Norfolk Southern

political donor

=<a href="https://boingboing.net/2023/03/31/feds-go-after-northfolk-southern-operator-of-derailed-train-that-dumped-toxic-chemicals-in-east-palestine.html">https://boingboing.net/2023/03/31/feds-go-after-northfolk-southern-operator-of-derailed-train-that-dumped-toxic-chemicals-in-east-palestine.html</a>=<a href="https://theintercept.com/2023/02/23/east-palestine-norfolk-southern/">https://theintercept.com/2023/02/23/east-palestine-norfolk-southern/</a>
emotional lang 2008<div>=</div><div>3 23 yahoo greg c  also <a href="https://www.opednews.com/articles/East-Palestine-Train-Derai-Democracy_Democracy-History_Real-Democracy_Train-Crash-230309-199.html">https://www.opednews.com/articles/East-Palestine-Train-Derai-Democracy_Democracy-History_Real-Democracy_Train-Crash-230309-199.html</a></div><div>
</div><div> Norfolk Southern Corporation train derailment and subsequent hazardous chemical release in and beyond East Palestine, Ohio are the inevitable result of multiple anti-democratic realities. Many are interconnected and are the same for the <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/r?u=BiDEj8yGy-h4To0LUa2PcgPAghVI1wTfqP3Z04abz7XKiDYm8Yn8WgJo3p-A9mUc4RLqsduSyAYnEU1KtkfOtgEzZKv7hDzcaeu7PlEFfkfiJFj1ubeHqPnA8ga3tK2j&e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=2">roughly 1000 train derailments per year</a>.Private ownership of railroadsNorfolk Southern Corporation’s <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/r?u=Qmjvj8IiEV5YVofwVDaTBv_4fTW_spNNN8ha6HTJe78467TxLeHBuJ25cLeHyBc73HRHDNT7Mlpqk4q3x2iFS5kkXB9DDN7-mq9bj8WBCB8Z810furp2ZodhoSB0EeWD584xi6m47UBCWInCtqKUhw&e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=3">record earnings</a> in 2022 benefited its top managers, speculators and investors. Maximizing profits have been prioritized over necessary investments in technology upgrades and worker safety. The <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/r?u=NREEtdEPliNfTTX_t9Tx5vrXRU2EeNgqO4L1qDCJn2mHxbs6EjGBlRYVn2xFnjY-yWRB7DcHGNQgwQL4AR19e7Z0VxY9BLVwADDa9zrmD8EzV-PuVoPjcFsfZoKp5&e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=4">Railroad Workers United</a> in response is calling for public ownership of railroads, as they once were in WWI.Lack of worker powerStrikes are powerful tactics of workers to exert leverage against management on safety issues and fair treatment. <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/r?u=DcVnD4FxH505Tby1SBsmXYKDieH2k_3EyGijSuME9DJCKNt2mVF2q3CZnt2PoB2eFa2Wmi7mfGn8KKBSamaaAbz7esCG7HPkMSRMVs_7D8eKg-EPqYebzlqb6oADnXUxmAIbOYp6K2Fj8UDD06cCPw&e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=5">Unions representing rail workers have been virtually unable to strike</a> since passage of the Railway Labor Act in 1926, which gives the government, specifically the President and Congress, vast powers to force workers to accept alternative means of resolving disputes.No community rightsCommunities have little authority to control material coming into or even passing through their jurisdictions by trains or trucks if that material can be defined as “commerce,” based on the Constitution’s <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/r?u=1U0fTQTZoiVKE8oBL-QLikqZTO6CoLGoZvPLGQkPtHBoueAVcdKqy_uNx5MjrR2A&e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=6">Commerce Clause</a>. Ohio state and E. Palestine officials weren’t even notified the Norfolk Southern train that derailed was carrying <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/r?u=97Pw_8S3NTrx0-mXMs2olTFJKu4tbjVZ8f_ZKYi_1eoy8XHiIm38WQRGgo6oBu5Ph5sKqrdkk0FLy6TZTXjzkw&e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=7">vinyl chloride</a>, <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/r?u=97Pw_8S3NTrx0-mXMs2olTFJKu4tbjVZ8f_ZKYi_1erBSD6rqw5CuqRR4dpGXzYrzZdU2_1Q7sd5ZEYgKRW3cA&e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=8">ethylhexyl acrylate</a> and other highly toxic chemicals.Corporate campaign contributionsThe Railroad industry has poured <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/r?u=YDzITEgJp2pH9y7Nkh1bRMjlxtjb7uTyWB9ZQ7zqtb9r9PoWFG1cATFnS7zl0a1S2Bv5XLcCavVXJOpV0W0xNCMFged1xaVsdIraxtPqjrqx7KsIgwDBkwciliWXnx6ZyZ0EvUOvE2WDqg1lLTW6gJeRHCom7qagg3fafYXUhEM&e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=9">$85 million</a> into federal candidate campaigns, political parties and outside spending groups since 2002. Norfolk Southern’s political investments have been <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/r?u=YDzITEgJp2pH9y7Nkh1bRONbsRYdyyJbHk1pWnsJaXZeXR6n5a_FGrqnWWaVHtVURGkY-f-KS_GAFp4gmx3wNrRHBHHK_NFNGHuZmv2h3j_NiSt8-lDG3_nLQq83h5ru1WIGYqED_zpYoEMxa84reOafGySAv_BuIdjiqnvXszI3abYafNsXLxFHVXnvXy_qzTJ6iDRSox6qBFnFdegLjw&e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=10">$17 million</a> since 1990. At the state level, the corporation invested <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/r?u=NXH_rYdMEIIJzY2gWoU8LkHMqR7nd7E0i-UAq6QoKfQOchhnvb5wTpBmExxgfKNBY_yYPnEZ93vXe2qdQ1B67kzri4MnWh6OBWG0lRZRMrXIlfZDuRINQaN9kNXSQ-exwUSDH-qI5TxShGLy5DVvEw0pmxLj7R9jXRptBoywhY4&e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=11">$98,000</a> into Ohio political races since 2018, with Gov. Mike DeWine (who at first didn’t call for federal assistance following the E. Palestine disaster since he didn’t see a problem) being the largest recipient. At the very least, political campaign contributions buy access to public officials; at worst, buys favors. Corporate lobbyingThe railroad industry invested <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/r?u=YDzITEgJp2pH9y7Nkh1bRLkLYawmR-K1yIXK_jnP_VOfDGzAcP4XC5uQBCQcTICf4jq1vHtLRQsUEvhkxYpHLi7srdWZAtCfuAcgMVwn6lo&e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=12">$24.6 million to employ 265 reported lobbyists </a>to influence the federal government in 2022 – Norfolk Southern’s portion was <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/r?u=YDzITEgJp2pH9y7Nkh1bRHX5Q3ori3UOdFyuqUs5DwdTrqFXe_O-qGQAVn6oJUfZguQN6TgWEw9ZkH2uf8T-yqzxi1_aL9OH5QAhKfdIGImRePkCI9WtxAaWZyGyrvXM&e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=13">$1.8 million</a>.  Rail lobbyists and $6 million from the rail industry to GOP campaigns in 2017 effectively reversed requirements that rail cars carrying hazardous flammable materials have modern electronic braking systems. Lobbyists have sought for fewer workers on trains, trains to be longer and heavier, and reduced fines for penalties – as well as against installing modern electronic braking systems, paid sick leave for workers and having to define trains carrying hazardous chemicals like the Norfolk Southern that derailed in E. Palestine as “high hazard,” which would increase additional safety requirements, costs and public notification. Supreme Court decisionsThe High Court decided that <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/r?u=R4DwK52-IW9d9vz9D1AfaGOKI5-td47SeRdHGLd9vqQKOiLOB1NRH8oiqbHhyPTf&e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=14">corporate entities have the constitutional right to contribute to political campaigns</a>. This has permitted corporations like Norfolk Southern to corrupt the political process favorable to their interests, such as the previously mentioned laws and regulations profitable to railroads, Supreme Court-granted corporate <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/r?u=fk3qs1mHicx9-w03tafB2G8vNGMp4KGcuuJPtVN2YhZE0BswpsiadBH-D4CGM387sNg5gNAmUCPguGQ2dOhWVvr0I0P4l2zZhwsTv2NInUq_YxgzCApHIeTUy9oJUa5ZhhZBu7tc5-rko9tHaH6HpSjnVwDT0d48xYJ-WJga1A5SuLgo_etEXKuFot2W6guh&e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=15">Fourth Amendment</a> search and seizure rights prevent surprise inspections of corporate property like trains meant to protect workers and communities.Ineffective and/or captured regulatory agenciesPublic safety inspections are not only limited by constitutional rights, but by regulatory agency funding. The Federal Railroad Administration, the major railroad regulatory agency, has only 400 inspectors. This has forced the FHA to increasingly allow <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/r?u=iRE2Rcz7-IK2_eIFa32TdHAxZcwPlWxvf6JgKUtxc0ss_Gp3FacrxQh2BHqO-iYF_Vzp6viCggGAztfsRWIJlOqVpLrirhl_HjH9PXhuQb7jquJqC6HUU1ZcZcYeSjHs0A8OLeXAN8rPWE740Erwb0x3ObLLTJFnXrJ7B1F2AU40xuhBoB2aw2iB8KA_UR5y&e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=16">railroad corporations to inspect their own trains, tracks and signals</a>. The EPA recently announced that its requiring <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/r?u=rJ8uVOed9-86nlXcL_AtsFIXZMTFLlgjdl5cjbL8DMVQ6KRXG1wrCIS_liT2DJwOBZnoAiJxnvLzl3IsspbGCXvqQNZfahVAbB86U8iTnqd2Pv6_p2ZNQFUlGTHsmIHO7DG91soG7aAHRu7gLioz4x_EDPhZ55calU5br2qq5mY&e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=17">Norfolk Southern to directly test for dioxins</a> in East Palestine. Where’s the public accountability when, in effect, an entity guilty of crime gets to be the prosecutor, judge and jury? Criminalization of protest <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/r?u=N_46r_dclPVQrMW9dpfss4CVl0vRhA8FUVT8dkqOHbzTfFKVeFxbIUTWcjDNlAKHg_ehSVh1aAz6JRhwURDipLhh28LiHixZk6mLeROOF6cqSfGXXa3m6J1H80s_BoLTPHvH0KqMzBWlP2whioCNFg&e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=18">Forty-five states have considered 265 “anti-protest” bills, 39 of which have already passed in 20 states</a> since 2017. Penalties of felonies serve as a deterrent to individuals to attend public events and send the message that those who protest must be extremists. This mindset is reflected in the reaction by federal and Ohio “law enforcement” agencies to the recent visit of whistleblower Erin Brockovich to E. Palestine. A <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/r?u=EgoLP66qKbjSe1ZxerGwBKhtYYGEbWjMdFQHSfqylteIcmHjzTBeHIAFhxFJe53aL--ZDQiuV3XpEOwv-jlKsn4uC0n-OWCEsPY575OvBCARLhtBqDrm-4ScuGPYVGXFU_1sr-OZ5KGucpyo9bvybtoPXig-K0mhY1JxMXLjDX1eEuOIi0jGOmg1ryyutddO7yEMrQgZzRJ2TESqfctNNg&e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=19">report</a> by the agencies "assesses that special interest extremist groups will continue to call for changes in governmental policy, which may lead to protests in/around East Palestine and/or at the Statehouse in Columbus.” The East Palestine tragedy is sadly just a symptom of current political realities and calls for fundamental systemic change.Enacting the <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="blank" href="https://www.movetoamend.org/amendment?e=c4bd75a7df792ae4a17981d702bb76b4&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=east_palestine&n=20">We the People Amendment, HJR48</a> that would abolish all corporate constitutional rights and political money defined as free speech, is urgent. But fundamental self-governance goes beyond the amendment. Independent people's movements led by individuals who’ve been historically treated unjustly is a prerequisite for how to get real democracy on track – for the very first time. </div><div>=</div>2 23 3rd derail in 3 states in X weeks?
