mandate for leadership

<div>
</div><div>=</div><div>
</div><div><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership</a></div><div>
</div><div><div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="direction: ltr;"><div class="mw-parser-output" style="">Mandate for Leadership is a series of books published by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Heritage_Foundation" title="The Heritage Foundation" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">The Heritage Foundation</a>, an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">American conservative</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Think-tank" class="mw-redirect" title="Think-tank" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">think-tank</a> based in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,D.C." title="Washington, D.C." style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Washington, D.C.</a> They are intended to serve as guidelines for reducing the size and scope of the federal government through specific policy recommendations.  The books have traditionally been released to coincide with an incoming <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">U.S.</a> presidential administration, starting with the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidency of Ronald Reagan" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Reagan administration</a> in 1981. The latest edition was published in 2005.
<div id="toc" class="toc" style="background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 7px; display: table; zoom: 1;"><ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0.3em 0px; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#Early_development" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Early development</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#Mandate_I" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2Mandate I</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#Mandate_II_and_III" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">3Mandate II and III</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#Mandate_IV" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">4Mandate IV</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#Mandate_V" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">5Mandate V</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#Mandate_VI" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">6Mandate VI</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#References" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">7References</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#External_links" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">8External links</a></li></ul></div><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177);" linux="Linux" libertine="Libertine" georgia="Georgia" times="Times" serif="serif" line-height="line-height">Early development[</h2>In 1979, at a Heritage Foundation trustees' meeting, it was suggested by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Eckerd" title="Jack Eckerd" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Jack Eckerd</a>, former head of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Services_Administration" title="General Services Administration" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">General Services Administration</a> under <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Gerald Ford</a>, that the Foundation draw up a conservative plan of action for the next presidential administration in January 1981. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Krieble" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Krieble" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Robert Krieble</a> proposed that Heritage produce a manual to help policymakers “cut the size of government and manage it more effectively.”<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-TPOI-3-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[1]</a>The overall direction of the Heritage study was undertaken by Charles Heatherly, a former field director of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercollegiate_Studies_Institute" title="Intercollegiate Studies Institute" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Intercollegiate Studies Institute</a>. In late January 1980, Heatherly produced a five-page outline titled “Mandate for Leadership.” Heatherly explained that the purpose of the project was to present concrete proposals to “revitalize our economy, strengthen our national security and halt the centralization of power in the federal government.”<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-TPOI-3-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[1]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-Mandate-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[2]</a>Both the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_presidential_campaign,1980" title="Ronald Reagan presidential campaign, 1980" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Reagan-Bush</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carter-Mondale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carter-Mondale (page does not exist)" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Carter-Mondale</a> campaigns were approached by Heritage to discuss the project. However, they only received a reply from the Reagan–Bush campaign, and in July 1980, Reagan aide <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_Meese" title="Edwin Meese" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Edwin Meese</a> was a surprise guest at a dinner held by Heritage for the project’s team chairmen and co-chairmen. There, Meese gave the Heritage study “his blessing,” which was seen as a sign of the Reagan administration's receptiveness of the project.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-TPOI-3-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[1]</a><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177);" linux="Linux" libertine="Libertine" georgia="Georgia" times="Times" serif="serif" line-height="line-height">Mandate I[</h2>In January 1981, Mandate for Leadership was released as a 20 volume, 3,000 page publication. Mandate contained more than 2,000 individual suggestions to move the federal government in a conservative direction, focusing on management and administration. The report "presented an explicit plan for reshaping public discourse on civil rights issues<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a>". To that end, it recommended the Justice Department "halt its affirmative action policies to remedy past discrimination against women and other minorities."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a>Specific suggestions related to spending included raising the defense budget by $20 billion in fiscal year 1981 and increasing it by an average of $35 billion over the next five years; establishing urban “<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Enterprise zone" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">enterprise zones</a>” to encourage businesses to move into the nation’s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inner_city" title="Inner city" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">inner cities</a>; reducing personal income tax rates by 10 percent across the board; calling for line-item veto power by the president; and developing a new strategic bomber by using <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockwell_B-1_Lancer" title="Rockwell B-1 Lancer" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">B-1</a> and advanced bomber technology.