Zinn

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You may have heard the phrase "big man history." Suppose you grew up in the United States. In that case, you might have learned that "Lincoln Freed the slaves" or that the "Robber Barons"— Andrew Carnegie, Cornelius Vanderbilt, Pierpont Morgan, Jacob Schiff, and John D. Rockefeller— built the United States.Consider that enslaved people freed themselves. Workers, enslaved, low-wage, often immigrants, many women and children, built America. The myth that politicians or capitalists are the only people that make history and the rest of us have to live with the consequences of their decisions is one awful, violent, and true dynamic in the world. The decisions of wealthy people, their networks, and corporations make laws and policies affecting tens of millions of people.<div class="boing-primis-video-in-article-content" id="boing-70189159" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><div id="boingboingarticleFreeStarVideoAdContainer"><div id="freestar-video-parent"><div id="freestar-video-child" /></div></div></div>At the same time, everyday non-elites also make history, and in doing so, they also affect the lives of tens of millions of people. Yet, those stories are often less known.Marcus Rediker, a humble and widely respected historian of Atlantic History at the University of Pittsburgh and author of numerous prize-winning books, as well as co-author with Peter Linebaugh of one of the quintessential examples of history from below, The Many Headed-Hydra, translated into<a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="http://www.feltrinellieditore.it/SchedaLibro?id_volume=5000327" target="blank" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">Italian</a>, <a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://www.amazon.com/Many-Headed-Hydra-Korea-Marcus-Rediker/dp/B017XFFLZS" target="blank" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">Korean</a>, <a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="http://www.amazon.fr/Lhydre-aux-mille-t%C3%AAtes-r%C3%A9volutionnaire/dp/2354800363/ref=sr_1_3?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1282008942&sr=1-3" target="blank" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">French</a>, <a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="http://www.companhiadasletras.com.br/detalhe.php?codigo=11803" target="blank" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">Portuguese</a><a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="http://www.amazon.de/Die-vielk%C3%B6pfige-Hydra-verborgene-revolution%C3%A4ren/dp/3935936656/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1282009026&sr=1-1" target="blank" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">,</a> <a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="http://www.amazon.de/Die-vielk%C3%B6pfige-Hydra-verborgene-revolution%C3%A4ren/dp/3935936656/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1282009026&sr=1-1" target="blank" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">German</a>, <a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="http://www.planetadelibros.com/la-hidra-de-la-revolucion-libro-16404.html" target="blank" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">Spanish</a>, and published in a different edition in the UK, has put together this insightful and inciteful resource on histories from below. But first, what is history from below?<div class="boing-primis-video-in-lower-part-of-article" id="boing-873601418" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><div id="boingboingarticleFreeStarVideoAdContainer"><div id="freestar-video-parent"><div id="freestar-video-child" /></div></div></div>Sometimes known as 'people's history' or 'radical history,' according to the <a href="https://www.history.ac.uk/makinghistory/themes/history_from_below.html" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">Institute of Historical Research</a>, history from below is history that: "seeks to take as its subjects ordinary people, and concentrates on their experiences and perspectives, contrasting itself with the stereotype of traditional political history and its focus on the actions of 'great men.' It also differed from traditional labor history in that its exponents were more interested in popular protest and culture than in the organisations of the working class."C.L.R. James, <a href="https://politicaleducation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/CLR_James_The_Black_Jacobins.pdf" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">Black Jacobins</a>: Toussaint L'Ouverture and the San Domingo Revolution, Vintage, 1938.<a style="font-weight: 700;" />E.P. Thompson, <a href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/178147/the-making-of-the-english-working-class-by-e-p-thompson/" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">The Making of the English Working Class</a>, Vintage, 1963.Christopher Hill, <a href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/321708/the-world-turned-upside-down-by-christopher-hill/" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">The World Turned Upside Down</a>: Radical Ideas in the English Revolution, Penguin, 1972.