Cline, Ray Cia

===

In 1980, under US pressure, the World Food Program handed over food worth $12 million to the Thai army to pass on to the Khmer Rouge. According to former Assistant Secretary of State Richard Holbrooke "20,000 to 40 000 Pol Pot guerrillas benefited." This aid helped restore the Khmer Rouge to a fighting force, based in Thailand, from which it de stabilized Cambodia for more than a decade.Although ostensibly a State Department operation, KEG's principals were intelligence officers with long experience in Indochina. In the early 1980s it was run by Michael Eiland, whose career underscored the continuity of American intervention in Indochina. In 1969-70, he was operations officer of a clandestine Special Forces group code-named "Daniel Boone," which was responsible for the reconnaissance of the US bombing of Cambodia. By 1980, Col. Eiland was running KEG out of the US embassy in Bangkok, where it was de scribed as a "humanitarian" organization. Responsible for interpreting satellite surveillance photos of Cambodia, Eiland became a valued source for some of Bangkok's resident Western press corps, who referred to him in their reports as a "Western analyst." Eiland's "humanitarian" duties led to his appointment as Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) chief in charge of the South east Asia Region, one of the most important positions in US espionage.In November 1980, the just elected Reagan administration and the Khmer Rouge made direct contact when Dr. Ray Cline, a former deputy director of the CIA, secretly visited a Khmer Rouge operational headquarters inside Cambodia. Cline was then a foreign policy adviser on President-elect Reagan's transitional team.Within a year, according to Washington sources, 50 CIA agents were running Washington's Cambodia operation from Thailand. The dividing line between the international relief operation and the US war became more and more confused. For example, a Defense Intelligence Agency colonel was appointed "security liaison officer" between the United Nations Border Relief Operation (UNBRO) and the Displaced Persons Protection Unit (DPPU). In Washington, sources revealed him as a link between the US government and the Khmer Rouge.

===

Dr. Ray S. Cline, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kimsoft.com/korea/dr-cline.htm" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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) 100% 50%;">the key CIA analyst on Korea from 1949 to 1952</a>, passed away on 15 March, 1996 in Arlington, Virginia. He was responsible for clanking out monthly '<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Estimate_of_the_World_Situation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estimate of the World Situation (page does not exist)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none;">Estimate of the World Situation</a>' on sensitive areas. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Korea" title="Korea" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Korea</a> was covered now and then. Referring to his failure to spot Kim Ilsung's invasion of S Korea, Cline admitted that 'Mostly I simply wrote down analytical comments based on my reading of newspapers and periodical literature, adding items from the research analysts wherever possible.' Dr. Ray Cline is assumed to be the author of the infamous CIA report on Korea, issued only a few days prior to the invasion."

Cline, according to the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Ashbrook_Center_for_Public_Affairs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ashbrook Center for Public Affairs (page does not exist)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none;">Ashbrook Center for Public Affairs</a> at Ashland University, "served as Deputy Director for Intelligence for the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Central Intelligence Agency</a> from 1962-1966 and played a major role in the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Cuban_Missile_Crisis" title="Cuban Missile Crisis" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Cuba missile crisis</a> of 1962.

