Cooler Heads Coalition

=note color belowcapt bak 619pioneer? key to killing mcc-liberman?see ebell:  Cooler Heads Coalition 1997 (consortium of 23 think tanks?!)b did what exactly? buffer/front?"Its website states: "The risks of global warming are speculative; the risks of global warming policies are all too real." [2]horner=rebranded: <a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/">http://www.globalwarming.org/</a>does this min BS count as education for IRS purposes? (ebell says thy do little politics]Globalwarming.org is the blog of the Cooler Heads Coalition, an ad hoc coalition of more than two dozen free market and conservative non-profit groups in the U. S. and abroad that question global warming alarmism and oppose energy-rationing policies.  GlobalWarming.org is one of the Coalition’s principal educational outreach activities.Editor <a href="http://cei.org/expert/william-yeatman" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">William Yeatman</a> <a href="http://cei.org/expert/william-yeatman" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">View Bio</a> | <a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/author/wyeatman/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">View Posts</a>Contributors Myron Ebell <a href="http://cei.org/expert/myron-ebell" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">View Bio</a> | <a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/author/mebell/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">View Posts</a>Marlo Lewis <a href="http://cei.org/expert/marlo-lewis-jr" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">View Bio</a> | <a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/author/marlo-lewis/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">View Posts</a>Chris Horner <a href="http://cei.org/expert/christopher-c-horner" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">View Bio</a> | <a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/author/chorner/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">View Posts</a>Brian McGraw View Bio | <a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/author/brian-mcgraw/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">View Posts</a>820 sample content: d<a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/2020/02/20/does-the-safe-rule-roll-back-my-2022-2025-fuel-economy-standards/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent link to Does the SAFE Rule “Roll Back” MY 2022-2025 Fuel Economy Standards?" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">oes the SAFE Rule “Roll Back” MY 2022-2025 Fuel Economy Standards?</a><div class="post_box top post-26045 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-blog" id="post-26045" style="padding: 2.2em 0px 0px; margin: 0px 2.3em 0px 1.1em; border-style: double; border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); clear: both; border-width: 0.1em 0px 0px; border-image: initial;" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><div class="headline_area" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 2.2em;">by <a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/author/marlo-lewis/" class="url fn" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);">MARLO LEWIS</a> on <abbr class="published" title="2020-02-20" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 1em; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 1px; border-bottom: none; cursor: help; font-style: normal;">FEBRUARY 20, 2020</abbr>in <a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/category/blog/" rel="category tag" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);">BLOG</a></div><div class="format_text entry-content" style="color: rgb(7, 7, 7); padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 1.571em;">I pose this question because a recent report by the <a href="https://rhg.com/research/fuel-economy-1-5/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">Rhodium Group</a> describes the SAFE rule’s expected 1.5 percent annual increase in average fuel efficiency as a “roll back” from the 5 percent annual increase championed by the Obama administration.If by “rollback,” Rhodium simply means the SAFE rule standards are less stringent than those advocated by the Obama administration, that’s fine. But if the Obama standards for model years 2022-2025 were not lawfully finalized, then those standards are legal phantoms. That means the SAFE rule would establish first-ever greenhouse gas and fuel economy standards for MY 2022-2025 vehicles. It would not weaken, roll back, or otherwise revise “existing” MY 2022-2025 standards, since those were counterfeit.Under the October 2012 rulemaking that formalized the Obama-era fuel economy program, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) agreed to undertake a midterm evaluation (MTE), allowing the agencies to adjust their respective standards for MYs 2022-2025 in light of new information regarding technology, compliance costs, fuel prices, consumer acceptance, job impacts, and other relevant factors (<a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2012-10-15/pdf/2012-21972.pdf" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">77 FR 62628</a>).This was necessary given the 2012 rule’s “long [14-year] time frame” and NHTSA’s “statutory obligation to conduct a de novo rulemaking in order to establish final standards for MYs 2022–2025.” Moreover, in order to “align the agencies’ proceedings for MYs 2022–2025 and to maintain a joint national program,” EPA and NHTSA committed to “finalize their actions related to MYs 2022–2025 standards concurrently” (emphasis added).However, the Obama administration flouted those legal commitments soon after Election Day 2016.When EPA, NHTSA, and the California Air Resources Board (CARB) issued their <a href="https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi/P100OXEO.PDF?Dockey=P100OXEO.PDF" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">Draft Technical Assessment Report</a> for the MTE in July 2016, <a href="https://www.autonews.com/assets/PDF/CA108224128.PDF" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">EPA officials told automakers</a> it would issue a draft MTE in mid-summer 2017 and finalize the evaluation by April 1, 2018. That tallied with the official explanation and accompanying <a href="https://www.nhtsa.gov/corporate-average-fuel-economy/light-duty-cafe-midterm-evaluation" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">chart posted on NHTSA’s Web</a> site in July 2016.<img class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-26049" src="http://www.globalwarming.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/MTE-300x167.png" alt="" width="300" height="167" srcset="http://www.globalwarming.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/MTE-300x167.png 300w, http://www.globalwarming.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/MTE-768x429.png 768w, http://www.globalwarming.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/MTE-1024x572.png 1024w, http://www.globalwarming.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/MTE.png 1340w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 1.571em 1.571em 0px; float: left;" />Scrapping those plans without warning, EPA instead published its <a href="https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi?Dockey=P100Q3DO.pdf" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">proposed its final MTE</a> in the Federal Register on December 6, 2016. The comment period closed on December 30, giving the public only 24 days (including Christmas week) to comment on the 268-page proposal and 719-page technical support document (<a href="https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi?Dockey=P100Q3L4.pdf" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">TSD</a>). Despite receiving more than 100,000 comments, <a href="https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi?Dockey=P100QQ91.pdf" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">EPA finalized the MTE</a> on January 13, 2017, only two weeks after the comment period closed–and one week before Inauguration Day.There was no statutory justification for the agency’s rush to judgment, since the final determination was not due until April 1, 2018 (<a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2012-10-15/pdf/2012-21972.pdf" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">77 FR 62787</a>). This was clearly a political rulemaking undertaken to confront the incoming Trump administration with a regulatory fait accompli.In short, the Obama EPA’s portion of the final midterm evaluation of the MY 2022-2025 standards was arbitrary, capricious, and conducted in bad faith.Worse, as the <a href="https://www.autonews.com/assets/PDF/CA108224128.PDF" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">Auto Alliance explained</a> in a December 8, 2016 letter to then EPA administrator Gina McCarthy, EPA and NHTSA had not finalized their standards “concurrently,” as required by the agencies’ October 2012 joint rulemaking.Consequently, the Alliance explained, EPA’s “early action” compelled NHTSA to choose between two unacceptable options: (1) produce an independent evaluation that “may be substantially different and not at all harmonized with EPA’s determination,” or (2) “align itself with EPA’s determination regardless of the existence of facts and analyses that would suggest the need for a different outcome.” Bottom line: “Either way, the process now bears no resemblance to the coordinated effort that was envisioned in the midterm evaluation.”In a nutshell, EPA’s portion of the Mid-Term Evaluation was a “<a href="https://www.mercatus.org/tags/midnight-regulations" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">midnight regulation</a>” rush job–a Self Evaluation in which the agency graded its own handiwork and got an “A.”  NHTSA never completed its portion of the Midterm Evaluation on the Obama administration’s watch.Thus, the SAFE rule does not “rollback” the Obama administration’s MY 2022-2025 standards because those were legal phantoms. The SAFE rule will simply modify regulatory plans that were not legally executed. In so doing, it will establish MY 2022-2025 standards for the first time.Updated 5/7/2020</div></div><div class="post_box post-26040 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-blog" id="post-26040" style="padding: 2.2em 0px 0px; margin: 0px 2.3em 0px 1.1em; border-style: double; border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); clear: both; border-width: 0.1em 0px 0px; color: rgb(7, 7, 7); font-family: Georgia, " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><div class="headline_area" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 2.2em;"><h2 class="entry-title" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-weight: normal; color: rgb(17, 17, 17); line-height: 1.364em;"><a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/2019/12/20/dutch-supreme-court-upholds-climate-lawsuit/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent link to Dutch Supreme Court Upholds Climate Lawsuit" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);">Dutch Supreme Court Upholds Climate Lawsuit</a></h2>by <a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/author/marlo-lewis/" class="url fn" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);">MARLO LEWIS</a> on <abbr class="published" title="2019-12-20" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 1em; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 1px; border-bottom: none; cursor: help; font-style: normal;">DECEMBER 20, 2019</abbr>in <a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/category/blog/" rel="category tag" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);">BLOG</a></div><div class="format_text entry-content" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 1.571em;">I am posting here a rough English translation of the Dutch Supreme Court’s summary of its 20th December 2019 decision to uphold lower court rulings that the government must reduce the nation’s carbon dioxide emissions 25 percent below 1990 levels by 2020.The Summary is <a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Dutch-Supreme-Court-Rules-in-Favor-of-Urgenda-Dec.-20-2019.pdf" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">available here</a>.</div></div><div class="post_box post-26023 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-blog" id="post-26023" style="padding: 2.2em 0px 0px; margin: 0px 2.3em 0px 1.1em; border-style: double; border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); clear: both; border-width: 0.1em 0px 0px; color: rgb(7, 7, 7); font-family: Georgia, " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><div class="headline_area" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 2.2em;"><h2 class="entry-title" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-weight: normal; color: rgb(17, 17, 17); line-height: 1.364em;"><a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/2019/09/18/u-s-national-climate-assessment-posting-a-chart-from-hsiang-et-al-2017/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent link to U.S. National Climate Assessment: Posting a Chart from Hsiang et al. 2017" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; color: rgb(17, 17, 17);">U.S. National Climate Assessment: Posting a Chart from Hsiang et al. 2017</a></h2>by <a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/author/marlo-lewis/" class="url fn" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);">MARLO LEWIS</a> on <abbr class="published" title="2019-09-18" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 1em; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 1px; border-bottom: none; cursor: help; font-style: normal;">SEPTEMBER 18, 2019</abbr>in <a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/category/blog/" rel="category tag" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);">BLOG</a></div><div class="format_text entry-content" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 1.571em;">As reported in the <a href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/explainer-the-high-emissions-rcp8-5-global-warming-scenario" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">Washington Post</a> and <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/23/climate/us-climate-report.html" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">New York Times</a>, <a href="https://nca2018.globalchange.gov/chapter/29/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(63, 96, 133);">Chapter 29</a> of Vol. 2 of the 4th U.S. National Climate Assessment claims that unchecked warming could raise global temperatures 8°C by century’s end, which in turn would reduce U.S. GDP by 10 percent....</div></div><a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=93">https://exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=93</a>really oldh<a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none;">ttp://www.globalwarming.org/</a>Cooler Heads Coalition 1001 Connecticut Ave., NW, #1250 Washington, DC 20036
Phone: (202) 331-1010
The Coalition is a sub-group of the National Consumer Coalition formed "to dispel the myths of global warming by exposing flawed economic, scientific and risk analysis."

Formed in 1997, the Coalition and its website were revised in April 2004. It is currently hosted and financed by Consumer Alert, member and organizer of the National Consumer Coalition. The Coalition publishes the bi-weekly "Cooler Heads Newsletter" in conjunction with the Competitive Enterprise Institute. Current members are: 60 Plus Association, The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition (junkscience.com), Alexis de Tocqueville Institution, Americans for Tax Reform, Association of Concerned Taxpayers, Atlas Economic Research Foundation, Capital Research Center, Citizens Against Government Waste, Citizens for a Sound Economy, Committee For A Constructive Tomorrow, Competitive Enterprise Institute, Consumer Alert, Defenders of Property Rights, Foundation for American Liberty, Frontiers of Freedom, Fund for a New Generation, The Heartland Institute, National Center for Policy Analysis, National Center for Public Policy Research, Political Economy Research Center, Public Interest Institute, Small Business Survival Committee, United Seniors Association, and Women for Tax Reform.

<h3 style="padding: 10px; margin: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204);">KEY DEEDS</h3>14 May, 2002
Held a briefing at the National Press Club, in conjunction with Frontiers of Freedom and the Science and Environmental Policy Project, entitled "Experts Discuss Why U.S. Should Withdraw From Kyoto Treaty".
Source: <a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=93#src1" style="text-decoration-line: none;">"Experts Discuss Why U.S. Should Withdraw From Kyoto Treaty," U.S. Newswire 5/14/02</a>

3 May, 2004
Held a congressional and media briefing entitled "Impacts of Global Warming: Why the Alarmist View is Wrong". Speakers presented arguments against claims that global warming will cause increases in extreme weather events, sea level rise, vector-borne diseases, and species extinction.
Source: <a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=93#src3" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Cooler Heads Coalition website 5/04</a>

<h3 style="padding: 10px; margin: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204);">KEY PEOPLE</h3><a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=280" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Myron Ebell</a>
Chairman
Source: <a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=93#src0" style="text-decoration-line: none;">CEI website, 3/04</a>

<a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=358" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Paul Georgia</a>
former Editor, "Cooler Heads" Newsletter
Source: <a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=93#src0" style="text-decoration-line: none;">CEI website, 3/04</a>

<a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=338" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Marlo Lewis Jr.</a>
former Chairman
Source: <a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=93#src2" style="text-decoration-line: none;">P.R. Watch's Disinfopedia</a>

<a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=290" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Frances Smith</a> [mrs fred cei ceo]
Coordinator, National Consumer Coalition
Source: <a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=93#src3" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Cooler Heads Coalition website 5/04</a>

<a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=4" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Patrick J. Michaels</a>
Speaker
Source: <a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=93#src3" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Cooler Heads Coalition website 5/04</a>

<h3 style="padding: 10px; margin: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204);">PEOPLE</h3><a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=1114" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Nils-Axel Morner</a>
Speaker
Source: <a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=93#src3" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Cooler Heads Coalition website 5/04</a>

<a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=1115" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Madhav Khandekar</a>
Speaker
Source: <a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=93#src3" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Cooler Heads Coalition website 5/04</a>

<a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=421" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Paul Reiter</a>
Speaker
Source: <a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=93#src3" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Cooler Heads Coalition website 5/04</a>

<a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=281" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Christopher C. Horner</a>
Counsel
Source: <a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=93#src4" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Capitalism Magazine</a>

<a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=860" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Willie Soon</a>
Former Keynote Speaker
Source: <a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=93#src5" style="text-decoration-line: none;">CEI Advertisement</a>

<h3 style="padding: 10px; margin: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204);">SOURCES</h3><a name="src" style="" /><a name="src0" style="">CEI website, 3/04
</a><a href="http://www.cei.org/" style="text-decoration-line: none;">http://www.cei.org</a>

<a name="src1" style="">"Experts Discuss Why U.S. Should Withdraw From Kyoto Treaty," U.S. Newswire 5/14/02
</a><a href="http://www.usnewswire.com/topnews/first/0514-108.html" style="text-decoration-line: none;">http://www.usnewswire.com/topnews/first/0514-108.html</a>

<a name="src2" style="">P.R. Watch's Disinfopedia
"a collaborative project to produce a directory of public relations firms, think tanks, industry-funded organizations and industry-friendly experts that work to influence public opinion and public policy on behalf of corporations, governments and special interests." Run by P.R. Watch (John Stauber and Sheldon Rampton).
</a><a href="http://www.disinfopedia.org/wiki.phtml?title=Disinfopedia" style="text-decoration-line: none;">http://www.disinfopedia.org/wiki.phtml?title=Disinfopedia</a>

<a name="src3" style="">Cooler Heads Coalition website 5/04
</a><a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/" style="text-decoration-line: none;">http://www.globalwarming.org</a>

<a name="src4" style="">Capitalism Magazine
</a><a href="http://www.capmag.com/author.asp?name=229" style="text-decoration-line: none;">http://www.capmag.com/author.asp?name=229</a>