=media fail mma 30%
<a href="https://www.mediamatters.org/fox-news/study-30-cable-coverage-trumps-visit-east-palestine-cited-his-role-deregulating-rail">https://www.mediamatters.org/fox-news/study-30-cable-coverage-trumps-visit-east-palestine-cited-his-role-deregulating-rail</a>=david urban lobby<a href="https://www.mediamatters.org/cnn/cnn-commentator-lobbied-norfolk-southern-network-didnt-tell-its-audience-during-east-palestine">https://www.mediamatters.org/cnn/cnn-commentator-lobbied-norfolk-southern-network-didnt-tell-its-audience-during-east-palestine</a>
<div>mma 2 23</div><div>
</div><div>cNN’s State of the Union and host Dana Bash held a Sunday roundtable discussion about the East Palestine, Ohio, train derailment featuring CNN political commentator David Urban, who said that “there's plenty of blame to go around on this” and pivoted to criticizing the Biden administration. CNN never disclosed or asked Urban about his  work for Norfolk Southern, which paid him and his then-lobbying firm over a million dollars. Urban <a href="https://www.politico.com/newsletters/politico-influence/2022/04/06/bgr-snaps-up-urban-00023505" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">was</a> until 2020 the president of the lobbying firm American Continental Group, where he <a href="https://lda.senate.gov/filings/public/filing/search/?registrant=&registrant_country=&registrant_ppb_country=&client=Norfolk&client_state=&client_country=&client_ppb_country=&lobbyist=Urban%2C+David&lobbyist_covered_position=&lobbyist_conviction_disclosure=&lobbyist_conviction_date_range_from=&lobbyist_conviction_date_range_to=&report_period=&report_year=&report_dt_posted_from=&report_dt_posted_to=&report_amount_reported_min=&report_amount_reported_max=&report_filing_uuid=&report_house_doc_id=&report_issue_area_description=&affiliated_organization=&affiliated_organization_country=&foreign_entity=&foreign_entity_country=&foreign_entity_ppb_country=&foreign_entity_ownership_percentage_min=&foreign_entity_ownership_percentage_max=&search=search" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">lobbied</a> for Norfolk Southern <a href="https://lda.senate.gov/filings/public/filing/6bff61ce-f866-4b4a-86cf-906c8537c7ae/print/" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">on</a> “transportation issues related to railways” starting in 2009, according to federal disclosure forms. He and his firm <a href="https://projects.propublica.org/represent/lobbying/r/300927961" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">collected</a> at least $1,140,000, according to a calculation of federal data by ProPublica. The Republican commentator is now the <a href="https://bgrdc.com/team-member-post/david-j-urban/" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">managing director</a> for BGR Group, a <a href="https://about.bgov.com/top-lobbying-firms/" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">leading</a> lobbying firm that presents countless conflicts of interest for his on-air work. In its most recent lobbying quarter, BGR has continued to <a href="https://lda.senate.gov/filings/public/filing/search/?registrant=BGR&registrant_country=&registrant_ppb_country=&client=&client_state=&client_country=&client_ppb_country=&lobbyist=&lobbyist_covered_position=&lobbyist_conviction_disclosure=&lobbyist_conviction_date_range_from=&lobbyist_conviction_date_range_to=&report_period=&report_year=&report_dt_posted_from=&report_dt_posted_to=&report_amount_reported_min=&report_amount_reported_max=&report_filing_uuid=&report_house_doc_id=&report_issue_area=TRA&report_issue_area_description=&affiliated_organization=&affiliated_organization_country=&foreign_entity=&foreign_entity_country=&foreign_entity_ppb_country=&foreign_entity_ownership_percentage_min=&foreign_entity_ownership_percentage_max=&search=search" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">lobby</a> on transportation issues. Its website also <a href="https://bgrdc.com/government-affairs/commerce-infrastructure/" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">states</a>: “Our clients in the aviation, automotive, rail, shipping and mass transit industries rely on BGR to educate political leaders about how vital these industries are to domestic and international commerce.” Urban also played a <a href="https://www.thedailybeast.com/david-urban-why-is-cnn-paying-a-trump-campaign-adviser" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">key</a> <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/David_Urban" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">role</a> in the election of former President Donald Trump, who <a href="https://www.mediamatters.org/fox-news/study-30-cable-coverage-trumps-visit-east-palestine-cited-his-role-deregulating-rail" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">weakened</a> safety regulations in the rail industry. He appeared on the February 26 <a href="https://transcripts.cnn.com/show/sotu/date/2023-02-26/segment/01" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">edition</a> of CNN’s State of the Union, where he participated in a panel discussion about East Palestine. CNN identified him on screen as a CNN political commentator and former Trump campaign adviser. During the segment, Bash <a href="https://www.mediamatters.org/media/4001168" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">said</a> that the Trump administration rolled back regulations, to which Urban replied: “There's plenty of blame to go around on this, on these kind -- when these kinds of things happen. But what's important is what we do moving forward, right, to take care of the people in these towns and communities.” He then went on to criticize the Biden administration for allegedly “sloughing off” the crisis. CNN and Bash didn’t disclose Urban’s work for Norfolk Southern and BGR’s connections to the railroad industry. And Bash didn’t challenge him on whether any of the “blame” should go to Norfolk Southern or about his own work for the company. Norfolk Southern, specifically, <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/transportation/2023/02/18/norfolk-southern-derailment-ohio-train-safety/" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">lobbied</a> <a href="https://abc6onyourside.com/news/local/norfolk-southern-plied-ohio-politicians-with-campaign-cash-extensive-lobbying-mike-dewine-richard-cordray-railroads-train-puco-dave-yost-east-palestine-alan-shaw-ntsb" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">against</a> safety regulations. CNN has continued to employ Urban despite a dizzying array of ethical problems. For example:<ul dir="ltr" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; clear: both; list-style: none; padding: 0px;"><li role="presentation" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding-left: 2.4rem; position: relative;">Urban <a href="https://www.mediamatters.org/cnn/cnn-doesnt-tell-viewers-its-analyst-who-urged-military-strike-against-iran-lobbyist-defense" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: transparent; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">urged</a> a military strike against Iran without any disclosure that he worked for defense contractors. </li><li role="presentation" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding-left: 2.4rem; position: relative;">Urban <a href="https://www.mediamatters.org/cnn/broken-record-cnns-david-urban-touts-defense-secretary-doesnt-disclose-financial-conflicts" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: transparent; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">praised</a> then-Defense Secretary Mark Esper without the network disclosing that he personally lobbied the Defense Department on behalf of defense contractors. </li><li role="presentation" style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding-left: 2.4rem; position: relative;">Urban <a href="https://www.mediamatters.org/cnn/cnn-commentator-attacks-green-policies-while-his-firm-collects-hundreds-thousands-fossil-fuel" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">repeatedly attacked</a> environmental protections without disclosing he lobbied for fossil fuel-related clients including Norfolk Southern, which transports coal. </li><li role="presentation" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding-left: 2.4rem; position: relative;">Urban <a href="https://www.mediamatters.org/cnn/cnns-ethics-mess-employee-again-used-network-job-promote-his-lobbying-clients-cause" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: transparent; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">repeatedly</a> <a href="https://www.mediamatters.org/cnn/cnn-employee-used-network-push-trump-trade-agreement-days-after-registering-lobby-it" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: transparent; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">pushed</a> <a href="https://www.mediamatters.org/cnn/cnn-and-jake-tapper-fail-disclose-employees-major-lobbying-conflict-interest" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: transparent; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">for</a> the passage of a trade agreement on-air after he was hired to lobby for it. The network didn’t disclose the conflict of interest. </li><li role="presentation" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding-left: 2.4rem; position: relative;">Urban <a href="https://www.mediamatters.org/cnn/pro-trump-cnn-commentator-used-network-push-lobbying-client-without-disclosure-viewers" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: transparent; transition: box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5) 0px -1px 0px inset;">touted</a> a lobbying client’s opposition to a tax bill without any disclosure that they paid him.</li></ul>=</div>=<div></div><div>an 2 23</div><div>