"From 1969 until his retirement in 1973, he was Director of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Bureau_of_Intelligence_and_Research_(INR)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bureau of Intelligence and Research (INR) (page does not exist)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none;">Bureau of Intelligence and Research (INR)</a> at the Department of State. He was awarded CIA's Distinguished Intelligence Medal and the Career Intelligence Medal. Cline's tenure at INR coincided with the "War of Attrition" that <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Egypt" title="Egypt" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Egypt</a> had declared on <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Israel" title="Israel" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Israel</a>. As part of this war, the<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Soviets</a> supplied Egypt with their latest SAMs (the SAM-3), their latest MIG fighters (the MIG-21), and Russian Missile crews, and pilots and ground crews for the aircraft. After their initial hesitance, the Israelis started to knock the Russians out of the sky just as they had the Egyptians and <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Syria" title="Syria" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Syrians</a> before them. This worried President <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Nixon</a> that a strategic confrontation might develop. He therefore engineered an agreement to freeze Israeli and Egyptian deployments in place as of August 7, 1970. The Egyptians broke this agreement the very day after it was signed and these violations continued into the summer. When the Israelis finally complained to the U.S. about these violations, it was good old Ray Cline, at INR, who told the President that the Israeli claims of Egyptian violations were "baseless." When this got back to the Israeli Ambassador to the United States, Yitzhak Rabin, the future Prime Minister called Tel Aviv and asked the government to send immediately to him the overhead imagery that proved the violations (including the movement of the Soviet SAMs right up to the Suez Canal; a movement that would, three years later, help Anwar Sadat decide to attack Israel in what would come to be called, in America, the Yom Kippur War and, in Israel, the War of Atonement; a war that would cost Israel more heavily in lives, widows and orphans than any preceeding Arab-Israeli war had done), and an imagery analyst to explain the photos. Once they arrived, Ambassador Rabin paid a call on President Nixon. Once Ambassador Rabin had shown President Nixon the evidence that proved conclusively that Dr. Cline was either a liar or an ignoramus, it is reported that President Nixon became "angry" with Cline and "ordered the Pentagon to remove its veto on several categories of weapons the Israelis had asked for during the preceeding months." (see Doron Geller, "Israeli Intelligence and the Yom Kippur War of 1973." Jewish Virtual Library, www.us-israel.org)

"Dr. Cline now serves as senior adviser for the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Center_for_Strategic_and_International_Studies" title="Center for Strategic and International Studies" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Center for Strategic and International Studies</a> at Georgetown University, as well as professor of international relations. He teaches, directs research and writes on strategic intelligence, geopolitics, strategy and foreign affairs.

"He was a Henry Prize Fellow at Balliol College, Oxford University, and a member of the Society of Fellows at Harvard University, where he earned his B.A., M.A. and Ph. D. degrees.

"Dr. Cline is the author of numerous books, including Washington Command Post, (Department of Army, 1951) a reference work on military planning in <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/World_War_II" title="World War II" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">World War II</a>, and Secrets, Spies and Scholars: The CIA from Roosevelt to Reagan (1986), which describes the American intelligence system from World War II through 1976. In addition, Dr. Cline has written a series of studies on geopolitics and the relative strength of nations.

"A number of his many published works have dealt with the timely topic of <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Terrorism" title="Terrorism" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">terrorism</a>, including Terrorism: Seedbed for Soviet Influence and two books that he co-authored, Terrorism as State-Sponsored Covert Welfare and Terrorism: The Soviet Connection.

"He [was] Vice President of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Veterans_of_the_Office_of_Strategic_Services&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veterans of the Office of Strategic Services (page does not exist)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none;">Veterans of the Office of Strategic Services</a>, the World War II precursor of the CIA, and is founder and president of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Intelligence_Study_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Intelligence Study Center (page does not exist)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none;">National Intelligence Study Center</a>, created to improve understanding of the role of intelligence in the American political process. He [was] a member of the board of visitors of the United States <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Defense_Intelligence_College&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Defense Intelligence College (page does not exist)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none;">Defense Intelligence College</a> and president of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Committee_for_a_Free_China&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Committee for a Free China (page does not exist)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none;">Committee for a Free China</a>."<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.ashbrook.org/events/lecture/1986/cline.html" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiBlbmNvZGluZz0iVVRGLTgiPz48c3ZnIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgd2lkdGg9IjEwIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEwIj48ZyB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSgtODI2LjQyOSAtNjk4Ljc5MSkiPjxyZWN0IHdpZHRoPSI1Ljk4MiIgaGVpZ2h0PSI1Ljk4MiIgeD0iODI2LjkyOSIgeT0iNzAyLjMwOSIgZmlsbD0iI2ZmZiIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjMDZjIi8+PGc+PHBhdGggZD0iTTgzMS4xOTQgNjk4Ljc5MWg1LjIzNHY1LjM5MWwtMS41NzEgMS41NDUtMS4zMS0xLjMxLTIuNzI1IDIuNzI1LTIuNjg5LTIuNjg5IDIuODA4LTIuODA4LTEuMzExLTEuMzExeiIgZmlsbD0iIzA2ZiIvPjxwYXRoIGQ9Ik04MzUuNDI0IDY5OS43OTVsLjAyMiA0Ljg4NS0xLjgxNy0xLjgxNy0yLjg4MSAyLjg4MS0xLjIyOC0xLjIyOCAyLjg4MS0yLjg4MS0xLjg1MS0xLjg1MXoiIGZpbGw9IiNmZmYiLz48L2c+PC9nPjwvc3ZnPg==) 100% 50%;">[1]</a>

