Miliband, D labour

===

Ed

<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband</a>

Edward Samuel "Ed" Miliband (born 24 December 1969) is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_Party(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">British Labour Party</a> politician, currently the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leader_of_the_Labour_Party(UK)" title="Leader of the Labour Party (UK)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Leader of the Labour Party</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(United_Kingdom)" title="Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Leader of the Opposition</a>.

He has been the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Member_of_Parliament(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Member of Parliament</a> (MP) for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doncaster_North(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Doncaster North (UK Parliament constituency)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Doncaster North</a> since <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,2005" title="United Kingdom general election, 2005" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">2005</a> and served in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Cabinet of the United Kingdom" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Cabinet</a> from 2007 to 2010 under Prime Minister <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_Brown" title="Gordon Brown" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Gordon Brown</a>. He and his brother, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Miliband" title="David Miliband" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">David Miliband</a>, were the first siblings to sit in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UK_Cabinet" title="UK Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Cabinet</a> simultaneously since <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Stanley,Lord_Stanley_(1894%E2%80%931938)" title="Edward Stanley, Lord Stanley (1894–1938)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Edward, Lord Stanley</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Stanley" title="Oliver Stanley" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Oliver Stanley</a> in 1938.

Born in London, Miliband graduated from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpus_Christi_College,Oxford" title="Corpus Christi College, Oxford" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Corpus Christi College</a> at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">University of Oxford</a>, and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">London School of Economics</a>, becoming first a television journalist and then a Labour Party researcher, before rising to become one of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Chancellor</a> Gordon Brown's confidants and Chairman of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HM_Treasury" title="HM Treasury" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">HM Treasury</a>'s Council of Economic Advisers. When Brown became Prime Minister in 2007, he appointed Miliband as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_for_the_Cabinet_Office" title="Minister for the Cabinet Office" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Minister for the Cabinet Office</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Duchy_of_Lancaster" title="Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster</a>. Miliband was subsequently promoted to the new post of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Energy_and_Climate_Change" title="Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change</a>, a position he held from 2008 to 2010. Later in 2010, he was <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_Party(UK)leadership_election,2010" title="Labour Party (UK) leadership election, 2010" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">elected Leader of the Labour Party</a>.

<h2 style=" color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border: none; font-size: 13.3000001907349px; display: inline; font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 1.3; background: none;">Contents</h2>

[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#" id="togglelink" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">hide</a>] </div>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#Early_life_and_education" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">1 Early life and education</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#Early_political_career" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">2 Early political career</a>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#Special_Adviser" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">2.1 Special Adviser</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#Harvard" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">2.2 Harvard</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#Parliament" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">2.3 Parliament</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#Cabinet" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">2.4 Cabinet</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#Leadership_of_the_Labour_Party" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">3 Leadership of the Labour Party</a>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#Leadership_election" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">3.1 Leadership election</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#Leader_of_the_Opposition" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">3.2 Leader of the Opposition</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#Shadow_Cabinet" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">3.3 Shadow Cabinet</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#Local_elections" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">3.4 Local elections</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#Policies_and_views" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">4 Policies and views</a>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#Self-described_views" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">4.1 Self-described views</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#Comments_on_other_politicians" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">4.2 Comments on other politicians</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#Personal_life" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">5 Personal life</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#Styles" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">6 Styles</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#References" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">7 References</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#Further_reading" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">8 Further reading</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#External_links" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">9 External links</a></li>

</ul>

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<h3 style=" color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom-style: none; font-size: 1.17em; line-height: 1.6; font-family: sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">Harvard<span class="mw-editsection" style=" -webkit-user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; font-family: sans-serif;">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ed_Miliband&action=edit&section=4&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Harvard" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">edit</a>]</h3>