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-TPOI-3-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[1]</a>At the first meeting of his cabinet, President Reagan passed out copies of Mandate, and many of the study’s authors were recruited into the White House administration. In particular, the Reagan administration hired key Mandate contributors <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Bennett" title="William Bennett" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Bill Bennett</a> as chairman of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">National Endowment for the Humanities</a> (and later as Secretary of Education) and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_G.Watt" title="James G. Watt" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">James G. Watt</a> as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Secretary of the Interior</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-NRO-5" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">[5]</a>According to the authors of Mandate, around 60% of Mandate for Leadership's 2,000 proposals had been implemented or initiated at the end of Reagan’s first year in office.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-TPOI-3-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[1]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-Holwill-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[6]</a> In a report on the first year of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidency of Ronald Reagan" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Reagan administration</a>, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heritage_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Heritage Foundation" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Heritage Foundation</a> expressed particular disappointment with the government's defense and foreign policy, while it lauded the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_of_Management_and_Budget" title="Office of Management and Budget" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Office of Management and Budget</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-7" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[7]</a>Mandate for Leadership appeared on the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Washington Post</a>'s paperback bestseller list<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-TPOI-3-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[1]</a> and the Post called it “an action plan for turning the government toward the right as fast as possible.”<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-Omang-8" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[8]</a> The New York Times in 2002 called it “the manifesto of the Reagan revolution.”<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-Dowie-9" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[9]</a><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177);" linux="Linux" libertine="Libertine" georgia="Georgia" times="Times" serif="serif" line-height="line-height">Mandate II and III[</h2>In 1984, Heritage released Mandate for Leadership II: Continuing the Conservative Revolution. The study featured 1,300 recommendations from 150 contributors, and continued the original Mandate's aim of reforming the federal government and strengthening U.S. defenses.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-NYT1-10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[10]</a> Heritage published its third manual for an incoming administration in 1988, titled Mandate for Leadership III: Policy Strategies for the 1990s. This edition was edited by Charles Heatherly and Burt Pines.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-TPOI-4-11" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[11]</a><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177);" linux="Linux" libertine="Libertine" georgia="Georgia" times="Times" serif="serif" line-height="line-height">Mandate IV[</h2>Prior to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,1996" title="United States presidential election, 1996" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">1996 presidential election</a> Heritage published the fourth Mandate for Leadership edition. Mandate IV was aimed at Congress, and focused on presenting a political strategy for Congress to continue the conservative policies of the outgoing Republican presidential administration.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-TPOI-7-12" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[12]</a> This edition of Mandate was offered as study material at an orientation conference attended by both Democratic and Republican freshman congressmen held by The Heritage Foundation and Empower America.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-Lambro-13" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[13]</a> In particular, a chapter on moving an agenda through Congress was recommended by Senate Majority Leader Trent Lott to House Speaker Newt Gingrich.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-Lambro-13" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[13]</a><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177);" linux="Linux" libertine="Libertine" georgia="Georgia" times="Times" serif="serif" line-height="line-height">Mandate V[</h2>The fifth edition in the Mandate series, Mandate for Leadership 2000, included the edited transcripts of nine nonpartisan public sessions held by Heritage in 2000 called “The Keys to a Successful Presidency”. The forums focused on how past presidents and administrations implemented their policy agendas from their first day in office. Participants included <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Panetta" title="Leon Panetta" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Leon Panetta</a>, former chief of staff to President Clinton; <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Anderson(economist)" title="Martin Anderson (economist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Martin Anderson</a>, who advised President Reagan on domestic policy; <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zbigniew_Brzezinski" title="Zbigniew Brzezinski" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Zbigniew Brzezinski</a>, national security adviser to President Carter; and columnist <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Novak" title="Robert Novak" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Robert Novak</a>. Historian and former congressional aide, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alvin_S.Felzenberg" title="Alvin S. Felzenberg" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Alvin S. Felzenberg</a> was Mandate for Leadership 2000's project director.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-TPOI-7-12" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[12]</a><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177);" linux="Linux" libertine="Libertine" georgia="Georgia" times="Times" serif="serif" line-height="line-height">Mandate VI[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandate_for_Leadership&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Mandate VI" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h2>In 2005, Heritage published the sixth, and most recent, edition of Mandate for Leadership. This edition of Mandate was just 156 pages long. According to Heritage, the shorter length reflected that policies and ideas from the early Mandate editions had, by the time of this publication, largely become part of the mainstream debate.