</div><div>ahead of former President Donald Trump's Wednesday visit to East Palestine, Ohio—where a Norfolk Southern-owned train transporting carcinogenic chemicals derailed on February 3, prompting a mass evacuation and release of pollutants—progressive critics highlighted the key role his administration played in making the fiery crash and its toxic aftermath more likely.During his speech, Trump—considered a leading GOP presidential candidate for 2024 despite spearheading a deadly coup attempt following his 2020 loss—criticized how President Joe Biden's administration has responded to the environmental and public health disaster unfolding in East Palestine, a poor rural town of about 4,700 people located a few miles west of the Pennsylvania border.But as critics noted beforehand, the Trump administration's gutting of train safety rules at the behest of railroad industry lobbyists was instrumental in creating the conditions for the derailment and ensuing chemical spill and burnoff, which has provoked <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/east-palestine-ohio-water" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">fears</a> of groundwater contamination and air pollution.
"He should be apologizing to that community for his administration rolling back rail regulations," progressive stalwart Nina Turner, a former Ohio state senator, tweeted prior to Trump's address.philadelphia Inquirer columnist Will Bunch made a similar point in an <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/opinion/trump-east-palestine-wreck" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">opinion piece</a> published earlier this week."If residents of East Palestine—<a href="https://www.daytondailynews.com/ideas-voices/marcano-the-importance-of-local-media-following-the-east-palestine-derailment/7ORSBKCMPZGLLPR6NAX3EWXNPA/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">a modern news desert</a> of downsized or disappeared news sources, which allows misinformation to fester—truly knew the reality, a delegation of townsfolk would likely greet Trump with tiki torches and pitchforks," Bunch wrote, comparing the former president's visit to "the tendency of a criminal to return to the scene of his crime."Bunch noted that "Trump acted specifically to <a href="https://jacobin.com/2023/02/rail-companies-safety-rules-ohio-derailment-brake-sytems-regulations" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">sabotage a nascent government effort </a>to protect citizens from the growing threat posed by derailments of outdated, poorly equipped, and undermanned freight trains that were increasingly shipping both highly flammable crude oil from the U.S. fracking boom as well as toxic chemicals like the ones that would derail in East Palestine.""Trump had been in office for less than a year when <a href="https://www.newsweek.com/donald-trump-blame-ohio-train-derailment-1781163" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">he moved to kill </a>the 2015 rule change initiated by the Obama administration that would have required freight trains to upgrade the current braking technology that was developed in the 19th century for state-of-the-art electronic systems," wrote Bunch, who pointed out that this came after Norfolk Southern and other rail carriers donated <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/industries/totals.php?cycle=2022&ind=m04" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">more than $6 million</a> to Republican candidates in 2016 and spent millions more on <a href="https://theintercept.com/2023/02/21/east-palestine-rail-safety-congress/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">lobbying</a>."With the investigation into the East Palestine wreck still in its early phases, it's not clear if the modern brakes—originally required for installation by 2021—could have prevented the toxic derailment or whether the specific Obama rule would have applied," Bunch continued. "But <a href="https://www.levernews.com/rail-companies-blocked-safety-rules-before-ohio-derailment/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">experts do believe the new brakes</a> could have mitigated the wreckage—and thus the release of so many hazardous chemicals.""The rule reversal wasn't the only time that Team Trump sided with Big Rail over the forgotten Americans who live on the wrong side of their tracks," he added. "In 2019, for example, the Trump administration moved to not strengthen but <a href="https://www.eesi.org/articles/view/trump-administration-loosening-regulations-for-rail-transportation-of-flammable-natural-gas" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">relax regulations</a> on shipping fracked natural gas through communities like East Palestine. The same year, Trump's White House also killed an Obama-era proposal that would have required two crew members in freight-train locomotives."Ahead of Trump's visit, More Perfect Union also <a href="https://twitter.com/MorePerfectUS/status/1628166037714661378" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">argued</a> on social media that the ex-president's "attempt to portray himself as a friend of the town and as someone who would have stood up to Norfolk Southern... couldn't be further from the truth."As the progressive media outlet observed, the Trump administration "withdrew multiple rail safety recommendations and moved toward a 'self-regulatory approach' where rail companies could do as they pleased.""It's no surprise that the Trump years were filled with dangerous deregulation," More Perfect Union asserted, describing his decision to <a href="https://apnews.com/article/wv-state-wire-north-america-donald-trump-us-news-ap-top-news-2e91c7211b4947de8837ebeda53080b9mp-us-news-ap-top-news-transportation-1936e77a11924c909880f1ef014c7ca7" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">nominate</a> top rail industry executives to lead the Federal Railroad Administration and the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration as "a prime example of the revolving door between business and government.""The Trump approach to the rail industry was to let the companies do what they wanted, which was to avoid regulations, slash jobs, and extract profit," the outlet continued. "This approach, and rail companies' greed, has led to over 1,000 derailments each year. Some are massive catastrophes like East Palestine. But every single one is harmful. And if the industry isn't regulated and forced to change, we'll soon be seeing more disasters."When Trump "pretends to care about rail workers, or the people of East Palestine, we can't believe him," More Perfect Union added. "His record tells a very different story, the story of his own role in creating this problem in the first place."Even some conservative critics of Trump have questioned the sincerity of his visit."It's clear that it's a political stunt," Ray LaHood, a Republican ex-member of Congress who led the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) during former President Barack Obama's first term, <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2023/02/22/donald-trump-ohio-visit-questions-safety-legacy-00083885" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">told</a> Politico on Wednesday. "If he wants to visit, he's a citizen. But clearly his regulations and the elimination of them, and no emphasis on safety, is going to be pointed out."Sen. Chris Murphy (D-Conn.) wasted little time in doing exactly that, calling the GOP's indignation "fake" soon after Trump announced his travel plans.Bunch acknowledged that "it's beyond hypocritical for Trump to bring his Harold Hill-huckster shtick to East Palestine when residents are still experiencing headaches and breathing foul air from the kind of catastrophe he didn't lift a finger to stop from the Resolute Desk.""But also it's a bit baffling why Biden or his Transportation Secretary <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/tag/pete-buttigieg" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">Pete Buttigieg</a>—who seems to be channeling <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/05/us/politics/pete-buttigieg-mckinsey.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">his inner McKinsey & Co.</a> these days—haven't gone to Ohio," he argued. "Especially when Trump and any other Republicans hoping to make political hay off of East Palestine's misery are coming to town empty-handed.""None of the anti-Biden critics on this issue have offered a solution, because they can't," wrote Bunch. "The only fix for the kind of runaway abuses of modern capitalism that cause these environmental catastrophes is government regulation, aided by empowering worker safety with strong unions—two things that the Trump-led GOP has opposed at every turn."Even in the wake of the disaster, Republican lawmakers have refused to demand stronger regulations, as HuffPost <a href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/republicans-ohio-train-disaster-safety-reforms-trump_n_63f57ecce4b0616708de41fb" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">reported</a>:Rep. Bill Johnson (R-Ohio), a vocal Biden critic who represents East Palestine, on Tuesday dismissed immediate calls for stricter rail regulations, saying actions toward accountability will hinge on the findings of a National Transportation Safety Board [NTSB] investigation into the derailment.