<a name="src5" style="">CEI Advertisement
</a><a href="http://www.cei.org/gencon/028,03472.cfm" style="text-decoration-line: none;">http://www.cei.org/gencon/028,03472.cfm</a>wiki 820<div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="direction: ltr;"><div class="mw-parser-output" style="">The Cooler Heads Coalition is a politically conservative<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_note-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[1]</a> "informal and ad-hoc group" in the United States, financed and operated by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competitive_Enterprise_Institute" title="Competitive Enterprise Institute" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Competitive Enterprise Institute</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_note-:0-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[2]</a> The group, which rejects <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_opinion_on_climate_change" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientific opinion on climate change" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">climate science</a>, is known to promote falsehoods about climate change and has been characterized as a leader in efforts to stop the government from addressing climate change.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_note-:1-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_note-:2-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a><div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading" style="background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 7px; display: table;"><ul style="list-style-image: none; margin: 0.3em 0px; padding: 0px; list-style-type: none;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#Operation" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">1Operation</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#Reception" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2Reception</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#Membership" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">3Membership</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#See_also" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">4See also</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#References" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">5References</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#External_links" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">6External links</a></li></ul></div><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">Operation[</h2>The Coalition operates a website and blog, and publishes the e-newsletter Cooler Heads Digest (last issued in 2012). It was founded by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_Alert" title="Consumer Alert" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Consumer Alert</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_note-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[5]</a>The Washington Post described the group as "in the vanguard of efforts to cast doubt on the gravity of climate change and thwart government efforts to address it."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_note-:1-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The New Yorker</a> has described the Cooler Heads Coalition as "an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbrella_organization" title="Umbrella organization" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">umbrella organization</a> operated by the Competitive Enterprise Institute, a nonprofit that prides itself on its opposition to environmentalists."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_note-:2-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a> In the 2011 Oxford Handbook of Climate Change and Society, the Cooler Heads Coalition was listed as one of the "front groups" that form “key components of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_denial" title="Climate change denial" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">climate change denial</a> machine”.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_note-:3-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[6]</a> According to the Intercept, Myron Ebell, the head of the Cooler Heads Coalition "has spent most of his career tossing out industry-funded nonsense bombs about climate change."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_note-7" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[7]</a>The Cooler Heads Coalition describes itself as "focused on dispelling the myths of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming" title="Global warming" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">global warming</a> by exposing flawed economic, scientific, and risk analysis".<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_note-:0-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[2]</a><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">Reception[</h2>According to the Washington Post, the group was for "long dismissed as cranks by mainstream scientists and politicians in both parties" until the group was embraced by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Donald Trump</a>'s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump_presidential_campaign,2016" class="mw-redirect" title="Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">2016 presidential campaign</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_note-:1-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a>The Cooler Heads Coalition has been criticized for ties to energy industries that would be affected if the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">United States</a> enacted any legislation targeted at reducing <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_emissions" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon emissions" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">CO2 emissions</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_note-8" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[8]</a> The Coalition has been accused by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_Jones(magazine)" title="Mother Jones (magazine)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Mother Jones</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astroturfing" title="Astroturfing" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">astroturfing</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_note-9" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[9]</a> Writing in October 2004 for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_American_Prospect" title="The American Prospect" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The American Prospect</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Confessore" title="Nicholas Confessore" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Nicholas Confessore</a> described the Coalition as "an Astroturf group funded by industries opposed to regulation of CO
2 emissions".<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_note-10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[10]</a><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">Membership[</h2>Notable members of the Coalition have included:<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_note-11" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[11]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_note-12" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[12]</a><ul style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); list-style-image: url("");" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" em="em" px="px" padding="padding"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/60_Plus_Association" title="60 Plus Association" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">60 Plus Association</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexis_de_Tocqueville_Institution" title="Alexis de Tocqueville Institution" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Alexis de Tocqueville Institution</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americans_for_Prosperity" title="Americans for Prosperity" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Americans for Prosperity</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americans_for_Tax_Reform" title="Americans for Tax Reform" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Americans for Tax Reform</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Legislative_Exchange_Council" title="American Legislative Exchange Council" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American Legislative Exchange Council</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Committee_for_a_Constructive_Tomorrow" title="Committee for a Constructive Tomorrow" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Committee for a Constructive Tomorrow</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competitive_Enterprise_Institute" title="Competitive Enterprise Institute" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Competitive Enterprise Institute</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraser_Institute" title="Fraser Institute" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Fraser Institute</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreedomWorks" title="FreedomWorks" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">FreedomWorks</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_C.Marshall_Institute" title="George C. Marshall Institute" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">George C. Marshall Institute</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Heartland_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="The Heartland Institute" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The Heartland Institute</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_Institute" title="Independent Institute" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Independent Institute</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istituto_Bruno_Leoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Istituto Bruno Leoni" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Istituto Bruno Leoni</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven_Milloy" title="Steven Milloy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">JunkScience.com</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavoisier_Group" title="Lavoisier Group" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Lavoisier Group</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberty_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberty Institute" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Liberty Institute</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Policy_Analysis" title="National Center for Policy Analysis" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">National Center for Policy Analysis</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Public_Policy_Research" title="National Center for Public Policy Research" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">National Center for Public Policy Research</a></li></ul><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">See also[</h2><ul style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); list-style-image: url("");" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" em="em" px="px" padding="padding"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_in_the_United_States" title="Climate change in the United States" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Climate change in the United States</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_denial" title="Climate change denial" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Climate change denial</a></li></ul><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">References[</h2><div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"><ol class="references" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 3.2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-parent 0 list-item 0; list-style-type: inherit;"><li id="cite_note-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_ref-1" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFQuirk2012" class="citation news cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Quirk, Trevor (2012-02-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2012/0216/Explainer-What-is-the-Heartland-Institute" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Explainer: What is the Heartland Institute?"</a>. Christian Science Monitor. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0882-7729" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">0882-7729</a>. Retrieved 2015-10-11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Christian+Science+Monitor&rft.atitle=Explainer%3A+What+is+the+Heartland+Institute%3F&rft.date=2012-02-16&rft.issn=0882-7729&rft.aulast=Quirk&rft.aufirst=Trevor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2FScience%2F2012%2F0216%2FExplainer-What-is-the-Heartland-Institute&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACooler+Heads+Coalition" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-:0-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_ref-:0_2-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_ref-:0_2-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">b</a> <cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalwarming.org/about/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"About"</a>. www.globalwarming.org. Retrieved 2015-10-11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.globalwarming.org&rft.atitle=About&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalwarming.org%2Fabout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACooler+Heads+Coalition" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-:1-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_ref-:1_3-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_ref-:1_3-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">b</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_ref-:1_3-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">c</a> <cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/a-two-decade-crusade-by-conservative-charities-fueled-trumps-exit-from-paris-climate-accord/2017/09/05/fcb8d9fe-6726-11e7-9928-22d00a47778f_story.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"A two-decade crusade by conservative charities fueled Trump's exit from Paris climate accord"</a>. Washington Post. Retrieved 2017-09-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=A+two-decade+crusade+by+conservative+charities+fueled+Trump%E2%80%99s+exit+from+Paris+climate+accord&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Finvestigations%2Fa-two-decade-crusade-by-conservative-charities-fueled-trumps-exit-from-paris-climate-accord%2F2017%2F09%2F05%2Ffcb8d9fe-6726-11e7-9928-22d00a47778f_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACooler+Heads+Coalition" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-:2-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_ref-:2_4-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_ref-:2_4-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">b</a> <cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newyorker.com/tech/elements/playing-climate-change-telephone" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Playing Climate-Change Telephone"</a>. The New Yorker. 2014-04-29. Retrieved 2015-10-11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=Playing+Climate-Change+Telephone&rft.date=2014-04-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Ftech%2Felements%2Fplaying-climate-change-telephone&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACooler+Heads+Coalition" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_ref-5" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" overflow-wrap="overflow-wrap" break-word="break-word">http://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition</a></li><li id="cite_note-:3-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_ref-:3_6-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFRevkin2011" class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Revkin, Andrew C. (2011-10-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/10/02/a-map-of-organized-climate-change-denial/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"A Map of Organized Climate Change Denial"</a>. Dot Earth Blog. The New York Times. Retrieved 2015-10-11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dot+Earth+Blog&rft.atitle=A+Map+of+Organized+Climate+Change+Denial&rft.date=2011-10-02&rft.aulast=Revkin&rft.aufirst=Andrew+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdotearth.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F10%2F02%2Fa-map-of-organized-climate-change-denial%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACooler+Heads+Coalition" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_ref-7" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFLerner2016" class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Lerner, Sharon (2016-11-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theintercept.com/2016/11/14/slashed-budgets-and-toxic-chemicals-planning-for-environmental-carnage-under-donald-trumps-epa/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Slashed Budgets and Toxic Chemicals: Planning for Environmental Carnage Under Donald Trump's EPA"</a>. The Intercept. Retrieved 2018-05-09.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Intercept&rft.atitle=Slashed+Budgets+and+Toxic+Chemicals%3A+Planning+for+Environmental+Carnage+Under+Donald+Trump%E2%80%99s+EPA&rft.date=2016-11-14&rft.aulast=Lerner&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheintercept.com%2F2016%2F11%2F14%2Fslashed-budgets-and-toxic-chemicals-planning-for-environmental-carnage-under-donald-trumps-epa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACooler+Heads+Coalition" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_ref-8" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }David Adam, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/climatechange/story/0,12374,1661741,00.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Oil industry targets EU climate policy"</a> The Guardian, December 2005.</li><li id="cite_note-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_ref-9" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.motherjones.com/news/feature/1997/12/gw_chart.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Wingnuts in Sheep's Clothing"</a> , <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_Jones(magazine)" title="Mother Jones (magazine)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Mother Jones</a>, December 1997</li><li id="cite_note-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_ref-10" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060614043305/http://www.prospect.org/archives/archives/2004/10/index.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Tapped"</a>, American Prospect Online, October 19, 2004, at archive.org</li><li id="cite_note-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_ref-11" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalwarming.org/about" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"About"</a>. www.globalwarming.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.globalwarming.org&rft.atitle=About&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalwarming.org%2Fabout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACooler+Heads+Coalition" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooler_Heads_Coalition#cite_ref-12" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040616132324/http://www.consumeralert.org/ncc/members.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Note: the list of members as of June 2004, as recorded at archive.org</a></li></ol></div><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">External links[</h2><ul style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); list-style-image: url("");" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" em="em" px="px" padding="padding"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalwarming.org/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">GlobalWarming.org</a></li></ul></div></div><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); padding: 5px; margin-top: 1em; clear: both;"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Categories</a>: <ul style="list-style: none none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline;"><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 0px; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0.25em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Climate_change_organizations_based_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Climate change organizations based in the United States" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Climate change organizations based in the United States</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Climate_change_denial" title="Category:Climate change denial" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Climate change denial</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Organizations_of_environmentalism_skeptics_and_critics" title="Category:Organizations of environmentalism skeptics and critics" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Organizations of environmentalism skeptics and critics</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Organizations_established_in_1997" title="Category:Organizations established in 1997" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Organizations established in 1997</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Organizations_disestablished_in_2006" title="Category:Organizations disestablished in 2006" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Organizations disestablished in 2006</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Political_organizations_based_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Political organizations based in the United States" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Political organizations based in the United States</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Conservative_organizations_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Conservative organizations in the United States" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Conservative organizations in the United States</a></li></ul></div></div>desmogDecember 12, 2016Steve Milloy was an attendee at a private meeting also attended by Trump's EPA Transition team lead <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/myron-ebell" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Myron Ebell</a> on Capitol Hill. E&E News reported that the event was not open to the public or to the press and Ebell refused to give any details. The event was hosted by the <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/competitive-enterprise-institute" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Competitive Enterprise Institute (CEI) </a>and held in the hearing room of the Senate Environment and Public Works (EPW) Committee. The EPW committee is chaired by Senator<a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/james-inhofe" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;"> James Inhofe</a> who, like Trump, has described human-caused climate change as a hoax. <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/steve-milloy#s41" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">[41]</a><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/2016/12/13/exclusive-myron-ebell-donald-trump-s-aide-epa-meets-who-s-who-long-serving-climate-science-deniers" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">DeSmog reported </a>that the event featured the “<a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/2016/12/13/exclusive-myron-ebell-donald-trump-s-aide-epa-meets-who-s-who-long-serving-climate-science-deniers" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Who's Who of Climate Science Deniers</a>.” Australian Senator <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/malcolm-roberts" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Malcolm Roberts</a>, who spoke at the event, also wrote that the meeting was a gathering of the <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Cooler Heads Coalition</a> and <a href="https://www.facebook.com/malcolmrobertsonenation/posts/984456478364899" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">listed some of the participants on Facebook</a>: <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/steve-milloy#s42" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">[42]</a>, <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/steve-milloy#s43" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">[43]</a>Names mentioned above included:<ul style="margin: 1.5em 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/steven-goddard" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Tony Heller</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/timothy-f-ball-tim-ball" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Tim Ball</a></li><li style=""><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/s-fred-singer" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Fred Singer</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/ken-haapala" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Ken Haapala</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/craig-rucker" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Craig Rucker</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Randy Randall</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/steve-milloy" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Steve Milloy</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/marc-morano" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Marc Morano</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/james-delingpole" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">James Delingpole</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/chris-horner" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Chris Horner</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/myron-ebell" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Myron Ebell</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Tom de Weise</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/james-taylor" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">James Taylor</a></li><li style=""><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/patrick-michaels" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Pat Michaels</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Austin Smithson</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Brandon Middleton</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/marlo-lewis-jr" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Marlo Lewis</a></li></ul>DeSmog also noted that three of the attendees—Myron Ebell, Randy Randol, and Steve Milloy—had all been part of the<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Global_Climate_Science_Communications_Plan(1998)" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;"> Global Climate Science Communications Team in the late 1990s</a>, a group organized by the American Petroleum Institute. According to an <a href="https://insideclimatenews.org/sites/default/files/documents/Global%20Climate%20Science%20Communications%20Plan%20(1998).pdf" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">early memo</a>, the group said “victory will be achieved when […] Average citizens 'understand' (recognize) uncertainties in climate science; recognition of uncertainties becomes part of the 'conventional wisdom'.” <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/steve-milloy#s44" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">[44]</a><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/environment/2019/06/huffpost-just-published-a-bombshell-story-about-the-epa/">https://www.motherjones.com/environment/2019/06/huffpost-just-published-a-bombshell-story-about-the-epa/</a><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="1" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">A top <a href="https://www.huffpost.com/impact/topic/epa" target="blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-ylk="subsec:paragraph;cpos:1;elm:context_link;itc:0" data-rapid-parsed="slk" data-rapid_p="1" data-v9y="1" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url(" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">Environmental Protection Agency</a> official gave a presentation last year at a gathering of some of the most zealous deniers of climate science, highlighting the influence a small, fringe movement hawking crank theories now wields in Washington.  </div><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="2" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="box-sizing: inherit;">Emails HuffPost reviewed reveal Bill Wehrum, the EPA’s assistant administrator for air and radiation, gave a presentation in early February 2018 at an event organized by the Cooler Heads Coalition, an umbrella group of tax-exempt charities and right-wing nonprofits that includes some of the most ardent proponents of climate change denial.<div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="3" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="box-sizing: inherit;">Three other EPA officials―associate administrator Tate Bennett, senior counsel David Harlow and then-spokeswoman Liz Bowman―attended the confab with Wehrum, the emails show.</div><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="4" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit;">In an email dated Feb. 6, 2018, Myron Ebell, who has led the Cooler Heads Coalition for more than two decades, offered gratitude for the EPA officials’ attendance at the previous day’s event, and invited the group to the next meeting a month later.   </div><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="5" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit;">“Thanks Bill, David, Liz, and Tate, for coming to Cooler Heads and for your presentation and taking questions, Bill. It was most useful,” Ebell, who led the Trump administration’s EPA transition team, wrote. “We look forward to seeing any or all of you at future meetings.”</div><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="6" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit;">The EPA declined to comment on the nature of Wehrum’s presentation and whether any officials attended other events with the Cooler Heads Coalition.</div><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="7" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit;">“EPA takes time to meet with stakeholders on a variety of regulatory issues, this is no different,” said EPA spokesman Michael Abboud.</div><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="8" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit;">Ebell did not respond to calls and text messages requesting comment.