Grape Seed Extract
Uses
Atherosclerosis
Cancer prevention
High cholesterol
Wound healing
Per Sloan-Kettering Integrative Cancer
Clinical Summary
Obtained as a by-product of wine production, grape seeds are ground to produce grape seed oil. Grape seed extract is marketed as a supplement for its antioxidant properties. Animal studies suggest grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) may help minimize cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin and cyclosporine , or drug-induced nephro- and pulmonary toxicities . GSPE also inhibits atherosclerosis.
Small studies in humans suggest possible efficacy in decreasing LDL and increasing total serum antioxidant activity . One study suggested benefits and antioxidative effects with grape seed extract for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery . Conclusions from a meta-analysis indicate that grape seed extract significantly lowers systolic blood pressure and heart rate, but does not affect lipid or CRP levels .Topical application of GSPE has been shown to accelerate wound contraction and closure.
In vitro studies have shown GSPE to have anticancer effects and synergistic effects with doxorubicin . Supplementation with grape seed may be associated with decreased risk of hematologic malignancies . In prostate cancer patients, a preliminary study of a pulverized muscadine grape skin from the species Vitis rotundifolia was safe and tolerable . Additional study is underway to determine whether there is clinical benefit in this population.
However, orally administered GSPE was not effective for breast induration following radiotherapy in patients with breast cancer .
Grape seed extract should not be confused with Grapefruit seed extract (also known by the acronym GSE), which has different biological effects.
Mechanism of Action
Proanthocyanidins and minor phenolic compounds found in GSPE are also found naturally in many foods including fruits, vegetables, chocolate, and tea. People generally consume 460-1000 mg/day of these combined substances . GPSE has protective effects on doxorubin-induced cardiotoxicity . Cardioprotective effects may be due to its ability to modulate anti-apoptotic genes and modify molecular targets such as DNA damage and repair, lipid peroxidation, and intracellular calcium homeostasis.
Studies
- Grape seed extract: having a potential health benefits.
- Pharmacokinetics of resveratrol metabolic profile in healthy humans after moderate consumption of red wine and grape extract tablets.
- An evaluation of the antioxidant activity of a standardized grape seed extract, Leucoselect.
- In vivo protection of dna damage associated apoptotic and necrotic cell deaths during acetaminophen-induced nephrotoxicity, amiodarone-induced lung toxicity and doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by a novel IH636 grape seed proanthocyanidin extract.
- Oral intake of proanthocyanidin-rich grape seed extract up to 2500 mg for 4 weeks was found to be generally safe and well tolerated in humans.
- Mantonico and pecorello grape seed extracts: chemical characterization and evaluation of in vitro wound-healing and anti-inflammatory activities.
- The effect of grape-seed extract on 24 h energy intake in humans.
- Flavonoids from a grape seed extract interact with digestive secretions and intestinal cells as assessed in an *in vitro* digestion/Caco-2 cell culture model
Aging
Alzheimer's
Anti-Inflammatory
Antiviral
- Screening of natural extracts with anti-norovirus effects and analysis of this mechanism in grape seed extract.
- Grape seed proanthocyanidins inhibit replication of the dengue virus.
Arthritis
- Grape-Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract as Suppressors of Bone Destruction in Inflammatory Autoimmune Arthritis
- Grape seed procyanidins suppress the apoptosis and senescence of chondrocytes and ameliorates osteoarthritis.
Asthma
Bones
Grape seed proanthocyanidins extract promotes bone formation in rat's mandibular condyle.
Cancer
- [Molecular characterization of the grape seeds extract's effect against chemically induced liver cancer.
- Grape seed extract may exert anti-tumorigenic effects on chemo-resistant OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells.
- A phase I study of muscadine grape skin extract in men with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer: Safety, tolerability, and dose determination.
- Grape seed procyanidin extract mediates antineoplastic effects against lung cancer.
- Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised phase II trial of IH636 grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) in patients with radiation-induced breast induration]
- Grape seed proanthocyanidin suppression of breast cell carcinogenesis induced by chronic exposure to combined 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone and benzo a pyrene.
- Garlic and grape seed supplement use is inversely associated with hematological malignancies.
- Grape compounds suppress colon cancer stem cells in vitro and in a rodent model of colon carcinogenesis
- Grape Seed Extract Dose-Responsively Decreases Disease Severity in a Rat Model of Mucositis; Concomitantly Enhancing Chemotherapeutic Effectiveness in Colon Cancer Cells
- Synergistic anti-cancer effects of grape seed extract and conventional cytotoxic agent doxorubicin against human breast carcinoma cells.
- Grape seed extract upregulates p21 (Cip1) through redox-mediated activation of ERK1/2 and posttranscriptional regulation leading to cell cycle arrest in colon carcinoma HT29 cells
- Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract induces apoptosis of HL-60/ADR cells. (myeloid leukemia)
- Lipophilic grape seed proanthocyanidin exerts anti-cervical cancer effects.
- Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract inhibits DNA and protein damage and labile iron, enzyme, and cancer cell activities.
Cardiovascular
- Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract supplementation has anti-hypertrophic and hyperplasic activities in rats with established obesity.
- Effects of acute grape seed extract supplementation on hemodynamics in normal body weight and obese males.
- Grape seed polyphenols protect cardiac cells from apoptosis via induction of endogenous antioxidant enzymes.
- Catechin and proanthocyanidin B4 from grape seeds prevent doxorubicin-induced toxicity in cardiomyocytes.
- Phenolics from commercialized grape extracts prevent early atherosclerotic lesions.
- The effect of grape seed extract on cardiovascular risk markers: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
- Anticoagulant effect of polyphenols-rich extracts from black chokeberry and grape seeds.