<div class="boing-primis-video-in-lower-part-of-article" id="boing-1351256484" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><div id="boingboingarticleFreeStarVideoAdContainer"><div id="freestar-video-parent"><div id="freestar-video-child" /></div></div></div>Carlo Ginzburg, <a href="https://www.press.jhu.edu/books/title/10626/cheese-and-worms" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">The Cheese and the Worms</a>: The Cosmos of a Sixteenth-Century Miller, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1976.Joan Scott, <a href="http://cup.columbia.edu/book/gender-and-the-politics-of-history/9780231188012" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">Gender and the Politics of History</a>, Columbia University Press, 1988.Silvia Federici, <a href="https://www.akpress.org/calibanandthewitch.html" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">Caliban and the Witch</a>: Women, the Body and Primitive Accumulation, Autonomedia, 2004.Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz, <a href="https://www.zinnedproject.org/materials/indigenous-peoples-history-of-the-us/" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">An Indigenous Peoples' History of the United States</a>, Beacon Press, 2015.Peter Linebaugh and Marcus Rediker, The Many-Headed Hydra: Sailors, Slaves, Commoners, and the Hidden History of the Revolutionary Atlantic, Beacon Press, 2004.Marcus Rediker, <a href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/303380/the-amistad-rebellion-by-marcus-rediker/" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">The Amistad Rebellion</a>: An Atlantic Odyssey of Slavery and Freedom, Penguin, 2012.Julius Scott, <a href="https://www.versobooks.com/books/3158-the-common-wind" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">The Common Wind</a>: Afro-American Currents in the Age of the Haitian Revolution, Verso, 2018.=12 22 boing 1980, the historian Howard Zinn published A People's History of the United States, a narrative that centers on everyday people's lives. It is a history from the bottom up, a <a href="https://www.historyworkshop.org.uk/history-from-below-a-reading-list-with-marcus-rediker/" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">history from below</a>, that has inspired numerous tomes on People's history themes, while also being <a href="https://www.marshall.edu/library/bannedbooks/a-peoples-history-of-the-united-states/" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">banned</a> from curriculums.As the <a href="https://www.zinnedproject.org/materials/peoples-history-of-the-united-states" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">Zinn Education Project</a> explains,<div class="boing-primis-video-in-article-content" id="boing-1583393786" style=""><div id="boingboingarticleFreeStarVideoAdContainer"><div id="freestar-video-parent"><div id="freestar-video-child"><blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="padding-left: 12px; margin: 25px 15px 25px 24px; border-left: 4px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word;">"As historian Howard Zinn shows, many of our country's greatest battles — the fights for a fair wage, an eight-hour workday, child-labor laws, health and safety standards, universal suffrage, women's rights, racial equality — were carried out at the grassroots level, against bloody resistance. Covering Christopher Columbus's arrival through President Clinton's first term, A People's History of the United States features insightful analysis of the most important events in U.S. history."The <a href="https://www.zinnedproject.org/" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">Zinn Education Project</a> "promotes and supports the teaching of people's history in middle and high school classrooms across the country. Based on the lens of history highlighted in <a href="https://zinnedproject.org/about/howard-zinn/" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">Howard Zinn</a>'s best-selling book <a href="https://zinnedproject.org/materials/a-peoples-history-of-the-united-states-updated-and-expanded-edition/" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">A People's History of the United States</a>, the website offers free, downloadable lessons and articles organized by <a href="https://zinnedproject.org/teaching-materials/#filter_themes_top" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">theme</a>, <a href="https://zinnedproject.org/teaching-materials/#filter_period_top" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">time period</a>, and reading level."</blockquote>Zinn's book has inspired an entire series from the <a href="https://www.librarything.com/publisherseries/New+Press+People%27s+History" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">New Press</a> on "People's History," including titles like <a href="https://www.librarything.com/work/5380737" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">A People's History of Sports in the United States: 250 Years of Politics, Protest, People, and Play</a> by David Zirin; <a href="https://thenewpress.com/books/darker-nations" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World</a> by Vijar Prashad; and <a href="https://thenewpress.com/books/peoples-art-history-of-united-states" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">A People's Art History of the United States: 250 Years of Activist Art and Artists Working in Social Justice Movements</a>, by Nicolas Lampert. <a href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/237686/an-indigenous-peoples-history-of-the-united-states-by-roxanne-dunbar-ortiz/" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">An Indigenous Peoples' History of the United States</a> by Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz is published by Random House.<a href="https://www.plutobooks.com/pluto-series/peoples-history/" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">Pluto Press</a> also has a People's History series.