"In a lengthy and distinguished career in U.S intelligence, Cline served, among other assignments, as CIA Deputy Director for Intelligence (DDI) and head of the State Department's Bureau of Intelligence and Research (INR)."<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://intellit.muskingum.edu/alpha_folder/C_folder/cline.html" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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) 100% 50%;">[2]</a>

U.S. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Global_Strategy_Council" title="Global Strategy Council" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Global Strategy Council</a> is a Washington-based organization, which [was] under the chairmanship of founder Ray Cline, former Deputy Director of the CIA, who maintain[ed] very close ties with the U.S. Intelligence community. "Taiwan became a laboratory for total and unconventional warfare." It established a Political Warfare Cadres Academy--D'Aubuisson is a graduate--with the assistance of WACL associate Ray Cline, who was CIA station chief in<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Taiwan" title="Taiwan" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Taiwan</a> form 1958-1962, then CIA deputy director for intelligence, State Department director of intelligence and founder of the U.S. Global Strategy Council. U.S. military personnel taught at the Academy....Moonie connections with the U.S. right...are extensive...[late] Major General <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Daniel_Graham" title="Daniel Graham" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Daniel Graham</a> [CNP], a member of CAUSA USA's advisory board, heads the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Star Wars</a> lobby group, High Frontier. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/F.Lynn_Bouchey" title="F. Lynn Bouchey" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">F. Lynn Bouchey</a> [CNP], president of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Council_for_Inter-American_Security" title="Council for Inter-American Security" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Council for Inter-American Security</a> and member of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Committee_of_Santa_Fe" title="Committee of Santa Fe" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Committee of Santa Fe</a>, helped organize two CAUSA conferences. Washington Timeseditor <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Arnaud_de_Borchgrave" title="Arnaud de Borchgrave" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Arnaud de Borchgrave</a> [CNP] serves on Ray Cline's U.S. Global Strategy Council, a <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Ronald Reagan</a> advisory group. The Strategy Council's executive director is retired General <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/E.David_Woellner" title="E. David Woellner" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">E. David Woellner</a>, president of CAUSA World Services. Washington Times columnists include Ray Cline's son-in-law <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Roger_Fontaine" title="Roger Fontaine" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Roger Fontaine</a>, a Committee of Santa Fe member and former Reagan Latin America adviser, and <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Jeremiah_O%27Leary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeremiah O'Leary (page does not exist)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none;">Jeremiah O'Leary</a>, formerly special assistant to National Security Adviser <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=William_Clark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Clark (page does not exist)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none;">William Clark</a>. [Sklar, p. 78, 80]<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.seekgod.ca/cnp.r.htm" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiBlbmNvZGluZz0iVVRGLTgiPz48c3ZnIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgd2lkdGg9IjEwIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEwIj48ZyB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSgtODI2LjQyOSAtNjk4Ljc5MSkiPjxyZWN0IHdpZHRoPSI1Ljk4MiIgaGVpZ2h0PSI1Ljk4MiIgeD0iODI2LjkyOSIgeT0iNzAyLjMwOSIgZmlsbD0iI2ZmZiIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjMDZjIi8+PGc+PHBhdGggZD0iTTgzMS4xOTQgNjk4Ljc5MWg1LjIzNHY1LjM5MWwtMS41NzEgMS41NDUtMS4zMS0xLjMxLTIuNzI1IDIuNzI1LTIuNjg5LTIuNjg5IDIuODA4LTIuODA4LTEuMzExLTEuMzExeiIgZmlsbD0iIzA2ZiIvPjxwYXRoIGQ9Ik04MzUuNDI0IDY5OS43OTVsLjAyMiA0Ljg4NS0xLjgxNy0xLjgxNy0yLjg4MSAyLjg4MS0xLjIyOC0xLjIyOCAyLjg4MS0yLjg4MS0xLjg1MS0xLjg1MXoiIGZpbGw9IiNmZmYiLz48L2c+PC9nPjwvc3ZnPg==) 100% 50%;">[3]</a>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Committee_on_the_Present_Danger" title="Committee on the Present Danger" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Committee on the Present Danger</a></li>