- Study of anti-atherosclerosic effect of grape seed extract and its mechanism].
- Molecular mechanisms of cardioprotection by a novel grape seed proanthocyanidin extract.
- Grape seed and skin extract corrected most of the disturbances of high fat diet treatment.
- Effects of niacin-bound chromium and grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on the lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic subjects: a pilot study.
- Red grape seed extract may have potential beneficial effects in preventing oxidative stress and atherosclerosis in patients with mild hyperlipidemia.
- Grape seed extract reduces blood pressure, a cardiovascular risk marker.
- Grape seed extract exerted a beneficial impact on blood pressure.
- Grape seed extracts inhibit platelet aggregation by inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatase.
- Grape Seed Extract May Reduce Blood Pressure
- The effect of grape seed extract supplementation on flow-mediated dilation, blood pressure, and heart rate.
- Effect of grape seed extract on oxidative stress and pathological changes of aorta in rats with chronic periodontitis and arteriosclerosis.
- Effect of grape seed procyanidins combined with allicin on lipid levels in hyperlipidemia.
Cognitive Function
Grape seed polyphenol extract and cognitive function in healthy young adults.
Diabetes
Grape seed is used for diabetes complications such as neuropathy or retinopathy
Grape seed proanthocyanidins protect pancreatic β cells against ferroptosis.
Dyslipidemia
Effects of grape seed extract on dyslipidaemia.
Grape seed procyanidin extract can significantly reduce the expression of ASBT gene, decrease the EHCof BAs and feedback-promote synthesis of BAs in liver, and its combination with cholestyramine has complementary effects to lowering cholesterol.
Exercise
Grape seed extract may act as an ergogenic aid that can improve O2 delivery to exercising muscles.
Gastroprotective
- These results demonstrate potential preventive effects of grape-seed proanthocyanidin extract on human colon dysfunction.
- Dietary grape-seed procyanidins decreased postweaning diarrhea.
- Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract supplementation alleviates DSS-induced colitis.
- Grape seed proanthocyanidin alleviates intestinal inflammation through gut microbiota-bile acid crosstalk.
- Synergistic anti-inflammatory effects of lipophilic grape seed proanthocyanidin and camellia oil combination in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.
- Grape seed proanthocyanidin improves intestinal inflammation.
- Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract alleviates inflammation in experimental colitis.
Glucose Tolerance
Hepatoprotective
- Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation.
- Grape seed extract treatment may serve as a potential therapeutic agent in carbamazepine-induced hepatotoxicity/ dysfunction.
- Grape seed extract proanthocyanidin antagonizes aristolochic acid I-induced liver injury.
- Grape seed proanthocyanins protect fluoride-induced hepatotoxicity.
- Grape seed extract supplementation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
- Grape seed extract prevents chlorpyrifos-induced toxicity in rat liver through the modulation of phase I detoxification pathway.
High Fat Diet / Obesity
Grape seed extract had a significant preventive effect against high fat diet-induced obesity
Immune System
- This study suggests grape seed proanthocyanidin extract as a potential therapeutic agent that could help reduce lymphocyte apoptosis.
- Grape seed extract alleviates radiation-induced damages in human blood lymphocytes.
Improving wound healing
- Grape seed extract showed complete repair of wounds averagely on day 8 for the treatment group and on day 14 for the placebo group.
- Dermal wound healing properties of redox-active grape seed proanthocyanidins
Lead Toxicity
- Dietary grape seed proanthocyanidin extract may be a protector against lead-induced metabolic dysfunction and liver injury.
- Dietary grape seed proanthocyanidin extract regulates metabolic disturbance in rat liver exposed to lead associated with PPARα signaling pathway.
Lipid Metabolism
Grape seed procyanidin B2 ameliorates hepatic lipid metabolism disorders in mice.
- Lung Disorders
- Grape seed extracts may improve the quality of life of lung fibrosis patients by inhibiting MMP-9 and TGF-β1 expression in the lungs.
- Grape seed procyanidin extract mediates antineoplastic effects against lung cancer.
Multiple Sclerosis
Obesity
- Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract supplementation has anti-hypertrophic and hyperplasic activities in rats with established obesity.
- Grape seed and skin extract, a potential prebiotic with anti-obesity effect through gut microbiota modulation.
Periodontitis
- The results suggest anti-inflammatory activities of grape seed extract on periodontitis.
- Clinical efficacy of grape seed extract as an adjuvant to scaling and root planing in treatment of periodontal pockets.
Physical Exercise
Radioprotective
Renoprotective
- Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract has protective effects against cisplatin induced damage in kidney.
- Effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin B2 pretreatment on oxidative stress and renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis after renal ischemia.
Sclerosis
Sleep
Surgery
- GSE and Vitamin C had antioxidative effects and reduced deleterious effects of coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.
- Comparative effect of grape seed extract (Vitis vinifera) and ascorbic acid in oxidative stress induced by on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.
Wound Healing
Dermal wound healing properties of redox-active grape seed proanthocyanidins
Other Effects
- Renal protective effects of grape seed extract treatment against eltroxin-induced hyperthyroidism, kidney damage, and oxidative stress.
- Grape seed extract can be used as an effective and sustainable natural resource for prevention of UV-induced skin damage.
- The effects of grape seeds polyphenols on SKH-1 mice skin irradiated with multiple doses of UV-B.
- The effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract in preventing amikacin-induced nephropathy.
- Effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on side effects of high-dose methylprednisolone administration.
- Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract attenuates cigarette smoke extract-induced lung inflammation and emphysema.