Landsea, Chris

<div><div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden" style="min-height: 280px; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 14.3000001907349px; line-height: 18.5900001525879px;"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><ul style="margin: 1.5em 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li>Ph.D., Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University (1994).</li><li>Master's, Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University (1991).</li><li>Bachelor's Degree, Atmospheric Sciences, University of California, (1987). </li></ul><p style="margin: 1em 0px;"><strong>Source:</strong> <a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/chris-landsea#s1" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">[1]</a></p><h2 style="line-height: 2em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;"> Background</h2><p style="margin: 1em 0px;">Christopher Landsea is the <a href="https://nsd.rdc.noaa.gov/nsd/pubresult" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">Science and Operations Officer</a> at the National Hurricane Center, a part of the National Oceanic<span class="amp">&</span> Atmospheric Administration (<span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">NOAA</span>) of the <span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">U.S.</span> Department of Commerce.

Documents <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20091103224122/http://oversight.house.gov/story.asp?ID=1107" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">released by the Government Oversight Committee</a> <a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/chris-landsea#s2" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">[2]</a> and <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20090320104549/http://www.whistleblower.org/doc/2007/Final%203.28%20Redacting%20Climate%20Science%20Report.pdf" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">later by the Government Accountability Project</a> <a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/chris-landsea#s3" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">[3]</a>suggest that Landsea was <a href="http://www.salon.com/news/feature/2006/09/19/noaa/index_np.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">sought by republicans</a> as a scientist to speak to the media on the connection between hurricanes and global warming, because of Landsea's belief that this connection to be minimal. <a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/chris-landsea#s4" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">[4]</a></p><h2 style="line-height: 2em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">Stance on Climate Change</h2><p style="margin: 1em 0px;">“… we certainly see substantial warming in the ocean and atmosphere over the last several decades on the order of a degree Fahrenheit, and I have no doubt a portion of that, at least, is due to greenhouse warming. The question is whether we're seeing any real increases in the hurricane activity”<strong> </strong><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/chris-landsea#s5" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">[5]</a></p><h2 style="line-height: 2em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">Key Quotes</h2><blockquote style="margin: 1.5em 30px;"><p style="margin: 1em 0px;">“…the evidence is quite strong and supported by the most recent credible studies that any impact in the future from global warming upon hurricane will likely be quite small”<strong> </strong><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/chris-landsea#s6" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">[6]</a></p></blockquote><h2 style="line-height: 2em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">Key Deeds</h2><p style="margin: 1em 0px;"><strong>December, 2005</strong></p><p style="margin: 1em 0px;">Landsea co-published a study (<a href="http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/Landsea/michaelsetalJC05.pdf" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);"><span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">PDF</span></a>) arguing that rising greenhouse gas levels would not influence hurricane intensity in the Atlantic basin. <a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/chris-landsea#s7" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">[7]</a></p><p style="margin: 1em 0px;">His co-authors included climate change skeptics <a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/patrick-michaels" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">Patrick Michaels</a> and <a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/chip-knappenberger" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">Chip Knappenberger</a>. </p><p style="margin: 1em 0px;"><strong>January, 2005</strong></p><p style="margin: 1em 0px;">Landsea <a href="http://sciencepolicy.colorado.edu/prometheus/archives/science_policy_general/000318chris_landsea_leaves.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">withdrew from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (<span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">IPCC</span>)</a>, claiming that the group had become politicized and ignored his concerns. His resignation letter was released on Prometheus, a blog run by Roger Pielke Jr. <a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/chris-landsea#s8" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">[8]</a></p><h2 style="line-height: 2em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;"> Affiliations</h2><ul style="margin: 1.5em 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li><strong><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Roger_Pielke_Jr." target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">Roger Pielke Jr</a>. </strong>— Co-published <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20080410002942/http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/Landsea/old_bio.html#Recent" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">numerous papers</a>.</li></ul><ul style="margin: 1.5em 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li><strong><span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">NOAA</span></strong> — Science and Operations Officer, Technical Support Branch</li></ul><h2 style="line-height: 2em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;"> Publications</h2><p style="margin: 1em 0px;">See an <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20080410002942/http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/Landsea/old_bio.html#Recent" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">archived list (as of 2008) of Landsea's publications here</a>. A complete list of publications as of 2011 <a href="http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/Landsea/landsea_bio.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">is available at<span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">NOAA</span></a>.</p><ul style="margin: 1.5em 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li><span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">P.J.</span> Michaels, <span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">P. C.</span> Knappenberger and <span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">C. W.</span> Landsea, 2005: Comments on “Impacts of <span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">CO</span>2-Induced Warming on Simulated Hurricane Intensity and Precipitation: Sensitivity to the Choice of Climate Model and Convective Scheme”. <em>J. of Climate</em>, 18, 5179-5182. (<a href="http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/Landsea/michaelsetalJC05.pdf" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);"><span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">PDF</span></a>)</li></ul><h2 style="line-height: 2em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;"> Resources</h2><ol style="margin: 1.5em 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li><p style="margin: 1em 0px;"><a name="s1" id="s1" style="color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">“</a><a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20080410002942/http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/Landsea/old_bio.