</ul>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://intellit.muskingum.edu/alpha_folder/C_folder/cline.html" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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) 100% 50%;">Ray Cline</a> for Cline's publication citations.</li>

</ul>

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==

wikifluff

Ray Steiner Cline (June 4, 1918 – March 16, 1996) was an official at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">United States</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Central Intelligence Agency</a>best known for being the chief CIA analyst during the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_Missile_Crisis" title="Cuban Missile Crisis" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Cuban Missile Crisis</a>.

<h2 style=" color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border: none; font-size: 13.3000001907349px; display: inline; font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 1.3; background: none;">Contents</h2>

[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S._Cline#" id="togglelink" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">hide</a>] </div>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S._Cline#Background" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">1 Background</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S._Cline#Career" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">2 Career</a>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S._Cline#US_government" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">2.1 US government</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S._Cline#Academic" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">2.2 Academic</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S.Cline#Books_by_Ray_S.Cline" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">3 Books by Ray S. Cline</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S._Cline#Awards" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">4 Awards</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S._Cline#References" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">5 References</a></li>

</ul>

</div>

<h2 style=" color: black; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); font-size: 1.5em; font-family: 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">Background<span class="mw-editsection" style=" -webkit-user-select: none; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ray_S._Cline&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">edit</a>]</h2>

<p style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: 22.3999996185303px; color: rgb(37, 37, 37); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Ray S. Cline was born in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anderson_Township,Clark_County,Illinois" title="Anderson Township, Clark County, Illinois" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Anderson Township, Clark County, Illinois</a> in 1918 and raised in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terre_Haute,Indiana" title="Terre Haute, Indiana" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Terre Haute, Indiana</a>, graduating from Wiley High School in 1935. He won a scholarship to study at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Harvard University</a>, and received two<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">bachelor's degrees</a> and a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph.D." title="Ph.D." class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Ph.D.</a> from Harvard.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S.Cline#cite_note-NYT-1" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[1]</a>

<h2 style=" color: black; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); font-size: 1.5em; font-family: 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">Career<span class="mw-editsection" style=" -webkit-user-select: none; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ray_S._Cline&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">edit</a>]</h2>

<h3 style=" color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom-style: none; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.6; font-family: sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">US government<span class="mw-editsection" style=" -webkit-user-select: none; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ray_S._Cline&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: US government" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">edit</a>]</h3>

<p style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: 22.3999996185303px; color: rgb(37, 37, 37); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">In the midst of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">World War II</a>, Cline joined the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_of_Strategic_Services" title="Office of Strategic Services" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Office of Strategic Services</a>. He became Chief of Current Intelligence in 1944. He later traveled to China where he worked with other legendary OSS officers such as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_K.Singlaub" title="John K. Singlaub" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">John K. Singlaub</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Helms" title="Richard Helms" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Richard Helms</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E.Howard_Hunt" title="E. Howard Hunt" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">E. Howard Hunt</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Helliwell" title="Paul Helliwell" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Paul Helliwell</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_Emmett_Johnson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Emmett Johnson (page does not exist)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none;">Robert Emmett Johnson</a>, and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucien_Conein" title="Lucien Conein" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Lucien Conein</a>. In 1946, he was assigned to the Operations Division of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Staff" title="General Staff" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">General Staff</a> of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_War" title="United States Department of War" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">United States Department of War</a>, tasked with writing the history of the Operations Division.