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-NRO-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[5]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_note-14" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[14]</a><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177);" linux="Linux" libertine="Libertine" georgia="Georgia" times="Times" serif="serif" line-height="line-height">References[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandate_for_Leadership&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h2><div class="reflist" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.5em; list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns" style="column-width: 30em;"><ol class="references" style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 3.2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: inherit;"><li id="cite_note-TPOI-3-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-TPOI-3_1-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-TPOI-3_1-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">b</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-TPOI-3_1-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">c</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-TPOI-3_1-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">d</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-TPOI-3_1-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">e</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-TPOI-3_1-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">f</a> <cite class="citation book" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Edwards" title="Lee Edwards" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Edwards, Lee</a>. The Power of Ideas. Ottawa, Illinois: Jameson Books. pp. 41–68. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-915463-77-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-915463-77-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">0-915463-77-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Power+of+Ideas&rft.place=Ottawa%2C+Illinois&rft.pages=41-68&rft.pub=Jameson+Books&rft.isbn=0-915463-77-6&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=Lee&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandate+for+Leadership" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-Mandate-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-Mandate_2-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation book" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Heatherly, Charles (1981). Mandate for Leadership: Policy Management in a Conservative Administration. Washington, D.C.: The Heritage Foundation. p. vii.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mandate+for+Leadership%3A+Policy+Management+in+a+Conservative+Administration&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=vii&rft.pub=The+Heritage+Foundation&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Heatherly&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandate+for+Leadership" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation book" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Horton, Carol A. (2005-09-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.de/books?id=DmjnBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT211&lpg=PT211&dq=%22Mandate+for+leadership+II%22+%22for+20+years,+the+most+important+battle+in+the+civil+rights+field%22&source=bl&ots=TV22_bp9Dj&sig=fOJjM01a52c3tnC_0oK2DUauDxw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiL47Das7HWAhUGJ1AKHbUsCVMQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22Mandate%20for%20leadership%20II%22%20%22for%2020%20years,%20the%20most%20important%20battle%20in%20the%20civil%20rights%20field%22&f=false" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Race and the Making of American Liberalism</a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780190286675" title="Special:BookSources/9780190286675" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">9780190286675</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Race+and+the+Making+of+American+Liberalism&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005-09-08&rft.isbn=9780190286675&rft.aulast=Horton&rft.aufirst=Carol+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.de%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDmjnBwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT211%26lpg%3DPT211%26dq%3D%2522Mandate%2Bfor%2Bleadership%2BII%2522%2B%2522for%2B20%2Byears%2C%2Bthe%2Bmost%2Bimportant%2Bbattle%2Bin%2Bthe%2Bcivil%2Brights%2Bfield%2522%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DTV22_bp9Dj%26sig%3DfOJjM01a52c3tnC_0oK2DUauDxw%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwiL47Das7HWAhUGJ1AKHbUsCVMQ6AEIKDAA%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%2522Mandate%2520for%2520leadership%2520II%2522%2520%2522for%252020%2520years%2C%2520the%2520most%2520important%2520battle%2520in%2520the%2520civil%2520rights%2520field%2522%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandate+for+Leadership" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.upi.com/Archives/1980/11/13/Conservative-group-urges-change-in-affirmative-action-policies/2613309908424/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Conservative group urges change in affirmative action policies"</a>. UPI. Retrieved 2017-09-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=UPI&rft.atitle=Conservative+group+urges+change+in+affirmative+action+policies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FArchives%2F1980%2F11%2F13%2FConservative-group-urges-change-in-affirmative-action-policies%2F2613309908424%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandate+for+Leadership" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-NRO-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-NRO_5-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-NRO_5-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">b</a> <cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">John J. Miller (20 January 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old.nationalreview.com/miller/miller200501200816.asp" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"The Heritage Mandate: Government grows, but a famous book shrinks"</a>. National Review. Retrieved 13 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Review&rft.atitle=The+Heritage+Mandate%3A+Government+grows%2C+but+a+famous+book+shrinks&rft.date=2005-01-20&rft.au=John+J.+Miller&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fold.nationalreview.com%2Fmiller%2Fmiller200501200816.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandate+for+Leadership" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-Holwill-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-Holwill_6-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation book" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Holwill, Richard (1981). The First Year. Washington, D.C.: The Heritage Foundation. p. 