017 $727,470.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Edison Electric Institute GC Strategic Advocacy 2008 $1,100,597.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Wind Energy Association Capital Counsel 2013 $250,328.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Wind Energy Association Revolution Media Group 2011 $1,046,395.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Wind Energy Association Elmendorf Strategies 2014 $180,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Wind Energy Association Rosen Group 2009 $334,995.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Wind Energy Association Revolution Media Group 2012 $1,722,452.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute GSD&M 2018 $31,989,809.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Wind Energy Association New Media 2011 $744,274.00</div><div style="">American Petroleum Institute DDC Advocacy 2018 $7,735,244.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Pool House 2018 $3,299,340.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute GSD&M 2017 $30,396,324.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">p12</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Blue Advertising 2016 $24,355,069.00</div><div style="">American Petroleum Institute Democracy Data & Communications 2017 $6,922,626.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Advocates Inc 2017 $4,039,363.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute FleishmanHillard 2016 $9,515,924.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Democracy Data & Communications 2016 $6,738,577.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Advocates Inc 2016 $4,090,899.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Blue Advertising 2015 $26,890,598.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Designated Market Media 2015 $10,840,597.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute FleishmanHillard 2015 $18,255,218.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Democracy Data & Communications 2015 $7,466,543.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Blue Advertising 2014 $28,272,065.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute FleishmanHillard 2014 $17,254,064.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Designated Market Media 2014 $8,144,795.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Democracy Data & Communications 2014 $6,961,184.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Blue Advertising 2013 $32,834,698.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Designated Market Media 2013 $6,124,143.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute FleishmanHillard 2013 $23,941,600.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Democracy Data & Communications 2013 $5,553,397.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Edelman 2012 $51,917,692.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute FleishmanHillard 2012 $22,782,020.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">p13</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Designated Market Media 2012 $5,289,804.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Democracy Data & Communications 2012 $5,529,594.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Advocates Inc 2011 $5,430,224.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Edelman 2011 $68,306,448.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute FleishmanHillard 2011 $4,846,056.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Democracy Data & Communications 2011 $4,089,200.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Edelman 2010 $63,228,379.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Advocates Inc 2010 $3,843,563.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Edelman 2009 $68,732,735.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Advocates Inc 2009 $3,138,667.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute Edelman 2008 $75,207,455.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Petroleum Institute DC Navigators 2008 $2,300,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Natural Gas Alliance Glover Park 2014 $2,597,208.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Natural Gas Alliance Porter Novelli 2014 $683,645.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Natural Gas Alliance Porter Novelli 2013 $1,171,558.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Natural Gas Alliance Glover Park 2013 $2,777,189.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Natural Gas Alliance Gladstein Neandross & Associates 2013 $934,016.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Natural Gas Alliance Glover Park 2012 $2,963,161.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Natural Gas Alliance Dewey Square 2012 $738,957.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Natural Gas Alliance Dewey Square 2011 $1,475,506.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">p 15</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers Just Add Firewater 2018 $771,978.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers Singer Associates 2017 $4,080,436.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers Edelman 2016 $1,595,348.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers Dezenhall Resources 2017 $1,500,546.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers Edelman 2014 $4,011,828.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers Edelman 2015 $2,996,049.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers American Energy Alliance 2014 $350,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers Edelman 2013 $3,034,064.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers American Energy Alliance 2013 $450,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers Consumer Energy Alliance 2013 $522,500.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers American Energy Alliance 2012 $895,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers Consumer Energy Alliance 2012 $790,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers Creative Response Concepts 2012 $722,205.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers Edelman 2012 $638,494.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers Consumer Energy Alliance 2011 $1,045,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers Prisim Public Affairs 2010 $250,194.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Eletricity DCI Group 2018 $247,277.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers Bevendge Seay 2009 $168,678.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity DCI Group 2017 $490,770.00</div><div style="">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity Democracy Data & Communications 2016 $1,093,877.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">p 16</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity DCI Group 2016 $673,111.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity Stateside Associates 2016 $252,045.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity DCI Group 2015 $1,583,262.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity Causeway Soultions 2015 $513,891.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity Democracy Data & Communications 2015 $387,902.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity Blueprint Communications 2015 $300,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity Real Clear Holdings 2015 $346,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity DCI Group 2014 $2,083,525.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity NJI Media 2014 $313,775.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity Wilkinson Barker Knauer LLP 2014 $240,399.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity Blueprint Communications 2014 $240,000.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity JDA Frontline 2013 $650,108.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity DCI Group 2013 $2,811,881.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity White and Partners 2012 $16,169,526.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity New Media Strategies 2012 $4,018,884.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity Hawthorn Group 2012 $1,591,098.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity DCI Group 2012 $1,187,219.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity White and Partners 2011 $23,943,108.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity Hawthorn Group 2011 $2,008,860.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">American Coalition on Clean Coal Electricity R&R Partners 2011 $1,626,678.00</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">end?</div></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"></div></div><div>===</div></div></div>