Cline joined the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Central Intelligence Agency</a> in 1949. He was initially responsible for intelligence on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea" title="Korea" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Korea</a>, but he failed to predict <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">North Korea</a>'s 1950 invasion of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">South Korea</a>, which began the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Korean War</a>. From 1951-1953, he served in<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Great Britain</a> under the supervision of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brigadier_General(United_States)" title="Brigadier General (United States)" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Brigadier General</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=E.C.Betts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E. C. Betts (page does not exist)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none;">E. C. Betts</a>. From 1953 to 1957, he was the CIA desk officer charged with monitoring the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Soviet Union</a> and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="People's Republic of China" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">People's Republic of China</a>; in this capacity, he correctly predicted the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Soviet_split" title="Sino-Soviet split" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Sino-Soviet split</a>. In 1958 he became Chief of the CIA station in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fu_Hsing_Kang_College" title="Fu Hsing Kang College" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Taiwan</a>, with his official title being chief of the United States Naval Auxiliary Communications Center.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S.Cline#cite_note-NYT-1" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[1]</a>

In 1962, Cline moved to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,D.C." title="Washington, D.C." style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Washington, D.C.</a> as head of the CIA's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency#Directorate_of_Intelligence" title="Central Intelligence Agency" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Directorate of Intelligence</a>, the agency's analytical branch. Cline played a crucial role in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_Missile_Crisis" title="Cuban Missile Crisis" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Cuban Missile Crisis</a> when, under Cline's leadership, the Directorate of Intelligence concluded that the Soviet Union had shipped <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_warheads" title="Nuclear warheads" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">nuclear warheads</a> to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Cuba</a>; Cline was among those who informed <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President" title="President" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">President</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_F.Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">John F. Kennedy</a> of this development.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S._Cline#cite_note-NYT-1" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[1]</a>

Cline played a role in the formation of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_League_for_Freedom_and_Democracy" title="World League for Freedom and Democracy" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">World League for Freedom and Democracy</a> in 1966.

Cline remained head of the Directorate of Intelligence until 1966, when, disillusioned with President <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Lyndon B. Johnson</a>, he determined to leave the CIA. His old friend <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Helms" title="Richard Helms" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Richard Helms</a> intervened to have Cline posted as Special Coordinator and Adviser to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Germany" title="United States Ambassador to Germany" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">United States Ambassador to Germany</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Bonn</a>.

In 1969, Cline returned to the United States when President <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Richard Nixon</a> nominated him as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Director_of_the_Bureau_of_Intelligence_and_Research" title="Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research</a> and he subsequently held this office from October 26, 1969 until November 24, 1973. In this capacity, he oversaw U.S. intelligence in the build-up to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yom_Kippur_War" title="Yom Kippur War" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Yom Kippur War</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S._Cline#cite_note-intelligence-2" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[2]</a>

<h3 style=" color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom-style: none; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.6; font-family: sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">Academic<span class="mw-editsection" style=" -webkit-user-select: none; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ray_S._Cline&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Academic" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">edit</a>]</h3>

Cline was head of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=U.S.Global_Strategy_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="U.S. Global Strategy Council (page does not exist)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(165, 88, 88); background: none;">U.S. Global Strategy Council</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S.Cline#cite_note-3" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[3]</a>

<h2 style=" color: black; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); font-size: 1.5em; font-family: 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">Books by Ray S. Cline<span class="mw-editsection" style=" -webkit-user-select: none; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ray_S.Cline&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Books by Ray S. Cline" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">edit</a>]</h2>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">World War Two, War Department (1951)</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">World Power Assessment (1975)</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">CIA: Reality v Myth (1981)</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Central Intelligence Agency Under Reagan, Bush and Casey (1982)</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Terrorism: The Soviet Connection (1985)</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Secrets, Spies and Scholars: The CIA from Roosevelt to Reagan (1986)</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Western Europe in Soviet Global Strategy (1987)</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Central Intelligence Agency: A Photographic History (1989)</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Chiang Ching-Kuo Remembered: The Man and His Political Legacy (1993)</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">The Power of Nations in the 1990s: A Strategic Assessment (1995)</li>

</ul>

<h2 style=" color: black; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); font-size: 1.5em; font-family: 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">Awards<span class="mw-editsection" style=" -webkit-user-select: none; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ray_S._Cline&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Awards" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">edit</a>]</h2>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distinguished_Intelligence_Medal" title="Distinguished Intelligence Medal" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Distinguished Intelligence Medal</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S._Cline#cite_note-Ashbrook-4" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[4]</a></li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Career_Intelligence_Medal" title="Career Intelligence Medal" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Career Intelligence Medal</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S._Cline#cite_note-Ashbrook-4" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[4]</a></li>