</div><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="9" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="box-sizing: inherit;">The revelation is not surprising from an administration that’s attempting to eliminate or delay, by <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/climate/trump-environment-rollbacks.html" target="blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-ylk="subsec:paragraph;cpos:9;elm:context_link;itc:0" data-rapid-parsed="slk" data-rapid_p="4" data-v9y="1" style="box-sizing: inherit; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">The New York Times</a>’ estimate, at least 83 environmental regulations, particularly rules to curb climate pollution. The EPA is expected to announce a proposal next week to replace Obama-era power plants rules with a regulation that would, by the agency’s own estimates, allow for enough pollution to cause up to <a href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/epa-climate-rule-power-plant-pollution_n_5b75914ce4b02b415d765571" target="blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-ylk="subsec:paragraph;cpos:9;elm:context_link;itc:0" data-rapid-parsed="slk" data-rapid_p="5" data-v9y="1" style="box-sizing: inherit; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">additional 1,400 premature</a> deaths per year by 2030. <div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="10" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit;">“The fact that Bill went to talk to a group like this is the cherry on top of a toxic sundae,” Joseph Goffman, a former senior counsel and associate administrator for climate who served in the Obama-era EPA, said by phone. “It’s the toxicity of the sundae that’s really going to have the damaging impact on people’s lives.”</div><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="11" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit;">But the emails show the degree to which top officials at the nation’s leading public health agency have cultivated chummy ties with “fringe conspiracy theorists,” the Sierra Club, which released the records obtained through a Freedom of Information Act request, said in a statement, calling the relationship “despicable.” </div><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="12" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="box-sizing: inherit;">“It removes any illusion that the EPA is acting in good faith to ensure the public trust,” said Robert Brulle, an environmental sociologist at Drexel University. <div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="13" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="box-sizing: inherit;">The Cooler Heads Coalition formed in the late 1990s as mounting evidence of global warming began to fracture the industrial alliance that mobilized a decade earlier to downplay the threat of unfettered greenhouse gas emissions. A year before its merger with oil giant Mobil, Exxon gave $95,000 to the Competitive Enterprise Institute, the right-wing think tank where Ebell works, in a grant titled “Global Climate Change Program and other support,” according to <a href="https://climateinvestigations.org/climate-deniers/cooler-heads-coalition/" data-ylk="subsec:paragraph;cpos:13;elm:context_link;itc:0" data-rapid-parsed="slk" data-rapid_p="6" data-v9y="1" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">documents published</a> by the Climate Investigations Center.</div><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="14" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="box-sizing: inherit;">Yet as the oil industry started distancing itself from widely debunked scientific contrarians, far-right philanthropists and dark-money groups stepped in to fund the Cooler Heads Coalition’s members. The financiers include the Donors Trust, Donors Capital Fund, and the foundations of the oil industrialist Scaife family, the manufacturing scion Bradley family and the Mercers, the Long Island hedge funders who backed President Donald Trump’s 2016 campaign.</div><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="15" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit;">That marked a shift from climate denial as a practical means of protecting carbon-polluting industries toward a new ideological fervor, enshrining opposition to climate science as a key part of anti-government dogma, said Riley Dunlap, a researcher and professor emeritus at Oklahoma State University who tracks climate denial groups.</div><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="16" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit;">“The Cooler Heads Coalition grew out of the frustration that industry was no longer opposing climate change as much as they thought,” Dunlap said. It’s “really a radical group of climate change deniers.”</div><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="17" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit;">The realities of climate change were clear to scientists even before rising seas started to inundate coastal cities like Miami on sunny days and extreme hurricanes and wildfires devastated Puerto Rico, California and Texas in recent years. At least 97% of peer-reviewed research concludes that emissions from burning fossil fuels, industrial farming and deforestation blanket the planet in gases that trap the sun’s heat in the atmosphere. A <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00704-015-1597-5" rel="nofollow" data-ylk="subsec:paragraph;cpos:17;elm:context_link;itc:0" data-rapid-parsed="slk" data-rapid_p="7" data-v9y="1" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url(" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">2015 paper</a>, meanwhile, found significant flaws in the methodologies, assumptions and analyses used by the 3% of scientists who concluded otherwise.  </div><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="18" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit;">At 70%, the vast majority of Americans understand climate change is happening, and 57% recognize humans are the primary driver, according to <a href="https://climatecommunication.yale.edu/visualizations-data/ycom-us-2018/?est=happening&type=value&geo=county" data-ylk="subsec:paragraph;cpos:18;elm:context_link;itc:0" data-rapid-parsed="slk" data-rapid_p="8" data-v9y="1" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url(" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">polling data</a> from the Yale Program on Climate Change Communication. In October, the United Nations released a dire report warning that, unless world governments slash emissions by nearly half over the next decade, the planet is projected to warm beyond 1.5 degrees Celsius, or 2.3 degrees Fahrenheit, causing about $54 trillion in damages and killing millions. A month later, the National Climate Assessment, a congressionally mandated report by scientists at 13 federal agencies, confirmed the findings.<div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="19" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="box-sizing: inherit;">That’s done little to sway Wehrum.</div><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="20" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="box-sizing: inherit;">In January, he said he was still on the fence about climate change, telling <a href="https://www.eenews.net/greenwire/stories/1060118745" data-ylk="subsec:paragraph;cpos:20;elm:context_link;itc:0" data-rapid-parsed="slk" data-rapid_p="9" data-v9y="1" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url(" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">E&E News</a>, “I’m trying to figure that out.”  </div><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="21" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="box-sizing: inherit;">“I’ve had a series of briefings with climate change experts to help me better understand this,” Wehrum told <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-epa-climate/u-s-epa-senior-official-falls-short-of-calling-climate-change-a-crisis-idUSKCN1PJ2FQ" data-ylk="subsec:paragraph;cpos:21;elm:context_link;itc:0" data-rapid-parsed="slk" data-rapid_p="10" data-v9y="1" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url(" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">Reuters</a> that same month. “Everybody is still exploring the science of climate change.”</div><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="22" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="box-sizing: inherit;">A former corporate lawyer who lobbied on behalf of clients to weaken air pollution rules, Wehrum has <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/19/us/politics/epa-coal-emissions-standards-william-wehrum.html" data-ylk="subsec:paragraph;cpos:22;elm:context_link;itc:0" data-rapid-parsed="slk" data-rapid_p="11" data-v9y="1" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url(" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">ramped up those efforts</a> since joining the EPA, becoming a chief architect of the Trump administration’s deregulatory agenda. He remains in close touch with his former law firm, according to <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2019/02/13/epa-official-bill-wehrum-stayed-close-touch-with-his-former-law-firm-new-emails-show/?utm_term=.679186e147ee" data-ylk="subsec:paragraph;cpos:22;elm:context_link;itc:0" data-rapid-parsed="slk" data-rapid_p="12" data-v9y="1" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url(" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">The Washington Post</a>.</div><div class="content-list-component yr-content-list-text text" data-rapid-cpos="23" data-rapid-subsec="paragraph" data-rapid-parsed="subsec" style="box-sizing: inherit;">“It’s not surprising that Wherum would have been featured at a Cooler Heads Coalition event,” Kert Davies, director of Climate Investigations Center, said by email. “He fits right in with the roster of climate deniers and other charlatans that Cooler Heads has hosted at events over the past two decades.”</div></div></div></div></div>mccain obit:Kert Davies, originally published on <a href="http://climateinvestigations.org/covert-attack-john-mccain-climate-change-exxonmobil-koch-brothers/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">ClimateInvestigations.org</a> 
 <a href="https://insideclimatenews.org/news/26082018/john-mccain-climate-change-leadership-senate-cap-trade-bipartisan-lieberman-republican-campaign" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">InsideClimate News</a>’  Marianne Lavelle published a long piece this weekend, chronicling Senator John McCain’s rise and fall as a climate leader.  The story highlights a campaign I worked on in 2000, where we asked all the presidential candidates the simple and still pertinent question, “What’s Your Plan?” on global warming.McCain was one of the only candidates that took it on. He went back to Washington in the middle of 2000, having been defeated by George W. Bush in the primaries, and immediately started holding hearings on climate change science.As always, there is more to the story.  When McCain emerged as <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040402004205/http://www.nrdc.org/onearth/04spr/mccain1.asp" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">“Captain Climate” </a>in the early 2000s, and introduced the first serious bipartisan legislation to cut emissions, he became the target of a multifaceted attack by anti-regulatory free market organizations.  It turns out, many of these organizations and front groups were quietly being funded by ExxonMobil and the Koch brothers.This pressure may partly explain why McCain <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/10/11/as-the-world-burns" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">later abandoned climate change</a> when he ran for President in 2008 and <a href="https://www.politico.com/story/2009/11/mccain-slams-horrendous-climate-bill-029747" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">attacked his colleagues’ efforts</a> during the 2009 push for climate legislation.  By that point McCain had succumbed to the now standard Republican talking points on climate.  Oh, and lest we forget, he also picked Sarah Palin as a running mate and starting down the “<a href="http://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/90075-mccain-palin-revive-drill-baby-drill-slogan-from-08-campaign" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Drill, Baby, Drill</a>” path (the opposite of sane climate policy) and the rest is history.  No one has really explained how this turn away from climate leadership really happened. Most commentators attribute it to political choices McCain himself made, without really analyzing the outside pressure that closed in on McCain from 2000 to 2008.  <a href="https://insideclimatenews.org/news/26082018/john-mccain-climate-change-leadership-senate-cap-trade-bipartisan-lieberman-republican-campaign" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">InsideClimate News</a> notes briefly that there was a coordinated effort to oppose McCain’s efforts run by corporate-funded entities.  Climate Investigations Center went back and looked at our records for documentation of the campaign to the kill the <a href="https://www.mccain.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2001/8/post-4be0be1b-0295-42bf-a9e8-f0ed44f1a8aa" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; outline: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">McCain-Lieberman climate legislation</a> as it gained momentum. First introduced in 2001 by the two Senators, The Climate Stewardship Act (S.139) was the first national, bipartisan legislation aimed at reducing greenhouse gas pollution. This bill eventually became the ground-zero target for climate deniers and corporate interests.Unfortunately, a month after the first McCain-Lieberman bill was introduced, the attacks on September 11th changed everything. <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/nation/specials/attacked/transcripts/nbctext_102101.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">McCain and Lieberman</a>, a neo-con Democrat at the time, <a href="https://thinkprogress.org/on-morning-of-9-11-attacks-mccain-immediately-began-making-the-case-for-iraq-war-4042b28b5f9b/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">were among the first to lead</a> the charge to war in Iraq and Afghanistan, well ahead of the Bush Administration according to many accounts from that time.By 2003, McCain and Lieberman got back to thinking about climate change together and leveraged the first full Senate vote on their bill by <a href="https://theconversation.com/will-john-mccain-be-the-last-republican-leader-in-the-senate-to-address-climate-change-102221" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">forcing Majority Leader Bill Frist’s hand </a>on an energy bill he was trying to pass.The McCain-Lieberman bill garnered surprising support but lost 43-55, well short of the 60 votes needed to avoid an override under Senate rule.  Corporations saw this as a close call and began a concerted effort to kill the momentum in 2004 (see below). In 2005, the bill was renamed The Climate Stewardship and Innovation Act, and in McCain style, stubbornly brought up for another vote where it lost by a bigger margin, 38 Yea to 60 Nay votes.I know for a fact that they got blindsided on this.  They thought they had paved the way for success. In a meeting with a McCain staffer after the second vote, I showed them an ExxonSecrets map (similar to the one below) of the organizations and individuals that worked to kill the bill.  The staffer knew there were various organizations and companies lobbying against the bill, but had no idea the level of coordination, nor the ExxonMobil funding channels.[secrets chart]<h3 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.28205em; margin-top: 1.28205em; margin-bottom: 1.28205em;">Was the Exxon Denial Machine built to fight Sen. McCain?</h3>It has always been interesting that our database of ExxonMobil climate denial funding shows a dramatic increase in spending after 2000, which coincides with McCain emerging as a climate champion.<img alt="" src="https://www.desmogblog.com/sites/beta.desmogblog.com/files/exxon%20grants.png" style="border: 0px; max-width: 100%; height: 411px; width: 683px;" />The graph above shows the yearly totals of ExxonMobil’s grants to climate denying non-profit organizations and breaks out the total grants specifically earmarked for climate change between the years of 1997-2006.Conventional wisdom would suggest that corporate polluters thought they were off the hook with the Bush-Cheney victory over Gore-Lieberman.  Yet ExxonMobil’s funding of climate denial organizations ballooned to its highest levels between 2000 and 2005 as the McCain-Lieberman legislation gained momentum. Between 2003-2005, Exxon wrote grants totaling more than $3.3 million dollars each year to climate-denying organizations.The Competitive Enterprise Institute (CEI), the leader of the <a href="http://climateinvestigations.org/climate-deniers/cooler-heads-coalition/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Cooler Heads Coalition </a>(CHC) and recipient of over $2 million dollars total from ExxonMobil between 1997-2005, aggressively fought Sen. McCain’s climate leadership in the early 2000s. A<a href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4793357-2004-July-CEI-Myron-Ebell-leaked-email-targeting.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;"> leaked 2003 email from Myron Ebell</a>, Director of Global Warming Policy at CEI, lays out a target list for lobbying against the “McLieberman” bill. <a href="http://www.climatefiles.com/denial-groups/cei/cei-white-house-congress-energy-policy/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">FOIAed documents</a> show communications in 2003 between Myron Ebell and the Bush White House Council on Environmental Quality, where Ebell details the campaign against McCain.  CEI also put out <a href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3877869-Cei-Email-103003-1-728.html" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102); text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">press releases</a> against the legislation, held <a href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3877863-Cei-Email-102303-1-728.html" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102); text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">events </a>to debate it, and used the CHC network of climate deniers to <a href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3877746-Cei-Email-6904-1-728-1-Not-Duplicative.html" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102); text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">wage their campaign</a>.The Exxon-funded groups were also being funded by the Koch brothers and their foundations.  In January 2003, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031207033457/http://www.cse.org:80/informed/issues_template.php/1238.htm" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">CEI co-authored a letter with the Koch-funded Citizen’s for Sound Economy</a> to the Bush Whitehouse decrying the McCain-Lieberman legislation.  <a href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/1019876-2003-exxon-giving-report.html#document/p41/a289372" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">ExxonMobil gave CEI $465,000 that year</a> according to Exxon documents, the largest Exxon haul by CEI in any year.  <a href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4797409-Competitive-Enterprise-Institute-CEI-2003-IRS.html#document/p14/a450857" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">An unredacted CEI IRS 990</a> for 2003 lists a <a href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4797409-Competitive-Enterprise-Institute-CEI-2003-IRS.html#document/p14/a450858" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">$100,000 donation from David Koch himself</a> and only $180,000 from ExxonMobil (probably an accounting anomaly).<h3 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.28205em; margin-top: 1.28205em; margin-bottom: 1.28205em;">United 4 Jobs, DCI Group and Exxon cash</h3><h3 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.28205em; margin-top: 1.28205em; margin-bottom: 1.28205em;">[banner] patriotic hard hat</h3>Following the 2003 vote on McCain Lieberman bill, the corporate forces got their act together.  In 2004, a front group coalition was set up called United4Jobs.org, complete with an American Flag and a hard hat.  Here’s some of what we know:<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061006080826/http://www.united4jobs.org/about/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">The United for Jobs website in 2004 said it was “a project of”</a> the National Black Chamber of Commerce (NBCC), which received $50,000 from ExxonMobil in 2004, and the National Association of Neighborhoods, which also received $50,000 from ExxonMobil Foundation in 2004 (<a href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/1019878-2004-exxon-giving-report.html#document/p6/a260594" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102); text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">including $25,000 earmarked for “Climate Change Issues.”</a>) along with the Small Business & Entrepreneurship Council (SBE Council).[bs about]<ul style="margin: 1.5em 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">The United4Jobs project was maintained by DCI Group, a public relations company based in Washington, DC.  DCI Group is a long time ExxonMobil contractor and has a <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2017-alford-national-black-chamber-commerce/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">history</a> of setting up front groups for corporate clients, including the <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-11-16/fossil-fuels-fishy-new-friends" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">fossil fuel industry</a>, even today.  (Bloomberg News’ Zach Mider and Ben Elgin’s recent expose series on DCI Group is worth reading.)
 </li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Proof of the DCI Group’s work on the United4Jobs campaign can be found on the Internet archive WayBack Machine. The contact information of <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060502132955/http://www.courierpress.com:80/ecp/ebj_bn_nr_in/article/0,2578,ECP_19931_4591597,00.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">Andrea Saul</a> and other employees at DCI group at the time, can be found on United4Jobs’ <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060502132955/http://www.courierpress.com:80/ecp/ebj_bn_nr_in/article/0,2578,ECP_19931_4591597,00.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">press releases</a>, webpages, and reports.
 </li><li style=""><a href="http://climateinvestigations.org/dci_group_subpoena_exxon_climate_fraud/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Tech Central Station</a> (TCS), was another DCI Group project, built as a corporate op-ed page, funded by a number of companies to get third party voices published on issues they cared about. TCS prominently featured climate change denial content. In 2003, the year Tech Central was launched, ExxonMobil gave a <a href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/1019876-2003-exxon-giving-report.html#document/p44/a258254" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">$95,000 grant to an organization called “Tech Central Science Foundation</a>” which we presume served as the fiscal agent behind Tech Central Station, though no such Foundation ever registered with the IRS, as far as we know.
 </li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">From 2003 to 2005, these two DCI Group’s creations, Tech Central and United4Jobs, were used together to fight the McCain-Lieberman legislation.  <a href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4792633-2003-Charles-River-Associates-Tech-Central.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Tech Central Science Foundation</a>, the ExxonMobil funded org, paid Charles River and Associates to produce <a href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4792633-2003-Charles-River-Associates-Tech-Central.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">a report published in October 2003</a> on the theoretical economic impact of the McCain-Lieberman bill. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040617064632/http://www.unitedforjobs2004.org:80/ufj/wrapper.jsp?PID=8040-5&CID=8040-060704A" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">United4Jobs pushed that report </a>throughout <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040617064632/http://www.unitedforjobs2004.org:80/ufj/wrapper.jsp?PID=8040-5&CID=8040-060704A" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">2004 </a>and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061006080619/http://www.united4jobs.org/studies/report.aspx?id=7" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">2005</a> claiming repeatedly that one million jobs would be lost if the McCain-Lieberman climate bill was passed and implemented.
 </li><li style="">The Exxon-funded <a href="http://climateinvestigations.org/climate-deniers/cooler-heads-coalition/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Cooler Heads Coalition</a> also pushed the TCS report on McCain-Lieberman in its June 2004 <a href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3877746-Cei-Email-6904-1-728-1-Not-Duplicative.html" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102); text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">newsletter</a>. Published by CEI, the newsletter cites United for Jobs and the American Council for Capital Formation (another Exxon funded organization) as co-releasing the report. ACCF received a large ExxonMobil grant ($255,000) that year including <a href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/1019878-2004-exxon-giving-report.html#document/p1/a258280" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">$180,000 earmarked for “climate change”</a>.
 </li><li style="">Tech Central Station served as a hub for climate science and policy misinformation during this period, much of which was aimed at McCain-Lieberman. TCS’s <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060317152414/http:/www.tcsdaily.com/sections/science_roundtable.aspx" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102); text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Daily Science Roundtable</a> included a slew of climate change deniers such as <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/sallie-baliunas" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Willie Soon, Sallie Baliunas</a>, <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/timothy-f-ball-tim-ball" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102); text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Tim Ball</a>, <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/robert-c-balling-jr" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102); text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Robert C. Balling, Jr</a>., <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/david-legates" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102); text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">David Legates</a>,<a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/patrick-michaels" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;"> Patrick Michaels</a>, Roy Spencer, and others, according to an archived version of their website.
 </li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">As CIC has <a href="http://climateinvestigations.org/dci_group_subpoena_exxon_climate_fraud/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">previously written</a>, Tech Central and DCI Group ran multiple climate change denial campaigns for ExxonMobil during this period, <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB115457177198425388" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">attacking Al Gore’s film, “An Inconvenient Truth”</a> and in June 2006, less than a year after Hurricane Katrina, DCI and Tech Central produced and distributed a canned <a href="https://youtu.be/DXBqe7ngp24" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Video News Release (VNR) </a>declaring that there was no scientific evidence <a href="https://www.prwatch.org/fakenews2/vnr40" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">linking dangerous hurricanes with climate change</a>. The VNR listed “TCS Daily Science Roundtable” as the producer.  VNRs are pre-produced segments designed to look like a news story, contracted generally by corporations, sent out to news stations in hopes of getting them aired as if they were news.  This one was aired on at least one TV station along the Gulf Coast.</li></ul><h3 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.28205em; margin-top: 1.28205em; margin-bottom: 1.28205em;">Kochtopus Tentacles Ensnare McCain</h3><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">...</div><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition">https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition</a>https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition<h2 style="line-height: 2em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">Background</h2>The Cooler Heads Coalition (CHC), located online at <a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; line-height: 17.6px;">GlobalWarming.org</a>, describes itself as an <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151018180349/http://www.globalwarming.org/about/" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; line-height: 17.6px;">“informal and ad-hoc group focused on dispelling the myths of global warming</a>.“ <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s1" style="text-decoration: none; line-height: 17.6px;">[1]</a>, <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s3" style="text-decoration: none;">[</a><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s3" style="text-decoration: none; line-height: 17.6px;">3]</a>The <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060427015303/www.globalwarming.org/article.php?uid=562" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Cooler Heads Coalition (CHC) was formed on May 6, 1997</a>, under the direction of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Consumer_Coalition" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">National Consumer Coalition</a>—a project of the now-defunct <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Consumer_Alert" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Consumer Alert</a>—“out of concern that the American people were not being informed about the economic impact of proposals to drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions.”  The CHC is now backed by the <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/competitive-enterprise-institute" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Competitive Enterprise Institute (CEI)</a>, as noted on CHC's “<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151018180349/http://www.globalwarming.org/about/" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">About” page</a> which states that the website is “paid for and maintained by” CEI. <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s1" style="text-decoration: none; line-height: 17.6px;">[1]</a>, <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s18" style="text-decoration: none;">[18]</a><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/myron-ebell" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Myron Ebell</a>, director of global warming and international environmental policy at the Competitive Enterprise Institute (CEI), was listed as the “group leader” when the the Cooler Heads Coalition was initially formed, and appears to maintain an important role. <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s18" style="text-decoration: none;">[18]</a>