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+First+Year&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=The+Heritage+Foundation&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Holwill&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandate+for+Leadership" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-7" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">PHIL GAILEY (22 November 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1981/11/22/us/heritage-foundation-disappointed-by-reagan.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"HERITAGE FOUNDATION DISAPPOINTED BY REAGAN"</a>. New York Times. Retrieved 27 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=HERITAGE+FOUNDATION+DISAPPOINTED+BY+REAGAN&rft.date=1981-11-22&rft.au=PHIL+GAILEY&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1981%2F11%2F22%2Fus%2Fheritage-foundation-disappointed-by-reagan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandate+for+Leadership" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-Omang-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-Omang_8-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Omang, Joanne (16 November 1980). "The Heritage Report: Getting the Government Right with Reagan". Washington Post.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=The+Heritage+Report%3A+Getting+the+Government+Right+with+Reagan&rft.date=1980-11-16&rft.aulast=Omang&rft.aufirst=Joanne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandate+for+Leadership" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-Dowie-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-Dowie_9-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Mark Dowie (6 July 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2002/07/06/opinion/learning-from-the-right-wing.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Learning From the Right Wing"</a>. New York Times. Retrieved 13 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Learning+From+the+Right+Wing&rft.date=2002-07-06&rft.au=Mark+Dowie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2002%2F07%2F06%2Fopinion%2Flearning-from-the-right-wing.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandate+for+Leadership" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-NYT1-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-NYT1_10-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">"Washington Talk: Mandate and the Sequel". New York Times. 5 December 1984.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Washington+Talk%3A+Mandate+and+the+Sequel&rft.date=1984-12-05&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandate+for+Leadership" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-TPOI-4-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-TPOI-4_11-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation book" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Edwards" title="Lee Edwards" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Edwards, Lee</a>. The Power of Ideas. Ottawa, Illinois: Jameson Books. pp. 25–35. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-915463-77-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-915463-77-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">0-915463-77-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Power+of+Ideas&rft.place=Ottawa%2C+Illinois&rft.pages=25-35&rft.pub=Jameson+Books&rft.isbn=0-915463-77-6&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=Lee&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandate+for+Leadership" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-TPOI-7-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-TPOI-7_12-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-TPOI-7_12-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">b</a> <cite class="citation book" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Edwards" title="Lee Edwards" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Edwards, Lee</a>. The Power of Ideas. Ottawa, Illinois: Jameson Books. pp. 51–66. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-915463-77-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-915463-77-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">0-915463-77-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Power+of+Ideas&rft.place=Ottawa%2C+Illinois&rft.pages=51-66&rft.pub=Jameson+Books&rft.isbn=0-915463-77-6&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=Lee&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandate+for+Leadership" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-Lambro-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-Lambro_13-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-Lambro_13-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">b</a> <cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Lambro, Donald (16 January 1997). "Learning from Last Year's Errors". Washington Times.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Times&rft.atitle=Learning+from+Last+Year%E2%80%99s+Errors&rft.date=1997-01-16&rft.aulast=Lambro&rft.aufirst=Donald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandate+for+Leadership" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-14" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership#cite_ref-14" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2005/01/new-mandate-for-leadership-will-help-citizens-keep-politicians-honest" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"New "MANDATE FOR LEADERSHIP" Will Help Citizens Keep Politicians Honest"</a>. Heritage Foundation. 10 January 2005. Retrieved 13 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+%22MANDATE+FOR+LEADERSHIP%22+Will+Help+Citizens+Keep+Politicians+Honest&rft.pub=Heritage+Foundation&rft.date=2005-01-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heritage.org%2Fresearch%2Freports%2F2005%2F01%2Fnew-mandate-for-leadership-will-help-citizens-keep-politicians-honest&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMandate+for+Leadership" class="Z3988" /></li></ol></div></div><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177);" linux="Linux" libertine="Libertine" georgia="Georgia" times="Times" serif="serif" line-height="line-height">External links[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandate_for_Leadership&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h2><ul style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229.5%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%2300528c%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heritage.org/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">The Heritage Foundation</a></li></ul></div></div><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); padding: 5px; margin-top: 1em; clear: both;"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Categories</a>: <ul style="list-style: none none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline;"><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 0px; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0.25em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:The_Heritage_Foundation" title="Category:The Heritage Foundation" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The Heritage Foundation</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Conservatism in the United States" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Conservatism in the United States</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:New_Right_(United_States)" title="Category:New Right (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">New Right (United States)</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div>===</div>