Cooney, P

<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading">Philip A. Cooney</h1><div>see fork 3 dubya ~ Kyoto</div><div>note color</div><div>html belford</div><div>bak</div>

note, no cover doc for 3/2001 180, Dick C just did it; cf RS 6 yrsB&S german 2003<a href="https://www.edf.org/blog/2015/03/11/see-no-climate-hear-no-climate-speak-no-climatehere-we-go-again">https://www.edf.org/blog/2015/03/11/see-no-climate-hear-no-climate-speak-no-climatehere-we-go-again</a>eric pooleywhen <a href="http://fcir.org/2015/03/08/in-florida-officials-ban-term-climate-change/" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.15s ease-out 0s;">news broke</a> this week alleging that officials working for Gov. Rick Scott of Florida – a state that faces devastating impacts from climate change, such as being <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/08/us/florida-finds-itself-in-the-eye-of-the-storm-on-climate-change.html?r=0" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.15s ease-out 0s;">partially submerged</a> – had unofficially banned use of the terms “climate change” and “global warming” from state documents, I had to check my calendar to see what year this is.It felt as if we were back in 2003, when the George W. Bush administration was up to the same tricks. A former American Petroleum Institute lobbyist named Philip Cooney, who was then chief of staff in the White House Council on Environmental Quality, made hundreds of edits and deletions to EPA documents.<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px;"><a href="https://www.edf.org/blog/2013/12/02/100000-people-are-drowning" class="jumpOut nextButton" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 60px; padding: 20px 0px; border-width: 1px 0px; border-top-style: solid; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(222, 222, 222); border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(222, 222, 222); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.15s ease-out 0s; overflow: hidden; display: inline !important;">This country is drowning</a><h4 style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; line-height: 30px;">Bush’s White House tried to muzzle the EPA</h4>Cooney’s goal, according to a House committee <a href="http://www.climatesciencewatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/House_Oversight_MajRpt_10dec07.pdf" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.15s ease-out 0s;">investigation</a>, was to “exaggerate or emphasize scientific uncertainties or to deemphasize or diminish the importance of the human role in global warming.” Cooney insisted on such extreme edits that that the EPA decided to eliminate the climate change section from one report entirely.After New York Times reporter Andrew Revkin <a href="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0DE1D71338F93BA35755C0A9639C8B63" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.15s ease-out 0s;">broke the news</a> about what was going on, Cooney resigned from the White House – and went to work for Exxon Mobil.It’s not yet clear exactly what happened in Florida. After four former staffers with the Florida Department of Environmental Protection said they’d been told not to use the terms “climate change,” “global warming” or “sustainability,” and that this ban was widely known, Gov. Scott told reporters this week “it’s not true.”The DEP website does include references to climate change, though most are several years old. Meanwhile, at least one group has asked the agency’s inspector general to investigate.<h4 style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 60px 0px 30px; line-height: 30px;">Other states tried to censor, too</h4>With an overwhelming majority of the American public <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/31/us/politics/most-americans-support-government-action-on-climate-change-poll-finds.html" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.15s ease-out 0s;">favoring climate action</a>, skeptical politicians are starting to crab-walk in the direction of climate reality. “I’m not a scientist” is the current favorite dodge and also with Gov. Scott – an attempt to avoid both outright denial and the responsibility to act that comes with recognizing the problem.But as Emily Atkin <a href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2015/03/09/3631465/not-just-florida-censoring-climate-change-talk/" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.15s ease-out 0s;">reported</a> in Climate Progress, other states where the governors still don’t accept the scientific validity of human-caused climate change have also been pulling out the muzzle.Pennsylvania’s Department of Conservation and Natural Resources was accused of pulling references to climate change from its website under orders from aides to Governor Tom Corbett. Corbett has since been voted out of office in favor of Gov. Tom Wolf, who understands that climate change is real.North Carolina’s Department of Environment and Natural Resources was caught doing the same thing. This is the state where the General Assembly in 2012 passed a four-year <a href="http://www.newsobserver.com/news/politics-government/state-politics/article10298660.html" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.15s ease-out 0s;">moratorium</a> on policies that rely on scientific models for sea level rise.Maybe these states should require environmental officials to scrunch their eyes shut, stick their fingers in their ears and chant “nya-nya-nya.” That would surely solve the problem.<h4 style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 60px 0px 30px; line-height: 30px;">Enough already</h4>Here’s a prediction: Attempts to expunge the climate problem by executive fiat – to air-brush state websites and muzzle scientists – are on their last legs. So are evasions like “I’m not a scientist.”<a href="https://www.edf.org/blog/2014/11/13/mandate-action-nearly-60-voters-worry-about-climate-change" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.15s ease-out 0s;">Americans are raising the bar</a> on how politicians from both parties talk about this issue. Voters will increasingly reward climate honesty and climate action.Politicians who don’t deliver will find themselves punished at the polls.</div>=<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney</a><div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="direction: ltr;"><div class="mw-parser-output" style="">Philip A. Cooney (born July 16, 1959) is a former member of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_George_W.Bush" title="Presidency of George W. Bush" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">the administration</a> of United States President <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W.Bush" title="George W. Bush" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">George W. Bush</a>. Before being appointed to chair the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_on_Environmental_Quality" title="Council on Environmental Quality" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Council on Environmental Quality</a>, he was a lawyer and lobbyist for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Petroleum_Institute" title="American Petroleum Institute" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American Petroleum Institute</a>.<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading" style="background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 7px; display: table;"><ul style="list-style-image: none; margin: 0.3em 0px; padding: 0px; list-style-type: none;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#Career" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Career</a><ul style="list-style-image: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-type: none;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#American_Petroleum_Institute" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">1.1American Petroleum Institute</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#Bush_administration" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">1.2Bush administration</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#Government_climate_reports" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">1.3Government climate reports</a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#References" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2References</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#External_links" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">3External links</a></li></ul></div><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">Career[</h2><h3 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6;">American Petroleum Institute[</h3>Prior to working for the Bush Administration, Cooney was a lawyer and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobbyist" class="mw-redirect" title="Lobbyist" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">lobbyist</a> for the American Petroleum Institute (API), an industry group representing the American <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum_industry" title="Petroleum industry" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">petroleum industry</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_note-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[1]</a><h3 style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6;">Bush administration[</h3>Cooney joined the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W.Bush_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="George W. Bush administration" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">George W. Bush administration</a> when he was appointed <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_of_staff(politics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief of staff (politics)" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">chief of staff</a> of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_on_Environmental_Quality" title="Council on Environmental Quality" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Council on Environmental Quality</a>. On June 10, 2005, Cooney announced his resignation, two days after the story of his tampering with scientific reports broke.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_note-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[2]</a> It was reported that he had <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#Government_climate_reports" title="Philip Cooney" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">altered government climate</a> reports to downplay <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_opinion_on_climate_change" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientific opinion on climate change" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">scientific consensus about climate change</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_note-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a> A few days later, it was announced that Cooney would go to work for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">petroleum</a> (oil) company <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ExxonMobil" title="ExxonMobil" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">ExxonMobil</a> starting in the fall; ExxonMobil declined to describe the nature of Cooney's new job.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_note-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a><h3 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6;">Government climate reports[</h3>In early 2005, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rick_S.Piltz" title="Rick S. Piltz" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Rick S. Piltz</a> resigned from his position as a senior associate in the U.S. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_Change_Science_Program" title="Climate Change Science Program" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Climate Change Science Program</a>, saying that Cooney had been editing government climate reports to emphasize doubts about <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming" class="mw-redirect" title="Global warming" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">global warming</a>. According to Piltz's resignation letter, Cooney edited documents to "create an enhanced sense of scientific uncertainty about <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">climate change</a> and its implications."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_note-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[5]</a>On June 3, 2002, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myron_Ebell" title="Myron Ebell" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Myron Ebell</a> wrote a memo<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_note-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[6]</a> to Cooney that was obtained by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Greenpeace</a> through an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_Information_Act(United_States)" title="Freedom of Information Act (United States)" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">FOI</a> request in 2003,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_note-7" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[7]</a> explaining how they were going to deal with the publication of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Climate_Action_Report&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Climate Action Report (page does not exist)" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Climate Action Report</a> 2002 by attacking <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="United States Environmental Protection Agency" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">United States Environmental Protection Agency</a> chair <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Todd_Whitman" title="Christine Todd Whitman" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Christine Todd Whitman</a>, adding that he was helping to "drive a wedge between the President and those in the Administration who think they are serving the president's best interests by publishing this rubbish."On August 11, 2003, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maine_Attorney_General" title="Maine Attorney General" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Maine Attorney General</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G.Steven_Rowe" title="G. Steven Rowe" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">G. Steven Rowe</a> and Connecticut Attorney General <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Blumenthal" title="Richard Blumenthal" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Richard Blumenthal</a> in a press release<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_note-8" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[8]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_note-9" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[9]</a> called on United States Attorney General <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ashcroft" title="John Ashcroft" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">John Ashcroft</a><blockquote class="templatequote" style="overflow: hidden; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px 40px;">to investigate whether officials at the White House Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) solicited a conservative Washington think tank to sue the federal government in order to invalidate a government document warning of the impacts of global warming.The two state attorneys general obtained an email document through a Freedom of Information Act request that revealed a great intimacy between CEQ and the Competitive Enterprise Institute (CEI) on strategizing about ways to undermine the United States' official reports and the authority of its officials.[...] It appears that certain White House officials conspired with an anti-environmental special interest group to cause the lawsuit to be filed against the federal government.</blockquote>On September 24, 2003, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senator" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senator" style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 102); text-decoration-line: none;">Senator</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Lieberman" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Lieberman" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Joseph Lieberman</a> sent a formal letter to the White House asking for details of these ties, and the nature of the help Cooney had received. He also inquired about the lawsuit the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competitive_Enterprise_Institute" title="Competitive Enterprise Institute" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Competitive Enterprise Institute</a> (CEI) had filed on August 6, 2003 against the administration under the little-used <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Quality_Act" title="Data Quality Act" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Data Quality Act</a> to invalidate the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Assessment_of_the_Potential_Consequences_of_Climate_Variability_and_Change&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Assessment of the Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change (page does not exist)" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">National Assessment of the Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change</a>, which formed the basis for many of the conclusions in the Climate Action Report. Lieberman charged that the suit was apparently an attempt to have the National Assessment (and therefore the Climate Action Report) withdrawn.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_note-10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[10]</a>On June 8, 2005, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The New York Times</a> said that it had obtained internal <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_Office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States" title="Executive Office of the President of the United States" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">White House</a> documents which proved that Cooney had <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unilaterally" class="mw-redirect" title="Unilaterally" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">unilaterally</a> edited the national climate change reports during 2002 and 2003 to water down its conclusions. As the article states,<blockquote class="templatequote" style="overflow: hidden; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px 40px;">In a section on the need for research into how warming might change water availability and flooding, he crossed out a paragraph describing the projected reduction of mountain glaciers and snowpack. His note in the margins explained that this was "straying from research strategy into speculative findings/musings."