'That will dictate whether there are laws, regulations that need to be changed, whether there were rules that were violated,' he said during a news conference in East Palestine. 'We don't know any of that yet, and we won't know that until NTSB releases its report.'Hours before Trump spoke, Buttigieg <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/buttigieg-visit-east-palestine-train-derailment-toxic-spill-rcna71812" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">announced</a> that he plans to travel to East Palestine on Thursday. His visit is expected to coincide with the publication of the NTSB's preliminary report about its ongoing probe into the crash.On Tuesday, Buttigieg unveiled DOT's recommendations for improving the safety of the nation's rail system, though an inter-union alliance of rail workers immediately <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/rail-workers-buttigieg-usdot-plan-insufficient" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">criticized</a> the plan as inadequate.Given the scale of the problems—and in light of the transportation secretary's ongoing refusal to exercise his <a href="https://the.levernews.com/protect-america-from-train-disasters/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">authority</a> to reinstate previously gutted rules along with his <a href="https://www.levernews.com/there-will-be-more-derailments/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">consideration</a> of an industry-backed proposal to further weaken the regulation of train braking systems—union leaders have <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/rail-worker-alliance-nationalization" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">called for</a> nationalizing the railways and implementing their proposed solutions.Turner, for her part, <a href="https://twitter.com/ninaturner/status/1628460058022486016" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">emphasized</a> that she has "been outspoken about the two years the Biden administration had [to] fix these problems.""The Trump administration is at fault, as is the Obama administration," Turner contended, referring to the fact that the latter's regulations were also watered down in response to industry pressure."The Ohio GOP is to blame as well," she added, echoing recent <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/norfolk-southern-donated-mike-dewine-before-east-palestine-disaster" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">reporting</a> on Norfolk Southern's campaign to influence state-level lawmakers and officials. "Failure at every level of government and multiple administrations led to this."</div><div><div align="left" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">===</div></div>