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">Christopher Landsea</a>,” biography at <span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">NOAA</span> (Archived April 10, 2008).</p></li><li><p style="margin: 1em 0px;"><a name="s2" id="s2" style="color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">“</a><a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20091103224122/http://oversight.house.gov/story.asp?ID=1107" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">Rep. Waxman Releases Internal Commerce Department E-Mails on Climate Change</a>,” Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, September 19, 2006. Archived November 3, 2009.</p></li><li><p style="margin: 1em 0px;"><a name="s3" id="s3" style="color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">Tarek Maassarani. “Redacting the Science of Climate Change: An Investigative and Synthesis Report” (</a><a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20090320104549/http://www.whistleblower.org/doc/2007/Final%203.28%20Redacting%20Climate%20Science%20Report.pdf" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);"><span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">PDF</span></a>), Government Accountability Project.</p></li><li><p style="margin: 1em 0px;"><a name="s4" id="s4" style="color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">Paul D. Thacker. “</a><a href="http://www.salon.com/2006/09/19/noaa/" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">Climate-controlled White House</a>,” <em>Salon</em>, September 19, 2006.</p></li><li><p style="margin: 1em 0px;"><a href="http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/weather/july-dec05/science_10-18.html" name="s5" id="s5" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">“Hurricane Science,” </a><em><span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">PBS</span></em>, Oct 18, 2005.</p></li><li><p style="margin: 1em 0px;"><a name="s6" id="s6" style="color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">“</a><a href="http://sciencepolicy.colorado.edu/prometheus/archives/science_policy_general/000318chris_landsea_leaves.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">Chris Landsea Leaves <span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">IPCC</span></a>,” <em>Prometheus</em>, January 17, 2005.</p></li><li><p style="margin: 1em 0px;"><a name="s7" id="s7" style="color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">“Comments on 'Impacts of <span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">CO</span>2-Induced Warming on Simulated Hurricane Intensity and Precipitation: Sensitivity to the Choice of Climate Model and Convective Scheme'” (</a><a href="http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/Landsea/michaelsetalJC05.pdf" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);"><span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">PDF</span></a>), Notes and Correspondence, December 1, 2005.</p></li><li><p style="margin: 1em 0px;"><a name="s8" id="s8" style="color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">“</a><a href="http://cstpr.colorado.edu/prometheus/archives/science_policy_general/000318chris_landsea_leaves.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">Chris Landsea Leaves <span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">IPCC</span></a>,” Colorado University Center for Science and Technology Policy Research, January 17, 2005.</p></li><li><p style="margin: 1em 0px;">“<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Chris_Landsea" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">Chris Landsea</a>,” SourceWatch profile.</p></li><li><p style="margin: 1em 0px;">“<a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20080410002942/http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/Landsea/old_bio.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">Christopher Landsea</a>,” biography at <span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">NOAA</span> (Archived April 10, 2008).</p></li><li><p style="margin: 1em 0px;">Henry A. Waxman, “Rep. Waxman Releases Internal Commerce Department E-Mails on Climate Change,” September 19, 2006 (<a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20091103224122/http://oversight.house.gov/story.asp?ID=1107" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">Archived</a>).</p></li><li><p style="margin: 1em 0px;">“<a href="http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/Landsea/landsea_bio.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">Publications of Christopher W. Landsea,</a>” <span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">NOAA</span>.</p></li><li><p style="margin: 1em 0px;"><a href="http://nsd.rdc.noaa.gov/nsd/pubresult" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">Staff Directory Search, <span class="caps" style="font-size: 0.9em;">NOAA</span></a>. Accessed September 30, 2011.</p></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-taxonomy-vocabulary-14 field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above" style="padding-top: 1.5em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin-top: 1.5em; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 14.3000001907349px; line-height: 18.5900001525879px;"><div class="field-label" style="text-transform: uppercase; display: inline;">TAGS: </div><div class="field-items" style="display: inline;"><div class="field-item even" style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.5em;"><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/tags/noaa" style="color: rgb(252, 211, 74);">NOAA</a></div><div class="field-item odd" style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.5em;"><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/676" style="color: rgb(252, 211, 74);">IPCC</a></div><div class="field-item even" style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.5em;"><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/913" style="color: rgb(252, 211, 74);">global warming</a></div><div class="field-item odd" style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.5em;"><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/939" style="color: rgb(252, 211, 74);">climate change</a></div><div class="field-item even" style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.5em;"><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/2540" style="color: rgb(252, 211, 74);">desmogblog</a></div><div class="field-item odd" style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.5em;"><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/2560" style="color: rgb(252, 211, 74);">global warming blog</a></div><div class="field-item even" style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.5em;"><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/2654" style="color: rgb(252, 211, 74);">denial industry</a></div><div class="field-item odd" style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.5em;"><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/3068" style="color: rgb(252, 211, 74);">climate change denier</a></div><div class="field-item even" style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.5em;"><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/4046" style="color: rgb(252, 211, 74);">global warming research</a></div><div class="field-item