<p style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: 22.3999996185303px; color: rgb(37, 37, 37); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">On 25 July 2002, it was announced that Miliband would take a 12-month unpaid <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabbatical" title="Sabbatical" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">sabbatical</a> from the Treasury to be a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholar" title="Scholar" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">visiting scholar</a> at the Centre for European Studies of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Harvard University</a> for two semesters.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-Harvard_leave-22" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[22]</a> He spent his time at Harvard teaching economics,<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-EdsFTProfile-23" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[23]</a> and stayed there after September 2003 for an additional semester teaching a course titled "What's Left? The Politics of Social Justice".<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-What.27s_Left.3F-24" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[24]</a> During this time, he was granted "access" to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senator" title="United States Senator" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Senator</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">John Kerry</a> and reported to Brown on the Presidential hopeful's progress.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-25" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[25]</a> After Miliband returned to the UK in January 2004 Gordon Brown appointed him Chairman of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HM_Treasury" title="HM Treasury" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">HM Treasury's</a> Council of Economic Advisers as a replacement for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Balls" title="Ed Balls" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Ed Balls</a>, with specific responsibility for directing the UK's long-term economic planning.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-Economic_Advisers-26" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[26]</a>

...

On 3 October 2008, Miliband was promoted to become <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Energy_and_Climate_Change" title="Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Secretary of State</a> for the newly created <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_Energy_and_Climate_Change" title="Department of Energy and Climate Change" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Department of Energy and Climate Change</a> in a Cabinet reshuffle.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-35" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[35]</a> On 16 October, Miliband announced that the British government would legislate to oblige itself to cut greenhouse emissions by 80% by 2050, rather than the 60% cut in carbon dioxide emissions previously announced.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-36" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[36]</a>

In March 2009, while <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Energy_and_Climate_Change" title="Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Secretary of State</a>, Miliband attended the UK premiere of climate-change film <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Age_of_Stupid" title="The Age of Stupid" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">The Age of Stupid</a>, where he was ambushed by actor <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pete_Postlethwaite" title="Pete Postlethwaite" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Pete Postlethwaite</a>, who threatened to return his <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OBE" title="OBE" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">OBE</a> and vote for any party other than Labour if the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingsnorth_2" title="Kingsnorth 2" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Kingsnorth coal-fired power station</a> was given the go-ahead by the government.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-37" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[37]</a> A month later, Miliband announced to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_House_of_Commons" title="British House of Commons" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">House of Commons</a> a change to the government's policy on coal-fired power stations, saying that any potential new coal-fired power stations would be unable to receive government consent unless they could demonstrate that they would be able to effectively capture and bury 25% of the emissions they produce immediately, with a view to seeing that rise to 100% of emissions by 2025. This, a government source told <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">the Guardian</a>, effectively represented "a complete rewrite of UK energy policy for the future".<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-38" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[38]</a>

Miliband represented the UK at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference" title="2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">2009 Copenhagen Summit</a>, from which emerged a global commitment to provide an additional US$10 billion a year to fight the effects of<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">climate change</a>, with an additional $100 billion a year provided by 2020.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-39" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[39]</a> The conference was not able to achieve a legally binding agreement. Miliband accused China of deliberately foiling attempts at a binding agreement; China explicitly denied this, accusing British politicians of engaging in a "political scheme".<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-40" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[40]</a>

During the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_parliamentary_expenses_scandal" title="United Kingdom parliamentary expenses scandal" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">2009 parliamentary expenses scandal</a>, Miliband was named by the Daily Telegraph as one of the "saints" of the scandal, due to his claiming one of the lowest amounts of expenses in the House of Commons and submitting no claims that later had to be paid back.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-41" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[41]</a>

...

Miliband has described himself as a new type of Labour politician, looking to move beyond the divisiveness of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blairism" title="Blairism" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Blairism</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brownism" title="Brownism" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Brownism</a>, and calling for an end to the "factionalism and psychodramas" of Labour's past. He has also repeatedly spoken of the requirement for a "new politics".<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-92" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[92]</a> During the Labour leadership campaign, he described himself as a socialist, and has spoken out against some of the actions of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blair_government" title="Blair government" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Blair government</a>, including criticising its record on civil liberties and stating that he would not have backed the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Iraq War</a>.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-93" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[93]</a> He called for "responsible capitalism" when <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google" title="Google" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Google</a>'s <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Schmidt" title="Eric Schmidt" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Eric Schmidt</a> commented on his corporation's non-payment of tax.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-94" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[94]</a> Though he was not in Parliament at the time of the 2003 vote, he remains a strong critic of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Iraq War</a>.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-95" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[95]</a> He has backed UK military action and intervention in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%93present)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–present)" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Afghanistan</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_intervention_in_Libya" title="2011 intervention in Libya" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Libya</a> respectively.