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_note-11" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[11]</a></blockquote>Cooney and his role in editing climate change reports were referenced in the documentaries: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Inconvenient_Truth" title="An Inconvenient Truth" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">An Inconvenient Truth</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_11th_Hour(2007_film)" title="The 11th Hour (2007 film)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The 11th Hour</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everything%27s_Cool(film)" title="Everything's Cool (film)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Everything's Cool</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_note-12" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[12]</a>During a March 2007 congressional hearing, Cooney conceded his role in altering reports to downplay the adverse effects of man-made <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenhouse gas emissions" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">emissions</a> on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth" title="Earth" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Earth</a>'s climate. "My sole loyalty was to the President and advancing the policies of his administration," he told the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Oversight_and_Government_Reform" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_note-13" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[13]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_note-14" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[14]</a><div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 1em; clear: right; float: right; border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0px;"><ul style="list-style: none none; margin: 0px; padding: 0.1em; line-height: 13.09px; display: table; box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 175px; background: rgb(249, 249, 249); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><li style="margin-bottom: 0px; display: table-row;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="image" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><img alt="icon" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/28px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="noviewer thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/42px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/56px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" style="border: 1px solid rgb(234, 236, 240); vertical-align: middle;" /></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Politics portal</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0px; display: table-row;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Crystal_energy.svg" class="image" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><img alt="icon" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Crystal_energy.svg/29px-Crystal_energy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="28" class="noviewer" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Crystal_energy.svg/44px-Crystal_energy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Crystal_energy.svg/59px-Crystal_energy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="124" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" /></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Energy" title="Portal:Energy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Energy portal</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0px; display: table-row;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Change_in_Average_Temperature.svg" class="image" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><img alt="icon" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Change_in_Average_Temperature.svg/32px-Change_in_Average_Temperature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="27" class="noviewer" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Change_in_Average_Temperature.svg/48px-Change_in_Average_Temperature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Change_in_Average_Temperature.svg/64px-Change_in_Average_Temperature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="816" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" /></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Global_warming" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Global warming" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Global warming portal</a></li></ul></div><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">References[</h2><div class="reflist" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.5em; list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns" style="column-width: 30em;"><ol class="references" style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 3.2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-parent 0 list-item 0; list-style-type: inherit;"><li id="cite_note-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_ref-1" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newscientist.com/channel/earth/dn11074-us-climate-scientists-pressured-on-climate-change.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">US climate scientists pressured on climate change</a> 31 January 2007 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Scientist" title="New Scientist" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">New Scientist</a></li><li id="cite_note-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_ref-2" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFAndrew_Revkin2005" class="citation news cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Revkin" title="Andrew Revkin" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Andrew Revkin</a> (June 10, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/10/politics/11cooney.long.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Editor of Climate Report Resigns"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The New York Times</a>. Retrieved 2008-04-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Editor+of+Climate+Report+Resigns&rft.date=2005-06-10&rft.au=Andrew+Revkin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F06%2F10%2Fpolitics%2F11cooney.long.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhilip+Cooney" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_ref-3" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFAndrew_Revkin2005" class="citation news cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Andrew Revkin (June 8, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/08/politics/08climate.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Bush Aide Softened Greenhouse Gas Links to Global Warming"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-04-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Bush+Aide+Softened+Greenhouse+Gas+Links+to+Global+Warming&rft.date=2005-06-08&rft.au=Andrew+Revkin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F06%2F08%2Fpolitics%2F08climate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhilip+Cooney" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_ref-4" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFAndrew_Revkin2005" class="citation news cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Andrew Revkin (June 15, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/15/science/14cnd-climate.html?r=1&oref=slogin" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Ex-Bush Aide Who Edited Climate Reports to Join ExxonMobil"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-04-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Ex-Bush+Aide+Who+Edited+Climate+Reports+to+Join+ExxonMobil&rft.date=2005-06-15&rft.au=Andrew+Revkin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F06%2F15%2Fscience%2F14cnd-climate.html%3F_r%3D1%26oref%3Dslogin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhilip+Cooney" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_ref-5" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFRick_S.Piltz2005" class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Rick S. Piltz (June 1, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20070928025314/http://pubs.acs.org/subscribe/journals/esthag-w/2005/jun/policy/figures/Piltz_Memo.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif="Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"On Issues of Concern about the Governance of the Climate Change Science Program"</a> (PDF). pp. 10–11. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubs.acs.org/subscribe/journals/esthag-w/2005/jun/policy/figures/Piltz_Memo.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif="Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">the original</a> (PDF) on September 28, 2007. Retrieved 2007-06-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=On+Issues+of+Concern+about+the+Governance+of+the+Climate+Change+Science+Program&rft.pages=10-11&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.au=Rick+S.+Piltz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpubs.acs.org%2Fsubscribe%2Fjournals%2Festhag-w%2F2005%2Fjun%2Fpolicy%2Ffigures%2FPiltz_Memo.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhilip+Cooney" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_ref-6" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFMyron_Ebell2002" class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Myron Ebell (June 3, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070208025049/http://www.greenpeace.org/international/assets/binaries/ceimemo.swf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Phil, thanks for calling and"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greenpeace.org/international/assets/binaries/ceimemo.swf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">the original</a> on 2007-02-08. Retrieved 2007-06-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Phil%2C+thanks+for+calling+and&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.au=Myron+Ebell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.greenpeace.org%2Finternational%2Fassets%2Fbinaries%2Fceimemo.swf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhilip+Cooney" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_ref-7" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFGreenpeace2003" class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Greenpeace (September 9, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070515163356/http://www.greenpeace.org/international/news/investigation-of-exxon-front-g" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Greenpeace Obtains Smoking-gun Memo: White House/Exxon Link"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greenpeace.org/international/news/investigation-of-exxon-front-g" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">the original</a> on 2007-05-15. Retrieved 2007-06-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Greenpeace+Obtains+Smoking-gun+Memo%3A+White+House%2FExxon+Link&rft.date=2003-09-09&rft.au=Greenpeace&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.greenpeace.org%2Finternational%2Fnews%2Finvestigation-of-exxon-front-g&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhilip+Cooney" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_ref-8" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFCharles_Dow" class="citation pressrelease cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Charles Dow. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927193349/http://www.maine.gov/ag/press_release_pop_up.php?press_id=167" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Maine, Connecticut AGs Call On Ashcroft To Investigate White House Role In Lawsuit"</a>. maine.gov (Press release). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maine.gov/ag/press_release_pop_up.php?press_id=167" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">the original</a> on September 27, 2007. Retrieved 2007-06-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Maine%2C+Connecticut+AGs+Call+On+Ashcroft+To+Investigate+White+House+Role+In+Lawsuit&rft.au=Charles+Dow&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.maine.gov%2Fag%2Fpress_release_pop_up.php%3Fpress_id%3D167&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhilip+Cooney" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_ref-9" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFRowe2003" class="citation pressrelease cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Rowe, Steven (August 11, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heatisonline.org/contentserver/objecthandlers/index.cfm?id=4391&method=full" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Bush White House Charged With Conspiracy With Private Think"</a> (Press release). Retrieved 2007-06-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bush+White+House+Charged+With+Conspiracy+With+Private+Think&rft.date=2003-08-11&rft.aulast=Rowe&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heatisonline.org%2Fcontentserver%2Fobjecthandlers%2Findex.cfm%3Fid%3D4391%26method%3Dfull&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhilip+Cooney" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_ref-10" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite class="citation pressrelease cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senate.gov/_{gov_affairs/index.cfm?FuseAction=PressReleases.Detail&Affiliation=R&PressRelease_id=496&Month=9&Year=2003}" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Lieberman seeks White House contacts regarding global warming lawsuit CEQ, think tank discussed how to "clean up this mess""</a> (Press release). Joseph Lieberman. September 24, 2003. Retrieved 2007-02-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lieberman+seeks+White+House+contacts+regarding+global+warming+lawsuit+CEQ%2C+think+tank+discussed+how+to+%22clean+up+this+mess%22&rft.pub=Joseph+Lieberman&rft.date=2003-09-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.senate.gov%2F_{gov_affairs%2Findex.cfm%3FFuseAction%3DPressReleases.Detail%26Affiliation%3DR%26PressRelease_id%3D496%26Month%3D9%26Year%3D2003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhilip+Cooney}" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_ref-11" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFAndrew_Revkin2005" class="citation news cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Andrew Revkin (June 8, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/08/politics/08climate.html?ei=5090&en=22149dc70c0731d8&ex=1275883200&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Bush Aide Softened Greenhouse Gas Links to Global Warming"</a>. The New York Times.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Bush+Aide+Softened+Greenhouse+Gas+Links+to+Global+Warming&rft.date=2005-06-08&rft.au=Andrew+Revkin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F06%2F08%2Fpolitics%2F08climate.html%3Fei%3D5090%26en%3D22149dc70c0731d8%26ex%3D1275883200%26partner%3Drssuserland%26emc%3Drss&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhilip+Cooney" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_ref-12" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.everythingscool.org/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Everythingscool.org</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090630010451/http://www.everythingscool.org/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Archived</a> June 30, 2009, at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Wayback Machine</a></li><li id="cite_note-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_ref-13" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite id="CITEREFRobert_Lusetich2007" class="citation news cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Robert Lusetich (March 21, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070324013715/http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,21418971-2703,00.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Climate science was doctored"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Australian" title="The Australian" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The Australian</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,21418971-2703,00.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">the original</a> on March 24, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Australian&rft.atitle=Climate+science+was+doctored&rft.date=2007-03-21&rft.au=Robert+Lusetich&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theaustralian.news.com.au%2Fstory%2F0%2C20867%2C21418971-2703%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhilip+Cooney" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-14" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Cooney#cite_ref-14" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">^{</a> }<cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927222003/http://www.whistleblower.org/content/press_detail.cfm?press_id=838&keyword=" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"House Probe Turns to Role of Cheney's Office"</a>. March 20, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whistleblower.org/content/press_detail.cfm?press_id=838&keyword=" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">the original</a> on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2007-06-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=House+Probe+Turns+to+Role+of+Cheney%27s+Office&rft.date=2007-03-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whistleblower.org%2Fcontent%2Fpress_detail.cfm%3Fpress_id%3D838%26keyword%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhilip+Cooney" class="Z3988" /></li></ol></div></div><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">External links[</h2><ul style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" em="em" px="px" padding="padding"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070829172506/http://oversight.house.gov/story.asp?ID=1214" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Committee Examines Political Interference with Climate Science, March 19, 2007, with Cooney's testimony</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Philip_A.Cooney" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Profile</a> at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SourceWatch" class="mw-redirect" title="SourceWatch" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">SourceWatch</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/08/politics/08climate.html?ei=5090&en=22149dc70c0731d8&ex=1275883200&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">New York Times report on Cooney's resignation</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4075986.stm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">BBC News report on Cooney's resignation</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senate.gov/_{gov_affairs/index.cfm?FuseAction=PressReleases.Detail&Affiliation=R&PressRelease_id=496&Month=9&Year=2003}" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, press release September 24, 2003</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930014537/http://www.cooperativeresearch.org/entity.jsp?entity=philip_a.cooney_1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Philip Cooney timeline</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071004232540/http://www.newsmeat.com/washington_political_donations/Philip_Cooney.php" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Cooney's political donations at newsmeat.com</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jc4OzpgTOhk" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" skins.vector.styles="skins.vector.styles" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" b4b84="b4b84" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">60 minutes, Cooney's censorship of scientists</a></li></ul></div></div><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); padding: 5px; margin-top: 1em; clear: both;"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Categories</a>: <ul style="list-style: none none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline;"><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 0px; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0.25em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:1959_births" title="Category:1959 births" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">1959 births</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Living people</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:American_Petroleum_Institute" title="Category:American Petroleum Institute" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American Petroleum Institute</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:ExxonMobil_people" title="Category:ExxonMobil people" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ExxonMobil people</a></li></ul></div></div>=<a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/former-white-house-official-doctored-global-warming-reports-to-undercut-scientific-findings">https://www.desmogblog.com/former-white-house-official-doctored-global-warming-reports-to-undercut-scientific-findings</a><a href="http://www.salon.com/wire/ap/archive.html?wire=D8NVGDL80.html" target="_blank" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Philip Cooney, former chief of staff </a>at the White House Council on Environmental Quality, has acknowledged at a House hearing some of the changes he made were “to align these communications with the administration's stated policy” on climate change.Rep. Henry Waxman, D-Calif., chairman of the House Government Reform Committee, said “my concern is that there was a concerted White House effort to inject uncertainty into the climate debate.”Waxman's committee also heard from James Hansen, director of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies and one of the country's leading climate scientists, who said the White House repeatedly tried to control what government scientists say to the public and media about climate change.<a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=1177">https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=1177</a>unknown, lobbyist?, ExxonMobilFormer Chief of Staff, White House Council on Environmental Quality Former lobbyist, American Petroleum Institute