The Cooler Heads Coalition describes its website as “one of the Coalition’s principal educational outreach activities,” and it regularly releases blog posts questioning man-made climate change. While <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Consumer_Alert" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; line-height: 1.1em;">Consumer Alert</a> and the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Consumer_Coalition" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; line-height: 1.1em;">National Consumer Coalition</a> are now defunct, both groups historically opposed regulations on industry and advocated “free market” consumer solutions. <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s2" style="text-decoration: none;">[2</a><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s2" style="text-decoration: none;">]</a> The National Consumer Coalition initially formed CHC in late 1996 as “an on-going coalition of market-oriented national and state-level policy and activist groups, which focus on consumer issues in the policy arena.”<a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s2" style="text-decoration: none;">[2</a><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s2" style="text-decoration: none;">]</a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060427015303/www.globalwarming.org/article.php?uid=562" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">According to CHC founding documents</a>, GlobalWarming.org, “designed and maintained by Consumer Alert, pools together information from experts both inside and outside of the coalition and serves as a clearinghouse for information on global warming science and policy proposals.” <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s18" style="text-decoration: none; line-height: 17.6px;">[18]</a>

In addition to their website, founding documents noted that CHC would operate the “The Cooler Heads Newsletter.” CHCmembers would also sponsor a regular series of science and economic briefings on Capitol Hill, featuring “prominent researchers and academicians to discuss scientific and economic research relating to global warming issues. Congressional staff members, policy makers, and the media are invited to these educational sessions.” <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s18" style="text-decoration: none; line-height: 17.6px;">[18]</a><div>Other activities would include the following:</div><blockquote style="margin: 1.5em 30px;"><ul style="margin: 1.5em 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li>“Besides the publications sponsored by the group, individual Cooler Heads members publish research studies, reports, and issue briefs on scientific, economic, and political aspects of global warming policies. Members also sponsor press conferences, rallies, and consumer surveys.</li><li>Members give numerous presentations, sponsor seminars, take part in debates, and appear regularly on television and radio talk shows to discuss global warming issues. Articles and opinion pieces by Cooler Heads members appear in newspapers and magazines around the country and abroad.</li><li>Several Cooler Heads member groups are involved in the global warming treaty negotiations as NGOs (non-governmental organizations) at the United Nations negotiating sessions.” <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s18" style="text-decoration: none; line-height: 17.6px;">[18]</a></li></ul></blockquote><h2 style="line-height: 2em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">Members</h2><table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="393" style="border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; width: 587px;"><colgroup><col /><col span="5" /></colgroup><tbody><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;">Name</td><td class="rtecenter" style="text-align: center; width: 37px;">2004<a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s18" style="text-decoration: none;">[18</a>],<a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s20" style="text-decoration: none;">[20]</a> </td><td class="rtecenter" style="text-align: center; width: 39px;">2007<a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s17" style="text-decoration: none;">[</a><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s17" style="text-decoration: none;">17</a><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s17" style="text-decoration: none;">]</a></td><td class="rtecenter" style="text-align: center; width: 34px;">2008<a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s16" style="text-decoration: none;">[</a><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s16" style="text-decoration: none;">16</a><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s16" style="text-decoration: none;">]</a></td><td class="rtecenter" style="text-align: center; width: 38px;">2010<a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s15" style="text-decoration: none;">[15]</a></td><td class="rtecenter" style="text-align: center; width: 33px;">2015<a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s1" style="text-decoration: none;">[1]</a></td><td class="rtecenter" style="text-align: center; width: 51px;">2017<a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s24" style="text-decoration: none;">[24]</a></td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/60-plus-association" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">60 Plus Association</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Alexis_de_Tocqueville_Institution" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Alexis de Tocqueville Institution</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;" /><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/America's_Future_Foundation" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">America's Future Foundation</a></td><td style="width: 37px;" /><td style="width: 39px;" /><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;" /><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/American_Conservative_Union" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">American Conservative Union</a></td><td style="width: 37px;" /><td style="width: 39px;" /><td style="width: 34px;" /><td style="width: 38px;" /><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;" /></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/American_Energy_Alliance" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">American Energy Alliance</a></td><td style="width: 37px;" /><td style="width: 39px;" /><td style="width: 34px;" /><td style="width: 38px;" /><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;" /></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/American_Legislative_Exchange_Council" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">American Legislative Exchange Council</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/American_Policy_Center" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">American Policy Center</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Americans_for_Prosperity" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Americans for Prosperity</a></td><td style="width: 37px;" /><td style="width: 39px;" /><td style="width: 34px;" /><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/americans-tax-reform" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Americans for Tax Reform</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;">Association of Concerned Taxpayers</td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;" /><td style="width: 34px;" /><td style="width: 38px;" /><td style="width: 33px;" /><td style="width: 51px;" /></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Center_for_Security_Policy" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Center for Security Policy</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;" /><td style="width: 34px;" /><td style="width: 38px;" /><td style="width: 33px;" /><td style="width: 51px;" /></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Citizens_for_a_Sound_Economy" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Citizens for a Sound Economy</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;" /><td style="width: 34px;" /><td style="width: 38px;" /><td style="width: 33px;" /><td style="width: 51px;" /></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/committee-constructive-tomorrow" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Committee for a Constructive Tomorrow</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/competitive-enterprise-institute" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Competitive Enterprise Institute</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Consumer_Alert" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Consumer Alert</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;" /><td style="width: 34px;" /><td style="width: 38px;" /><td style="width: 33px;" /><td style="width: 51px;" /></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Citizens_Against_Government_Waste" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Council for Citizens Against Government Waste</a></td><td style="width: 37px;" /><td style="width: 39px;" /><td style="width: 34px;" /><td style="width: 38px;" /><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;" /></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Defenders_of_Property_Rights" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Defenders of Property Rights</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;" /><td style="width: 34px;" /><td style="width: 38px;" /><td style="width: 33px;" /><td style="width: 51px;" /></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Eagle_Forum" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Eagle Forum</a></td><td style="width: 37px;" /><td style="width: 39px;" /><td style="width: 34px;" /><td style="width: 38px;" /><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;" /></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/fraser-institute" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Fraser Institute, Canada</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;">Freedom Action</td><td style="width: 37px;" /><td style="width: 39px;" /><td style="width: 34px;" /><td style="width: 38px;" /><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;" /></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/freedomworks" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">FreedomWorks</a></td><td style="width: 37px;" /><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/frontiers-freedom" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Frontiers of Freedom</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/george-c-marshall-institute" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">George C. Marshall Institute</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/heartland-institute" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Heartland Institute</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/heritage-foundation" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Heritage Foundation</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;" /><td style="width: 34px;" /><td style="width: 38px;" /><td style="width: 33px;" /><td style="width: 51px;" /></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/independent-institute" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Independent Institute</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Istituto_Bruno_Leoni" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Istituto Bruno Leoni, Italy</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/john-locke-foundation" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">John Locke Foundation</a></td><td style="width: 37px;" /><td style="width: 39px;" /><td style="width: 34px;" /><td style="width: 38px;" /><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;" /></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/junkscience-com" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">JunkScience.com</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Lavoisier_Group" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Lavoisier Group, Australia</a></td><td style="width: 37px;" /><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/liberty-institute" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Liberty Institute, India</a></td><td style="width: 37px;" /><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/national-center-policy-analysis" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">National Center for Policy Analysis</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/national-center-public-policy-research" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">National Center for Public Policy Research</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;" /><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;" /></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Pacific_Research_Institute" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Pacific Research Institute</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Senior_Coalition" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Seniors Coalition</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;" /><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;">Small Business and Entrepreneurship Council</td><td style="width: 37px;" /><td style="width: 39px;">Y</td><td style="width: 34px;">Y</td><td style="width: 38px;">Y</td><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;">Y</td></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Small_Business_Survival_Committee" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Small Business Survival Committee</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;" /><td style="width: 34px;" /><td style="width: 38px;" /><td style="width: 33px;" /><td style="width: 51px;" /></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Tax_Payers_Alliance" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Taxpayers' Alliance, Uk</a></td><td style="width: 37px;" /><td style="width: 39px;" /><td style="width: 34px;" /><td style="width: 38px;" /><td style="width: 33px;">Y</td><td style="width: 51px;" /></tr><tr height="15"><td height="15" style="height: 20px; width: 312px;"><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/advancement-sound-science-coalition" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition</a></td><td style="width: 37px;">Y</td><td style="width: 39px;" /><td style="width: 34px;" /><td style="width: 38px;" /><td style="width: 33px;" /><td style="width: 51px;" /></tr></tbody></table><h2 style="line-height: 2em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">Stance on Climate Change</h2>The Cooler Heads Coalition's initial mission was to “dispel the myths of global warming by exposing flawed economic, scientific, and risk analysis.” <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s2" style="text-decoration: none;"> [2]</a>2004<blockquote style="margin: 1.5em 30px;">“Members of the coalition point out that the science of global warming is uncertain, but the negative impacts of global warming policies on consumers are all too real.” <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s18" style="text-decoration: none;">[18]</a></blockquote><h2 style="line-height: 2em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">Funding</h2>The Cooler Heads Coalition website, GlobalWarming.org. is paid for and maintained by the <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/competitive-enterprise-institute" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Competitive Enterprise Institute (CEI)</a>. <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s1" style="text-decoration: none;">[1]</a>