<div class="boing-primis-video-in-lower-part-of-article" id="boing-1917110481" style=""><div id="boingboingarticleFreeStarVideoAdContainer"><div id="freestar-video-parent"><div id="freestar-video-child"><blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="padding-left: 12px; margin: 25px 15px 25px 24px; border-left: 4px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word;">"A people's history <a href="https://www.zinnedproject.org/why/" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">flips</a> the script. When we look at history from the standpoint of the workers and not just the owners, the soldiers and not just the generals, the invaded and not just the invaders, we can begin to see society more fully, more accurately. The more clearly we see the past, the more clearly we'll see the present — and be equipped to improve it."</blockquote>With a focus on Europe, some of the titles in the Pluto Press series include <a href="https://www.plutobooks.com/9780745339658/a-peoples-history-of-tennis/" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">A People's History of Tennis</a> by David Berry, <a href="https://www.plutobooks.com/9780745342139/a-peoples-history-of-catalonia/" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">A People's History of Catalonia</a> by Michael Eaude, and <a href="https://www.plutobooks.com/9780745338576/a-peoples-history-of-the-portuguese-revolution/" style="font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: none;">A People's History of the Portuguese Revolution</a> by Raquel Varela.=HNN...Trump's speech at his recent White House Conference on American History slandered both history teachers and historians whose writings foregrounded the role of racial and class conflict in American history. Without evidence, he accused teachers of promoting a "twisted web of lies in our schools," indoctrinating their students in a version of our nation's history that led them to hate America. This was, he claimed "a form of child abuse in the truest sense of those words." Referring to the mostly non-violent nationwide Black Lives Matter protests against racist police violence as "left-wing mobs" fomenting "violence and anarchy," Trump again without evidence charged that this "left wing rioting and mayhem are the direct result of decades of left wing indoctrination in our schools." The first source of this alleged indoctrination named by Trump was the late Howard Zinn, author of the best-selling A People's History of the United States (1980), whom he depicts not as a historian but as a propagandist: " Our children are instructed from propaganda tracts, like those of Howard Zinn, that try to make students ashamed of their own history."This presidential tirade against history teachers and Howard Zinn demonstrates Trump's ignorance of both. American history teachers in our nation's schools do not indoctrinate their students; they educate them via state mandated curricula and textbooks that are at least as respectful of the Founders of our republic as any mainstream politician, and promote democratic citizenship not mob violence. Howard Zinn's People's History of the United States is a work of history not propaganda. Zinn's book does stress the role of racial and class conflict and militarism in the American past, and so is considered too radical to be adopted as an official textbook by most school districts.Trump gets the reality of school history education completely backwards. Far from being radical or so provocative as to seed leftist mob violence, most history instruction is actually too conservative, so lacking in controversy that it too often leaves students bored. This is why innovative teachers bring Zinn's work into schools, aiming not to indoctrinate but to engage students in authentic historical thought via debates contrasting select chapters from Zinn's iconoclastic history with their official, conventional US history textbooks. There are in Howard Zinn's papers at NYU hundreds of letters from high school students and teachers attesting that history came to life in their classrooms when they used the competing interpretations offered by Zinn and their textbooks to argue about Columbus' bravery as an explorer vs. the brutality of his conquests, Andrew Jackson's democratic politics vs. his responsibility for the Trail of Tears, whether the Mexican American war was an unjust US war of aggression, whether the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was necessary to end World War II, and other important, thought provoking debates about American history.Trump's charge that Zinn makes students feel "ashamed" of their history is false. Zinn had no interest in fostering shame, but rather wrote his People's History to promote critical thinking, especially about class, racial, and gender inequality and war-making in America. Zinn sought to arouse in his readers a quality Trump is famed for lacking, empathy, for the oppressed. Or as Zinn put it, "in a world of conflict, a world of victims and executioners, it is the job of thinking people, as Albert Camus suggested, not to be on the side of the executioners." Zinn so admired people's protest movements in their struggles for a more just and democratic America that his People's History valorized those movements. In fact, the book offered dramatic accounts of Americans resisting oppression, a narrative that was at times inspiring, promoting not shame but pride in this ongoing and unfinished struggle for social justice.It is absurd to think that the president read Zinn's 688 page People's History before knocking it or that he would do so now to see how wrong he is about Zinn. But