odd" style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.5em;"><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/4047" style="color: rgb(252, 211, 74);">climate misinformation</a></div><div class="field-item even" style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.5em;"><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/5721" style="color: rgb(252, 211, 74);">smogger</a></div><div class="field-item odd" style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.5em;"><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/6784" style="color: rgb(252, 211, 74);">Patrick J. Michaels</a></div><div class="field-item even" style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.5em;"><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/6886" style="color: rgb(252, 211, 74);">climate change skeptic</a></div><div class="field-item odd" style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.5em;"><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/7133" style="color: rgb(252, 211, 74);">Chip Knappenberger</a></div><div class="field-item even" style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.5em;"><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/7381" style="color: rgb(252, 211, 74);">Chris Landsea</a></div><div class="field-item odd" style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.5em;"><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/7705" style="color: rgb(252, 211, 74);">climate denialism</a></div><div class="field-item even" style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 0.5em;"><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/7706" style="color: rgb(252, 211, 74);">denial database</a></div></div></div><div><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/chris-landsea">
</a></div><div><a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/chris-landsea">http://www.desmogblog.com/chris-landsea</a></div><div>
</div><div>=</div></div><div><p style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Georgia; line-height: 1.8em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);">More than a week after <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/group-pulls-plug-on-billboard-linking-global-warming-believers-to-terrorists/2012/05/04/gIQAU2q51T_story.html" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(46, 109, 157); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(212, 212, 212); zoom: 1;">it was abandoned</a>, the Heartland Institute’s controversial billboard campaign - <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/capital-weather-gang/post/heartland-institute-launches-campaign-linking-terrorism-murder-and-global-warming-belief/2012/05/04/gIQAJJ3Q1T_blog.html" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(46, 109, 157); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(212, 212, 212); zoom: 1;">linking global warming belief with mass murder</a> - continues drawing strong reactions.</p><p style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Georgia; line-height: 1.8em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);">Two prominent meteorologists, the National Hurricane Center’s (NHC) <a href="http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/Landsea/landsea_bio.html" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(46, 109, 157); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(212, 212, 212); zoom: 1;">Chris Landsea</a> and WeatherBell’s <a href="http://www.weatherbell.com/team-bio/#bastardi" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(46, 109, 157); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(212, 212, 212); zoom: 1;">Joe Bastardi</a> publicly responded - the former cutting ties with Heartland and the latter maintaining support.</p><p style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Georgia; line-height: 1.8em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);"><b>Chris Landsea</b></p><p style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Georgia; line-height: 1.8em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);"><i>The billboard campaign that you all have recently been displaying is not in good taste nor is it furthering the advancement of better understanding of how our climate fluctuates and changes. Please remove my name from your list of Experts.</i></p><p style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Georgia; line-height: 1.8em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);"><i>Sincerely,</i></p><p style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Georgia; line-height: 1.8em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);"><i>Chris Landsea</i></p><pagebreak style="color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: FranklinITCProLight, HelveticaNeue, 'Helvetica Neue Light', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: FranklinITCProLight, HelveticaNeue, 'Helvetica Neue Light', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px;"><p style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Georgia; line-height: 1.8em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The <a href="http://heartland.org/christopher-landsea" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(46, 109, 157); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(212, 212, 212); zoom: 1;">web page</a> listing Landsea as an expert is no longer accessible.</span></p><p style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Georgia; line-height: 1.8em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">This is not the first time Landsea has disassociated himself with an organization after taking exception with their climate change communication tactics.</span></p><p style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Georgia; line-height: 1.8em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">In 2005, Landsea resigned from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) because he felt 1) its lead author on Observations, Kevin Trenberth, “push[ed] an unsupported agenda” connecting hurricane activity and global warming in a public forum and 2) the IPCC “dismissed” his concerns after he voiced them. In his letter of resignation, <a href="http://cstpr.colorado.edu/prometheus/archives/science_policy_general/000318chris_landsea_leaves.html" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(46, 109, 157); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(212, 212, 212); zoom: 1;">Landsea wrote</a>:</span></p><p style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Georgia; line-height: 1.8em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);"><i style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">I personally cannot in good faith continue to contribute to a process that I view as both being motivated by pre-conceived agendas and being scientifically unsound.</i></p><p style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Georgia; line-height: 1.8em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">While objecting to what he perceives as overstatements connecting recent hurricane activity and warming, Landsea believes global warming “is real” and man plays a role</span> He published <a href="http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/Landsea/gw_hurricanes/index.html" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(46, 109, 157); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(212, 212, 212); zoom: 1;">the following statement</a> on the Hurricane Research Division website:</p><p style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Georgia; line-height: 1.8em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);"><i>...there is substantial evidence - in my view - that mankind has caused a significant portion of this warming through greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide and methane. I do not know whether the human contribution toward the warming is relatively small (_a quarter) or large (_two-thirds), but do agree that there is quite a bit of evidence that mankind is altering the global climate and will continue to do so in the future.