The majority of Coalition Members have received significant funding from the oil industry and right-wing think tanks. CEI itself <a href="http://conservativetransparency.org/recipient/competitive-enterprise-institute/" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">has received over $1.6 million</a> from <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Exxon_Mobil" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">ExxonMobil</a>, and hundreds of thousands of dollars from <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/koch-family-foundations" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Koch foundations</a>. <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s1" style="text-decoration: none;">[1]</a>, <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s21" style="text-decoration: none;">[21]</a><h2 style="line-height: 2em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">Key People</h2><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Cooler_Heads_Coalition" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">According to SourceWatch</a>, former <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/competitive-enterprise-institute" style="text-decoration: none;">Competitive Enterprise Institute (CEI)</a> director <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Marlo_Lewis" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Marlo Lewis</a> was the original Chair of the Cooler Heads Coalition while <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/myron-ebell" style="text-decoration: none;">Myron Ebell</a>, CEI's Director of Global Warming and International Environmental Policy, directed it. <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s4" style="text-decoration: none;">[4]</a>GlobalWarming.org lists the following “<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161111235014/http://www.globalwarming.org/contributors/" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">contributors</a>,” as of November, 2016: <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s5" style="text-decoration: none;">[5]</a><ul style="margin: 1.5em 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li>William Yeatman — Editor (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161111235015/https://cei.org/expert/william-yeatman" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Senior Fellow at CEI</a>)</li><li><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/myron-ebell" style="text-decoration: none;">Myron Ebell</a> — Chairman</li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Marlo_Lewis" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Marlo Lewis</a></li><li><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/chris-horner" style="text-decoration: none;">Chris Horner</a></li><li>Brian McGraw</li></ul><h3 style="line-height: 1.28205em; margin-top: 1.28205em; margin-bottom: 1.28205em;">Past Contributors</h3>According to <a href="http://research.greenpeaceusa.org/?a=download&d=3419" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Greenpeace Research documents (PDF)</a>, representatives for CHC have also included the following: <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s6" style="text-decoration: none;">[6]</a><ul style="margin: 1.5em 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li>Frances B. Smith</li><li>Jim Lucier</li><li>Damon Ansell</li><li>Jan Faiks</li><li><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/craig-rucker" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Craig Rucker</a></li><li>Renee Stykes</li><li>Angella Antonelli</li><li>Joel Bucher</li><li><a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/steve-milloy" style="text-decoration: none;">Steve Milloy</a></li><li>Don Senese</li><li>Nancy Marzulla</li><li>John Shanahan</li><li>David Ridenour</li><li>Nona Wegner</li></ul><h2 style="line-height: 2em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">Actions</h2><div>2020 updATE: {{</div><h2 style="line-height: 2em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">Actions</h2>September 2017The <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/a-two-decade-crusade-by-conservative-charities-fueled-trumps-exit-from-paris-climate-accord/2017/09/05/fcb8d9fe-6726-11e7-9928-22d00a47778f_story.html?utm_term=.b76ed40a2623" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Washington Post reported </a>on the influence that Myron Ebell and the <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Cooler Heads Coalition (CHC)</a> played in President Donald Trump's withdrawal from the Paris climate accord. <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s25" style="text-decoration-line: none;">[25]</a><blockquote style="margin: 1.5em 30px;">“He [Trump] made the decision. We helped create the circumstances,” Ebell told The Washington Post. “When you are persistent, good things can happen.” <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s25" style="text-decoration-line: none;">[25]</a></blockquote>The Washington Post notes that this is an example of the “little-known role that tax-exempt public charities play in modern campaigns to sway lawmakers and shape policy in the nation’s capital, while claiming to be nonpartisan educational organizations.” <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s25" style="text-decoration-line: none;">[25]</a> NOTE THIS IS CLAIM/BOAST? BUT SEE GRAY BELOW ON HOAX]The Post noted that members of the CHC are only a small part of the larger network of tax-exempt nonprofit groups “linked by ideology and funding, that supported Trump while disparaging Democrat Hillary Clinton in last year’s presidential campaign.” <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s25" style="text-decoration-line: none;">[25]</a>Robert Brulle, professor of sociology and environmental science at Drexel University, described the situation: <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s25" style="text-decoration-line: none;">[25]</a><blockquote style="margin: 1.5em 30px;">“Public charities serve as so-called independent think tanks, providing analysis to create the appearance they are independent, third-party voices,” Brulle said. “It becomes so complicated and so sophisticated. This is how modern politics operates.” <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s25" style="text-decoration-line: none;">[25]</a></blockquote>Brulle is author of a 2013 study, titled “Institutionalizing Delay,” which tracked the hundreds of millions of dollars contributed to nonprofit “think tanks” fighting against global warming regulations. The Post also uncovered an email by Ebell, inviting those who opposed the Paris agreement to a White House briefing: <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s25" style="text-decoration-line: none;">[25]</a><blockquote style="margin: 1.5em 30px;">“Thank you for agreeing to be part of the basket of deplorables,” he wrote in an April 18 email. “The purpose of the meeting is to present our views on why President Trump should keep his campaign commitment to withdraw from the Paris Climate Treaty.” <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s25" style="text-decoration-line: none;">[25]</a></blockquote>Ebell admitted that some activities of the CHC do “bleed into political persuasion and lobbying,” however added that this was commonplace in Washington, and does not violate IRS rules because it doesn't constitute a substantial portion of its work. <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s25" style="text-decoration-line: none;">[25]</a>A former CHC member, speaking on the condition of anonymity, said that the group's mission while led by Ebell was to be a a “Johnny-on-the-spot for climate denialism” and to simulate a “cacophony of voices” against climate-change science. <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s25" style="text-decoration-line: none;">[25]</a><blockquote style="margin: 1.5em 30px;">“There’s a whole web,” the former member said. “Their job was to make sure the hard right remained animated.” <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s25" style="text-decoration-line: none;">[25]</a></blockquote>December, 2015

The Cooler Heads Coalition worked with a number of think tanks and advocacy groups including the <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/heartland-institute" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Heartland Institute</a>, <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/heritage-foundation" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Heritage Foundation</a>, <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/committee-constructive-tomorrow" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none;">CFACT</a>, <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/competitive-enterprise-institute" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Competitive Enterprise Institute</a> and Nongovernmental Panel on Climate Change (NIPCC) to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160413003143/https://www.heartland.org/Cop21" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none;">battle against a binding agreement at the COP-21 climate conference in Paris</a>. <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s19" style="text-decoration-line: none;">[19]</a>

As part of the effort, members of CHC from the US, Canada, and Europe attended a press conference on December 7 at a Heartland event titled “Day of Examining the Data.” The <a href="https://youtu.be/uZKIUP9EGp8" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none;">complete video from the event (over 6 hours)</a> is below. <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s19" style="text-decoration-line: none; line-height: 17.6px;">[19]</a>}}December, 2015

The Cooler Heads Coalition worked with a number of think tanks and advocacy groups including the <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/heartland-institute" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102); text-decoration: none;">Heartland Institute</a>, <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/heritage-foundation" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102); text-decoration: none;">Heritage Foundation</a>, <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/committee-constructive-tomorrow" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102); text-decoration: none;">CFACT</a>, <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/competitive-enterprise-institute" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102); text-decoration: none;">Competitive Enterprise Institute</a> and Nongovernmental Panel on Climate Change (NIPCC) to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160413003143/https://www.heartland.org/Cop21" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; background-color: rgb(255, 204, 102);">battle against a binding agreement at the COP-21 climate conference in Paris</a>. <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s19" style="text-decoration: none;">[19]</a>

As part of the effort, members of CHC from the US, Canada, and Europe attended a press conference on December 7 at a Heartland event titled “Day of Examining the Data.” The <a href="https://youtu.be/uZKIUP9EGp8" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">complete video from the event (over 6 hours)</a> is below. <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s19" style="text-decoration: none; line-height: 17.6px;">[19]</a>img vid?According to a<a href="http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/cfact-delegation-headed-to-paris-to-challenge-un-climate-pact-300183654.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;"> CFACT Press Release</a>, “CFACT is teaming up with the Heartland Institute and the Cooler Heads Coalition to analyze the UN discussions, inject facts, and make available leading scientific and policy experts who offer much-needed balance to the climate debate. They will conduct a series of scientific briefings, press conferences and displays.”<a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s22" style="text-decoration: none;"> [22]</a>

August 7, 2015<a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/myron-ebell" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Myron Ebell</a>, Chair of the Cooler Heads Coalition, spoke with <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/h-sterling-burnett" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">H. Sterling Burnett</a> of the Heartland Institute on the “<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161111235016/http://blog.heartland.org/2015/08/heartland-daily-podcast-myron-ebell-breaking-down-obamas-clean-power-plan/" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">extreme costs and minimal benefits [of] President Obama’s clean power plan</a>.” <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s7" style="text-decoration: none;">[7]</a>June 19, 2015<a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/myron-ebell" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Myron Ebell</a>, Cooler Heads Coalition Chair, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151018185234/http://www.globalwarming.org/2015/06/19/pope-franciss-climate-encyclical-help-poor-people-by-dismantling-industrial-civilization/" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">denounced</a> Pope Francis's <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/2015/06/18/pope-francis-encyclical-sincere-call-climate-action-economic-justice" style="text-decoration: none;">Encyclical on the Environment </a>as “scientifically ill-informed, economically illiterate, intellectually incoherent, and morally obtuse.” <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s8" style="text-decoration: none; line-height: 17.6px;">[8]</a>

According to Ebell,  “It is also theologically suspect, and large parts of it are leftist drivel, albeit couched in the vocabulary of Catholic social teaching” and a “”diatribe against modern industrial civilization.” <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s8" style="text-decoration: none;">[8]</a>March 4, 2015 <div>The Cooler Heads Coalition's GlobalWarming.org showcased two charts that reported to “[expose] the unsustainability of the European Union’s proposal” to reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions. <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s9" style="text-decoration: none;">[9]</a>,<a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s10" style="text-decoration: none;"> [10]</a></div>
According to <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/meet-marlo-lewis-dirty-energy-industry-s-best-friend" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Marlo Lewis,</a> “millions of people could still get hurt along the way before the wretched thing falls apart.”June, 2009

Cooler Heads Coalition members<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151018182856/http://www.nytimes.com/gwire/2009/06/23/23greenwire-lobbying-frenzy-begins-as-house-climate-bill-he-7715.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;"> lobbied against the “American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009,”</a> also known as the Waxman-Markey Climate Bill. <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s11" style="text-decoration: none;">[11]</a>, <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s12" style="text-decoration: none;">[12]</a>May 3, 2004

CHC held a congressional and media briefing entitled “<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161111235014/http://www.globalwarming.org/2004/05/11/adverse-impacts-of-warming-have-been-exaggerated/" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Impacts of Global Warming: Why the Alarmist View is Wrong</a>” on Capitol Hill.

Speakers included well known global warming deniers such as <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/madhav-khandekar" style="text-decoration: none;">Madhav L. Khandekar</a>, <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/nils-axel-morner" style="text-decoration: none;">Nils-Axel Morner</a>, <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/paul-reiter" style="text-decoration: none;">Paul Reiter</a>, and <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/patrick-michaels" style="text-decoration: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Patrick Michaels</a>. They presented arguments against claims that global warming will cause increases in extreme weather events, sea level rise, vector-borne diseases, and species extinction. <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s14" style="text-decoration: none;">[14]</a>May 16, 2003The Cooler Heads Coalition and the <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/george-c-marshall-institute" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">George C. Marshall Institute</a> co-sponsored a media briefing by noted climate change denier Willie Soon, in an event titled “<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161112054454/https://cei.org/events/was-20th-century-climate-unusual" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Was the 20th- Century Climate Unusual? Exploring the Lessons and Limits of Climate History</a>.” <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s23" style="text-decoration: none;">[23]</a>May 14, 2002

CHC held a briefing at the National Press Club, in conjunction with Frontiers of Freedom and the Science and Environmental Policy Project, [fred SINGER] entitled “<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20021019115323/http://www.usnewswire.com/topnews/first/0514-108.html" target="_blank" style="text-decoration: none;">Experts Discuss Why U.S. Should Withdraw From Kyoto Treaty</a>.” <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/cooler-heads-coalition#s13" style="text-decoration: none;">[13]</a><h3 style="line-height: 1.28205em; margin-top: 1.28205em; margin-bottom: 1.28205em;">Publications</h3>The Cooler Heads Coalition publishes a regular “digest” that regularly includes commentary and articles from leading climate change deniers. Samples below:tempest:...

The Free Market Solution: Zoos

AL GORE IS ABOUT TO COME ON THE BIG SCREEN. Fred Smith is eagerly awaiting the moment. We're at a media

preview of "An Inconvenient Truth," the documentary on Gore and global

warming (it debuts this week in Washington). Smith is not exactly a Gore

groupie. He is the head of the Competitive Enterprise Institute, a

factory for global warming skepticism.

CEI has 28 people on staff, "half a platoon," Smith likes to say.

They're in the persuasion business, fighting for the free market. They

lobby against government regulations of all kinds. Smith writes articles

with titles such as "Eco-Socialism: Threat to Liberty Around the

World." These promoters of capitalism don't really operate a commercial

enterprise; like any think tank, CEI relies on donations from

individuals, foundations and corporations. The most generous sponsors of

last year's annual dinner at the Capital Hilton were the Alliance of

Automobile Manufacturers, Exxon Mobil, the Pharmaceutical Research and

Manufacturers of America, and Pfizer. Other contributors included <a href="http://financial.washingtonpost.com/custom/wpost/html-qcn.asp?dispnav=business&mwpage=qcn&symb=GM&nav=el" target="">General Motors</a>, the American Petroleum Institute, the American Plastics Council, the Chlorine Chemistry Council and Arch Coal.

Smith is short, stocky, bearded. He talks extremely fast and sprinkles

his remarks with free market jargon, climate change lingo, historical

references and various mysterious words that seem to come from a secret

conservatives-only code book.

As we wait for the movie to start, I ask him how he would define his

political beliefs. "Classical liberal," he says. He explains that

civilization is a means for allowing individuals to liberate their

energies and their genius -- an emergence from primitive, tribal,

collectivist social arrangements. When humans switch from collectivism

to private property, he says, "you have greater freedom of ideas." This

prompts the thought that the federal government owns way too much land

in the West. Much of it should be privatized, he says.

Including national parks? I ask.

"Probably wouldn't touch it for political reasons," he says.

The movie begins: Images of a river. Lush foliage. Gore's voice, almost

sultry, rhapsodizes about nature. Then we see him take a stage in an

auditorium. He is in a suit and tie and looks very much like a candidate

for political office.
"Maybe he is running," Smith says.

When Gore shows a big graph of rising CO2, Smith says, "That's a phony scale."

The film shows footage from Hurricane Katrina.

"It was a Category 3 hurricane," Smith says. Not the Cat 5, at landfall, you keep hearing about.

Gore reveals that insurance losses because of hurricanes have steadily climbed.

"That's just dishonest," Smith says. There are more beach houses and so on -- it's just an infrastructure issue.

Subsequent visits to the Competitive Enterprise Institute show Smith in

his element. The think tank is a warren of offices lined with framed

magazine advertisements from the 1950s and earlier. These are images of

the Golden Age of American Commerce, when cars were like luxury liners

and chemical companies bragged about their mosquito-annihilating

concoctions.

</div>

"New Guinea is an island gripped in the vise of high, jagged mountain

ranges . . . Choking entangling jungle is everywhere . . . In this

appalling setting, aviation made an epic conquest." That's ad copy for

the Socony-Vacuum oil company, later known as Mobil.

Smith loves this stuff. Those were the days! The message: Free

enterprise brings people together and improves their lives. It was the

Better Living Through Chemistry era. Smith points out an ad for

Weyerhaeuser Timber showing clear-cut forests on a mountainside and two

raccoons tussling with one another on the stump of a Douglas fir.

Another photo, lower, shows a frame house. You can clearly see that

cutting forests benefits people. Nowadays, environmentalists want the

benefits without any of the pain. "It's all gain, no pain," Smith says.

We pass an asbestos ad.

"When I was a kid, this was called the miracle mineral," he says.

Although Smith can be rambling and digressive, he has a team of analysts

who know the global warming topic inside and out and can quickly

produce the latest nugget of potentially contradictory evidence

(Greenland melted faster in the 1920s!). What rankles them most of all

is the suggestion that global warming is a problem that must be fixed by

the government, top down, through regulations. Let the free market work

its genius, they say. Countries with thriving economies will, in the

long run, be more adaptive to climate change and will find more

technological solutions than countries that hamstring themselves by

clamping down on greenhouse emissions.

Smith's office has a grand view of Farragut Square and the Washington

Monument in the distance. A man named Chris Horner, general counsel of

the Cooler Heads Coalition, joins us, as does, popping in and out, Marlo

Lewis, a CEI policy analyst who works on climate change. They lapse

several times into the Secret Code.

"Terrible toos," Horner says. I'm confused. He explains that it's shorthand for environmental doom and gloom.

"Terrible toos. Too many people, using too many resources."

Smith has a different equation: "Less people, less affluence, less technology: We call that death, poverty and ignorance."

They believe the rise of carbon dioxide may be a symptom of global warming, not the cause. Look at the chart Gore used:

Didn't it look like the warming comes before the CO2 increase?

Lewis says the snows of Kilimanjaro have been in retreat since the

1880s. The climate there is not getting warmer, it's getting drier. Just

won't snow.

They see economic growth as an all-purpose cure for environmental

problems. Rich societies are environmentally resilient; poor societies

have dirty power plants and sooty huts. Government regulations aren't

necessary. I ask Lewis if he thinks the Clean Air Act is a good idea.

"It depends," he

answers. There follows a complicated riff from Smith about common law

property rights and English fishermen suing upstream polluters in the

19th century.