Cooney monitored global warming policy and science for the Bush White House. Documents obtained by Greenpeace through the Freedom of Information Act reveal a trail of communication between Cooney and Exxon-funded think tanks including the George C. Marshall Institute and Competitive Enterprise Institute

Cooney's current position with Exxon is unclear. Exxon has not revealed exactly what his role is, saying only that he's with the company's public affairs group in Dallas.

Cooney was hired by ExxonMobil June 2005, position as yet unknown. Was Chief of Staff at the White House Council of Environmental Quality from 2001- 2005. Before joining the Bush Administration, Cooney was a lobbyist and "Climate Team Leader" at the American Petroleum Institute.
<h3 style="padding: 10px; margin: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204);">KEY DEEDS</h3>3 August, 2002
Cooney sought advice and damage control assistance from CEI after release of a controversial EPA study on global warming, contradicting the White House stance.
Source: <a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=1177#src2" style="text-decoration-line: none;">CEI memo, Ebell to Cooney (08/03/02)</a>

8 June, 2005
In 2002-2003 while at the White House CEQ, Cooney made dozens of edits to federal reports on global warming to amplify the uncertainties and downplay the link to human activities. Days after the New York Times reported Cooney's meddling in June 2005, he resigned his White House post and Exxon Mobil announced that it had hired him.
Source: <a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=1177#src3" style="text-decoration-line: none;">New York Times June 8, 2005</a>

<h3 style="padding: 10px; margin: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204);">ORGANIZATIONS</h3><a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=11" style="text-decoration-line: none;">American Petroleum Institute</a>
Source: <a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=1177#src0" style="text-decoration-line: none;">NY Times, June 8, 2005, Bush Aide Softened Greenhouse Gas Links to Global Warming</a>

<a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=1" style="text-decoration-line: none;">ExxonMobil Corporation</a>
Source: <a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=1177#src1" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Associated Press -Josef Hebert 6/14/05</a>

<a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=2" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Competitive Enterprise Institute</a>
Source: <a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=1177#src2" style="text-decoration-line: none;">CEI memo, Ebell to Cooney (08/03/02)</a>