he could get to know Zinn better without reading a thing.Zinn's People's History inspired theater events and then a movie, The People Speak, in which famed actors such as Danny Glover, Marissa Tomei, Viggo Mortensen and many others read the words of great American dissenters, from Frederick Douglass to Emma Goldman, to Martin Luther King, Jr. This movie, when aired on the History Channel, attracted some nine million viewers, leaving reviewers impressed with the eloquence of America's radical social activists. Those speeches, and the protest music sung by Bob Dylan, Bruce Springsteen, Randy Newman, and John Legend fostered greater understanding of the role of dissent in the American past. Had this movie been screened at the White House Conference on American History, Trump's talk about Zinn making students feel ashamed of their history would have been refuted right before his eyes.Like Howard Zinn, the best history teachers recognize that if students are to be prepared for democratic citizenship, they must learn to think critically about the world, and confront the reality that, as James Baldwin put it, "American history is longer, larger, more various, more beautiful, and more terrible than anything anyone has ever said about it." Serious study of our nation's past involves understanding not only America's inspiring democratic ideals but its failures to live up to them, and studying the historical struggles on behalf of those ideals. This kind of a critical reckoning with historical reality is far more accurate, humane, and truer to our democratic faith than the flag waving, propagandistic version of the American past touted at the White House Conference on American history.Robert Cohen is a professor of social studies education and history at NYU, author of Howard Zinn's Southern Diary: Civil Rights, Sit-Ins, and Black Women's Student Activism, and coauthor with Sonia Murrow of Rethinking America's Past: Howard Zinn's People's History of the United States in the Classroom and Beyond (in press).<div class="around-the-web" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="from-your-siteheadline" style="text-transform: uppercase;">FROM YOUR SITE ARTICLES</div><ul class="around-the-weblist" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; width: 589.446px; list-style: none;"><li class="from-your-siteitem"><a href="https://www.alternet.org/2010/07/fbi_admits_investigating_howard_zinn_for_criticizing_bureau/" class="from-your-sitelink" target="blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s; line-height: normal; display: inline-block; margin-top: 10px;">FBI Admits Investigating Howard Zinn for Criticizing Bureau ... ›</a></li><li class="from-your-siteitem"><a href="https://www.alternet.org/2012/08/howard-zinn-turns-90-great-legacy-peoples-historian/" class="from-your-sitelink" target="blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s; line-height: normal; display: inline-block; margin-top: 10px;">Howard Zinn Turns 90: The Great Legacy of the People's Historian ... ›</a></li><li class="from-your-siteitem"><a href="https://www.alternet.org/2017/12/meet-man-staging-weekly-protest-trump-tower/" class="from-your-sitelink" target="blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s; line-height: normal; display: inline-block; margin-top: 10px;">Meet the Man Staging a Weekly Protest in Trump Tower - Alternet.org ›</a></li><li class="from-your-siteitem"><a href="https://www.alternet.org/2013/07/former-indiana-governor-attempted-censor-howard-zinn/" class="from-your-sitelink" target="blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s; line-height: normal; display: inline-block; margin-top: 10px;">University President in Indiana Tried to Censor Howard Zinn's ... ›</a></li><li class="from-your-siteitem"><a href="https://www.alternet.org/2020/09/trump-calls-howard-zinns-work-propaganda-hear-the-legendary-historian-in-his-own-words/" class="from-your-sitelink" target="blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s; line-height: normal; display: inline-block; margin-top: 10px;">Trump calls Howard Zinn's work 'propaganda' -- hear the legendary ... ›</a></li></ul><div class="around-the-webheadline" style="text-transform: uppercase; margin-top: 10px;">RELATED ARTICLES AROUND THE WEB</div><ul class="around-the-weblist" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; width: 589.446px; list-style: none;"><li class="around-the-webitem"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8_L7U0R0oSM" class="around-the-weblink" target="blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s; line-height: normal; display: inline-block; margin-top: 10px;">Trump Calls Howard Zinn's Work "Propaganda." 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</div><div>zinn makes kids ashamed /child abuse</div><div>
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</div><div>zinn makes kids ashamed /child abuse</div><div><a href="https://www.alternet.org/2020/09/heres-why-trump-and-his-supporters-are-so-threatened-by-critical-race-theory/">
</a></div><div><a href="https://www.alternet.org/2020/09/heres-why-trump-and-his-supporters-are-so-threatened-by-critical-race-theory/">https://www.alternet.org/2020/09/heres-why-trump-and-his-supporters-are-so-threatened-by-critical-race-theory/</a></div><div>
</div><div></div></div>summer fund drive 3 pm special show mitch JRadical history of the world