Smith takes an abrupt detour into the issue of endangered species. The

solution is to let the private sector handle it. They should be

privatized, like pets or livestock. Dogs, cats, chickens, pigs: These

creatures won't ever go extinct.

I want to make sure I understand what he is saying, so I begin to ask a question: "For endangered species, people should --"

"-- own them," Smith says.

But isn't there a difference between animals that live in zoos and animals that live in the wild?

"Yes and no," Smith says. " 'Zoo' is a pejorative term that PETA has

turned into an animal slavery community. A zoo is nothing more than an

elaborate ark."

What's unnatural, Smith says, is wilderness. The so-called wilderness of

early America used to be inhabited by Indians, and they changed their

environment. "They burned down trees, they burned forests, they ran

buffaloes over cliffs. They were not dancing with wolves," he says.

"Wilderness is the least natural part of this planet."

Human beings, in his view, are not apart from nature but very much of

it, and thus whatever human beings do is natural. Environmentalists view

human activity as a blemish, and animal activity as noble and good. If

Manhattan had been built by termites, environmentalists would make it a

World Heritage Site, Smith says. If the Grand Canyon had been the result

of coal mining, he says, "Al Gore would say, 'This is horrible.'"

Horner talks about baselines used in climate trends. Why start in 1860?

That was the end of the Little Ice Age. Of course the world has warmed

since then. That's cheating with the baseline. At one point Horner

refers to the "cooling" since 1998 -- a record-breaking year with a

major El Niño event in the Pacific. He admits he is being disingenuous.

"We're playing the baseline game," Horner says.

And then -- I'm not even sure how it comes up -- Smith says we can solve

the problem of gorillas being killed in Africa. They're caught in the

middle of a civil war among African tribes. The solution: Evacuate them.

Airlift them out, like soldiers caught behind enemy lines.

"We've got lots of land."

For the gorillas, he means.

"Build a Jurassic Park in Central

America."

Horner says that perhaps we are getting off track.

And Then There's Hitler

LET US BE HONEST about the intellectual culture of America in general:

It has become almost impossible to have an intelligent discussion about

anything.

Everything is a war now. This is the age of lethal verbal combat, where

even scientific issues involving measurements and molecules are somehow

supernaturally polarizing. The controversy about global warming resides

all too perfectly at the collision point of environmentalism and free

market capitalism. It's bound to be not only politicized but twisted,

mangled and beaten senseless in the process. The divisive nature of

global warming isn't helped by the fact that the most powerful

global-warming skeptic (at least by reputation) is President Bush, and

the loudest warnings come from Al Gore.

Human beings may be large of brain, but they are social animals, too,

like wolves, and are prone to behave in packs. So when something like

climate change comes up, the first thing people want to know is, whose

side are you on? All those climatic variables and uncertainties and

probabilities and "forcings" and "feedback loops," those cans of worms

that Bill Gray talks about, get boiled down to their essence. Are you

with us or against us?

Somehow Hitler keeps popping into the discussion. Gore draws a parallel

between fighting global warming and fighting the Nazis. Novelist Michael

Crichton, in State of Fear , ends with an appendix comparing the

theory of global warming to the theory of eugenics -- the belief,

prominently promoted by Nazis, that the gene pool of the human species

was degenerating due to higher reproductive rates of "inferior" people.

Both, he contends, are examples of junk science, supported by

intellectual elites who will later conveniently forget they signed on to

such craziness.

And Gray has no governor on his rhetoric. At one point during our

meeting in Colorado he blurts out, "Gore believed in global warming

almost as much as Hitler believed there was something wrong with the

Jews."

When I opine that he is incendiary, he answers: "Yes, I am incendiary.

But the other side is just as incendiary. The etiquette of science has

long ago been thrown out the window."

In a media-saturated world, it's hard to get anyone's attention without

cranking the volume. Time magazine recently declared that Earth looks

like a planet that is sick (cover headline: "Be Worried. Be Very

Worried"). Vanity Fair published a "worst-case scenario" photo

illustration of Manhattan drowned by an 80-foot sea-level rise, the

skyscrapers poking up from what has become part of the Atlantic Ocean.

That's not inconceivable over the course of many centuries, but the

scientific consensus (IPCC, 2001) is that by 2100 sea level will have

risen somewhere between three and 34 inches from its 1990 level.

The news media -- always infatuated with doom (were it not for the

obvious ramifications for ratings and circulation, the media would love

to cover the End of the World) -- struggle to resist the most

calamitous-sounding climate scenarios. Consider the January 2005 survey

of thousands of climate change models that showed a very wide range of

possibilities. One model at the very extreme had a worst-case-scenario

warming of 11 degrees Celsius -- which is nearly 20 degrees Fahrenheit.

"The world is likely to heat up by an average of 11ºC by the end of the

century, the biggest-ever study of global warming showed yesterday," the

London Evening Standard reported online. This would cause "a surge in

sea levels threatening the lives of billions of people."

Wrong, but whatever.

The skeptics feed on alarmism. They love any sign that global warming is

a case of mass hysteria. Someone like Myron Ebell, an analyst at CEI,

freely admits that, as an advocate in a politicized battle, he tries to

make "the best case against alarmism." Everyone, on both sides, is

arguing like a lawyer these days, he says. "What is going on right now

is a desperate last-ditch Battle of the Bulge type effort by the forces

of darkness, which is relying heavily on the lockstep/groupthink

scientific community."

The president's science adviser, John Marburger, thinks the politicized

debate has made it almost impossible to talk sensibly about the issue.

"There seems to be the general feeling that somehow the administration

doesn't feel that climate change is happening," he says. "That's

completely wrong." The administration just doesn't think the problem can

be solved with the "magic wand" of regulation.

Marburger recently declined to go on "60 Minutes" to address allegations that

federal scientists were being muzzled and government reports rewritten

by the White House to minimize concerns about global warming. "In

general the public discourse on this has gotten completely off the

track, and we're never going to straighten it out on '60 Minutes,'"

Marburger says.

This issue forces Americans to sort through a great deal of science,

technology and economics, all of it saturated in divisive politics. Many

Americans haven't really tuned in. A Gallup poll in March showed that

global warming is far down the list of concerns among Americans -- even

when asked to rank their environmental worries. More Americans were

worried about damage to the ozone layer. No doubt some people have the

two issues confused. Both involve air, and emissions of some kind, and

some worrisome global effect. But the ozone issue, while hardly solved,

has at least been seriously addressed with a global ban on

chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).

Climate change takes place on time scales of decades and centuries. In a

24-hour information society, it is hard to keep the year 2100 in mind.

But these changes are happening at a geologically rapid pace. For

roughly the past 10,000 years, since the end of the last Ice Age, human

beings have enjoyed a relatively stable, comfortable "interglacial"

period, during which they've invented everything from agriculture to

moon rockets. Nomadic bands of hunters and gatherers have given way to

more than 6 billion people, largely urbanized and energy-hungry.

Pressure on ecosystems is immense. Biologists warn of a "sixth

extinction" -- the sixth mass extinction of species since the rise of

multicellular organisms about 600 million years ago. The most recent

mass extinction, 65 million years ago, was apparently caused by a

mountain-size object striking Earth. Human civilization, in this view,

is like an asteroid hitting the planet.

The expansion of human civilization is an experiment on a global scale:

What happens when a species obtains not only intelligence but

technology? Do intelligent, technological species tend to survive for a

long time -- or bring their environment crashing down around them?

The Hurricane Conference

BILL GRAY HAS THE HONOR of delivering the closing remarks at the

National Hurricane Conference in Orlando. It's mid-April, and we're at a

fancy hotel on International Drive, a main street for the tourist

industry that has sprouted from the orange groves and cow pastures of

central Florida. Gray seems to be everywhere, constantly talking,

popping out to the terrace by the pool to give TV interviews, holding

forth without any hint of fatigue. He has three media assistants

following him around. They are working under contract for TCSDaily, a

Web site that is a nexus of anti-global-warming arguments.

They set up two news conferences. At both events, Gray gives his

standard arguments about global warming, bracketing a dispassionate

discussion of the upcoming tropical storm season by his young protege,

Phil Klotzbach. The two are a sight to behold: Gray, the white-haired

titan, thunderous, outraged, and Klotzbach, red-haired, freckled, very

calm, very mild, looking so much younger than his 25 years.

"I think there's a lot of foolishness going on," Gray says as he stands

before a bank of 10 TV cameras and a couple of dozen journalists.

Hurricanes aren't getting worse -- we're just in an uptick of a regular cycle. But the alarmists won't let anyone believe that.

"The world is boiling! It's getting worse and worse!" Gray shouts. "Hell is approaching."

He was a paperboy in Washington in the 1940s, he says. There were

stories back then about global warming. But then it got cooler, for

decades, and by the mid-1970s the story had changed, and scientists were

warning of -- yes -- an Ice Age! Gray shows a slide of magazine covers

in the mid-1970s (Science Digest, 1973; Newsweek, 1975) fretting about

the Cooling World.

The core of Gray's argument is that the warming of the past decades is a

natural cycle, driven by a global ocean circulation that manifests

itself in the North Atlantic as the Gulf Stream. Warm water and cool

water essentially rise and fall in a rhythm lasting decades. "I don't

think this warming period of the last 30 years can keep on going," he

says. "It may warm another three, five, eight years, and then it will

start to cool."

Gray's crusade against global warming "hysteria" began in the early

1990s, when he saw enormous sums of federal research money going toward

computer modeling rather than his kind of science, the old-fashioned

stuff based on direct observation. Gray often cites the ascendancy of

Gore to the vice presidency as the start of his own problems with

federal funding. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

(NOAA) stopped giving him research grants. So did NASA. All the money

was going to computer models. The field was going off on this wild

tangent.

Numerical models can't predict the future, he says. They don't even

pretend to predict the weather in the coming season -- "but they make

predictions of 50 or 100 years from now and ask you to believe the Earth

will get warmer."

The modelers are equation pushers.

"They haven't been down in the trenches, making forecasts and understanding stuff!"

The news media are self-interested.

"Media people are all out for Pulitzer Prizes!"

The IPCC is elitist.

"They don't talk to us! I've never been approached by the IPCC."

He spots a famous meteorologist in the back of the room. It's Neil Frank, former

director of the National Hurricane Center.

"Neil, have they ever approached you?"

"No," Frank answers.

A TV reporter asks Gray a key question: "What if you're wrong?"

"We can't do anything about it if I'm wrong. China and India are going to burn fossil fuels."

After Gray finishes, he gives more interviews. Frank, waiting in the wings, tells me he agrees with Gray.

"It's a hoax," he says. He says cutting carbon emissions would wind up

hurting poor people. I ask if he thinks more CO2 in the air would be a

good thing.

"Exactly! Maybe we're living in a carbon dioxide-starved world. We don't know."

Skeptics and Conspiracies

THE SKEPTICS DON'T AGREE with one another. They will privately distance

themselves from other skeptics ("I think he's full of beans") while

maintaining a certain public solidarity against the Forces of Fear. Pat

Michaels, the U-Va. climatologist, doesn't even want to be called a

skeptic.

"I believe in climate change caused by human beings," Michaels says.

"What I'm skeptical about is the glib notion that it means the end of

the world as we know it."

John Christy, an atmospheric scientist at the University of Alabama in

Huntsville, says: "We're skeptical that the observations we see now are

indicating catastrophic change. And we're skeptical of our capability to

truly understand the climate system, how it works, and so on, and

therefore predict its evolution."

Of all the skeptics, MIT's Richard Lindzen probably has the most

credibility among mainstream scientists, who acknowledge that he's doing

serious research on the subject. Lindzen contends that water vapor and

clouds, which will increase in a warmer world because of higher rates of

evaporation, create "negative feedbacks" that counter the warming

trend. "The only reason the models get such a big response is that, in

models, the most important greenhouse substances, which are water vapor

and clouds, act to take anything man does and make it worse," he says.

Observations show otherwise, he says.

Lindzen argues that the climate models can't be right, because we've

already raised CO2 and methane dramatically, and the planet simply

hasn't warmed that much. But Isaac Held, a NOAA modeler, says Lindzen is

jumping the gun, because the greenhouse gases take time -- decades,

centuries -- to have their full impact. Indeed, we've already made a

"commitment" to warming. We couldn't stop global warming at this point

if we closed every factory and curbed every car. The mainstream argument

is that we could minimize the increase, and reduce the risk of a

dangerous, unstable, white-knuckle climate change.

Held studied under Lindzen years ago and considers him a friend and a smart scientist -- but highly contrarian.

"There're people like [Lindzen] in every field of science. There are

always people in the fringes. They're attracted to the fringe . . . It

may be as simple as, how do you prove you're smarter than everyone else?

You don't do that by being part of the consensus," Held says.

The most vocal partisans in the climate change debate often describe

their opponents as part of a conspiracy, of sorts. Both sides think the

other side has a monetary or political incentive to skew the data. But

there are people in this battle who fervently believe in what they say.

Bill Gray says he takes no fossil-fuel money. He's simply sick and tired

of squishy-minded hand-wringing equation-pushing computer jocks who've

never flown into a hurricane!

Gray has his own conspiracy theory. He has made a list of 15 reasons for

the global warming hysteria. The list includes the need to come up with

an enemy after the end of the Cold War, and the desire among

scientists, government leaders and environmentalists to find a political

cause that would enable them to "organize, propagandize, force

conformity and exercise political influence. Big world government could

best lead (and control) us to a better world!"

Gray admits that he has a dark take on human nature: "I have a demonic view on this."

The most notorious example of climate change conspiracy-mongering is in Crichton's State of Fear

. The villain is the director of an environmental organization. He's in

league with radical environmentalists who kill people at the drop of a

hat as part of a plot to trigger natural disasters that will somehow

advance the theory of global warming. The novel's fans include the

president of the United States, who met with Crichton in the White

House.

There's a certain kind of skeptic who has no patience for the official

consensus, especially if it has the imprimatur of a government, or

worse, the United Nations. They focus on ambiguities and mysteries and

things that just don't add up. They say the Official Story can't

possibly be true, because it doesn't explain the [insert inexplicable

data point here]. They set a high standard for reality -- it must never

be fuzzy around the edges.

"They argue not as scientists but as lawyers," says Pieter Tans, who

runs a lab at NOAA in Boulder, Colo., where he examines bottles of air

taken from monitoring stations all over the planet. "When they argue,

they pick one piece of the fabric of evidence and blow it up all out of

proportion . . . Their purpose is to confuse, so that the public gets

the idea that there is a raging scientific debate. There is no raging

scientific debate."

Some of the anomalies cited by the skeptics go away over time. Remember

that graph showing the world's temperature leveling off and actually

cooling from 1940 to 1975, even as the industrial economies of the

planet were going full blast? The mainstream climate scientists think

one factor may have been air pollution -- aerosols pumped out by

smokestacks, dimming sunlight before it reached the surface. In the

early 1970s, governments passed air pollution controls, such as the

Clean Air Act, that required scrubbers on smokestacks. The skies

cleared. And the temperature has been racing upward ever since.

What about the Medieval Warm Period? If human industry causes warming,

why were the Vikings sailing around the North Atlantic to godforsaken

places like Greenland and setting up farming communities 1,000 years

ago? Many scientists answer that the Medieval Warm Period wasn't a

global phenomenon. You can't draw global conclusions from the experience

of the North Atlantic.

"There is this misperception that global change is a spatially uniform

and smooth in time process," says Kerry Emanuel, an atmospheric

scientist at MIT. "In fact that's not true. There's all kind of

variability. You can find places in the world where the temperature has

gone down for the past 50 years. When you're looking for a signal in a

very noisy record you do as much averaging as possible."

So what about all those fears, back in the 1970s, of a coming Ice Age?

It was a minor issue among serious climate scientists. One paper

commonly cited by skeptics as an example of Ice Age doomsaying merely

stated that, absent any human-driven global warming, an Ice Age might

return in 20,000 years.

The most famous anomaly, long cited by skeptics, was the satellite data. It didn't show the warming of the lower atmosphere.

It flatly contradicted the surface measurements. Earlier this month, the

U.S. Climate Change Science Program announced that a re-analysis of the

data resolved most of the discrepancy. Anomaly gone. Arch-skeptic Fred

Singer says there's still some inconsistency, but the advocates of the

consensus view of global warming feel vindicated. ("Game over," one

environmentalist told The Washington Post.)