=<a href="http://appvoices.org/2016/02/18/corporate-land-ownership-appalachia/">http://appvoices.org/2016/02/18/corporate-land-ownership-appalachia/</a>...<h3 style="font-weight: 400; margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-top: 2em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ase Study: Wyoming County, W.Va.</h3><p style="border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.4em 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">The 2013 West Virginia study identified Wyoming County as the state’s most corporately owned county. It determined that the top 10 landowners hold 75.8 percent of the county’s private land, and “just two companies — Heartwood Forestland Company and Norfolk Southern — own over 50 percent of the county’s privately held land.”<p style="border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.4em 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">The most recent <a href="http://www.wyoming.wvassessor.com/search.aspx" target="blank" style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none;">available property records</a> for Wyoming County uphold the findings of the 2013 study. For example, Pocahontas Land Company, a subsidiary of Norfolk Southern, is still listed as owning more than 77,000 acres in the county, or roughly 25 percent of the privately owned land, with an average assessed property value of less than $350 per acre for 2016.<p style="border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.4em 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">For Dewey Houck, president and founder of the <a href="http://railwv.org/" target="blank" style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none;">Rural Appalachian Improvement League</a> in Mullens, W.Va., these large land-holding companies have their own personalities and policies, and each should be considered individually.<p style="border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.4em 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">According to Houck, Pocahontas Land Company has cooperated with his organization — a nonprofit community group working to bring opportunities to southern West Virginia — even leasing them several properties for agricultural and recreational purposes.<p style="border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0.4em 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">But another large landowner, Western Pocahontas Properties, has been harder to work with. The company’s parcels of land that were once accessible to the public are now locked behind gates with “no trespassing” signs. “For years,” Houck says, “the land was used by the public. Especially hunters could go on their property and hunt, and use the land same as public land, and what they’ve done is started leasing their land to whoever can pay the fee that they charge.”...
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<div class="hatnote" style="padding-left: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 22.4px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">This article is about the rail company that has existed since 1982. For other uses, see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_(disambiguation)" title="Norfolk Southern (disambiguation)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Norfolk Southern (disambiguation)</a>.</div>