He also supported making the UK's 50% top rate of tax permanent, as well as the institution of a new <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_transaction_tax" title="Financial transaction tax" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">financial transaction tax</a>, mutualising <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Rock" title="Northern Rock" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Northern Rock</a>, putting limits on top salaries, scrapping <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuition_fees_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Tuition fees in the United Kingdom" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">tuition fees</a> in favour of a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graduate_tax" title="Graduate tax" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">graduate tax</a>, implementing a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Living_wage" title="Living wage" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">living wage policy</a> and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_cards_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Identity cards in the United Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">scrapping of the ID cards policy</a>, and has spoken in favour of a "National Care Service".<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-96" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[96]</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-97" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[97]</a>

Ed Miliband has worked closely with the think tank <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Policy_Network" title="Policy Network" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Policy Network</a> on the concept of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predistribution" title="Predistribution" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">predistribution</a> as a means to tackle what he has described as 'the growing crisis in living standards'.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-98" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[98]</a> His announcement that <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-distribution" title="Pre-distribution" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">pre-distribution</a> would become a cornerstone of the UK Labour Party's economic policy was jokingly mocked by Prime Minister <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">David Cameron</a>during <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister%27s_Questions" title="Prime Minister's Questions" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Prime Minister's Questions</a> in the House of Commons.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband#cite_note-99" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[99]</a>

===

2/15

Environmental leaders have welcomed a rare cross-party deal to tackle climate change struck between Britain’s leading political parties ahead of the general election.

Prime Minister David Cameron, Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg and opposition leader Ed Miliband of the Labour Party have jointly agreed to end the use of 'unabated' coal for power generation unless it uses new clean-up technology – and achieve a “fair, strong, legally binding” global climate deal.

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<h2 style=" font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); font-family: 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3; background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">Analysis and aftermath<span class="mw-editsection" style=" -webkit-user-select: none; font-size: small; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; font-family: sans-serif;">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Analysis and aftermath" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">edit</a>]</h2>

Despite widely held expectations that the Copenhagen summit would produce a legally binding treaty, the conference was plagued by negotiating deadlock and the resulting "Copenhagen Accord" which is not legally enforceable. BBC environment analyst <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Harrabin" title="Roger Harrabin" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Roger Harrabin</a> attributed the failure of the summit to live up to expectations to a number of factors including the recent <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%932010" title="Financial crisis of 2007–2010" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">global recession</a> and conservative domestic pressure in the US and China.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-Harrabin-136" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[136]</a>

Gregg Easterbrook described the Copenhagen Accord as "vague, nonbinding comments about how other people should use less fossil fuel". According to Easterbrook, international climate change negotiations are "complex, expensive and goin' nowhere" and are prone to creating the appearance of action while distracting attention from the lack of real change.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-ebrook-128" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[128]</a>

In the week following the end of the Copenhagen summit, carbon prices in the EU dropped to a six-month low.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-137" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[137]</a>

The Copenhagen Accord asked countries to submit emissions targets by the end of January 2010, and paves the way for further discussions to occur at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference" title="2010 United Nations Climate Change Conference" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">2010 UN climate change conference</a> in Mexico and the mid-year session in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Bonn</a>. By early February, 67 countries had registered their targets.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-138" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[138]</a> Countries such as India and Association of Island States made clear that they believed that Copenhagen Accord could not replace negotiations within the UNFCCC.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-139" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[139]</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-140" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[140]</a> Other commentators consider that "the future of the UN's role in international climate deals is now in doubt."<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-Harrabin-136" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[136]</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-141" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[141]</a>

<h3 style=" margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom-style: none; line-height: 1.6; background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">Failure blamed on developed countries<span class="mw-editsection" style=" -webkit-user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Failure blamed on developed countries" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">edit</a>]</h3>