</i></p><p style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Georgia; line-height: 1.8em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);"><a href="http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/Landsea/gw_hurricanes/index.html" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(46, 109, 157); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(212, 212, 212); zoom: 1;">Landsea wrote</a> that warming may influence hurricane activity in the future, but to a small degree:</p><p style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Georgia; line-height: 1.8em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);"><i>...overall changes that may occur are relatively tiny and are several decades away, in my opinion. These conclusions are similar, though slightly smaller, than those indicated by a review panel of the topic of hurricanes and global warming that was recently published in <a href="http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/v3/n3/abs/ngeo779.html" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(46, 109, 157); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(212, 212, 212); zoom: 1;">Nature Geophysics</a> in which I participated</i></p><p style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Georgia; line-height: 1.8em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);"><b>Joe Bastardi</b></p></span></pagebreak></div><div></div><div>wiki</div><div><div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="direction: ltr; color: rgb(37, 37, 37); font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.3999996185303px;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><b>Christopher W. Landsea</b> (born 1965) is an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">American</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteorologist" title="Meteorologist" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">meteorologist</a>, formerly a research meteorologist with Hurricane Research Division of Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOAA" title="NOAA" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">NOAA</a>, and now the Science and Operations Officer at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Hurricane_Center" title="National Hurricane Center" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">National Hurricane Center</a>. He is a member of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Geophysical_Union" title="American Geophysical Union" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">American Geophysical Union</a> and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Meteorological_Society" title="American Meteorological Society" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">American Meteorological Society</a>.</p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /><div id="toc" class="toc" style="border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); border-image-source: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; padding: 7px; font-size: 13.3000001907349px; display: table; zoom: 1; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249);"><div id="toctitle" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;"><h2 style="color: black; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border: none; font-size: 13.3000001907349px; display: inline; line-height: 1.3; background: none;">Contents</h2> <span class="toctoggle" style="-webkit-user-select: none; font-size: 12.5020008087158px;"> [<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#" id="togglelink" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">hide</a>] </span></div><ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0.3em 0px; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#Research_and_achievements" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Research and achievements</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#On_global_warming_and_hurricanes" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">On global warming and hurricanes</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#Awards" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Awards</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#References" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#External_links" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li></ul></div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /><h2 style="color: black; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); font-family: 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Research_and_achievements">Research and achievements</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; font-size: small; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; font-family: sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0px; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); margin-left: 0px;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christopher_Landsea&action=edit&section=1&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Research and achievements" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); margin-right: 0px;">]</span></span></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Landsea earned his doctoral degree in Atmospheric Science at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorado_State_University" title="Colorado State University" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Colorado State University</a>. He served as chair of the American Meteorological Society's Committee on Tropical Meteorology and Tropical Cyclone. Landsea was recognized with the American Meteorlogical Society's Banner I. Miller award for "best contribution to the science of hurricane and tropical weather forecasting."<sup id="cite_ref-deniers_1-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; font-size: 11.1999998092651px; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_note-deniers-1" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[1]</a></sup></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Over the years Landsea's work has involved the general hurricane FAQ currently on the Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory website and the </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_hurricane_reanalysis" title="Atlantic hurricane reanalysis" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">Atlantic hurricane reanalysis</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> Landsea has contributed to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science(journal)" title="Science (journal)" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"><i>Science</i></a>, <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulletin_of_the_American_Meteorological_Society" title="Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society</a></i>, <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_Climate" title="Journal of Climate" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">Journal of Climate</a></i>, and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nature(journal)" title="Nature (journal)" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"><i>Nature</i></a>. He has been vocal on the lack of a link between <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming" title="Global warming" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">global warming</a> and current hurricane intensity change.