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<table class="collapsible" id="collapsibleTable0" style="width: 946px; background: transparent;"><tbody><tr><th style=" text-align: left; padding: 0.2em 2px 0.2em 0px;">[<a id="collapseButton0" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#" style="text-decoration: none; padding: 0px !important; background: none !important;">hide</a>]This article has multiple issues. Please help <a class="external text" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Norfolk_Southern_Railway&action=edit" style="text-decoration: none; padding-right: 13px; background-image: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" base64="base64" pd94bwwgdmvyc2lvbj0ims4wiiblbmnvzgluzz0ivvrgltgipz48c3znihhtbg5zpsjodhrwoi8vd3d3lnczlm9yzy8ymdawl3n2zyigd2lkdgg9ijewiibozwlnahq9ijewij48zyb0cmfuc2zvcm09inryyw5zbgf0zsgtodi2ljqyosatnjk4ljc5mskipjxyzwn0ihdpzhropsi1ljk4miigagvpz2h0psi1ljk4miiged0iodi2ljkyosiget0inzayljmwosigzmlsbd0ii2zmziigc3ryb2tlpsijmdzjii8="PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiBlbmNvZGluZz0iVVRGLTgiPz48c3ZnIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgd2lkdGg9IjEwIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEwIj48ZyB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSgtODI2LjQyOSAtNjk4Ljc5MSkiPjxyZWN0IHdpZHRoPSI1Ljk4MiIgaGVpZ2h0PSI1Ljk4MiIgeD0iODI2LjkyOSIgeT0iNzAyLjMwOSIgZmlsbD0iI2ZmZiIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjMDZjIi8" pgc="PGc" phbhdgggzd0ittgzms4xotqgnjk4ljc5mwg1ljiznhy1ljm5mwwtms41nzegms41ndutms4zms0xljmxltiunzi1idiunzi1ltiunjg5ltiunjg5idiuoda4ltiuoda4lteumzexlteumzexeiigzmlsbd0iiza2ziivpjxwyxroigq9ik04mzuundi0idy5os43otvsljaymia0ljg4ns0xljgxny0xljgxny0yljg4msayljg4ms0xljiyoc0xljiyocayljg4ms0yljg4ms0xljg1ms0xljg1mxoiigzpbgw9iinmzmyilz48l2c="PHBhdGggZD0iTTgzMS4xOTQgNjk4Ljc5MWg1LjIzNHY1LjM5MWwtMS41NzEgMS41NDUtMS4zMS0xLjMxLTIuNzI1IDIuNzI1LTIuNjg5LTIuNjg5IDIuODA4LTIuODA4LTEuMzExLTEuMzExeiIgZmlsbD0iIzA2ZiIvPjxwYXRoIGQ9Ik04MzUuNDI0IDY5OS43OTVsLjAyMiA0Ljg4NS0xLjgxNy0xLjgxNy0yLjg4MSAyLjg4MS0xLjIyOC0xLjIyOCAyLjg4MS0yLjg4MS0xLjg1MS0xLjg1MXoiIGZpbGw9IiNmZmYiLz48L2c" pc9npjwvc3znpg="=" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-top="padding-top" px="px" important="important" padding-bottom="padding-bottom" padding-left="padding-left" background-attachment="background-attachment" initial="initial" background-color="background-color" background-size="background-size" background-origin="background-origin" background-clip="background-clip" xmlns:data="data">improve it</a> or discuss these issues on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Norfolk_Southern_Railway" title="Talk:Norfolk Southern Railway" style="text-decoration: none; padding: 0px !important; background: none !important;">talk page</a>.</th></tr><tr><td>

