Common Law Claim
Often considered a Tort, see Torts but specify common law tort side of the court because in practice it is on the side of civil law.
The trespass to land tort is a common law tort that occurs when an individual or the object an individual is controlling negligently or intentionally enters onto another's property without the legal right or consent to do so
A claim explains what went wrong and demands compensation from the offending party, whereas a complaint explains what went wrong and merely demands correction or apology.