<h3 style="padding: 10px; margin: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204);">SOURCES</h3>NY Times, June 8, 2005, Bush Aide Softened Greenhouse Gas Links to Global Warming
A White House official who once led the oil industry's fight against limits on greenhouse gases has repeatedly edited government climate reports in ways that play down links between such emissions and global warming, according to internal documents. An Editor in the White House In handwritten notes on drafts of several reports issued in 2002 and 2003, the official, Philip A. Cooney, removed or adjusted descriptions of climate research that government scientists and their supervisors, including some senior Bush administration officials, had already approved. In many cases, the changes appeared in the final reports. The dozens of changes, while sometimes as subtle as the insertion of the phrase "significant and fundamental" before the word "uncertainties," tend to produce an air of doubt about findings that most climate experts say are robust. Mr. Cooney is chief of staff for the White House Council on Environmental Quality, the office that helps devise and promote administration policies on environmental issues. Before going to the White House in 2001, he was the "climate team leader" and a lobbyist at the American Petroleum Institute, the largest trade group representing the interests of the oil industry. A lawyer with a bachelor's degree in economics, he has no scientific training. The documents were obtained by The New York Times from the Government Accountability Project, a nonprofit legal-assistance group for government whistle-blowers. The project is representing Rick S. Piltz, who resigned in March as a senior associate in the office that coordinates government climate research. That office, now called the Climate Change Science Program, issued the documents that Mr. Cooney edited.A White House spokeswoman, Michele St. Martin, said yesterday that Mr. Cooney would not be available to comment. "We don't put Phil Cooney on the record," Ms. St. Martin said. "He's not a cleared spokesman." In one instance in an October 2002 draft of a regularly published summary of government climate research, "Our Changing Planet," Mr. Cooney amplified the sense of uncertainty by adding the word "extremely" to this sentence: "The attribution of the causes of biological and ecological changes to climate change or variability is extremely difficult." In a section on the need for research into how warming might change water availability and flooding, he crossed out a paragraph describing the projected reduction of mountain glaciers and snowpack. His note in the margins explained that this was "straying from research strategy into speculative findings/musings." Other White House officials said the changes made by Mr. Cooney were part of the normal interagency review that takes place on all documents related to global environmental change. Robert Hopkins, a spokesman for the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, noted that one of the reports Mr. Cooney worked on, the administration's 10-year plan for climate research, was endorsed by the National Academy of Sciences. And Myron Ebell, who has long campaigned against limits on greenhouse gases as director of climate policy at the Competitive Enterprise Institute, a libertarian group, said such editing was necessary for "consistency" in meshing programs with policy. But critics said that while all administrations routinely vetted government reports, scientific content in such reports should be reviewed by scientists. Climate experts and representatives of environmental groups, when shown examples of the revisions, said they illustrated the significant if largely invisible influence of Mr. Cooney and other White House officials with ties to energy industries that have long fought greenhouse-gas restrictions. In a memorandum sent last week to the top officials dealing with climate change at a dozen agencies, Mr. Piltz said the White House editing and other actions threatened to taint the government's $1.8 billion-a-year effort to clarify the causes and consequences of climate change. "Each administration has a policy position on climate change," Mr. Piltz wrote. "But I have not seen a situation like the one that has developed under this administration during the past four years, in which politicization by the White House has fed back directly into the science program in such a way as to undermine the credibility and integrity of the program." A senior Environmental Protection Agency scientist who works on climate questions said the White House environmental council, where Mr. Cooney works, had offered valuable suggestions on reports from time to time. But the scientist, who spoke on the condition of anonymity because all agency employees are forbidden to speak with reporters without clearance, said the kinds of changes made by Mr. Cooney had damaged morale. "I have colleagues in other agencies who express the same view, that it has somewhat of a chilling effect and has created a sense of frustration," he said. An Editor in the White House Efforts by the Bush administration to highlight uncertainties in science pointing to human-caused warming have put the United States at odds with other nations and with scientific groups at home. Prime Minister Tony Blair of Britain, who met with President Bush at the White House yesterday, has been trying to persuade him to intensify United States efforts to curb greenhouse gases. Mr. Bush has called only for voluntary measures to slow growth in emissions through 2012. Yesterday, saying their goal was to influence that meeting, the scientific academies of 11 countries, including those of the United States and Britain, released a joint letter saying, "The scientific understanding of climate change is now sufficiently clear to justify nations taking prompt action." The American Petroleum Institute, where Mr. Cooney worked before going to the White House, has long taken a sharply different view. Starting with the negotiations leading to the Kyoto Protocol climate treaty in 1997, it has promoted the idea that lingering uncertainties in climate science justify delaying restrictions on emissions of carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping smokestack and tailpipe gases. On learning of the White House revisions, representatives of some environmental groups said the effort to amplify uncertainties in the science was clearly intended to delay consideration of curbs on the gases, which remain an unavoidable byproduct of burning oil and coal. "They've got three more years, and the only way to control this issue and do nothing about it is to muddy the science," said Eileen Claussen, the president of the Pew Center on Global Climate Change, a private group that has enlisted businesses in programs cutting emissions. Mr. Cooney's alterations can cause clear shifts in meaning. For example, a sentence in the October 2002 draft of "Our Changing Planet" originally read, "Many scientific observations indicate that the Earth is undergoing a period of relatively rapid change." In a neat, compact hand, Mr. Cooney modified the sentence to read, "Many scientific observations point to the conclusion that the Earth may be undergoing a period of relatively rapid change." A document showing a similar pattern of changes is the 2003 "Strategic Plan for the United States Climate Change Science Program," a thick report describing the reorganization of government climate research that was requested by Mr. Bush in his first speech on the issue, in June 2001. The document was reviewed by an expert panel assembled in 2003 by the National Academy of Sciences. The scientists largely endorsed the administration's research plan, but they warned that the administration's procedures for vetting reports on climate could result in excessive political interference with science. Another political appointee who has played an influential role in adjusting language in government reports on climate science is Dr. Harlan L. Watson, the chief climate negotiator for the State Department, who has a doctorate in solid-state physics but has not done climate research. In an Oct. 4, 2002 memo to James R. Mahoney, the head of the United States Climate Change Science Program and an appointee of Mr. Bush, Mr. Watson "strongly" recommended cutting boxes of text referring to the findings of a National Academy of Sciences panel on climate and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, a United Nations body that periodically reviews research on human-caused climate change. The boxes, he wrote, "do not include an appropriate recognition of the underlying uncertainties and the tentative nature of a number of the assertions." While those changes were made nearly two years ago, recent statements by Dr. Watson indicate that the administration's position has not changed. "We are still not convinced of the need to move forward quite so quickly," he told the BBC in London last month. "There is general agreement that there is a lot known, but also there is a lot to be known." By ANDREW C. REVKIN Published: June 8, 2005<a name="src0" style="">
</a><a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/08/politics/08climate.html?hp&ex=1118289600&en=54e7b911a5d025aa&ei=5094&partner=homepage" style="text-decoration-line: none;">http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/08/politics/08climate.html?hp&ex=1118289600&en=54e7b911a5d025aa&ei=5094&partner=homepage</a>

Associated Press -Josef Hebert 6/14/05White House official singled out for editing climate reports to work for Exxon Mobil Josef Hebert -AP 6/14/2005 ran: New York Post (NY), Seattle Times (WA), Palm Beach Post (FL), Atlanta Journal Constitution (GA), New York Times (NY), Boston Globe (MA), ABC News, Los Angels Times (CA) Body of Article A former White House official and one-time oil industry lobbyist whose editing of government reports on climate change prompted criticism from environmentalists will join Exxon Mobil Corp., the oil company said Tuesday. The White House announced over the weekend that Philip Cooney, chief of staff of its Council on Environmental Quality, had resigned, calling it a long-planned departure. He had been head of the climate program at the American Petroleum Institute, the trade group for large oil companies. Cooney will join Exxon Mobil in the fall, company spokesman Russ Roberts told The Associated Press in a telephone interview from the company's headquarters in Irving, Texas. He declined to described Cooney's job. Cooney could not be reached through the White House for comment. White House spokeswoman Dana Perino said Cooney's departure was "completely unrelated" to the disclosure two days earlier that he had made changes in several government climate change reports that were issued in 2002 and 2003. "Mr. Cooney has long been considering his options following four years of service to the administration," Perino said. "He'd accumulated many weeks of leave and decided to resign and take the summer off to spend time with his family." The White House made no mention of Cooney's plans to join Exxon Mobil, the world's largest oil company. Its executives have been among the mo?s is carbon dioxide from burning fossil fuels. Like the Bush administration, Exxon Mobil Chairman Lee Raymond has argued strongly against the Kyoto climate accord and has raised questions about the certainty of climate science as it relates to possible global warming. Greenpeace and other environmental groups have singled out Raymond and Exxon Mobil for protests because of its position on climate change. Last week, the Government Accountability Project, a nonprofit group that helps whistleblowers, made available documents showing that Cooney was closely involved in final editing of two administration climate reports. He made changes that critics said consistently played down the certainty of the science surrounding climate change. A changes, saying they were part of the normal, wide-ranging review process and did not violate an administration pledge to rely on sound science. A whistleblower, Rick Piltz, who resigned in March from the government office that coordinates federal climate change programs, made the documents - showing handwritten edits by Cooney - available to the Project on Government Accountability and, in turn, to news media.<a>
</a><a href="http://www.ap.org/" style="text-decoration-line: none;">www.ap.org</a>