<table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation" style="border: none; border-collapse: collapse; width: auto; display: block; background: transparent; margin: 0px 0px 0px 1.6em !important; padding: 0px !important;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text" style=" border: none; padding: 0px !important; width: 473px; margin: 0px !important;">This article needs additional citations for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability" style="text-decoration: none; padding: 0px !important; background: none !important;">verification</a>. (December 2012)</td></tr></tbody></table>

<table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes" role="presentation" style="margin-top: -1px; border: none; border-collapse: collapse; width: auto; display: block; background: transparent; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-bottom: 0px !important; margin-left: 1.6em !important; padding: 0px !important;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text" style=" border: none; padding: 0px !important; width: 863px; margin: 0px !important;">This article includes a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources" style="text-decoration: none; padding: 0px !important; background: none !important;">list of references</a>, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources" style="text-decoration: none; padding: 0px !important; background: none !important;">inline citations</a>. (February 2013)</td></tr></tbody></table>

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<table class="infobox" cellspacing="3" style="border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border-spacing: 3px; width: 22em; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249);"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">Norfolk Southern Railway</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style=" vertical-align: top; text-align: center;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nsheadlogo.svg" class="image" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><img src="/6b4945c2-7c78-5b24-b2f4-4e82a1b3df9c.png"/></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style=" vertical-align: top; text-align: center;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Norfolk_Southern_Railway_system_map.svg" class="image" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><img src="/5fd5244a-402a-511a-8949-3159838d5978.png"/></a>

<div>NS system map; trackage rights in purple</div>

</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style=" vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reporting_mark" title="Reporting mark" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Reporting mark</a></th><td style=" vertical-align: top;">

</ul>

</div>

</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style=" vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">Locale</th><td style=" vertical-align: top;">Eastern United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style=" vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">Dates of operation</th><td style=" vertical-align: top;">1982–Present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style=" vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">Predecessor</th><td style=" vertical-align: top;">

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_and_Western_Railway" title="Norfolk and Western Railway" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Norfolk & Western Railway</a></li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Railway_(U.S.)" title="Southern Railway (U.S.)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Southern Railway</a></li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrail" title="Conrail" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Conrail</a></li>

</ul>

</div>

</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style=" vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Track_gauge" title="Track gauge" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Track gauge</a></th><td style=" vertical-align: top;">4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_gauge" title="Standard gauge" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">standard gauge</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style=" vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">Length</th><td style=" vertical-align: top;">21,500 miles (34,600 kilometres)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style=" vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">Headquarters</th><td style=" vertical-align: top;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Norfolk, Virginia" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Norfolk, Virginia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style=" vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">Website</th><td style=" vertical-align: top;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nscorp.com/nscportal/nscorp/" style="text-decoration: none; padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" base64="base64" pd94bwwgdmvyc2lvbj0ims4wiiblbmnvzgluzz0ivvrgltgipz48c3znihhtbg5zpsjodhrwoi8vd3d3lnczlm9yzy8ymdawl3n2zyigd2lkdgg9ijewiibozwlnahq9ijewij48zyb0cmfuc2zvcm09inryyw5zbgf0zsgtodi2ljqyosatnjk4ljc5mskipjxyzwn0ihdpzhropsi1ljk4miigagvpz2h0psi1ljk4miiged0iodi2ljkyosiget0inzayljmwosigzmlsbd0ii2zmziigc3ryb2tlpsijmdzjii8="PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiBlbmNvZGluZz0iVVRGLTgiPz48c3ZnIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgd2lkdGg9IjEwIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEwIj48ZyB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSgtODI2LjQyOSAtNjk4Ljc5MSkiPjxyZWN0IHdpZHRoPSI1Ljk4MiIgaGVpZ2h0PSI1Ljk4MiIgeD0iODI2LjkyOSIgeT0iNzAyLjMwOSIgZmlsbD0iI2ZmZiIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjMDZjIi8" pgc="PGc" phbhdgggzd0ittgzms4xotqgnjk4ljc5mwg1ljiznhy1ljm5mwwtms41nzegms41ndutms4zms0xljmxltiunzi1idiunzi1ltiunjg5ltiunjg5idiuoda4ltiuoda4lteumzexlteumzexeiigzmlsbd0iiza2ziivpjxwyxroigq9ik04mzuundi0idy5os43otvsljaymia0ljg4ns0xljgxny0xljgxny0yljg4msayljg4ms0xljiyoc0xljiyocayljg4ms0yljg4ms0xljg1ms0xljg1mxoiigzpbgw9iinmzmyilz48l2c="PHBhdGggZD0iTTgzMS4xOTQgNjk4Ljc5MWg1LjIzNHY1LjM5MWwtMS41NzEgMS41NDUtMS4zMS0xLjMxLTIuNzI1IDIuNzI1LTIuNjg5LTIuNjg5IDIuODA4LTIuODA4LTEuMzExLTEuMzExeiIgZmlsbD0iIzA2ZiIvPjxwYXRoIGQ9Ik04MzUuNDI0IDY5OS43OTVsLjAyMiA0Ljg4NS0xLjgxNy0xLjgxNy0yLjg4MSAyLjg4MS0xLjIyOC0xLjIyOCAyLjg4MS0yLjg4MS0xLjg1MS0xLjg1MXoiIGZpbGw9IiNmZmYiLz48L2c" pc9npjwvc3znpg="=" xmlns:data="data">nscorp.com</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

