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Matthew 5

SETTING:

Source: Mount of Beatitudes | Galilee | Regions | Israel | Travel-Guide | Travel

VERSES 1-2

And having seen the multitudes //Matthew 4//

he //Jesus//

Them = he had moved away from the crowds and went up on the mountain and sat down. This was not taught to the crowds. In Luke 6:20 Looking at his dsiciples he said to them...
“he went up on the mountain” are a verbatim quotation of Exodus 19 :3 Matthew seems to be pointing back to Moses, connecting Jesus as the new Moses. And the law of the Torah with the law of the new covenant.

Blog: Matthew 5:1-2 Beatitudes from Sermon on the Mount – CalltoCeaseFire

Verses 3-12 - Also in Luke 6

Happy/Blessed //Makarios// are:

Down further in this passage, Jesus refers to the least and the greatest in the reign of heavens - so this does not seem to mean the poor in spirit will reign exclusively - but that they will be a part of the reign of the heavens.
Flashback - Proverbs 29:23; Psalms 34:18; Isaiah 51:11-12; Isaiah 57:15, Proverbs 16:19,

Blog: Matthew 5:3 Humble of Spirit – CalltoCeaseFire

Flashback - Isaiah 61:2-3; Pslams 126:5-6; Isaiah 66:10; Isaiah 30:19;

Blog: Matthew 5:4 The Weeping – CalltoCeaseFire

Inherit - 1 Samuel 2:8 - sets them with princes .. throne of honor
Flashback - Psalm 37:11; Psalm 2:8; Numbers 12:3; Psalms 37:9; Psalms 37:34; Isaiah 30:15, Jeremiah 6:16

Blog: Matthew 5:5 The Resting Ones – CalltoCeaseFire

Later Jesus will say his disciples righteounsness must exceed the religious leaders of that time.
Flashback - Psalms 107:9; Isaiah 44:3; Isaiah 55:1-2

Blog: Matthew 5:6 Hunger and Thirst – CalltoCeaseFire

Flashback - Proverbs 19:17; Proverbs 11:17

Blog: Matthew 5:7 Merciful – CalltoCeaseFire

Psalm 1: Blessed is the man who walks not in the counsel of the wicked, nor stands in the way of sinners, nor sits in the seat of scoffers; but his delight is in the law of the Lord, and on his law he meditates day and night.
Psalm 199: Blessed are those whose way is blameless, who walk in the law of the Lord!
Flashback - Psalm 24:3-4; Proverbs 22:11; Psalms 73:1; 1 Chronicles 29:17; Psalms 51:6

Blog: Matthew 5:8 Pure at Heart – CalltoCeaseFire

In Hebrew, sons can include daughters, but daugters excludes sons.
You see the small acts of mercy, and you will see two people in conflict and you love them both and you will insert yourself into that conflict and reconcile them together. Trying to bring the righteousness
Reconciliation is one of the highest values of the Kingdom.
Flashback - Isaiah 27:5; Isaiah 60:17

Blog: Matthew 5:9 Peacemaker – CalltoCeaseFire

persecuted for doing the right thing. for being associated with Jesus.
2 Chronicles 36:16

Blog: Matthew 5:10-12 Persecuted for Righteousness – CalltoCeaseFire

Blog: Quick Note: Matthew 5 Beatitudes and Sermon on the Mount – CalltoCeaseFire

Verses 13-16

but

if the salt may lose savour,

in what shall it be salted?

for nothing is it good henceforth,

except to be cast without,

and to be trodden down by men

Luke 14 and Mark 9 record two other instances where Jesus referenced the same thing about loosing flavor
Literal Hebrew translation: “You are the instruction of the world, but the instruction is cut off by them who are not saved, and nothing else is fit, except to cast them to the street and to trample them.”

Blog: Matthew 5:13 Salt – CalltoCeaseFire

Blog: Please pass the salt. – CalltoCeaseFire

Blog: More on Matthew 5 Salt – CalltoCeaseFire

a city set upon a mount is not able to be hid;

nor do they light a lamp, and put it under the measure

but

on the lamp-stand //menorah//, and it shineth to all those in the house;

so let your light shine before men,

that they may see your good works,

and may glorify your Father who [is] in the heavens.

Literal Hebrew Translation: The light of the world is not able to hide the city that rests on the mountain
Isaiah 41; Isaiah 42; Isaiah 49; Isaiah 60
Acts 13; Acts 26;
Isaiah 2

SOURCE: BIBLE PROJECT - JESUS-DISCIPLES-ARE-CITY
City = group of dwellings surrounded by walls
- God’s city’s door are never closed, they are always open, the walls designed for self preservation and protection; are basically deconstructed. As that New Jeraslem city has no walls and welcomes all, we are to do.
- Isaiah 60 - light reflecting off people extention of God’s glory that brings to the nation
- Matthew made a claim about Jesus being the light and the New Jersalem in the birth story - and now Jesus is claiming that He and his new disciples are to the nations. - Matthew 2
- He was telling them the new Jersualem you are seeking is you - and he is about to tell you how to bring that to earth. And how to live without walls.

Blog: Matthew 5:14 Light of the World – CalltoCeaseFire

Verses 17-20

but

but

come to pass to come into existence, happen, appear in history, come upon the stage, be made
A paraphrased of the Hebrew version: not one word of the Torah will be diminished, every word will be performed - until the end of the world.” Source: [matthew](https://www.hebrewgospels.com/matthew)
loose = break, loosen, undo, dissolve, do away, declare unlawful, unbind, put off
Intersting to note: Jesus clarified that he was NOT abolishing law just before he made statements about the law. As if he wanted to make it clear before his statements which might give that impression.