<a name="src2" style="">CEI memo, Ebell to Cooney (08/03/02)
Email memo from Myron Ebell (CEI) to Phil Cooney (White House CEQ), August 3, 2002.
</a><a href="http://www.greenpeace.org/international/assets/binaries/ceimemo.swf" style="text-decoration-line: none;">http://www.greenpeace.org/international/assets/binaries/ceimemo.swf</a>

<a name="src3" style="">New York Times June 8, 2005
BUSH AIDE EDITED CLIMATE REPORTS June 8, 2005, Wednesday By ANDREW C. REVKIN
</a><a href="http://foi.missouri.edu/whistleblowing/bushaideedited.html" style="text-decoration-line: none;">http://foi.missouri.edu/whistleblowing/bushaideedited.html</a>monbiot 2009:When George W Bush was president, White House staffers collaborated

with the oil industry to fix government policies on climate change.

In 2004, Harper's magazine published a leaked memo from Myron Ebell

of the Competitive Enterprise Institute to Phil Cooney, the chief of

staff of the White House Council on Environmental Quality. The

Competitive Enterprise Institute has been <a href="http://www.exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=2" title="given over $2m by Exxon" data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline">given more than $2m by Exxon</a>.

Ebell's memo showed that the White House and the institute had been

working together to discredit a report on climate change produced by the

Environmental Protection Agency, whose head at the time was Christine

Todd Whitman.

"Dear Phil,

Thanks for calling and asking for our help … As I said, we made the

decision this morning to do as much as we could to deflect criticism by

blaming EPA for freelancing. It seems to me that the folks at EPA are

the obvious fall guys, and we would only hope that the fall guy (or gal)

should be as high up as possible. I have done several interviews and

have stressed that the President needs to get everyone rowing in the

same direction. Perhaps tomorrow we will call for Whitman to be

fired[1]."

The <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/08/politics/08climate.html" title="New York Times later discovered" data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline">New York Times later discovered</a>

that Phil Cooney, who is a lawyer with no scientific training, had been

imported into the White House from the American Petroleum Institute to

control the presentation of climate science. He edited scientific

reports, striking out evidence that glaciers were retreating and <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/08/politics/08climate.html" title="inserting phrases" data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline">inserting phrases</a> suggesting that there was serious scientific doubt about global warming. When the revelations were published <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2005/jun/16/environment.usa" title="he resigned and took up a post at Exxon" data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline">he resigned and took up a post at Exxon</a>.

The oil company also had direct access to the White House. On 6

February 2001, 17 days after George W Bush was sworn in, AG (Randy)

Randol, ExxonMobil's senior environmental adviser, sent a fax to John

Howard, an environmental official at the White House[3]. It began by

discussing the role of Bob Watson, the head of the Intergovernmental

Panel on Climate Change. It suggested he had a "personal agenda" and

asked: "Can Watson be replaced now at the request of the US?"[4]

It went on to ask that the United States be represented at the

panel's discussions by a Dr Harlan Watson[8]. Both requests were met.

One Watson was sacked, the other was appointed, and went on to wreak

havoc at international climate meetings.

[1] Letter from Myron Ebell to Phil Cooney. Published in the May 2004 edition of Harper's magazine: White House Effect.

[2] AG (Randy) Randol III, Senior Environmental Adviser, ExxonMobil, 6

February 2001. Memo to John Howard. Bush Team for IPCC negotiations.

Facsimile, sent from tel no. (202) 8620268.

[3] ibid, p2

[4] ibid, p5<a href="https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=1177">https://exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=1177</a>
ucs report
Union of Concerned Scientists
January 2007
How ExxonMobil Uses Big Tobacco’s Tactics 
to Manufacture Uncertainty on Climate Science
Smoke, Mirrors 
& Hot Air
<a href="http://studylib.net/doc/8847837/smoke--mirrors-and-hot-air---union-of-concerned-scientists">http://studylib.net/doc/8847837/smoke--mirrors-and-hot-air---union-of-concerned-scientists</a>
Key Internal Documents
37
•
  1998 "Global Climate Science Team" memo 
38
•   APCO memo to Philip Morris regarding the creation of TASCC  
44
•   Dobriansky talking points  
49
•   Randy Randol's February 6, 2001, fax to the Bush team
   calling for Watson's dismissal  
51
•   Sample mark up of Draft Strategic Plan for the
   Climate Change Science Program by Philip Cooney  
56
•   Email from Mryon Ebell, Competitive Enterprise Institute,
   to Phil Cooney 
57

mann bk says used by ceq and cei to quash nat assessment p 110, resisted by Joe Lieberman?.  Cooney edits; EPA State of Env cooney deleted hockey stick and related? =

after piltz whistleblows, daily show (not sure if before or after cooney bails)

===

The official made <a target="_blank" href="http://www.salon.com/wire/ap/archive.html?wire=D8NVGDL80.html">181 changes in three climate reports</a> to emphasize uncertainties surrounding the science of climate change and undermine widespread conclusions that man-made emissions are warming earth. Shortly thereafter, the official, a former oil-industry lobbyist, left the White House to work at Exxon Mobil Corp.

===

<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Stephen_McIntyre">http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Stephen_McIntyre</a>

==

<a href="http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/1128">http://www.desmogblog.com/directory/vocabulary/1128</a>

===
<a href="http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/six-years-of-deceit-20070628">

http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/six-years-of-deceit-20070628</a>

RS:

<pre>What happened next, according to internal e-mails obtained by Rolling

Stone, reveals just how seriously the White House took its

intelligence fixing on global warming. Cooney was put in charge of

damage control and was apparently instructed to craft a letter to the

Times denying that the president had changed course on climate

change. But this time, Cooney's editor was not just Connaughton, but

Bush's chief political adviser, Karl Rove. The collaboration with

Rove raises questions about Cooney's congressional testimony last

March, in which he insisted, under oath, that he had not discussed

with Rove his work at the CEQ.

</pre>

<h3 id="siteSub">From SourceWatch</h3>

Philip A. Cooney currently works for <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=ExxonMobil" title="ExxonMobil" class="mw-redirect">ExxonMobil</a>. <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/15/science/14cnd-climate.html" title="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/15/science/14cnd-climate.html" class="external autonumber">[1]</a> He served as chief of staff of the White House <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Council_on_Environmental_Quality" title="Council on Environmental Quality">Council on Environmental Quality</a>, an institution that shapes much of America's environmental policy, from 2001 to 2005. <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/31224/story.htm" title="http://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/31224/story.htm" class="external autonumber">[2]</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.democracynow.org/2005/6/20/bushs_environment_chief_from_the_oil" title="http://www.democracynow.org/2005/6/20/bushs_environment_chief_from_the_oil" class="external autonumber">[3]</a>

Cooney is a lawyer and holds a bachelors degree in economics. Prior to working at the White House, he was a "climate team leader" and <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Lobbyist" title="Lobbyist">lobbyist</a> with the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Petroleum_Institute" title="American Petroleum Institute">American Petroleum Institute</a>.

<h2>Contents</h2>

</div>

<ul>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Philip_A._Cooney#Rewriting_climate_change_science">1 Rewriting climate change science</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Philip_A._Cooney#Congressional_investigations">2 Congressional investigations</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Philip_A._Cooney#Articles_and_resources">3 Articles and resources</a>

<ul>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Philip_A._Cooney#Related_SourceWatch_articles">3.1 Related SourceWatch articles</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Philip_A._Cooney#References">3.2 References</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Philip_A._Cooney#External_links">3.3 External links</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

</ul>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<h2>Rewriting climate change science</h2>

In June 2005, Cooney was criticised for radically changing a number of 2002 and 2003 official reports on <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>, despite his lack of scientific expertise.