</ul>

<h2 style=" color: black; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); font-size: 1.5em; font-family: 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">References<span class="mw-editsection" style=" -webkit-user-select: none; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ray_S._Cline&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">edit</a>]</h2>

<li id="cite_note-NYT-1" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">^{} <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S.Cline#cite_ref-NYT_1-0" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style=" top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; -webkit-user-select: none;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S.Cline#cite_ref-NYT_1-1" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">b</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S.Cline#cite_ref-NYT_1-2" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">c</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S.Cline#cite_ref-NYT_1-3" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">d</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/16/us/ray-s-cline-chief-cia-analyst-is-dead-at-77.html?pagewanted=1?pagewanted=1" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2210%22%20height%3D%2210%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate%28-826.429%20-698.791%29%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%225.982%22%20height%3D%225.982%22%20x%3D%22826.929%22%20y%3D%22702.309%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%2F%3E%3Cg%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M831.194%20698.791h5.234v5.391l-1.571%201.545-1.31-1.31-2.725%202.725-2.689-2.689%202.808-2.808-1.311-1.311z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M835.424%20699.795l.022%204.885-1.817-1.817-2.881%202.881-1.228-1.228%202.881-2.881-1.851-1.851z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E) 100% 50%;">Tim Weiner, "Ray S. Cline, Chief C.I.A. Analyst, Is Dead at 77", New York Times, Mar. 16, 1996</a></li>

<li id="cite_note-intelligence-2" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S._Cline#cite_ref-intelligence_2-0" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style=" top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; -webkit-user-select: none;">Jump up^{</a>} <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/intel73.html" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2210%22%20height%3D%2210%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate%28-826.429%20-698.791%29%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%225.982%22%20height%3D%225.982%22%20x%3D%22826.929%22%20y%3D%22702.309%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%2F%3E%3Cg%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M831.194%20698.791h5.234v5.391l-1.571%201.545-1.31-1.31-2.725%202.725-2.689-2.689%202.808-2.808-1.311-1.311z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M835.424%20699.795l.022%204.885-1.817-1.817-2.881%202.881-1.228-1.228%202.881-2.881-1.851-1.851z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E) 100% 50%;">"Israeli Intelligence and the Yom Kippur War of 1973"</a>. Jewishvirtuallibrary.org. Retrieved 2012-05-31.</li>

<li id="cite_note-3" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S._Cline#cite_ref-3" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style=" top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; -webkit-user-select: none;">Jump up^{</a>} Small Arms Survey (2011), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=i9LWjvOzgZoC&pg=PA84" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2210%22%20height%3D%2210%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate%28-826.429%20-698.791%29%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%225.982%22%20height%3D%225.982%22%20x%3D%22826.929%22%20y%3D%22702.309%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%2F%3E%3Cg%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M831.194%20698.791h5.234v5.391l-1.571%201.545-1.31-1.31-2.725%202.725-2.689-2.689%202.808-2.808-1.311-1.311z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M835.424%20699.795l.022%204.885-1.817-1.817-2.881%202.881-1.228-1.228%202.881-2.881-1.851-1.851z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E) 100% 50%;">Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Cambridge University Press</a>, p84</li>

<li id="cite_note-Ashbrook-4" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">^{} <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S.Cline#cite_ref-Ashbrook_4-0" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style=" top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; -webkit-user-select: none;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_S.Cline#cite_ref-Ashbrook_4-1" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">b</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashland_University" title="Ashland University" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Ashland University</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ashbrook.org/event/lecture-1986-cline/" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2210%22%20height%3D%2210%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate%28-826.429%20-698.791%29%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%225.982%22%20height%3D%225.982%22%20x%3D%22826.929%22%20y%3D%22702.309%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%2F%3E%3Cg%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M831.194%20698.791h5.234v5.391l-1.571%201.545-1.31-1.31-2.725%202.725-2.689-2.689%202.808-2.808-1.311-1.311z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M835.424%20699.795l.022%204.885-1.817-1.817-2.881%202.881-1.228-1.228%202.881-2.881-1.851-1.851z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E) 100% 50%;">Ray S. Cline</a>, Major Issues Lecture Series, Topic: A Historical Perspective on American Intelligence, Tuesday, September 16, 1986</li>

</ol>

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