<div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Radical-History-World-Neil-Faulkner/dp/0745338046" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.amazon.com/Radical-History-World-Neil-Faulkner/dp/0745338046&ved=2ahUKEwjMmc6XitHjAhVMlKwKHeeDDgcQFjADegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer;" /><h3 class="LC20lb" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.33;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Radical-History-World-Neil-Faulkner/dp/0745338046" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.amazon.com/Radical-History-World-Neil-Faulkner/dp/0745338046&ved=2ahUKEwjMmc6XitHjAhVMlKwKHeeDDgcQFjADegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer;"></a><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Radical-History-World-Neil-Faulkner/dp/0745338046" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.amazon.com/Radical-History-World-Neil-Faulkner/dp/0745338046&ved=2ahUKEwjMmc6XitHjAhVMlKwKHeeDDgcQFjADegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer;"></a><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Radical-History-World-Neil-Faulkner/dp/0745338046" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.amazon.com/Radical-History-World-Neil-Faulkner/dp/0745338046&ved=2ahUKEwjMmc6XitHjAhVMlKwKHeeDDgcQFjADegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer;" /><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Radical-History-World-Neil-Faulkner/dp/0745338046" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.amazon.com/Radical-History-World-Neil-Faulkner/dp/0745338046&ved=2ahUKEwjMmc6XitHjAhVMlKwKHeeDDgcQFjADegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer;" /><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Radical-History-World-Neil-Faulkner/dp/0745338046" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.amazon.com/Radical-History-World-Neil-Faulkner/dp/0745338046&ved=2ahUKEwjMmc6XitHjAhVMlKwKHeeDDgcQFjADegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer;" /><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Radical-History-World-Neil-Faulkner/dp/0745338046" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.amazon.com/Radical-History-World-Neil-Faulkner/dp/0745338046&ved=2ahUKEwjMmc6XitHjAhVMlKwKHeeDDgcQFjADegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer;">A Radical History of the World: Neil Faulkner: 9780745338040 ...</a></h3>
<div class="TbwUpd" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.54; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px;"><cite class="iUh30" style="font-style: normal; padding-top: 1px; line-height: 1.43;">https://www.amazon.com/Radical-History-World-Neil-Faulkner/dp/0745338046</cite></div></div><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 1.54; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">A Radical History of the World and millions of other books are available for Amazon Kindle. ... A Radical History of the World Paperback – September 15, 2018. ... Neil Faulkner is a historian and archaeologist and the author of numerous books, including, most recently, A People’s History ...</div>this is normal url<a href="https://kpfa.org/episode/bookwaves-on-cover-to-cover-july-25-2019/">https://kpfa.org/episode/bookwaves-on-cover-to-cover-july-25-2019/</a><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/&ved=2ahUKEwjywc-ritHjAhUJOK0KHSRPD6EQFjAAegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer;" /><h3 class="LC20lb" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.33;"><a href="https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/&ved=2ahUKEwjywc-ritHjAhUJOK0KHSRPD6EQFjAAegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer;"></a><a href="https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/&ved=2ahUKEwjywc-ritHjAhUJOK0KHSRPD6EQFjAAegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer;"></a><a href="https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/&ved=2ahUKEwjywc-ritHjAhUJOK0KHSRPD6EQFjAAegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer;" /><a href="https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/&ved=2ahUKEwjywc-ritHjAhUJOK0KHSRPD6EQFjAAegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer;" /><a href="https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/&ved=2ahUKEwjywc-ritHjAhUJOK0KHSRPD6EQFjAAegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer;" /><a href="https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/&ved=2ahUKEwjywc-ritHjAhUJOK0KHSRPD6EQFjAAegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer;">Letters and Politics – KPFA</a></h3>
<div class="TbwUpd" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.54; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px;"><cite class="iUh30" style="font-style: normal; padding-top: 1px; line-height: 1.43;">https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/</cite></div><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="GHDvEf ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=mitch+jesserich+kpfa&oq=mitch+jesserich+kpfa&aqs=chrome..69i57.8023j0j9&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b0" aria-label="Result Options" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="2ahUKEwjywc-ritHjAhUJOK0KHSRPD6EQ7B0wAHoECAIQAg" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; height: 12px; line-height: 27px; margin: 1px 0px 2px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: none 0s ease 0s; user-select: none; background-image: none; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 0px 0px 0px; filter: none; width: 13px; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block;"><span class="mn-dwn-arw" style="border-color: rgb(0, 102, 33) transparent; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px 4px 0px; width: 0px; height: 0px; margin-left: 3px; top: 7.5px; margin-top: -4px; position: absolute; left: 0px;" /></a><div class="action-menu-panel ab_dropdown" role="menu" tabindex="-1" jsaction="keydown:m.hdke;mouseover:m.hdhne;mouseout:m.hdhue" data-ved="2ahUKEwjywc-ritHjAhUJOK0KHSRPD6EQqR8wAHoECAIQAw" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: auto; top: 12px; white-space: nowrap; z-index: 3; transition: opacity 0.218s ease 0s; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 4px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;"><ol style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><li class="action-menu-item ab_dropdownitem" role="menuitem" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:PtY7XSnzgBgJ:https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/+&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:PtY7XSnzgBgJ:https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/%2B%26cd%3D1%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjywc-ritHjAhUJOK0KHSRPD6EQIDAAegQIAhAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li><li class="action-menu-item ab_dropdownitem" role="menuitem" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/+mitch+jeserich+kpfa&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjywc-ritHjAhUJOK0KHSRPD6EQHzAAegQIAhAF" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 1.54; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/+mitch+jeserich+kpfa&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjywc-ritHjAhUJOK0KHSRPD6EQHzAAegQIAhAF" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"></a><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/+mitch+jeserich+kpfa&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjywc-ritHjAhUJOK0KHSRPD6EQHzAAegQIAhAF" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"></a><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/+mitch+jeserich+kpfa&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjywc-ritHjAhUJOK0KHSRPD6EQHzAAegQIAhAF" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;">5 hours ago - open in itunes. Letters & Politics seeks to explore the history behind today's major global and national news stories. Hosted by Mitch Jeserich.</a></div><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/+mitch+jeserich+kpfa&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjywc-ritHjAhUJOK0KHSRPD6EQHzAAegQIAhAF" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;">=</a><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/+mitch+jeserich+kpfa&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjywc-ritHjAhUJOK0KHSRPD6EQHzAAegQIAhAF" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;">
Here's the digital copy of Zinn Master:</a><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/+mitch+jeserich+kpfa&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjywc-ritHjAhUJOK0KHSRPD6EQHzAAegQIAhAF" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;">
</a><div><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://kpfa.org/program/letters-and-politics/+mitch+jeserich+kpfa&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjywc-ritHjAhUJOK0KHSRPD6EQHzAAegQIAhAF" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"> </a></div><a href="https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BxgEm3GY5291aE5YQ0RrZWQ2dU0" target="blank" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=https://drive.google.com/open?id%3D0BxgEm3GY5291aE5YQ0RrZWQ2dU0&source=gmail&ust=1498057967119000&usg=AFQjCNFzurHqxKsd6F4hpiNj_fCTUsUDRQ">https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BxgEm3GY5291aE5YQ0RrZWQ2dU0</a>
<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 10px; text-transform: uppercase; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">BRADLEY FUNDS PRINT MEDIA AND THE CULTURE WARS</h2>As early as the 1990s, the Bradley Foundation decided to engage deeply in the culture wars with heavy investments in print media. The Bradley files document $19.47 million in grants to the media firm called “Encounter for Culture and Education” between 1992-2015 (Encounter for Culture and Education, Grant History Document, 2015). The firm publishes and houses Encounter Books, which Bradley helped found in 1998.A report on Encounter Books in the Bradley documents from July 2015 by former Board Member and Bradley Prize recipient George Will details Bradley’s aim in investing millions in Encounter. The goal is “not only to provide an independent means to support books and authors whose work contributed to the educational mission of the Foundation,” but also “to foster an institution whose energies could help promote the values of democratic capitalism, ordered liberty, and individual responsibility” (Report on Encounter Books, July 2015).“Bradley has been the central force in enabling Encounter to become America’s premier publisher of serious conservative non-fiction,” wrote Roger Kimball, current publisher of Encounter, in a letter to the Bradley Foundation in 2016.Kimball publishes a host of right-wing authors in politics, history, religion, biography, education, public policy, and current affairs. Recently, Encounter published The War on Cops: How the New Attack on Law and Order Makes Everyone Less Safe, by the Manhattan Institute and Bradley Prize winner Heather MacDonald. “This book provides a vivid, meticulously researched account of how the Black Lives Matter movement has reignited racially-biased violence in cities across the country,” Kimball notes.Kimball “long wanted to publish” an American history text that can be used in high schools as an alternative to Howard Zinn’s A People’s History of the United States. The right wing has long hated Zinn’s monumental text for its honest and frank