Scientists are argumentative by nature. They're supposed to be. They're

supposed to attempt to disprove the hypotheses and claims of their

fellow scientists. Theories are hazed unmercifully. And when they emerge

from that trial-by-skepticism, they are all the more respected.

Certain skeptics -- really, they're optimists -- have scored debate

points by noting that prophesies of doom have often slammed into a wall

of human resourcefulness. But you can't solve a problem if you spend

decades failing to perceive it. Humans adapt best when worried.

Or at least not in denial.

Back in Orlando

Climate change is generating headlines almost daily -- (e.g., "Peril to

Walrus Young Seen As Result of Melting Ice Shelf") -- but it is also

abstruse in its specifics, so journalists rely on "experts" to tell them

where the truth lies. Someone like Bill Gray seems to be a fully

credentialed authority figure. But when you press him on his theory of

how thermohaline circulation has caused recent warming of the planet and

will soon cause cooling, he concedes that he hasn't published the idea

in any peer-reviewed journal. He's working on it, he says.

The Web site Real Climate, run by a loose group of climate scientists,

recently published a detailed refutation of Gray's theory, saying his

claims about the ocean circulation lack evidence. The Web site

criticized Gray for not adapting to the modern era of meteorology,

"which demands hypotheses soundly grounded in quantitative and

consistent physical formulations, not seat-of-the-pants flying."

The field has fully embraced numerical modeling, and Gray is

increasingly on the fringe. His cranky skepticism has become a tired act

among younger scientists. "It's sad," says Emanuel, who has vowed never

again to debate Gray in public.

When I ask Gray who his intellectual soul mates are regarding global

warming, he responds, "I have nobody really to talk to about this

stuff."

That's not entirely true. He has many friends and colleagues, and the meteorologists tend to share his skeptical streak.

I ask if he has ever collaborated on a paper with Richard Lindzen. Gray says he hasn't. He looks a little pained.

"Lindzen, he's a hard guy to deal with," Gray says. "He doesn't think he can learn anything from me."

Which is correct. Lindzen says of Gray: "His knowledge of theory is

frustratingly poor, but he knows more about hurricanes than anyone in

the world. I regard him in his own peculiar way as a national resource."

In Orlando, the national resource has the honor of closing the hurricane

conference with a speech. He and Klotzbach go through their usual

routine. Gray talks of global warming foolishness, untrusty numerical

models, underappreciated ocean circulation, overly dramatized CO2

increases, the crazy complexity of the weather.

"It becomes an absolute can of worms!"

He seems to be running out of steam just a little bit. He's given so

many interviews, he might have lost a little velocity on his fastball.

But everyone claps at the end. He throws in a final few words:

"Don't believe everything you read in the paper! This whole business about global warming --"

But he steps from the mike, and his final words are inaudible.

In 20 years, he likes to say, the world will have cooled, and everyone

will know he was right all along. When that happens, he says, he hopes

someone will put flowers on his grave.

Adapting to Uncertainty

Let us say a word in praise of uncertainty. It is a concession to an

interesting and complicated planet that is full of surprises. The fog of

uncertainty surrounding climate change is routinely cited as a reason

to wait before making cuts in greenhouse emissions. But if we wait for

that fog to break, we'll wait forever.

Isaac Held, the NOAA climate modeler, is the first to admit that the

models aren't perfect. "Clouds are hard," he says. The models on his

computer screen are incomprehensible to the untrained eye. But Held

argues that the models are conservative. For global warming to be less

of a problem than is currently anticipated, all the uncertainties would

have to break, preferentially, toward the benign side of things.

Moreover, we don't even know all the things that we don't know. James

Hansen, the prominent NASA scientist, points out that the models don't

realistically include ice sheets and the biosphere -- all the plants and

animals on Earth. The global climate surely has more surprises for us.

"Our models were not predicting the ozone hole in 1980 when it was

discovered," Held says. Scientists are haunted by the realization that

if CFCs had been made with a slightly different type of chemistry,

they'd have destroyed much of the ozone layer over the entire planet.

Hansen thinks we have less than 10 years to make drastic cuts in

greenhouse emissions, lest we reach a "tipping point" at which the

climate will be out of our control. Hansen may be a step ahead of the

consensus -- but that doesn't mean he's wrong. In the brutally hot

summer of 1988, Hansen testified before Congress that the signal of

global warming could already be detected amid the noise of natural

climate variation. Many of his colleagues scoffed. They thought he'd

gotten ahead of the hard data. Judy Curry, a Georgia Tech climate

scientist, says: "I thought he was playing politics. But, damn it, he

was right."

Curry, who believes the skeptics have mounted a "brilliant

disinformation campaign," thinks climate change is being held to a

different standard than other societal threats. The skeptics want every

uncertainty nailed down before any action is taken.

"Why is that standard being applied to greenhouse warming and not to

other risks, like terrorism or military risks or avian flu?" she asks.

Mainstream climate scientists readily accept that there is natural

variation in the system. For example, greenhouse gases alone can't melt

the Arctic at the alarming rate that has been observed recently.

Americans sorting through this issue may feel constrained by all the

unknowns. Perhaps they need to adapt to uncertainty, to see uncertainty

as the norm, and not as a sign of scientific failure.

Or as an excuse to do nothing.

Our Friend CO2

Ten years ago, Fred Smith says, the Competitive Enterprise Institute had

contributions from companies across the board in the petroleum

industry. It still gets money from Exxon Mobil, the biggest and most

hard-line oil company on the climate change issue, but many of its

donors have stopped sending checks.

"They've joined the club."

The club of believers in global warming.

The executives don't understand "resource economics." They lack faith in

the free market to solve these issues. And they go to cocktail parties

and find out that everyone thinks they're criminals.

"Or their kids come home from school and say, 'Daddy, why are you killing the planet?'"

Smith never sounds morose, though. He's peppy. He thinks his side is

still winning the debate. Look at the polls: Americans don't care about

global warming.

He'd like to get people believing once again in good old-fashioned

industrial activity. CEI has created a new public-service TV spot. Smith

and several colleagues gather round as we watch it on a computer

monitor. The ad begins with images of people picnicking in Central Park

on a beautiful day. A child is shown blowing the seeds of a dandelion. A

woman's voice, confident, reassuring, says that all these people are

creating something that's all around us:

"It's called carbon dioxide," she says, "CO2."

There's an image of an impoverished woman hacking the ground with a hand tool.

"The fuels that produce CO2 have freed us from a life of backbreaking labor."

We see kids jumping out of a minivan. There are politicians out there

who want to label CO2 as a pollutant, the narrator says. We return to

the child blowing the dandelion seeds.

"Carbon dioxide: They call it pollution. We call it life."

End of ad.

"It should always bring a tear to your eye," Fred Smith says, delighted.

Joel Achenbach is a Magazine staff writer. He will be fielding

questions and comments about this article at 11 a.m. Tuesday at

washingtonpost.com/liveonline.may 2006 wapo

</div>==
grab 12/16
GlobalWarming.org is a project of the Cooler Heads Coalition,

formerly a sub-group of the National Consumer Coalition,

but now run as an informal and ad-hoc group focused on dispelling the

myths of global warming by exposing flawed economic,

scientific, and risk analysis. Coalition members will

also follow the progress of the international Global

Climate Change Treaty negotiations.

This website is paid for and maintained by the <a href="http://www.cei.org">Competitive Enterprise Institute</a>.

<hr />

<h3>The History of the Cooler Heads Coalition</h3>

The <a href="http://www.consumeralert.org/ncc/index.htm" target="_blank">National Consumer Coalition</a>

was formed by Consumer Alert in late 1996 as an

on-going coalition of market-oriented national and state-level

       policy and activist groups, which focus on consumer issues in the
                 policy arena.</span> NCC’s                 issue work was done

by its sub-groups of which Cooler Heads was one. Each sub-group focuses

on a specific issue, such as internet privacy, global

climate change, and health care, and includes experts

from the member organizations who study that issue. Since then,

Consumer Alert and the NCC have ceased operation, but the Cooler Heads

Coalition has remained and continues its mission.

<h3>Members</h3>==nyt on trans team: mug-shot posters, <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/projects/cp/climate/2015-paris-climate-talks/a-stunt-by-environmental-activists-targets-climate-skeptics">pasted</a>

on walls and lampposts around Paris by an activist group during the

United Nations climate talks last year, [montreal? horner and ebell boast about them, on freaking CV?] were hardly flattering. They

depicted Myron Ebell, a climate contrarian, as one of seven “climate

criminals” wanted for “destroying our future.”But in his customary mild-mannered way, Mr. Ebell, who directs environmental and energy policy at the <a href="https://cei.org/">Competitive Enterprise Institute</a>, a libertarian advocacy group in Washington, brushed it off.“I’ve gotten used to this over the years,” he <a href="https://youtu.be/WoFkzdKaj_M">told an interviewer</a> at the talks. “But I did go out and get my photo taken with my poster, just so I have it as a memento.”In looking for someone to follow through on his campaign vow to dismantle one of the Obama administration’s signature <a href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/science/topics/globalwarming/index.html?inline=nyt-classifier" title="Recent and archival news about global warming." class="meta-classifier">climate change</a> policies, President-elect <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/topic/person/donald-trump?inline=nyt-per" title="More articles about Donald J. Trump." class="meta-per">Donald J. Trump</a> probably could not have found a better candidate for the job than Mr. Ebell. Mr.

Ebell, who revels in taking on the scientific consensus on global

warming, will be Mr. Trump’s lead agent in choosing personnel and

setting the direction of the federal agencies that address climate

change and environmental policy more broadly.Mr.

Ebell, whose organization is financed in part by the coal industry, has

been one of the most vocal opponents of the linchpin of that policy,

the Clean Power Plan. Developed by the <a href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/organizations/e/environmental_protection_agency/index.html?inline=nyt-org" title="More articles about the Environmental Protection Agency." class="meta-org">Environmental Protection Agency</a>, <a href="https://www.epa.gov/cleanpowerplan/clean-power-plan-existing-power-plants">the plan</a>

is a far-reaching set of regulations that, by seeking to reduce carbon

emissions from electricity generation, could result in the closing of

many coal-burning power plants, among other effects.Mr.

Ebell has said that the plan, which has been tied up in the courts

since it was finalized in 2015, is illegal. In the interview in Paris

last year, he said he hoped whoever was elected president would “undo

the E.P.A. power plant regs and some of the other regs that are very

harmful to our economy.”

As

the person Mr. Trump has chosen to lead the transition at the E.P.A.,

Mr. Ebell, 63, will be in a position to begin to do just that.Mr.

Ebell, who did not respond to a request for an interview, grew up on a

ranch in Oregon. He got his undergraduate degree at Colorado College and

master’s at the London School of Economics, where he studied under the

conservative political philosopher Michael Oakeshott. He has described

himself as “sort of a contrarian by nature and upbringing,” and has said

he was very strongly influenced by the “question authority” ethos of

1960s and ’70s counterculture

“I

really think that people should be suspicious of authority,” he told an

interviewer last year. “The more you’re told that you have to believe

something, the more you should question it.”SAYS THE FREAKING CORP SHILL?!]Mr. Ebell leads the <a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/about/">Cooler Heads Coalition</a>,

a loose-knit group that says it is “focused on dispelling the myths of

global warming by exposing flawed economic, scientific, and risk

analysis.” He has been one of the nation’s most visible climate

contrarians, known for dispensing memorable sound bites on cable news

shows and at events like the annual conferences sponsored by the

Heartland Institute, a Chicago-based group that rejects the overwhelming

scientific consensus on climate change.=ref, just rebranded cei cee blog:<a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/about/">http://www.globalwarming.org/about/</a>

seems to be back under cei control: [WHEN WAS IT NOT? BY?---may digest sample :AnnouncementsRegistration is now open for theHeartland Institute’s 9th International Conference on Climate Change, July 7-9, at the Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino in Las Vegas. Click here to learn more.In the NewsObama’s Climate Change Diversion Frank Beckmann, Detroit News, 9 May 2014Confessions of a “Lukewarmist” Christopher Snow Hopkins, National Journal, 8 May 2014 National Climate Assessment Report Raises False Alarm Paul C. Knappenberger, Washington Times, 7 May 2014 Bird Vaporization at Ivanpah: Solar Enters Wind Territory Wayne Lusvardi, Master Resource, 7 May 2014Oil’s Bright Future Robert Bryce, Bloomberg View, 7 May 2014 Has Global Warming Made Heat Waves Deadlier in Sweden? Marlo Lewis, GlobalWarming.org, 6 May 2014The “Cure” for Climate Change Is Far Worse than the Disease Nicolas Loris, The Foundry, 6 May 2014Video: Charles Krauthammer Calls Obama’s Climate Policy “Economic Suicide, Global Do-Goodism” National Review Online, 6 May 2014News You Can UseDefense Department’s Big Biofuel Bill The Department of Defense (DOD) paid $150 per gallon for 1,500 gallons of alternative jet fuel made from algae, more than 64 times the current market price for standard carbon-based fuels, according to a Government Accountability Office report released on Wednesday....Inside the BeltwayMyron EbellEPA’s Scandals Go Far Beyond PornThe House Oversight and Government Reform Committee held a hearing this week at which it was revealed that one senior civil servant at the Environmental Protection Agency spent much of his office time watching pornography over the internet. The career employee admitted to the EPA’s Inspector General’s Office (OIG) that he spent two to six hours a day watching porn videos. This included four straight hours at a site called, Sadism Is Beautiful, according to news reports....Committee Chairman Darrell Issa (R-Calif.) asked the EPA officials testifying whether this conduct was illegal and whether the civil servant had been fired. Yes, it is illegal, but Deputy  Administrator Robert Perciasepe admitted that he had not been fired and confirmed that he was still being paid over $120,000 a year and in addition had received performance awards in cash. Deputy Assistant Inspector General Allan Williams also testified about other misconduct that has been revealed by the OIG’s wider investigation launched after the John Beale scandal came to light.For example, the director of the EPA’s Office of Administration, Renee Page, ran a retail business out of her office and had hired 17 family members over the years as paid interns. Page received a $35,000 Presidential Rank performance award. These are some of the juicy bits, but the really explosive testimony came from Deputy Inspector General Patrick Sullivan: The EPA OIG’s Office of Investigations is being impeded from fulfilling its responsibilities by actions of the EPA’s internal Office of Homeland Security (OHS), a unit within theOffice of the Administrator. OHS is overseen by Gwendolyn Keyes Fleming, who serves as Chief of Staff to Administrator Gina McCarthy. Sullivan continued in no uncertain terms: I would like to go on record today and state that, as the official in charge of internal investigations at the EPA, I am very concerned that vital information regarding suspected employee and contractor misconduct is being withheld from the OIG....---<ul class="sidebar_list" style="padding: 2.2em 1.1em 0px; margin: 0px; list-style: none;"><li class="widget widget_text" id="text-547645805" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 2.769em; width: 284px; line-height: 1.385em; text-transform: uppercase; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><h3 style="padding: 0px 0px 5px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-weight: normal; font-variant: small-caps; letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 1em; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"> ON THE WEB</h3><div class="textwidget" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><ul class="link-list" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style: none;"><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://cei.org/" style="padding: 0px; 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margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><img src="http://www.globalwarming.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/CLIP.jpg" alt="" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: none;" height="16" width="16" /> DRIVEINNOVATION.ORG</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.ceiondemand.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><img src="http://www.globalwarming.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/icon-video.png" alt="" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: none;" height="16" width="16" /> CEI ON DEMAND VIDEO</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.libertyweek.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><img src="http://www.globalwarming.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/icon-podcast.png" alt="" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: none;" height="16" width="16" /> LIBERTY WEEK PODCAST</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="widget widget_text" id="text-547645806" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 2.769em; width: 284px; line-height: 1.385em; text-transform: uppercase;"><h3 style="padding: 0px 0px 5px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-weight: normal; font-variant: small-caps; letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 1em; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">CONTRIBUTORS</h3><div class="textwidget" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;">EDITOR</li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/author/wyeatman/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">WILLIAM YEATMAN</a></li></ul><ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style: none;"><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">CONTRIBUTORS</li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/author/mebell/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">MYRON EBELL</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/author/marlo-lewis/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">MARLO LEWIS</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/author/chorner/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">CHRIS HORNER</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="http://www.globalwarming.org/author/brian-mcgraw/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">BRIAN MCGRAW</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="widget widget_links" id="linkcat-636" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 2.769em; width: 284px; line-height: 1.385em; text-transform: uppercase; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><h3 style="padding: 0px 0px 5px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-weight: normal; font-variant: small-caps; letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 1em; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">COOLER HEADS COALITION</h3><ul class="xoxo blogroll" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style: none;"><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.60plus.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">60 PLUS ASSOCIATION</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.conservative.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">AMERICAN CONSERVATIVE UNION</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.americanenergyalliance.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">AMERICAN ENERGY ALLIANCE</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.alec.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">AMERICAN LEGISLATIVE EXCHANGE COUNCIL</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://americanpolicy.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">AMERICAN POLICY CENTER</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.americansforprosperity.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">AMERICANS FOR PROSPERITY</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.atr.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">AMERICANS FOR TAX REFORM</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.cfact.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">COMMITTEE FOR A CONSTRUCTIVE TOMORROW</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://cei.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">COMPETITIVE ENTERPRISE INSTITUTE</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.cagw.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">COUNCIL FOR CITIZENS AGAINST GOVERNMENT WASTE</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.eagleforum.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">EAGLE FORUM</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.fraserinstitute.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">FRASER INSTITUTE, CANADA</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://freedomaction.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">FREEDOM ACTION</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.freedomworks.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">FREEDOMWORKS</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.ff.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">FRONTIERS OF FREEDOM</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.marshall.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">GEORGE C. MARSHALL INSTITUTE</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.heartland.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">HEARTLAND INSTITUTE</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.independent.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">INDEPENDENT INSTITUTE</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.brunoleoni.it/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">ISTITUTO BRUNO LEONI, ITALY</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.johnlocke.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">JOHN LOCKE FOUNDATION</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://junkscience.com/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">JUNKSCIENCE.COM</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.lavoisier.com.au/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">LAVOISIER GROUP, AUSTRALIA</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.libertyindia.org/about.htm" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">LIBERTY INSTITUTE, INDIA</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.ncpa.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">NATIONAL CENTER FOR POLICY ANALYSIS</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.nationalcenter.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">NATIONAL CENTER FOR PUBLIC POLICY RESEARCH</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.pacificresearch.org/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">PACIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE</a></li><li style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.692em;"><a href="http://www.sbecouncil.org/home/index.cfm" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">SMALL BUSINESS AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP COUNCIL</a> <a href="http://www.taxpayersalliance.com/" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none;">TAXPAYERS’ ALLIANCE, UK</a></li></ul></li></ul>=swCooler Heads Coalition and its website, <a class="external text" rel="nofollow" title="http://www.globalwarming.org/index.php" href="http://www.globalwarming.org/index.php">globalwarming.org</a>, were revived by <a title="Consumer Alert" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Consumer_Alert">Consumer Alert</a>'s <a title="National Consumer Coalition" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Consumer_Coalition">National Consumer Coalition</a> in April 2004. The website and group were formed in May 6, 1997, "to dispel the myths of <a title="Global warming" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Global_warming">global warming</a> by exposing flawed economic, scientific and risk analysis." <a title="Consumer Alert" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Consumer_Alert">Consumer Alert</a> and <a title="National Consumer Coalition" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Consumer_Coalition">National Consumer Coalition</a> are industry friendly groups that oppose regulations on industry and advocate "<a class="mw-redirect" title="Free market" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Free_market">free market</a>" consumer solutions.