Jeremiah 31: The Law/Torah will not be a command, it will become a natural way of living. It won’t be about striving to obey and do them anymore. Instead, it will be a draw of the heart to be like Jesus and walk in the ways of the Torah and the Prophets.

Isaiah 65 - New Heaven and New Earth

Blog: Matthew 5:17-20 Jesus – the Law and the Prophets – CalltoCeaseFire

VERSES 21-26

but //Hebrew version AND// I //Jesus said// -- I say to you //disciple//,

If, therefore //you are in danger of judgement//

thou mayest bring thy gift to the altar,

and there mayest remember that thy brother hath anything against thee,

leave there thy gift before the altar,

and go -- first be reconciled to thy brother, //Leviticus 6:4-7; Guilt Offering//

and then //after reconcilation// having come bring thy gift.

Be agreeing with thy opponent quickly, while thou art in the way with him,

that the opponent may not deliver thee to the judge,

and the judge may deliver thee to the officer,

and to prison thou mayest be cast, //Exodus 18:13-27//

verily I say //Jesus said// to thee //disciple//, thou mayest not come forth thence till that thou mayest pay the last farthing.

Murder is Command #6;
:Empty Headed: {Stupid, senseless, worthless, or inferiority, shows utter contempt for another person. Only place used in all Scripture} - Basically, this was a very strong insult at that time.
Rebel:{ :{fool, foolish, impious, dull, stupid}:, Matthew 7:26; Matthew 23:19; Matthew 25:3-8; 1 Corinthians 4:10; 2 Timothy 2:23; Titus 3:9
Farthering: a coin worth about 3/8 of a cent //Mark 12:42 (Equal to the Widow’s two mite).
Flashback - Exodus 20:13; Exodus 21:12; Leviticus 24:17; Deuteronomy 5:17; Deuteronomy 16:18

Blogs:

Matthew 5:21-22 Jesus: Murder vs Anger – CalltoCeaseFire

Matthew 5:23-26 Your Gift and Your Brother – CalltoCeaseFire

VERSES 27:32

but //Hebrew version AND// I -- I //Jesus said// say to you,

but //Hebrew version AND// I -- I //Jesus said// say to you,

Adultery is Command #7 also carried with it the idea of idolatry. Both the man and the woman would be put to death.

whoredom fornication, practice of consorting with prostitutes; habitual immorality

Steal is Command #8

“right eye” was a common Aramaic idiom about being envious or jealous. If you had a habit of being envying, cut it out, stop it.

“right hand” was a common Aramaic idom about stealing. If you have a habit of stealing, stop stealing.

Flashback - Exodus 20:14; Deuteronomy 5:18; Deuteronomy 24:1

Blog: Matthew 5:27-32 Jesus: Adultery and Desire – CalltoCeaseFire

VERSES 33-37

but //Hebrew version AND// I -- I //Jesus said// say to you,

but

Yea be yea = Repetitions
False Witness is command #9
Flashback - Isaiah 66:1; Leviticus 19:12; Numbers 30:2; Deuteronomy 23:21; Isaiah 66:1; Psalm 48:2;

Blog: Matthew 5:33-37 Jesus: Swearing and Oaths – CalltoCeaseFire

VERSES 38-42

but //Hebrew version AND// I -- I //Jesus said// say to you,

Desire/Covet - Command #10

Exodus 21:24 Eye for Eye ... tooth for tooth - if a servant was injured, they were sent away as a freeman because the eye, tooth, hand, foot was taken

Levitucus 24:20 and Deuteronomy 19:21 Whatever you do someone, they do back to you. It wasn’t about retribution, it was about keeping YOU from doing such actions.

eye for eye ... means getting revenge, or justice for something wrongfully done. An individual was not to take revenge, everything was brought to the judges and they may bring punishmnet against a guilty person.

Turn to him also the other = Aramaic idiom of the day meaning be humble, don’t start fights.

Jewish culture: striking a cheek inflicted shame on a person it was about the insult not the physical pain

go above and beyond what is asked of you

Don’t hold so tightly to things they become something you covet

Flashback - Exodus 21:24; Leviticus 24:20; Deuteronomy 19:21; Deuteronomy 15:8; Proverbs 24:29

Blog: Matthew 5:38-42 Jesus: Retaliation – CalltoCeaseFire

VERSES 43-47

but //Hebrew version AND// I -- I //Jesus said// say to you,

because

`For,

Neighbor= Exodus 20:17; Exodus 21:14-18; Exodus 22:9; Leviticus 19:13; Leviticus 20:10)
Hate thine enemies is not in the Torah - Law of Moses - most scholar’s think it was part of an oral tradition.
Commands 6-10 all have to do with how you treat others.
Flashback - Leviticus 19:18; Exodus 23:4-5; Proverbs 25:21-22; Psalms 139:21-22

VERSE 48

Flashback - Leviticus 19:2; Deuteronomy 18:13

Blog: Matthew 5:43-48 Jesus: Neighbors and Enemies – CalltoCeaseFire

Obersvation of Connections?

BeattitudeTorah/Moses and ProphetsJesus said
Poor in Spirit, lowly, humbleDo not murderDo not have unjust anger
Mourn, begging, imploringDo not commit adulteryDo not desire to idolatry
Meek, resting onesDo not stealDo whatever it takes to stop
RighteousDo not bear false witness

Divorce only for whoredom

Let your yes by yes, no be no

Merciful, kindDo not covet, eye for eyeGive freely
Pure of heart, cleanLove your neighborLove your enemy
PeacemakersSalt and LightLet good works shine before men
Persecutired

Law and Prophets

Do and teach

Be Perfect

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Screenshots: Covenant Press, LSV, n.d.

Text: YLT

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