description of U.S. history starting with the genocide of indigenous peoples in 1492.University of Oklahoma Professor Bill McClay, author of Religion Returns to the Public Square: Faith and Policy in America, has been contracted to write the counternarrative with support from the Charles Koch Foundation, the letter reads. According to Kimball, he is “in discussion with Koch people about strategies to get the book adopted by school districts in Texas and Oklahoma.”Kimball is a strong partner in Bradley’s effort to advance a new, right-wing version of American history and culture. Between 1986 and 2015, Bradley has also given over $5.1 million to the Foundation for Cultural Review specifically to support The New Criterion edited and published by Kimball (FCR, Grant Proposal Record, 7/20/16). The New Criterion touts itself as a monthly review of arts and intellectual life “on the front lines of the battle for culture.”Other spin published by Kimball includes: The Campus Rape Frenzy: The Attack on Due Process at America’s Universities (2017), Campus Speech in Crisis:What the Yale Experience Can Teach America (2016), Climate Confusion: How Global Warming Hysteria Leads to Bad Science (2008), and The Anti-Chomsky Reader (2004).Bradley documents quote The Sunday Telegraph: “If they issued medals for the ‘culture wars,’ Roger Kimball’s chest would be covered with ribbons.”A Republican Arkansas lawmaker has introduced legislation to ban the works of the late historian, activist, and writer <a href="http://www.commondreams.org/tag/howard-zinn" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration: none;">Howard Zinn</a> from publicly funded schools.The bill from Rep. Kim Hendren, just <a href="http://m.arktimes.com/ArkansasBlog/archives/2017/03/02/bill-introduced-to-ban-howard-zinn-books-from-arkansas-public-schools" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration: none;">noted</a> by the Arkansas Times, was <a href="http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/assembly/2017/2017R/Pages/BillInformation.aspx?measureno=hb1834" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration: none;">introduced</a> on Thursday and referred to the House Committee on Education.<a href="http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/assembly/2017/2017R/Bills/HB1834.pdf" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration: none;">It states </a>(pdf) that any "public school district or an open-enrollment public charter school shall not include in its curriculum or course materials for a class or program of study any book or other material" authored by Zinn from 1959 until 2010, the year in which <a href="http://www.commondreams.org/news/2010/01/28/howard-zinn-1922-2010-tribute-legendary-historian-noam-chomsky-alice-walker-naomi" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration: none;">he died</a>. The Zinn Education Project, which <a href="https://zinnedproject.org/about/" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration: none;">aims to</a> "to introduce students to a more accurate, complex, and engaging understanding of United States history than is found in traditional textbooks and curricula," noted Thursday that educators in the state may have a very different take from Hendren: "To date, there are more than 250 teachers in Arkansas who have signed up to access people's history lessons from the Zinn Education Project website."<div id="r1-3" class="result results_links_deep highlight_d highlight" data-domain="commondreams.org" data-nir="1" style="margin: 0px 0px 1.2em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: subpixel-antialiased; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; position: relative; word-wrap: break-word; border-radius: 2px; cursor: pointer; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);"><div class="resultbody links_main links_deep" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0.5em 10px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><h2 class="resulttitle" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.2em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.1; vertical-align: middle; position: static; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%;"><a class="resulta" rel="noopener" href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2017/03/03/arkansas-lawmaker-introduces-bill-ban-howard-zinn-classrooms" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle; text-decoration: none; display: inline-block; max-width: 100%; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis;">Arkansas Lawmaker Introduces Bill to Ban Howard Zinn From ...</a></h2><div class="resultsnippet" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.2em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.45; vertical-align: baseline;">This post may be updated.A Republican Arkansas lawmaker has introduced legislation to ban the works of the late historian, activist, and writer Howard Zinn ...</div><div class="resultextras" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; position: relative;"><div class="resultextrasurl" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 4em 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; float: left; position: relative; box-sizing: border-box; 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vertical-align: middle; max-width: 16px;" height="16" width="16" /></a><a class="resulturl" rel="noopener" href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2017/03/03/arkansas-lawmaker-introduces-bill-ban-howard-zinn-classrooms" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;"><span class="resulturldomain" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline;">https://commondreams.org<span class="resulturlfull" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; opacity: 1; visibility: visible;">/news/2017/03/03/arkansas-lawmaker-introdu...</a></div>