<sup id="cite_ref-deniers_1-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; font-size: 11.1999998092651px; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_note-deniers-1" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">[1]</a></sup></span></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Landsea has published a number of research papers on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclone" title="Cyclone" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">cyclones</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane" title="Hurricane" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">hurricanes</a>. He is the author of <i>Hurricanes, Typhoons, and Tropical Cyclones: FAQ</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; font-size: 11.1999998092651px; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_note-2" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[2]</a></sup> He also has been the lead scientist in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_hurricane_reanalysis" title="Atlantic hurricane reanalysis" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Atlantic hurricane reanalysis</a> since 1997.</p><h2 style="color: black; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); font-family: 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"><span class="mw-headline" id="On_global_warming_and_hurricanes">On global warming and hurricanes</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; font-size: small; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; font-family: sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0px; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); margin-left: 0px;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christopher_Landsea&action=edit&section=2&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: On global warming and hurricanes" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); margin-right: 0px;">]</span></span></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">In January, 2005, Landsea withdrew from his participation in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPCC_Fourth_Assessment_Report" title="IPCC Fourth Assessment Report" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">IPCC Fourth Assessment Report</a>, criticizing it for using "a process that I view as both being motivated by pre-conceived agendas and being scientifically unsound." <sup id="cite_ref-landsea-leaves-IPCC_3-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; font-size: 11.1999998092651px; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_note-landsea-leaves-IPCC-3" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[3]</a></sup> Landsea claimed the IPCC had become politicized and the leadership ignored his concerns.<sup id="cite_ref-Colorado_4-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; font-size: 11.1999998092651px; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_note-Colorado-4" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[4]</a></sup></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Landsea does not believe that </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming" title="Global warming" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">global warming</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> has a strong </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming_and_hurricanes" title="Global warming and hurricanes" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">influence on hurricanes</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">: "global warming might be enhancing hurricane winds, but only by 1 percent or 2 percent". He strongly questions the accuracy of the historical global hurricane database for comparisons with current observations, citing an uncounted, catastrophic </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970_Atlantic_hurricane_season" title="1970 Atlantic hurricane season" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">1970 storm</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> as an example.</span><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; font-size: 11.1999998092651px; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_note-5" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[5]</a></sup><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">According to <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salon.com" title="Salon.com" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">Salon</a></i> magazine, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidency of George W. Bush" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">Bush administration</a> personnel chose Landsea over another scientist at NOAA to speak to the media about the link between hurricanes and climate change after <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina" title="Hurricane Katrina" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">Hurricane Katrina</a> devastated <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">New Orleans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; font-size: 11.1999998092651px; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_note-6" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">[6]</a></sup></span></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">In an interview on PBS, Christopher Landsea said "we certainly see substantial warming in the ocean and atmosphere over the last several decades on the order of a degree Fahrenheit, and I have no doubt a portion of that, at least, is due to greenhouse warming. The question is whether we're seeing any real increases in the hurricane activity." He went on to say "with the Atlantic hurricanes in particular, they're due to changes both in the ocean as well as the atmosphere. Just changing the ocean where it's a little bit warmer isn't sufficient." As for climate change affecting hurricane strength, Landsea said that global warming theories and</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> numerical modeling suggest only that "hurricanes like Katrina and Rita may have been stronger due to global warming but maybe by one or two miles per hour."<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; font-size: 11.1999998092651px; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_note-7" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">[7]</a></sup></span></p><h2 style="color: black; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); font-family: 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Awards">Awards</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; font-size: small; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; font-family: sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0px; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); margin-left: 0px;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christopher_Landsea&action=edit&section=3&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Awards" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); margin-right: 0px;">]</span></span></h2><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20version%3D%221.1%22%20width%3D%225%22%20height%3D%2213%22%3E%0A%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%222.5%22%20cy%3D%229.5%22%20r%3D%222.5%22%20fill%3D%22%2300528c%22%2F%3E%0A%3C%2Fsvg%3E%0A); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2007 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOAA_Administrator%27s_Award" title="NOAA Administrator's Award" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">NOAA Administrator's Award</a> for "establishing and administrating the Joint Hurricane Testbed, NOAA's first U.S. Weather Research Program testbed, accelerating research into operations, greatly improving forecasts."