The New York Times reported that "In a section on the need for research into how warming might change water availability and flooding, he crossed out a paragraph describing the projected reduction of mountain glaciers and snowpack. His note in the margins explained that this was 'straying from research strategy into speculative findings/musings.'" <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/08/politics/08climate.html?hp&ex=1118289600&e" title="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/08/politics/08climate.html?hp&ex=1118289600&e" class="external autonumber">[4]</a>

In a lengthy memo Rick S. Piltz, a former senior associate in the Climate Change Science Program, revealed that U.S. government climate research reports had been edited by Cooney, to emphasize doubts about climate change. According to Piltz's memo Cooney changed one 2002 document to "create an enhanced sense of scientific uncertainty about <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a> and its implications." <a rel="nofollow" href="http://209.200.93.225/doc/Memo%20to%20Superiors.pdf" title="http://209.200.93.225/doc/Memo%20to%20Superiors.pdf" class="external autonumber">[5]</a>

In March of 2005 Piltz resigned and subsequently contacted the Government Accountability Project, a whistleblower protection organization. <a rel="nofollow" href="http://209.200.93.225/template/index.cfm" title="http://209.200.93.225/template/index.cfm" class="external autonumber">[6]</a> A White House spokeswoman, Michele St. Martin, told the New York Times that Cooney would not be available to speak to reporters after Piltz's memo was released. "He's not a cleared spokesman," she said of Cooney. <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/08/politics/08climate.html?hp&ex=1118289600&en=54e7b911a5d025aa&ei=5094&partner=homepage" title="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/08/politics/08climate.html?hp&ex=1118289600&en=54e7b911a5d025aa&ei=5094&partner=homepage" class="external autonumber">[7]</a> <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Myron_Ebell" title="Myron Ebell">Myron Ebell</a> from the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Competitive_Enterprise_Institute" title="Competitive Enterprise Institute">Competitive Enterprise Institute</a>, defended the editing as necessary for "consistency."

The spokesman for the White House, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Scott_McClellan" title="Scott McClellan">Scott McClellan</a>, defended Cooney's role in editing scientific reports on <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>. McClellan sought to downplay Cooney's role in editing the reports insisting that all reports were reviewed by an interagency taskforce involving 15 agencies. McClellan also sought to invoke the credibility of the National Academy of Sciences as having endorsed one of the reports cited in the Piltz's statement, not that they would have known of Cooney's watering down of what it stated. Challenged on whether Cooney had any scientific credentials, McClellan at first defended him: "And he's one of the policy people involved in that process, and someone who's very familiar with the issues relating to climate change and the environment."

"Because of his work lobbying for the oil industry?," a journalist asked. McClellan decided it was time to retreat to safer ground. "I'll be glad to get you his background, Terry," he said.<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2005/06/20050608-2.html" title="http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2005/06/20050608-2.html" class="external autonumber">[8]</a>

Two days after the New York Times reported on Piltz's revelations Cooney resigned. White House spokeswoman, Dana Perino, told Reuters that Cooney's resignation was unrelated to the report. Cooney, she claimed, had "long been considering his options following four years of service in the administration ... He had accumulated four weeks of leave and decided to resign and take the summer off to spend time with his family." <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/31224/story.htm" title="http://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/31224/story.htm" class="external autonumber">[9]</a>

In an editorial the Minneapolis Star-Tribune noted that while much of the coverage had focused on Cooeny's editing efforts "less attention has settled on his collaboration with <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Myron_Ebell" title="Myron Ebell">Myron Ebell</a> of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Competitive_Enterprise_Institute" title="Competitive Enterprise Institute">Competitive Enterprise Institute</a> in making these revisions." <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.startribune.com/stories/1519/5451214.html?SID=7mvhak37fs2b3bidmcc0dkfcn7" title="http://www.startribune.com/stories/1519/5451214.html?SID=7mvhak37fs2b3bidmcc0dkfcn7" class="external autonumber">[10]</a>

The following day <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=ExxonMobil" title="ExxonMobil" class="mw-redirect">ExxonMobil</a> confirmed that it has hired Cooney but declined to provide details of his new job, which he started in Autumn 2005. <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.marketwatch.com/news/yhoo/story.asp?source=blq/yhoo&siteid=yhoo&dist=yhoo&guid=%7B03CA702F%2D7BB4%2D46C5%2DADB8%2DCF5D44E3063A%7D" title="http://www.marketwatch.com/news/yhoo/story.asp?source=blq/yhoo&siteid=yhoo&dist=yhoo&guid=%7B03CA702F%2D7BB4%2D46C5%2DADB8%2DCF5D44E3063A%7D" class="external autonumber">[11]</a> Deputy spokeswoman for the White House, Dana Perino, told the New York Times "Phil Cooney did a great job and we appreciate his public service and the work that he did, and we wish him well in the private sector." <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/15/politics/15climate.html" title="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/15/politics/15climate.html" class="external autonumber">[12]</a>

Once more McClellan was asked about Cooney. "Scott, on Philip Cooney, you said earlier today that the White House has been -- that he had been looking at other options for some time. With his move to Exxon, are there concerns now about at least an appearance of impropriety?".

McClellan preferred to try and deflect the question and proceeded to praise the administration's record in addressing climate change. Asked for a third time about the appearance of Cooney's move to ExxonMobil, McClellan finally responded. "Look, in terms of this individual, we wish him well. We appreciate his service," he said. <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2005/06/20050615-3.html" title="http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2005/06/20050615-3.html" class="external autonumber">[13]</a>

In an interview with the Guardian (UK), the US research director for Greenpeace, Kert Davies, said of Cooney's return to the oil industry that "the cynical way to look at this is that ExxonMobil has removed its sleeper cell from the White House and extracted him back to the mother ship." <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/usa/story/0,12271,1507554,00.html" title="http://www.guardian.co.uk/usa/story/0,12271,1507554,00.html" class="external autonumber">[14]</a>

An unnamed ExxonMobil spokesman told the Guardian that Cooney had been hired before the revelations of his editing of the climate science reports. <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/usa/story/0,12271,1507554,00.html" title="http://www.guardian.co.uk/usa/story/0,12271,1507554,00.html" class="external autonumber">[15]</a> The Times Online also reported that the company "could not say exactly when, or what his job would be."

In an attempt to deflect accusations that the Bush administration pandered to the oil industry, ExxonMobil explained that they had also hired the former press secretary of Democrat <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Joe_Lieberman" title="Joe Lieberman" class="mw-redirect">Joe Lieberman</a>. (Lieberman is co-sponsor of the Climate Stewardship Act, a bill aimed at reducing U.S. greenhouse emissions.) "We hire from both sides of the aisle," the ExxonMobil spokesman told The Times. <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,11069-1656017,00.html" title="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,11069-1656017,00.html" class="external autonumber">[16]</a>

Reuters reported that an ExxonMobil statement explained that Cooney had been hired at the same time as Lieberman's former communications director. Reuters reported that "Cooney was hired to work in the company's public affairs group in Dallas, Texas, not as a lobbyist, the oil company said in a statement." <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/31264/story.htm" title="http://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/31264/story.htm" class="external autonumber">[17]</a> (The statement referred to is not on ExxonMobil's website).

A June 15 media release from Lieberman announced that his former Communications Director, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Matt_Gobush&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Matt Gobush (page does not exist)" class="new">Matt Gobush</a> had left to "become Manager of Executive Communications for Exxon Mobil Corporation." <a rel="nofollow" href="http://lieberman.senate.gov/newsroom/release.cfm?id=238915" title="http://lieberman.senate.gov/newsroom/release.cfm?id=238915" class="external autonumber">[18]</a>

<h2>Congressional investigations</h2>

After the 2006 elections, Congressman Henry Waxman began a number of investigations into the politicization of climate science. At a hearing in March 2006<a rel="nofollow" href="http://oversight.house.gov/story.asp?ID=1214" title="http://oversight.house.gov/story.asp?ID=1214" class="external autonumber">[19]</a>, Cooney testified under oath and the committee released a deposition he gave<a rel="nofollow" href="http://oversight.house.gov/documents/20070319150512-38472.pdf" title="http://oversight.house.gov/documents/20070319150512-38472.pdf" class="external autonumber">[20]</a> as well as documents they received from the White House<a rel="nofollow" href="http://oversight.house.gov/documents/20070319103023-10422.pdf" title="http://oversight.house.gov/documents/20070319103023-10422.pdf" class="external autonumber">[21]</a>. Rick Piltz currently operates <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.climatesciencewatch.org" title="http://www.climatesciencewatch.org" class="external text">Climate Science Watch</a>, a nonprofit advocacy group, affiliated with the Government Accountability Project.

