Cinnamaldehyde
See also: Hydroxycinnamic acids / Phenylpropanoids
Cinnamaldehyde is a pale yellow liquid with a warm, sweet, spicy odor and a pungent taste reminiscent of cinnamon.It is also listed at GRAS. It is used as a flavor in bakery goods, confection, beverages, toothpaste etc. It is also use in air fresheners. Cinnamaldehyde has many other uses, eg, animal repellent, plant protection against nematodes, flea repellent, an antimicrobial agent.
CNM has several reported pharmacological activities that include antimicrobial, antivirulence, antioxidant and imunommodulatory effects.
- Chemistry, Antimicrobial Mechanisms, and Antibiotic Activities of Cinnamaldehyde against Pathogenic Bacteria in Animal Feeds and Human Foods
- Pharmacological activities of cinnamaldehyde and eugenol: antioxidant, cytotoxic and anti-leishmanial studies
- Medicinal attributes of major phenylpropanoids present in cinnamon
- Cinnamaldehyde induces changes in the protein profile of Salmonella Typhimurium biofilm
Acute Lung Injury
Antibacterial
- Cinnamaldehyde suppressed H. pylori induced NF-κB activation and prevented degradation of inhibitor (I)-κB.
- Cinnamaldehyde Induces Expression of Efflux Pumps and Multidrug Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Eucalyptol, sabinene and cinnamaldehyde could be potent inhibitors of salmonella target protein L-asparaginase.
- A review of cinnamaldehyde and its derivatives as antibacterial agents
- Cinnamaldehyde for the treatment of microbial infections: evidence obtained from experimental models.
Antiviral
- The Antiadenovirus Activities of Cinnamaldehyde In Vitro
- SARS-CoV-2 infection as a model to study the effect of cinnamaldehyde as adjuvant therapy for viral pneumonia.
Bones
Cinnamaldehyde alleviates bone loss by targeting oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage
Cancer
- Cinnamaldehyde suppresses AOM/DSS-induced inflammatory colon carcinogenesis by modulation of molecular markers of colorectal carcinogenesis.
- Cinnamaldehyde induces cell apoptosis mediated by a novel circular RNA hsa_circ_0043256 in non-small cell lung cancer
- Cinnamaldehyde induces apoptosis and reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition through inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in non-small cell lung cancer
- Modifying Effect of Cinnamaldehyde and Cinnamaldehyde Derivatives on Cell Inactivation and Cellular Uptake of cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum(II) in Human NHIK 3025 Cells
- Cinnamaldehyde treatment of prostate cancer-associated fibroblasts prevents their inhibitory effect on T cells.
- Cinnamaldehyde induces endogenous apoptosis of the prostate cancer-associated fibroblasts.
- Cinnamaldehyde inhibits the function of osteosarcoma.
- Cinnamaldehyde induces autophagy-mediated cell death through ER stress and epigenetic modification in gastric cancer cells.
- Natural compounds and breast cancer: chemo-preventive and therapeutic capabilities of chlorogenic acid and cinnamaldehyde.
Candida
Cardiovascular
- The therapeutic roles of cinnamaldehyde against cardiovascular diseases.
- Cardioprotective effect of cinnamaldehyde pretreatment on ischemia/ reperfusion injury.
- Cinnamaldehyde protects cardiomyocytes from oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced lipid peroxidation and DNA damage.
COVID-19
Diabetes
- Cinnamaldehyde supplementation is shown to improve glucose and lipid homeostasis in diabetic animals.
- Cinnamaldehyde improves metabolic functions in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice by regulating gut microbiota.
- Cinnamaldehyde and curcumin prime Akt2 for insulin-stimulated activation.
Immune System Effects
- Cinnamaldehyde has a protective effect in the endotoxin poisoned mice through the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
- Dietary cinnamaldehyde enhances acquisition of specific antibodies following helminth infection in pigs
- Cinnamaldehyde inhibits lymphocyte proliferation and modulates T-cell differentiation.
- trans-Cinnamaldehyde Inhibits Microglial Activation and Improves Neuronal Survival against Neuroinflammation in BV2 Microglial Cells with Lipopolysaccharide Stimulation
Neuroprotective
- Natural cinnamaldehyde and its derivatives ameliorate neuroinflammatory pathways in neurodegenerative diseases.
- Improvement effect of cinnamaldehyde on reserpine-induced Parkinson's disease.
NFkB
- Cinnamaldehyde and 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde as NF-kappaB inhibitors from Cinnamomum cassia.
- Cinnamaldehyde protected endothelial dysfunction under high glucose conditions and this effect was mediated by Nrf2 activation and the up-regulation of downstream target proteins.
- Suppression of age-related inflammatory NF-kappaB activation by cinnamaldehyde
Obesity/Overweight
- Cinnamaldehyde exhibits anti-adipogenic properties.
- Cinnamaldehyde exhibits therapeutic potency against obesity by inducing the browning of white adipose tissue.
Osteoarthritis
Osteoporosis
Cinnamaldehyde attenuates streptozocin-induced diabetic osteoporosis.
Oxidative Stress
- Cinnamaldehyde is a potential therapeutic agent for cell protection against oxidative stress.
- These results indicate cinnamaldehyde has a potential protective effect against glutamate-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in PC12 cells.
Periodontitis
Cinnamaldehyde protects against ligature-induced periodontitis.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Cinnamaldehyde suppresses NLRP3 derived IL-1β via activating succinate/HIF-1 in rheumatoid arthritis.
- Cinnamaldehyde attenuates the progression of rheumatoid arthritis.
Other Effects
- Inactivation of CYP2A6 by the Dietary Phenylpropanoid trans-Cinnamic Aldehyde (Cinnamaldehyde) and Estimation of Interactions with Nicotine and Letrozole.
- Cinnamaldehyde and hesperetin attenuate TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis.
- In vitro effect of eugenol and cinnamaldehyde on membrane potential and respiratory chain complexes in isolated rat liver mitochondria
- Inhibitory effect of 2’-hydroxycinnamaldehyde on nitric oxide production through inhibition of NF-kappa B activation in RAW 264.7 cells.
- Comparative effects of parent and heated cinnamaldehyde on the function of human iPSC-derived cardiac myocytes
- Cinnamaldehyde has antifibrotic effects on rats with epidural fibrosis.
- Anti-inflammatory and tissue repair effect of cinnamaldehyde and nano cinnamaldehyde on gingival fibroblasts and macrophages.