<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; font-size: 11.1999998092651px; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_note-8" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[8]</a></sup></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20version%3D%221.1%22%20width%3D%225%22%20height%3D%2213%22%3E%0A%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%222.5%22%20cy%3D%229.5%22%20r%3D%222.5%22%20fill%3D%22%2300528c%22%2F%3E%0A%3C%2Fsvg%3E%0A); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">United States <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_Commerce_Bronze_Medal" title="Department of Commerce Bronze Medal" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Department of Commerce Bronze Medal</a> Award for Superior Federal Service (Oct 2000)(co-recipient) for "issuing the accurate and first official physically based Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Outlooks for the 1998/1999 seasons, based upon new research"<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; font-size: 11.1999998092651px; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_note-9" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[9]</a></sup></li></ul><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20version%3D%221.1%22%20width%3D%225%22%20height%3D%2213%22%3E%0A%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%222.5%22%20cy%3D%229.5%22%20r%3D%222.5%22%20fill%3D%22%2300528c%22%2F%3E%0A%3C%2Fsvg%3E%0A); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">American Meteorological Society's Banner I. Miller Award (May 1993)(co-recipient) for the "best contribution to the science of hurricane and tropical weather forecasting published during the years 1990 - 1992."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; font-size: 11.1999998092651px; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_note-10" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[10]</a></sup></li></ul><h2 style="color: black; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); font-family: 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; font-size: small; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; font-family: sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0px; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); margin-left: 0px;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christopher_Landsea&action=edit&section=4&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: References" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); margin-right: 0px;">]</span></span></h2><div class="reflist" style="font-size: 12.6000003814697px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; list-style-type: decimal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><ol class="references" style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 3.2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; font-size: 12.6000003814697px; list-style-type: inherit;"><li id="cite_note-deniers-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="-webkit-user-select: none;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_ref-deniers_1-0" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; -webkit-user-select: none;">Jump up to:</span><sup style="line-height: 1; font-size: 10.0799999237061px;"><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_ref-deniers_1-1" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1; font-size: 10.0799999237061px;"><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="word-wrap: break-word;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Solomon" title="Lawrence Solomon" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Solomon, Lawrence</a> (2010). <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Deniers" title="The Deniers" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">The Deniers: The world-renowned scientists who stood up against global warming hysteria, political persecution, and fraud</a></i>. United States: Richard Vigilante Books. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9800763-7-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9800763-7-0" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">978-0-9800763-7-0</a>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristopher+Landsea&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.aulast=Solomon&rft.au=Solomon%2C+Lawrence&rft.btitle=The+Deniers%3A+The+world-renowned+scientists+who+stood+up+against+global+warming+hysteria%2C+political+persecution%2C+and+fraud&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-9800763-7-0&rft.place=United+States&rft.pub=Richard+Vigilante+Books&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988" />, p. 36.</span></li><li id="cite_note-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="-webkit-user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_ref-2" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; -webkit-user-select: none;">Jump up</span>^{</a></b></span> }<span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/tcfaqHED.html" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2210%22%20height%3D%2210%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate%28-826.429%20-698.791%29%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%225.982%22%20height%3D%225.982%22%20x%3D%22826.929%22%20y%3D%22702.309%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%2F%3E%3Cg%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M831.194%20698.791h5.234v5.391l-1.571%201.545-1.31-1.31-2.725%202.725-2.689-2.689%202.808-2.808-1.311-1.311z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M835.424%20699.795l.022%204.885-1.817-1.817-2.881%202.881-1.228-1.228%202.881-2.881-1.851-1.851z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E) 100% 50%;">Hurricanes, Typhoons, Tropical Cyclones FAQ</a>, NOAA.</span></li><li id="cite_note-landsea-leaves-IPCC-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="-webkit-user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_ref-landsea-leaves-IPCC_3-0" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; -webkit-user-select: none;">Jump up</span>^{</a></b></span> }<span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://cstpr.colorado.edu/prometheus/archives/science_policy_general/000318chris_landsea_leaves.html" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2210%22%20height%3D%2210%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate%28-826.429%20-698.791%29%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%225.982%22%20height%3D%225.982%22%20x%3D%22826.929%22%20y%3D%22702.309%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%2F%3E%3Cg%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M831.194%20698.791h5.234v5.391l-1.571%201.545-1.31-1.31-2.725%202.725-2.689-2.689%202.808-2.808-1.311-1.311z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M835.424%20699.795l.022%204.885-1.817-1.817-2.881%202.881-1.228-1.228%202.881-2.881-1.851-1.851z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E) 100% 50%;">[1]</a></span></li><li id="cite_note-Colorado-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="-webkit-user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_ref-Colorado_4-0" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; -webkit-user-select: none;">Jump up</span>^{</a></b></span> }<span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://sciencepolicy.colorado.edu/prometheus/archives/science_policy_general/000318chris_landsea_leaves.html" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2210%22%20height%3D%2210%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate%28-826.429%20-698.791%29%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%225.982%22%20height%3D%225.982%22%20x%3D%22826.929%22%20y%3D%22702.309%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%2F%3E%3Cg%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M831.194%20698.791h5.234v5.391l-1.571%201.545-1.31-1.31-2.725%202.725-2.689-2.689%202.808-2.808-1.311-1.311z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M835.424%20699.795l.022%204.885-1.817-1.817-2.881%202.881-1.228-1.228%202.881-2.881-1.851-1.851z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E) 100% 50%;">http://sciencepolicy.colorado.edu/prometheus/archives/science_policy_general/000318chris_landsea_leaves.html</a> Chris Landsea Leaves, Colorado University.