<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Monbiot" title="George Monbiot" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">George Monbiot</a> blamed the failure of the conference to achieve a binding deal on the United States Senate and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Barack Obama</a>. By negotiating the Copenhagen Accord with only a select group of nations, most of the UN member states were excluded. If poorer nations did not sign the Accord then they would be unable to access funds from richer nations to help them adapt to climate change. He noted how the British and American governments have both blamed China for the failure of the talks but said that Obama placed China in "an impossible position" – "He demanded concessions while offering nothing."<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-142" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[142]</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Khor" title="Martin Khor" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Martin Khor</a> blamed Denmark for convening a meeting of only 26 nations in the final two days of the conference. He says that it undermined the UN's multilateral and democratic process of climate negotiations. It was in these meetings that China vetoed long-term emission-reduction goals for global emissions to decrease by 50%, and developed countries emissions to fall by 80% by 2050 compared to 1990. Khor states that this is when other countries began to blame the failures on China. If China had accepted this, by 2050 their emissions per capita would have had to be around one half to one fifth per capita of those of the United States.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-143" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[143]</a>

According to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kishore_Mahbubani" title="Kishore Mahbubani" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Kishore Mahbubani</a>, President Obama interrupted a negotiating session to which he had not been invited and began yelling at members of the Chinese delegation, including <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premier_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Premier of the People's Republic of China" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Premier</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wen_Jiabao" title="Wen Jiabao" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Wen Jiabao</a>, eliciting an angry response from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xie_Zhenhua" title="Xie Zhenhua" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Xie Zhenhua</a>.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-144" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[144]</a>

<h3 style=" margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom-style: none; line-height: 1.6; background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">Failure blamed on developing countries<span class="mw-editsection" style=" -webkit-user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Failure blamed on developing countries" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">edit</a>]</h3>

The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Australian Broadcasting Corporation" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Australian Broadcasting Corporation</a> has reported that India, China and other emerging nations cooperated at Copenhagen to thwart attempts at establishing legally binding targets for carbon emissions, in order to protect their economic growth.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-Sally_Sara-131" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[131]</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-145" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[145]</a>

UK Climate Change secretary Ed Miliband accused China specifically of sinking an agreement, provoking a counter response from China that British politicians were engaging in a political scheme.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-146" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[146]</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-147" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[147]</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Lynas" title="Mark Lynas" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">Mark Lynas</a>, who was attached to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">Maldives</a> delegation, accused China of "sabotaging" the talks and ensuring that Barack Obama would publicly shoulder the blame.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-148" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[148]</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-lynas-149" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[149]</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">The New York Times</a> has quoted Lynas as further commenting:

"...the NGO movement is ten years out of date. They’re still arguing for ‘climate justice’, whatever that means, which is interpreted by the big developing countries like India and China as a right to pollute up to Western levels. To me carbon equity is the logic of mutually assured destruction. I think NGOs are far too soft on the Chinese, given that it’s the world’s biggest polluter, and is the single most important factor in deciding when global emissions will peak, which in turn is the single most important factor in the eventual temperature outcome...

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<dd style=" line-height: 1.6; margin-left: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-right: 0px;">"I think the bottom line for China (and India) is growth, and given that this growth is mainly based on coal, there is going to have to be much more pressure on China if global emissions are to peak within any reasonable time frame. In Beijing the interests of the Party come first, second and third, and global warming is somewhere further down the list. Growth delivers stability and prosperity, and keeps the party in power."<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-150" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[150]</a></dd>

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China's <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xinhua" title="Xinhua" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Xinhua</a> news agency responded to these allegations by asserting that Premier Wen Jiabao played a sincere, determined and constructive role at the last minute talks in Copenhagen and credited him with playing a key role in the "success" of the conference.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-151" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[151]</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-152" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[152]</a> However, Wen did not take part in critical closed-door discussions at the end of the conference.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-lynas-149" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[149]</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-153" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[153]</a> According to Wen himself, the Chinese delegation was not informed about the critical discussion.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-154" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[154]</a>

The editorial of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Australian" title="The Australian" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">The Australian</a> newspaper, blamed African countries for turning Copenhagen into "a platform for demands that the world improve the continent's standard of living" and claimed that "Copenhagen was about old-fashioned anti-Americanism, not the environment".<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-155" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[155]</a>

Indian journalist <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praful_Bidwai" title="Praful Bidwai" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Praful Bidwai</a> puts the blame on both developed and a few developing countries such as India, arguing that the "Copenhagen Accord is an illegitimate, ill-conceived, collusive deal between a handful of countries that are some of the world's greatest present and future emitters."<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference#cite_note-156" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[156]</a> He argues that India's policy is driven by elites determined to maintain high-consumer lifestyles which will have devastating effects for the vast majority of India's poor.