<h2>Articles and resources</h2>

<h3>Related SourceWatch articles</h3>

<ul>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Bush_administration_cronyism_and_incompetence" title="Bush administration cronyism and incompetence">Bush administration cronyism and incompetence</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Climate_change" title="Climate change">Climate change</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Government-industry_revolving_door" title="Government-industry revolving door">Government-industry revolving door</a></li></ul>

<h3>References</h3>

<h3>External links</h3>

<ul>

<li>C-Span's broadcast of Cooney's testimony before Waxman's House Committee, on 3/19/2007. "rtsp://video.c-span.org/project/energy/energy031907_climate.rm"</li>

<li>Rick S. Piltz, "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://209.200.93.225/doc/Memo%20to%20Superiors.pdf" title="http://209.200.93.225/doc/Memo%20to%20Superiors.pdf" class="external text">On Issues Of Concern About the Governance and Direction of the Climate Change Science Program</a>", June 1, 2005.</li>

<li>"<a rel="nofollow" href="http://209.200.93.225/doc/Remarkable%20better%20Censorship%20and%20Secrecy.doc" title="http://209.200.93.225/doc/Remarkable%20better%20Censorship%20and%20Secrecy.doc" class="external text">Censorship and Secrecy: Politicizing the U.S. Climate Change Science Program (CCSP)*</a>, Government Accountability Project, June 2005.</li>

<li>"<a rel="nofollow" href="http://209.200.93.225/doc/FACT%20SHEET%20ON%20CENSORSHIP%20OF%20ACCEPTED%20SCIENTIFIC%20CONCLUSIONS%20FROM%20CLIMATE%20CHANGE%20POLICY%20DEVELOPMENT1.doc" title="http://209.200.93.225/doc/FACT%20SHEET%20ON%20CENSORSHIP%20OF%20ACCEPTED%20SCIENTIFIC%20CONCLUSIONS%20FROM%20CLIMATE%20CHANGE%20POLICY%20DEVELOPMENT1.doc" class="external text">Fact Sheet On Censorship of Accepted Scientific Conclusions From Climate Change Policy Development</a>, Government Accountability Project, June 2005.</li>

<li>Andrew C. Revkin, "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/08/politics/08climate.html?hp&ex=1118289600&e" title="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/08/politics/08climate.html?hp&ex=1118289600&e" class="external text">Bush Aide Softened Greenhouse Gas Links to Global Warming</a>", New York Times, June 8, 2005.</li>

<li>Andrew C. Revkin, "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/09/politics/09climate.html" title="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/09/politics/09climate.html" class="external text">White House Calls Editing Climate Files Part of Usual Review</a>", New York Times, June 9, 2005.</li>

<li>"<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/09/opinion/09thu2.html" title="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/09/opinion/09thu2.html" class="external text">A (White) House Party for Lobbyists</a>", Editorial, New York Times, June 9, 2005.</li>

<li>Brendan Coyne, <a rel="nofollow" href="http://newstandardnews.net/content/?action=show_item&itemid=1931" title="http://newstandardnews.net/content/?action=show_item&itemid=1931" class="external text">"White House Aide Resigns Following Whistle Blower’s Charges,"</a> New Standard News, June 13, 2005.</li>

<li>Gary Younge, <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/climatechange/story/0,12374,1505230,00.html" title="http://www.guardian.co.uk/climatechange/story/0,12374,1505230,00.html" class="external text">"US environmental policy chief quits,"</a> Guardian/UK, June 13, 2005.</li>

<li>"<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/31224/story.htm" title="http://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/31224/story.htm" class="external text">Ex-Lobbyist Leaves White House Environmental Job</a>", Reuters, June 14, 2005.</li>

<li>"<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.startribune.com/stories/1519/5451214.html?SID=7mvhak37fs2b3bidmcc0dkfcn7" title="http://www.startribune.com/stories/1519/5451214.html?SID=7mvhak37fs2b3bidmcc0dkfcn7" class="external text">Editorial: Political science/Soft-pedaling climate consensus</a>", Editorial, Minneapolis Star-Tribune, June 13, 2005.</li>

<li>Lisa Sanders, "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.marketwatch.com/news/yhoo/story.asp?source=blq/yhoo&siteid=yhoo&dist=yhoo&guid=%7B03CA702F%2D7BB4%2D46C5%2DADB8%2DCF5D44E3063A%7D" title="http://www.marketwatch.com/news/yhoo/story.asp?source=blq/yhoo&siteid=yhoo&dist=yhoo&guid=%7B03CA702F%2D7BB4%2D46C5%2DADB8%2DCF5D44E3063A%7D" class="external text">Exxon hires Bush energy aide: Figure in global-warming row moves from White House</a>", CBS.MarketWatch.com, June 14, 2005.</li>

<li>"<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2005/06/20050615-3.html" title="http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2005/06/20050615-3.html" class="external text">Press Briefing by Scott McClellan</a>", Office of the Press Secretary, June 15, 2005.</li>

<li>Andrew C. Revkin, "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/15/politics/15climate.html" title="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/15/politics/15climate.html" class="external text">Former Bush Aide Who Edited Reports Is Hired by Exxon</a>", New York Times, June 15, 2005.</li>

<li>Kevin Drum, <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/archives/individual/2005_06/006510.php" title="http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/archives/individual/2005_06/006510.php" class="external text">"Rise and Fall and Rise...ExxonMobile Timeline,"</a> Washington Monthly, June 15, 2005.</li>

<li>Jamie Wilson, "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/usa/story/0,12271,1507554,00.html" title="http://www.guardian.co.uk/usa/story/0,12271,1507554,00.html" class="external text">Bush's climate row aide joins oil giant</a>", Guardian (UK), June 16, 2005.</li>

<li>Roland Watson, "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,11069-1656017,00.html" title="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,11069-1656017,00.html" class="external text">Aide who doctored global warming report joins Exxon</a>", Times Online, June 16, 2005.</li>

<li>"<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/31264/story.htm" title="http://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/31264/story.htm" class="external text">Democrats: White House Cozy with Oil Industry</a>", Reuters, June 16, 2005.</li>

<li>Senator Joe Lieberman, "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://lieberman.senate.gov/newsroom/release.cfm?id=238915" title="http://lieberman.senate.gov/newsroom/release.cfm?id=238915" class="external text">Lieberman Announces New Communications Team: Senator promotes Casey Aden-Wansbury to Communications Director, Rob Sawicki to Press Secretary</a>", Media Release, June 15, 2005.</li>

<li>Mark Hand, "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.prweek.com/news/news_worldwire.cfm?ID=239187&site=3&setcookie=1" title="http://www.prweek.com/news/news_worldwire.cfm?ID=239187&site=3&setcookie=1" class="external text" style="">Ex-environmental council chief nets Exxon PA unit post</a>", PR Week, June 27 2005. (Sub req'd).</li>

</ul>

</div>

-----<a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/revolving/rev_summary.php?id=35193">https://www.opensecrets.org/revolving/rev_summary.php?id=35193</a>still there 2020?  gobush (ex dnc)
also phil<a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/revolving/rev_summary.php?id=50118">https://www.opensecrets.org/revolving/rev_summary.php?id=50118</a>
$2.5m 2019? lobbying, peak 2008 almost 8 million
<a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/clients/summary?id=D000000129&cycle=2020">https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/clients/summary?id=D000000129&cycle=2020</a>==

RS june 07

To direct the White House's spin on global warming, Connaughton appointed Philip Cooney as his top deputy. Cooney had the right

experience for the job: He worked as "climate team leader" for the

American Petroleum Institute. In 1998, the API took part in an

industry coalition that created the "Global Climate Science

Communications Action Plan." The plan, recently entered into evidence by the House Oversight Committee, maps out an elaborate disinformation campaign to prevent "precipitous action on climate

change." The strategy was to sow doubt about global warming,

disseminating industry-funded research to challenge "the science

underpinning the global climate change theory."

Now, with Cooney in the White House, the industry had its own anti-

climate man running the disinformation campaign. As the "action plan"

directed, Cooney set out to censor the EPA's science on global

warming and inject the industry's denialist positions into government

documents. "They decided they didn't need to win the debate on

climate," says Piltz, the former official who exposed Cooney's

tactics. "They just had to leave an atmosphere of uncertainty about

it and dissipate the will for political action."

But for all his credentials as a master of spin, Cooney got off to a

rough start. In May 2002, the administration released its Climate

Action Report, a dispatch to the U.N. that documents progress on

climate-treaty obligations. The report was developed by the EPA, but

internal documents reveal that Cooney edited it to reflect positions

advocated by the API and Ford. On the opening page of the chapter on climate impacts, Cooney inserted a litany of language in bold

intended to cast doubt on the science: "the weakest links in our

knowledge . . . a lack of understanding . . . uncertainties . . .

considerable uncertainty . . . perhaps even greater uncertainty . . .

regarded as tentative."