</span></li><li id="cite_note-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="-webkit-user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_ref-5" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; -webkit-user-select: none;">Jump up</span>^{</a></b></span> }<span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miami.com/mld/miamiherald/news/nation/15/15140987.htm" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2210%22%20height%3D%2210%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate%28-826.429%20-698.791%29%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%225.982%22%20height%3D%225.982%22%20x%3D%22826.929%22%20y%3D%22702.309%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%2F%3E%3Cg%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M831.194%20698.791h5.234v5.391l-1.571%201.545-1.31-1.31-2.725%202.725-2.689-2.689%202.808-2.808-1.311-1.311z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M835.424%20699.795l.022%204.885-1.817-1.817-2.881%202.881-1.228-1.228%202.881-2.881-1.851-1.851z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E) 100% 50%;">Miami Herald</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="line-height: 1; font-size: 10.0799999237061px;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span title=" since September 2011">dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span></li><li id="cite_note-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="-webkit-user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_ref-6" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; -webkit-user-select: none;">Jump up</span>^{</a></b></span> }<span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salon.com/news/feature/2006/09/19/noaa/" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2210%22%20height%3D%2210%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate%28-826.429%20-698.791%29%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%225.982%22%20height%3D%225.982%22%20x%3D%22826.929%22%20y%3D%22702.309%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%2F%3E%3Cg%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M831.194%20698.791h5.234v5.391l-1.571%201.545-1.31-1.31-2.725%202.725-2.689-2.689%202.808-2.808-1.311-1.311z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M835.424%20699.795l.022%204.885-1.817-1.817-2.881%202.881-1.228-1.228%202.881-2.881-1.851-1.851z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E) 100% 50%;">NOAA</a> Climate Controlled White House, <i>Salon</i>, 2006-09-19.</span></li><li id="cite_note-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="-webkit-user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_ref-7" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; -webkit-user-select: none;">Jump up</span>^{</a></b></span> }<span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/weather/july-dec05/science_10-18.html" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2210%22%20height%3D%2210%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate%28-826.429%20-698.791%29%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%225.982%22%20height%3D%225.982%22%20x%3D%22826.929%22%20y%3D%22702.309%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%2F%3E%3Cg%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M831.194%20698.791h5.234v5.391l-1.571%201.545-1.31-1.31-2.725%202.725-2.689-2.689%202.808-2.808-1.311-1.311z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M835.424%20699.795l.022%204.885-1.817-1.817-2.881%202.881-1.228-1.228%202.881-2.881-1.851-1.851z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E) 100% 50%;">PBS</a>, 2005.</span></li><li id="cite_note-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="-webkit-user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_ref-8" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; -webkit-user-select: none;">Jump up</span>^{</a></b></span> }<span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hrd_sub/awards.html" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2210%22%20height%3D%2210%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate%28-826.429%20-698.791%29%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%225.982%22%20height%3D%225.982%22%20x%3D%22826.929%22%20y%3D%22702.309%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%2F%3E%3Cg%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M831.194%20698.791h5.234v5.391l-1.571%201.545-1.31-1.31-2.725%202.725-2.689-2.689%202.808-2.808-1.311-1.311z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M835.424%20699.795l.022%204.885-1.817-1.817-2.881%202.881-1.228-1.228%202.881-2.881-1.851-1.851z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E) 100% 50%;">http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hrd_sub/awards.html</a></span></li><li id="cite_note-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="-webkit-user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_ref-9" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; -webkit-user-select: none;">Jump up</span>^{</a></b></span> }<span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.oar.noaa.gov/organization/medals/bronze_goldenberg_landsea.html" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2210%22%20height%3D%2210%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate%28-826.429%20-698.791%29%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%225.982%22%20height%3D%225.982%22%20x%3D%22826.929%22%20y%3D%22702.309%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%2F%3E%3Cg%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M831.194%20698.791h5.234v5.391l-1.571%201.545-1.31-1.31-2.725%202.725-2.689-2.689%202.808-2.808-1.311-1.311z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M835.424%20699.795l.022%204.885-1.817-1.817-2.881%202.881-1.228-1.228%202.881-2.881-1.851-1.851z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E) 100% 50%;">http://www.oar.noaa.gov/organization/medals/bronze_goldenberg_landsea.html</a></span></li><li id="cite_note-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="-webkit-user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Landsea#cite_ref-10" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; -webkit-user-select: none;">Jump up</span>^{</a></b></span> }<span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories/s854.htm" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2210%22%20height%3D%2210%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate%28-826.429%20-698.791%29%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%225.982%22%20height%3D%225.982%22%20x%3D%22826.929%22%20y%3D%22702.309%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%2F%3E%3Cg%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M831.194%20698.791h5.234v5.391l-1.571%201.545-1.31-1.31-2.725%202.725-2.689-2.689%202.808-2.808-1.311-1.311z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M835.424%20699.795l.022%204.885-1.817-1.817-2.881%202.881-1.228-1.228%202.881-2.881-1.851-1.851z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E) 100% 50%;">http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories/s854.htm</a></span></li></ol></div><h2 style="color: black; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); font-family: 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; font-size: small; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; font-family: sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0px; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); margin-left: 0px;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christopher_Landsea&action=edit&section=5&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: External links" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); margin-right: 0px;">]</span></span></h2><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20version%3D%221.1%22%20width%3D%225%22%20height%3D%2213%22%3E%0A%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%222.5%22%20cy%3D%229.5%22%20r%3D%222.5%22%20fill%3D%22%2300528c%22%2F%3E%0A%3C%2Fsvg%3E%0A); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/Landsea/landsea_bio.html" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2210%22%20height%3D%2210%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate%28-826.429%20-698.791%29%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%225.982%22%20height%3D%225.982%22%20x%3D%22826.929%22%20y%3D%22702.309%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%2F%3E%3Cg%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M831.194%20698.791h5.234v5.391l-1.571%201.545-1.31-1.31-2.725%202.725-2.689-2.689%202.808-2.808-1.311-1.311z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M835.424%20699.795l.022%204.885-1.817-1.817-2.881%202.881-1.228-1.228%202.881-2.881-1.851-1.851z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E) 100% 50%;">Christopher Landsea biography page</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/q_and_a_201006_chris_landsea.shtml" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2210%22%20height%3D%2210%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate%28-826.429%20-698.791%29%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%225.982%22%20height%3D%225.982%22%20x%3D%22826.929%22%20y%3D%22702.309%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%2F%3E%3Cg%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M831.194%20698.791h5.234v5.391l-1.571%201.545-1.31-1.31-2.725%202.725-2.689-2.689%202.808-2.808-1.311-1.311z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M835.424%20699.795l.022%204.885-1.817-1.817-2.881%202.881-1.228-1.228%202.881-2.881-1.851-1.851z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E) 100% 50%;">Q & A for NHC - Chris Landsea</a></li></ul><table class="navbox" style="font-size: 12.3199996948242px; border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); border-image-source: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; width: 1354px; margin: 1em auto auto; clear: both; text-align: center; padding: 1px; border-spacing: 0px; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: rgb(253, 253, 253); background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding: 2px;"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="font-size: 12.3199996948242px; width: 1350px; border-spacing: 0px; background: transparent;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; background: rgb(221, 221, 255);"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Authority control</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="line-height: 1.5em; border-color: rgb(253, 253, 253); border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: solid; width: 1222px; padding: 0px; background: transparent;"><div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"><ul style="margin: 0px; padding: 0.125em 0px; list-style-image: url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20version%3D%221.1%22%20width%3D%225%22%20height%3D%2213%22%3E%0A%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%222.5%22%20cy%3D%229.5%22%20r%3D%222.5%22%20fill%3D%22%2300528c%22%2F%3E%0A%3C%2Fsvg%3E%0A);"><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-no2006-105933" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2210%22%20height%3D%2210%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate%28-826.429%20-698.791%29%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%225.982%22%20height%3D%225.982%22%20x%3D%22826.929%22%20y%3D%22702.309%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%2F%3E%3Cg%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M831.194%20698.791h5.234v5.391l-1.571%201.545-1.31-1.31-2.725%202.725-2.689-2.689%202.808-2.808-1.311-1.311z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M835.424%20699.795l.022%204.885-1.817-1.817-2.881%202.881-1.228-1.228%202.881-2.881-1.851-1.851z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E) 100% 50%;">WorldCat</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/2229242" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2210%22%20height%3D%2210%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate%28-826.429%20-698.791%29%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%225.982%22%20height%3D%225.982%22%20x%3D%22826.929%22%20y%3D%22702.309%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%2F%3E%3Cg%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M831.194%20698.791h5.234v5.391l-1.571%201.545-1.31-1.31-2.725%202.725-2.689-2.689%202.808-2.808-1.311-1.311z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M835.424%20699.795l.022%204.885-1.817-1.817-2.881%202.881-1.228-1.228%202.881-2.881-1.851-1.851z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E) 100% 50%;">2229242</a></span></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2006105933" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2210%22%20height%3D%2210%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate%28-826.429%20-698.791%29%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%225.982%22%20height%3D%225.982%22%20x%3D%22826.929%22%20y%3D%22702.309%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%2F%3E%3Cg%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M831.194%20698.791h5.234v5.391l-1.571%201.545-1.31-1.31-2.725%202.725-2.689-2.689%202.808-2.808-1.311-1.311z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M835.424%20699.795l.022%204.885-1.817-1.817-2.881%202.881-1.228-1.228%202.881-2.881-1.851-1.851z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E) 100% 50%;">no2006105933</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" style="border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 5px; margin-top: 1em; clear: both; color: rgb(37, 37, 37); font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.3999996185303px; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249);"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Categories</a>: <ul style="list-style: none none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline;"><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left-style: none; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0.25em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:American_meteorologists" title="Category:American meteorologists" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">American meteorologists</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration_personnel" title="Category:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration personnel" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration personnel</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:1965_births" title="Category:1965 births" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">1965 births</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Living people</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Global_warming_and_hurricanes" title="Category:Global warming and hurricanes" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Global warming and hurricanes</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Colorado_State_University_alumni" title="Category:Colorado State University alumni" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Colorado State University alumni</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div>==</div>