</div></div></div><div id="r1-4" class="result results_links_deep highlight_d" data-domain="democracynow.org" data-nir="1" style="margin: 0px 0px 1.2em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: subpixel-antialiased; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; position: relative; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="resultbody links_main links_deep" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0.5em 10px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><h2 class="resulttitle" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.2em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.1; vertical-align: middle; position: static; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%;"><a class="resulta" rel="noopener" href="https://www.democracynow.org/2017/3/3/headlines/arkansas_bill_would_ban_howard_zinn_writings_from_schools" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle; text-decoration: none; display: inline-block; max-width: 100%; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis;">Arkansas Bill Would Ban Howard Zinn Writings from Schools ...</a></h2><div class="resultsnippet" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.2em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.45; vertical-align: baseline;">And a bill before the Arkansas state legislature would prohibit publicly funded schools from teaching the works of late legendary historian Howard Zinn.</div><div class="resultextras" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; position: relative;"><div class="resultextrasurl" style="margin: 0px; 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vertical-align: middle; position: static; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%;"><a class="resulta" rel="noopener" href="https://www.rawstory.com/2017/03/arkansas-republican-pushes-bill-to-ban-howard-zinn-books-from-public-schools/" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: middle; text-decoration: none; display: inline-block; max-width: 100%; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis;">Arkansas Republican pushes bill to ban Howard Zinn books from ...</a></h2><div class="resultsnippet" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.2em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.45; vertical-align: baseline;">Republican Arkansas state Sen. Kim Hendren introduced a bill to the state legislature that will ban the works of historian Howard Zinn from any schools that receive ...</div><div class="result__snippet" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.2em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.45; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div></div></div>===hedges death lib class:

<span style="background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">RMN used suppression against marginal eg anti war and no one cared but when he went after lib = democrats, problem 169

Zinn<span style="background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> fbi file 423 pp 1948-74; 5 agents, never even suspected of crime, labelled high sec risk; jeh Res Sect A, pick up in nat;l emergency 170; served on SNCC, took students out to protest, fired for insubordination (he pled guilty ;) spoke at bobby seal rally at boston pol hq; testified for ellsberg (he and chomsky edited section on VN) 172

<span style="background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Nader: pirgs found imp info, reporters publ, bills passed, life got better; corps fear, so they copied techniques of res and presentation; 1966- 73 25 consumer bills, nearly all b/c of nader; 1973 named #4 most infl in US; then NYT Abe Rosenthal (cda RW ~ commie came to US ~ progressive, ~ mader chomsky; rule that no story unless corp response, and corps played along; other papers felt no need/pressure to cover him.

<span style="background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">GM hired dicks; tried to seduce in supermarket; 425K damages; 8 pp Pwl memo aug 1971: attacks nader marcuses, puzzled as to why TV partic in own destruction (ie cover VN protests, nader?); --> Biz rntable, cato, heritage, manh, CSE, Acc in Academe (sic) 176  monitor to press for good corp press, legal orgs bogus disciplines cost-benefit, risk magmt; shift story from health, labor, safety to cost of govt 177.  Nader never met w/ BC or Gore as VP. gore camp never mentioned GW?! 178 Nixon last pres to fear libs.

<span style="background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">last stand 1979 dereg nat'l gas, Consumer protection Agcy, nader put all in; one hose pass, then other next year; short 20 votes in hse but 2/3 in senate yes; JC ran on it, but did not help; then RR, pirg put out reports, but press ignored. 180; 1970 tony coelho showed dems how to raise $, no interest in nader issues; got little win, foia 1974, GSA buy airbag cars [graham?] so nader rn 1996 as none of the above; dems pull punches (eg gild war Kerry, so both can get worse if we keep picking least worst 9em)

<span style="background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Fred smith fdr of fedex, skull & b w/ dubya and kerry, McCain finance chair (hase carveout ~ union, b/c inep contractors) trucks dangerous, 13 hrs no break; UPS is Teamster, fought exemption

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