Exodus 23
TEXT
`Thou dost not lift up a vain report;
thou dost not put thy hand with a wicked man to be a violent witness.
`Thou art not after many to evil, nor dost thou testify concerning a strife,
to turn aside after many to cause [others] to turn aside;
and a poor man thou dost not honour in his strife.
`When thou meetest thine enemy's ox or his ass going astray,
thou dost certainly turn it back to him;
when thou seest the ass of him who is hating thee crouching under its burden,
then thou hast ceased from leaving [it] to it --
thou dost certainly leave [it] with him. //Matthew 5//
“If you find your enemy’s ox or his donkey going astray, you must surely bring it back to him again. If you see the donkey of the one that hates you lying down under its burden, do not leave it. Rather, you are to release it with him. (TLV)
^6 `Thou dost not turn aside the judgment //right-ruling// of thy needy one in his strife;
^7 ^from a false matter thou dost keep far off,
and an innocent and righteous man thou dost not slay;
for I do not justify a wicked man.
^8 `And a bribe thou dost not take;
for the bribe bindeth the open-[eyed],
and perverteth the words of the righteous.
^9 `And a sojourner thou dost not oppress,
and ye -- ye have known the soul of the sojourner,
for sojourners ye have been in the land of Egypt.
^10 `And six years
thou dost sow thy land,
and hast gathered its increase;
and the seventh
thou dost release it,
and hast left it,
and the needy of thy people have eaten,
and their leaving doth the beast of the field eat;
so dost thou to thy vineyard
-- to thine olive-yard.
^12 `Six days
thou dost do thy work,
and on the seventh day
thou dost rest,
so that thine ox
and thine ass doth rest,
and the son of thine handmaid
and the sojourner is refreshed; //Sabbath//
^13 ^and in all that which I have said unto you ye do take heed; and the name of other gods ye do not mention; it is not heard on thy mouth. gods
Appearance for Three Feasts
`Three times thou dost keep a feast to Me in a year;
Feast of Unleavened Bread and Passover
The Feast of Unleavened things thou dost keep;
seven days thou dost eat unleavened things,
as I have commanded thee,
at the time appointed
[in] the month of Abib;
for in it thou hast come forth out of Egypt,
and ye do not appear [in] My presence empty;
Luke 22:15
Feast of First Fruits and Shavuot
and the Feast of Harvest,
the first fruits of thy works
which thou sowest in the field;
Festival of Ingathering
and the Feast of the In-Gathering,
in the outgoing of the year,
in thy gathering thy works out of the field.
`Three times in a year do all thy males appear before the face of the Lord Jehovah.
^18 `Thou dost not sacrifice
on a fermented thing the blood of My sacrifice,
and the fat of My festival doth not remain till morning;
^19 ^the beginning of the first-fruits of thy ground
thou dost bring into the house of Jehovah thy God;
thou dost not boil a kid in its mother's milk.
^20 `Lo, I am sending a messenger //Jesus??// //angel of the lord// before thee
to keep thee in the way,
and to bring thee in unto the place which I have prepared;
be watchful because of his presence,
and hearken to his voice,
rebel not against him,
for he beareth not with your transgression,
for My name [is] in his heart;
for, if thou diligently hearken to his voice,
and hast done all that which I speak,
then I have been at enmity with thine enemies,
and have distressed those distressing thee.
^23 `For My messenger goeth before thee,
and hath brought thee in unto
the Amorite,
and the Hittite,
and the Perizzite,
and the Canaanite,
the Hivite,
and the Jebusite,
and I have cut them off.
Acts 7:38, Acts 7:53, Galatians 3:19; Hebrews 2:2
Do Not Bow to Other Gods gods
`Thou dost not bow thyself to their gods,
- nor serve them,
- nor do according to their doings,
- but dost utterly devote them,
- and thoroughly break their standing pillars.
And ye have served Jehovah your God, and He hath blessed thy bread and thy water, and I have turned aside sickness from thine heart;
^26 ^there is not a miscarrying and barren one in thy land; the number of thy days I fulfil:
^27 ^My terror I send before thee, and I have put to death all the people among whom thou comest, and I have given the neck of all thine enemies unto thee.
^28 `And I have sent the hornet before thee, and it hath cast out the Hivite, the Canaanite, and the Hittite, from before thee;
^29 ^I cast them not out from before thee in one year, lest the land be a desolation, and the beast of the field hath multiplied against thee;
^30 ^little [by] little I cast them out from before thee, till thou art fruitful, and hast inherited the land.
^31 `And I have set thy border from the Red Sea, even unto the sea of the Philistines, and from the wilderness unto the River: for I give into your hand the inhabitants of the land, and thou hast cast them out from before thee;
^32 ^thou dost not make a covenant with them, and with their gods;
^33 ^they do not dwell in thy land, lest they cause thee to sin against Me when thou servest their gods, when it becometh a snare to thee.'
Notes
In Exodus 23 YHWH/God reminds the people about the Feast of Unleavened Bread and Passover. He again reminds them “Do not mention other gods” and ““Do not bow down to their mighty ones, nor serve them, nor do according to their works, but without fail overthrow them and without fail break down their pillars.”
NOTES:
Heiser, Michael S.. The Unseen Realm: Recovering the Supernatural Worldview of the Bible. Lexham Press. Kindle Edition.
There’s something strange about God’s description to Moses that tells us that this is no ordinary angel. This angel has the authority to pardon sins or not, a status that belongs to God. More specifically, God tells Moses that the reason this angel has this authority is “my name is in him” (v. 21).
Moses knew instantly. Anyone thinking of the burning bush account does as well. When God told Moses that his name was in this angel, he was saying that he was in this angel—his very presence or essence. The I AM of the burning bush would accompany Moses and the Israelites to the promised land and fight for them. Only he could defeat the gods of the nations and the descendants of the Nephilim whom Moses and Joshua would find there. Other passages confirm that this reading is correct. This angel is Yahweh.
Leviticus 11:45; Joshua 24:17-18
These passages interchange Yahweh, the Angel of Yahweh, and the “presence” (panim) of God as the identity of the divine deliverer of Israel from Egypt.
Angel of Yahweh, in whom was the Name, another term for the essence or presence of Yahweh (Exod 23:20–23).4 The New Testament applies that concept to Jesus in several passages. For example in John 17,