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David Wright Miliband (born 15 July 1965) is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_people" title="British people" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">British</a> former <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_Party(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Labour Party</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politician" title="Politician" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">politician</a> who was the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Member_of_Parliament(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Member of Parliament</a> (MP) for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Shields(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="South Shields (UK Parliament constituency)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">South Shields</a> from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,2001" title="United Kingdom general election, 2001" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">2001</a> to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Shields_by-election,2013" title="South Shields by-election, 2013" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">2013</a>, and was the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Foreign_and_Commonwealth_Affairs" title="Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs</a> from 2007 to 2010. He and his brother, the current <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leader_of_the_Labour_Party(UK)" title="Leader of the Labour Party (UK)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Leader of the Labour Party</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband" title="Ed Miliband" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Ed Miliband</a>, were the first siblings to sit in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UK_Cabinet" title="UK Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Cabinet</a> simultaneously since <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Stanley,Lord_Stanley(1894%E2%80%931938)" title="Edward Stanley, Lord Stanley (1894–1938)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Edward, Lord Stanley</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Stanley" title="Oliver Stanley" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Oliver Stanley</a> in 1938.

Born in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London" title="London" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">London</a>, Miliband studied at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_University" title="Oxford University" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Oxford University</a> and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a>, where he started his career at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_for_Public_Policy_Research" title="Institute for Public Policy Research" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Institute for Public Policy Research</a>. Aged 29 he became <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Tony Blair</a>'s Head of Policy whilst the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_Party(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Labour Party</a> was in opposition, and he was a major contributor to Labour's manifesto for the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,1997" title="United Kingdom general election, 1997" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">1997 election</a>, which brought the party to power in a landslide victory. Blair subsequently made him head of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downing_Street_policy_unit" title="Downing Street policy unit" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Prime Minister's Policy Unit</a> from 1997 to 2001, at which point Miliband was elected to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Parliament</a> for the seat of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Shields_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="South Shields (UK Parliament constituency)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">South Shields</a>.

Miliband spent the next few years in various junior ministerial posts, including at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_for_Education_and_Skills(United_Kingdom)" title="Department for Education and Skills (United Kingdom)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Department for Education and Skills</a>, before joining the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabinet(UK)" title="Cabinet (UK)" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Cabinet</a> in 2006 as<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Environment,Food_and_Rural_Affairs" title="Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Environment Secretary</a>. His tenure in this post saw <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">climate change</a> consolidated as a priority for policymakers. On the succession of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_Brown" title="Gordon Brown" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Gordon Brown</a> as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_UK" title="Prime Minister of the UK" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Prime Minister</a> in 2007, Miliband was promoted to become <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Foreign_and_Commonwealth_Affairs" title="Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Foreign Secretary</a>. At the age of 41, he became the youngest person to hold that office since <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Owen" title="David Owen" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">David Owen</a> 30 years earlier. In September 2010, Miliband narrowly lost the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_Party(UK)leadership_election,2010" title="Labour Party (UK) leadership election, 2010" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Labour leadership election</a> to his brother Ed. On 29 September 2010, he announced that to avoid "constant comparison" with his brother Ed, and because of the "perpetual, distracting and destructive attempts to find division where there is none, and splits where they don't exist, all to the detriment of the party's cause", he would not stand for the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Official_Opposition_Shadow_Cabinet_(United_Kingdom)" title="Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet (United Kingdom)" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Shadow Cabinet</a>.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Miliband#cite_note-Mulholland-29-09-2010-3" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[3]</a>

On 15 April 2013, Miliband <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resignation_from_the_British_House_of_Commons" title="Resignation from the British House of Commons" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">resigned from Parliament</a> in order to take up the posts of President and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEO" title="CEO" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">CEO</a> of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Rescue_Committee" title="International Rescue Committee" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">International Rescue Committee</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">New York City</a>, which triggered a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Shields_by-election,_2013" title="South Shields by-election, 2013" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">by-election</a>.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Miliband#cite_note-BBC21947497-4" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[4]</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Miliband#cite_note-5" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[5]</a>

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