According to its relaunch press release, "The new web site contains a searchable archive of the Cooler Heads Newsletter, dating back to 1996, and offers users the chance to subscribe to the newsletter. This bi-weekly publication analyzes climate change news and events through scientific, economic and political perspectives." <a class="external autonumber" rel="nofollow" title="http://www.boston.com/dailynews/096/wash/Global_Warming_Web_Site_OfferP.shtml" href="http://www.boston.com/dailynews/096/wash/Global_Warming_Web_Site_OfferP.shtml">[1]</a>

Its website states: "The risks of global warming are speculative; the risks of global warming policies are all too real." <a class="external autonumber" rel="nofollow" title="http://www.globalwarming.org/article.php?uid=562" href="http://www.globalwarming.org/article.php?uid=562">[2]</a>

Orginally the group was closely tied to the <a title="Competitive Enterprise Institute" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Competitive_Enterprise_Institute">Competitive Enterprise Institute</a>, and still features many of its industry-friendly analyses of ecological issues. Former CEI director <a title="Marlo Lewis" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Marlo_Lewis">Marlo Lewis</a> chaired the Cooler Heads Coaltion. <a title="Myron Ebell" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Myron_Ebell">Myron Ebell</a>, CEI's Director of Global Warming and International Environmental Policy, directed it. In March 2001, the nonprofit <a class="new" title="Clean Air Trust (page does not exist)" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Clean_Air_Trust&action=edit&redlink=1">Clean Air Trust</a> named Ebell its "clean air villain of the month," citing his "ferocious lobbying charge to persuade President Bush to reverse his campaign pledge to control electric utility emissions of carbon dioxide."

<h2>Members</h2>

<ul>

<li><a title="60 Plus Association" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=60_Plus_Association">60 Plus Association</a></li>

<li><a title="Alexis de Tocqueville Institution" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Alexis_de_Tocqueville_Institution">Alexis de Tocqueville Institution</a></li>

<li><a title="American Conservative Union" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Conservative_Union">American Conservative Union</a></li>

<li><a class="new" title="American Highway Users Alliance (page does not exist)" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Highway_Users_Alliance&action=edit&redlink=1">American Highway Users Alliance</a></li>

<li><a title="American Legislative Exchange Council" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Legislative_Exchange_Council">American Legislative Exchange Council</a></li>

<li><a title="American Policy Center" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Policy_Center">American Policy Center</a></li>

<li><a class="new" title="Americans for Sovereignty (page does not exist)" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Americans_for_Sovereignty&action=edit&redlink=1">Americans for Sovereignty</a></li>

<li><a class="new" title="Americans for the Preservation of Liberty (page does not exist)" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Americans_for_the_Preservation_of_Liberty&action=edit&redlink=1">Americans for the Preservation of Liberty</a></li>

<li><a title="Americans for Tax Reform" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Americans_for_Tax_Reform">Americans for Tax Reform</a></li>

<li><a class="new" title="Association of Concerned Taxpayers (page does not exist)" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Association_of_Concerned_Taxpayers&action=edit&redlink=1">Association of Concerned Taxpayers</a></li>

<li><a title="Center for Science and Public Policy" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Center_for_Science_and_Public_Policy">Center for Science and Public Policy</a> of <a title="Frontiers of Freedom" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Frontiers_of_Freedom">Frontiers of Freedom</a></li>

<li><a title="Center for Security Policy" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Center_for_Security_Policy">Center for Security Policy</a></li>

<li><a title="Center for the Defense of Free Enterprise" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Center_for_the_Defense_of_Free_Enterprise">Center for the Defense of Free Enterprise</a></li>

<li><a title="Christian Coalition of America" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Christian_Coalition_of_America">Christian Coalition of America</a></li>

<li><a title="Citizens' Alliance for Responsible Energy" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Citizens%27_Alliance_for_Responsible_Energy">Citizens' Alliance for Responsible Energy</a> (New Mexico)</li>

<li><a title="Citizens for a Sound Economy" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Citizens_for_a_Sound_Economy">Citizens for a Sound Economy</a></li>

<li><a class="new" title="Coalitions for America (page does not exist)" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Coalitions_for_America&action=edit&redlink=1">Coalitions for America</a></li>

<li><a title="Committee for a Constructive Tomorrow" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Committee_for_a_Constructive_Tomorrow">Committee for a Constructive Tomorrow</a></li>

<li><a title="Competitive Enterprise Institute" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Competitive_Enterprise_Institute">Competitive Enterprise Institute</a></li>

<li><a title="Consumer Alert" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Consumer_Alert">Consumer Alert</a></li>

<li><a class="new" title="Council for America (page does not exist)" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Council_for_America&action=edit&redlink=1">Council for America</a></li>

<li><a title="Defenders of Property Rights" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Defenders_of_Property_Rights">Defenders of Property Rights</a></li>

<li><a class="new" title="English First (page does not exist)" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=English_First&action=edit&redlink=1">English First</a></li>

<li><a title="FreedomWorks" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=FreedomWorks">FreedomWorks</a></li>

<li><a title="Frontiers of Freedom" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Frontiers_of_Freedom">Frontiers of Freedom</a></li>

<li><a title="George C. Marshall Institute" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=George_C._Marshall_Institute">George C. Marshall Institute</a></li>

<li><a title="Heritage Foundation" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Heritage_Foundation">Heritage Foundation</a></li>

<li><a title="Maine Heritage Policy Center" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Maine_Heritage_Policy_Center">Maine Heritage Policy Center</a></li>

<li><a class="new" title="Maryland Taxpayers Association, Inc. (page does not exist)" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Maryland_Taxpayers_Association,_Inc.&action=edit&redlink=1">Maryland Taxpayers Association, Inc.</a></li>

<li><a title="National Center for Policy Analysis" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Center_for_Policy_Analysis">National Center for Policy Analysis</a></li>

<li><a title="National Center for Public Policy Research" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Center_for_Public_Policy_Research">National Center for Public Policy Research</a></li>

<li><a title="National Taxpayers Union" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Taxpayers_Union">National Taxpayers Union</a></li>

<li><a title="Pacific Research Institute" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Pacific_Research_Institute">Pacific Research Institute</a></li>

<li><a title="Population Research Institute" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Population_Research_Institute">Population Research Institute</a></li>

<li><a class="new" title="Rhode Island Wiseuse (page does not exist)" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Rhode_Island_Wiseuse&action=edit&redlink=1">Rhode Island Wiseuse</a></li>

<li><a title="Rio Grande Foundation" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Rio_Grande_Foundation">Rio Grande Foundation</a> (New Mexico)</li>

<li><a class="mw-redirect" title="Seniors Coalition" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Seniors_Coalition">Seniors Coalition</a></li>

<li><a title="Small Business Survival Committee" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Small_Business_Survival_Committee">Small Business Survival Committee</a></li>

<li><a title="The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=The_Advancement_of_Sound_Science_Coalition">The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition</a></li>

<li><a class="mw-redirect" title="The Independent Institute" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=The_Independent_Institute">The Independent Institute</a></li>

<li><a class="new" title="Tradition, Family, Property, Inc. (page does not exist)" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Tradition,Family,Property,_Inc.&action=edit&redlink=1">Tradition, Family, Property, Inc.</a></li>

</ul>

<h2>Contact information</h2>

The Cooler Heads Coalition

c/o Consumer Alert

1001 Connecticut Avenue, N.W.

Suite 1128

Washington, D.C. 22036

Telephone: (202)467-5809 begin_of_the_skype_highlighting              (202)467-5809      end_of_the_skype_highlighting

Fax: (202)467-5814

Web: <a class="external free" rel="nofollow" title="http://www.globalwarming.org/index.php" href="http://www.globalwarming.org/index.php">http://www.globalwarming.org/index.php</a>

<h2>External links</h2>

<ul>

<li>FreedomWorks, "<a class="external text" rel="nofollow" title="http://www.freedomworks.org/informed/issues_template.php?issue_id=2287" href="http://www.freedomworks.org/informed/issues_template.php?issue_id=2287">Cooler HeadsCoalition: A Joint Letter to the U. S. Senate on Global Warming Amendments to the Energy Bill</a>," June 21, 2005.</li>

<li>"<a class="external text" rel="nofollow" title="http://www.nonprofitwatch.org/edf/ncppr.php" href="http://www.nonprofitwatch.org/edf/ncppr.php">Testimony of David A. Ridenour</a>", Appearing before the House Subcommittee on National Economic Growth, Natural Resources and Regulatory Affairs on Early Action Crediting, July 15, 1999. (<a class="new" title="David A. Ridenour (page does not exist)" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=David_A._Ridenour&action=edit&redlink=1">David A. Ridenour</a>, the Vice President of The <a title="National Center for Public Policy Research" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Center_for_Public_Policy_Research">National Center for Public Policy Research</a> was also representing the Cooler Heads Coalition).</li>

<li>Joel Achenbach, "<a class="external text" rel="nofollow" title="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/05/23/AR2006052301305.html" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/05/23/AR2006052301305.html">The Tempest:</a> As evidence mounts that humans are causing dangerous changes in Earth's climate, a handful of skeptics are providing some serious blowback", The Washington Post Magazine, May 28, 2006.</li>

</ul>

<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Cooler_Heads_Coalition">http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Cooler_Heads_Coalition</a>

===MASHEY?

CHC – Cooler Heads Coalition (O5b) ($ likely, indirect)

www.globalwarming.org lists Authors

www.globalwarming.org/about lists current members, most of which are advocacy organizations.

www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Cooler_Heads_Coalition

cei.org/gencon/014,03358.cfm

www.freedomworks.org/publications/cooler-heads-coalition

Activities: A.HOCKX

Organizations: CEI; (members) AdTI, ALEC, ATR, CFACT, FF/CSPP, Fraser, FreeWork, GMI,

Heartland, Heritage, junkscience.com (TASSC via Milloy), Lavoiser, NCPA, PRI, SPPI (essentially,

via Ferguson move), TII … shown horizontally in Table A.6.2.1.

People: Ebell, Horner, M.Lewis; (authors) D’Aleo, Fran.Smith, Georgia,

The CHC has been generally been run by CEI people, and the website paid for by them. Funding is

especially obscure, but some can be inferred from that of member organizations, thus indirectly from family

foundations and ExxonMobil. It might also be funded through CEI, with other organizations doing little

but adding their names Sometimes people gave affiliations as CEI, other times CHC. CHC has a more

complex history than coverable her. Sourcewatch seems to list all entities that have ever been members.

10/11/01 CHC sponsored McKitrick at US Congress.

www.uoguelph.ca/_{rmckitri/research/co2briefing.pdf}

02/27/03 CHC sponsored McKitrick at Senate Everett Dirksen Building., email mebell AT cei.org

cei.org/gencon/014,03358.cfm

$1,000s 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Totals

Exxon-MMAN 35 35 72 125 90 70 40 432

Foundations 50 50 100 125 200 150 80 160 180 300 1070

Unknown 96 157 123 322 417 604 1719

Revenue 331 379 328 572 667 944 1498 3221

ExxonMobil-% 11% 19% 38% 16% 10% 4% 13%

Foundations % 60% 40% 24% 28% 27% 32% 33%

Unknown % 29% 41% 38% 56% 63% 64% 53%

Crescendo to ClimateGate Cacophony V1.0 03/15/10

11/18/03 CEI//CHC (Ebell) cosponsored a visit from M&M, introduced McIntyre to GMI.

<a href="http://www.marshall.org/pdf/materials/188.pdf">www.marshall.org/pdf/materials/188.pdf</a>

Ebell: ―As you probably all know, we have done a lot of these. I think this is one o f the most interesting ones,

because I think we are just at the beginning of what I think will be a ma jor controversy.‖

McIntyre: “My name is Steve McIntyre. I‘d like to express my appreciation to Marshall Institute and CEI for

paying my expenses down here.‖

Inhofe lawyer Hogan showed surprising interest in tree-ring statistics:

―Question: Aloysius Hogan. I have heard questioning of the statistical and methodological practices associated

with a number of papers and I would like to get an opinion from you both about the level of statistical and

methodological analysis among normal peers. Are the people who are doing the peer review really qualified in

those areas as statisticians or they are just educated laymen?

McKitrick: Now are you talking about the journal peer review or the IPCC review process?

Question: I am talking about the peer review for four or five different cases‖

02/10/05 GMI/CEI held panel: Inhofe (EPW), Ebell, O’Keefe, Horner, Andrew Wheeler (EPW).

<a href="http://www.marshall.org/pdf/materials/300.pdf">www.marshall.org/pdf/materials/300.pdf</a>

―The Senator will present four short speeches questioning the four pillars on which the alarmist view of climate

change is based: the 2001 National Academy of Sciences report, the IPCC‘s reliance on Michael Mann‘s

discredited ―hockey stick‖ model, the Arctic climate impact assessment report, and the flawed data produced by

climate models.‖

05/11/05 GMI/CEI/CHC Cosponsored M&M again.

www.marshall.org/pdf/materials/316.pdf [GMI2005a]

06/21/05 CHC/FreeWork [freedomworks?]sent letter to US Senate, including Fred.Smith, Ebell, Ferguson, others.

Cooler Heads Coalition

Attachments