The Norfolk Southern Railway (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reporting_mark" title="Reporting mark" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">reporting mark</a> NS and others) is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_I_railroad" title="Class I railroad" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Class I railroad</a> in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">United States</a>, owned by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Corporation" title="Norfolk Southern Corporation" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Norfolk Southern Corporation</a>. With headquarters in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Norfolk, Virginia" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Norfolk, Virginia</a>, the company operates over 24,000 route miles in 22 eastern states, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/District_of_Columbia" title="District of Columbia" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">District of Columbia</a>,<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#cite_note-1" style="text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[1]</a> and has rights in Canada from Buffalo to Toronto and over the Albany to Montreal route

.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#cite_note-2" style="text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[2]</a>[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Disputed statement" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">dubious</a> – <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Norfolk_Southern_Railway#no_Canada_in_map" title="Talk:Norfolk Southern Railway" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">discuss</a>]<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#cite_note-3" style="text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[3]</a> The most common commodity hauled on the railroad is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal" title="Coal" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">coal</a> from mines in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Indiana</a>,<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Kentucky</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Pennsylvania</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Tennessee</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Virginia</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">West Virginia</a>. The railroad also offers the most extensive <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermodal_freight_transport" title="Intermodal freight transport" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">intermodal</a> network in eastern North America.

The current system was formed in 1982 with the creation of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Corporation" title="Norfolk Southern Corporation" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Norfolk Southern Corporation</a>, a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holding_company" title="Holding company" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">holding company</a>, and on December 31, 1990, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Railway_(US)" title="Southern Railway (US)" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Southern Railway</a> was renamed the Norfolk Southern Railway, and control of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_and_Western_Railway" title="Norfolk and Western Railway" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Norfolk & Western Railway</a> was transferred from the holding company to the Norfolk Southern Railway. In 1999, the system grew substantially with the acquisition of over half of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrail" title="Conrail" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Conrail</a>.

<h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border: none; display: inline; line-height: 1.3; background: none;">Contents</h2>

[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#" id="togglelink" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">hide</a>] </div>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#History" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">1 History</a>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Southern_Railway" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">1.1 Southern Railway</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Norfolk_.26_Western" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">1.2 Norfolk & Western</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#1982_merger" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">1.3 1982 merger</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Conrail" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">1.4 Conrail</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Operations" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">2 Operations</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Company_officers" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">3 Company officers</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Current_trackage" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">4 Current trackage</a>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Regional_divisions" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">4.1 Regional divisions</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Pittsburgh_Line" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">4.2 Pittsburgh Line</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Chicago_Corridor" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">4.3 Chicago Corridor</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Chicago_Bypass" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">4.4 Chicago Bypass</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Meridian_Speedway" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">4.5 Meridian Speedway</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Pan_Am_Southern.2FPatriot_Corridor" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">4.6 Pan Am Southern/Patriot Corridor</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Yards_and_facilities" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">5 Yards and facilities</a>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#General_Freight_Classification_Yards" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">5.1 General Freight Classification Yards</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Intermodal_classification_yards" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">5.2 Intermodal classification yards</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Locomotive_shops" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">5.3 Locomotive shops</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Environmental_record" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">6 Environmental record</a>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Air_quality_and_fuel_efficiency" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">6.1 Air quality and fuel efficiency</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Spillage" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">6.2 Spillage</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Locomotive_and_rolling_stock" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">7 Locomotive and rolling stock</a>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Paint_and_colors" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">7.1 Paint and colors</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Locomotives" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">7.2 Locomotives</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Heritage_fleet" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">7.3 Heritage fleet</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-26" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Steam_excursion_programs" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">7.4 Steam excursion programs</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-27" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Rolling_stock" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">7.5 Rolling stock</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-28" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Reporting_marks" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">8 Reporting marks</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-29" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Television_commercials" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">9 Television commercials</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-30" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Awards_and_recognition" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">10 Awards and recognition</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-31" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Norfolk_Southern_Corporation" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">11 Norfolk Southern Corporation</a>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-32" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Subsidiaries" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">11.1 Subsidiaries</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-34" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Improvement_projects" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">12.1 Improvement projects</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-35" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Cultural_references" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">12.2 Cultural references</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-36" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#Trade_unions" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">12.3 Trade unions</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-37" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#References" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">13 References</a>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-38" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#General_references" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">13.1 General references</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-39" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway#External_links" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">14 External links</a></li>

</ul>

</div>

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