But the clumsy caveats weren't enough to obscure the report's real

science. With the help of an EPA source, The New York Times filtered

out Cooney's waffling and filed a front-page story that called the

report "a stark shift for the Bush administration. " The report, the

Times observed, detailed "far-reaching effects that global warming

will inflict" and "for the first time mostly blames human actions for

recent global warming."

Cooney was horrified: An obscure government report he had tried to

whitewash now threatened to undermine his former employers in the

energy industry. Panicked, he called on an old friend for help. Myron

Ebell had been a key member of the coalition that crafted the

disinformation "action plan." In fact, casting doubt on global

warming is Ebell's full-time job: He heads the climate-denial

campaign at the Competitive Enterprise Institute, a think tank that

was underwritten in part by ExxonMobil.

Ebell recalls that Cooney was frantic over the story in the

Times. "We tried to put some qualifiers on that chapter in the report," Cooney told him. "We'd take the text from EPA, and then we'd

add a sentence like, 'We don't really know if this is really

happening.' So we tried to do it, but I can see now that we made a

total mess of it."

Ebell's advice to Cooney is contained in a e-mail dated June 3rd,

2002. "Thanks for asking for our help," he wrote. "I know you're in crisis mode. . . . I want to help you cool things down, but after

consulting with the team, I think that what we can do is limited until there is an official statement from the administration

repudiating the report."

That repudiation came the very next day. President Bush himself dismissed the report, saying it had been "put out by the

bureaucracy. " Forget the headlines, he said - there was no shift in the administration' s policy.

What happened next, according to internal e-mails obtained by Rolling Stone, reveals just how seriously the White House took its

intelligence fixing on global warming. Cooney was put in charge of damage control and was apparently instructed to craft a letter to the

Times denying that the president had changed course on climate

change. But this time, Cooney's editor was not just Connaughton, but

Bush's chief political adviser, Karl Rove. The collaboration with

Rove raises questions about Cooney's congressional testimony last

March, in which he insisted, under oath, that he had not discussed

with Rove his work at the CEQ.

The letter drafted by Cooney - and vetted by Rove - insists that the

Climate Action Report "reinforces" the "significant scientific uncertainties" emphasized in the president's climate policy. Edits to

the rough drafts of the letter were blacked out by White House

censors, but Rove's pithy endorsement of the final draft

survived. "Great," he wrote in praise of Cooney's spin. "Defends the

report rather than staying focused on the policy." In other words, Cooney had succeeded in emphasizing the report's overhyped

uncertainties, thus shifting attention away from the White House's do- nothing approach to global warming.

Page 6

At the same time, Cooney got a pat on the back from Bill O'Keefe, his

old boss at API. In a letter to Bush's chief of staff, O'Keefe - by

that point a registered lobbyist for ExxonMobil - urged the president

to tighten up the White House spin machine and make sure all

communications were "on the same page, with the same message."

O'Keefe also faxed a copy to Cooney with a handwritten note

reading, "P.S. You are doing a great job."

From then on, Cooney wielded a heavier pen when editing official

reports on global warming. Not content to obscure science with

uncertainty, he began to rewrite the science itself. Draft documents

made public by the House Oversight Committee reveal that Cooney now had veto power over federal scientists, including Richard Moss,

coordinator of the Climate Change Science Program Office, and even

James Mahoney, the assistant commerce secretary nominally in charge

of America's climate science.

In one document, Moss and Mahoney attempted to push back on several

of Cooney's more than 100 edits to an EPA document called "Our

Changing Planet" - each of which served to amplify uncertainty and

downplay the threat posed by global warming. Cooney repeatedly

overruled Moss and Mahoney with an aggressive "no" scrawled in the

margins. On another document Cooney marked up, he commanded EPA officials that "these changes must be made." Beside one strike-

through marked with a star, Cooney wrote, "Red Flag: Do not cite

National Assessment" - dismissing the landmark report commissioned by Bush's father.

Although some of Cooney's edits were revealed in a New York Times

story in June 2005 that led to his departure, the full extent of his

interference has never been reported. His commissarial coup came in

April 2003, with his revisions to the EPA's Draft Report on the

Environment. He began by deleting the sentence "climate change has

global consequences for human health and the environment. " He then

deleted the top-line assessment by the National Research Council,

which establishes an unequivocal cause-and-effect link - "Greenhouse

gases are accumulating in the atmosphere as the result of human

activities, causing surface air temperatures and subsurface ocean

temperatures to rise." In its place, Cooney wrote the following

mishmash of his own creation: "Some activities emit greenhouse gases

and other substances that directly or indirectly may affect the

balance of incoming and outgoing radiation, thereby potentially

affecting climate on regional and global scales."

The changes sparked a rebellion by the EPA's senior scientists. In an

internal memo uncovered by Congressional investigators, they wrote

that Cooney's edited text "no longer accurately represents scientific

consensus on climate change" and "may leave an impression that

cooling is as much an issue as warming." Whitman was also

furious. "The language that CEQ found acceptable was such pablum,"

she says now. "It was so much below the level of sophistication of

the report that I felt it would have denigrated it all." But her

solution to this problem was to simply delete the section on climate

change - handing Cooney a carte-blanche victory.

Whitman says she killed the section hoping that scientific documents

included with the report would speak for themselves. But the

capitulation helped drive her to the breaking point. Four days after

bowing to Cooney, she resigned as head of the EPA.

Internal documents uncovered by Rolling Stone reveal that Cooney did

far more than edit scientific reports to suit the administration' s

point of view. Just as neoconservative hawk Douglas Feith funneled

false intelligence on Iraq's weapons programs to the vice president,

Cooney steered industry-sponsored junk science on global warming to Cheney. "What disturbed me most," Whitman says, "was the administration' s record of taking the most extreme of the science - what I call the 'political science' - and giving it the same weight as the real science."

The most egregious example of cooked intelligence was a study

underwritten in part by the API, Cooney's former employer. The study,

which purported to show that the twentieth century was not unusually

warm, was authored by two astrophysicists, [gotta be Soon and Baliunas] both of whom were on the payroll of the George C. Marshall Institute, a climate-denial group

funded by ExxonMobil and now headed by Bill O'Keefe, Cooney's former

boss. The paper's publication in a minor German journal in January

2003 quickly created a scandal, with the editor in chief and three

other editors resigning in shame after acknowledging that the paper

was fundamentally flawed and should never have been published.

"It was sham science," says McCarthy, the Harvard scientist. "It's

almost laughable, except that this study was held up by the

administration as a definitive refutation of the temperature record."

But even as the paper was being discredited, it was causing great

excitement in the White House. When Kathie Olsen of the Office of

Science and Technology Policy forwarded the study to Cooney, he

responded with an enthusiastic, "Thanks, Kathie!" Six minutes later,

according to internal e-mails, the study was in the hands of Kevin

O'Donovan, who served as Cheney's point man on climate. The study

also grabbed President Bush's attention, as revealed in an e-mail

sent two days later to a high-ranking White House official: "Bob - if

you din't [sic] already have, this is the study the President was

talking about."

The study gave Cheney's office the quasi-plausible refutation of

climate science it was waiting for. According to a memo reviewed by

congressional investigators, but which the CEQ refused to make

public, Cooney was eager to promote the sham science. The study, he e-

mailed O'Donovan, "represents an opening to potentially reinvigorate

debate on the actual climate history of the past 1,000 years." The

paper, he added, "contradicts the dogmatic view held by many in the

climate science community that the past century was the warmest in

the past millennium. . . . We plan to begin to refer to this study in

administration communications on the science of global climate

change."

One e-mail exchange about the study underscores just how many

industry foxes were guarding the climate henhouse. When Matthew Koch (a White House energy adviser who today lobbies for API) saw the

study, he wrote to Cooney (the former API lobbyist who is

now "corporate issues manager" for ExxonMobil) and CC'd O'Donovan

(who now works for Shell Oil).

"What??!!" Koch wrote in mock disbelief at the study's claim that the

planet isn't really heating up. "I want to grow oranges in the

Arctic!"

Such joking aside, the administration continues to hold up the

discredited study as a counterweight to the IPCC's scientific, peer-

reviewed findings on global warming. Testifying before the House

Oversight Committee in March, Connaughton lauded the study as a "new

and major piece of science." His only regret, he said, is that "I'm

not a scientist, so I can't find it conclusive."

Although Cooney resigned in 2005, the campaign of disinformation he

implemented had the desired effect. Two months after Cooney returned

to work for ExxonMobil, the Cheney energy plan was passed into law. A massive giveaway for the fossil-fuel industry, the Energy Policy Act [2005]

authorized $6 billion in subsidies for oil and gas production and

another $9 billion for coal producers. Worst of all, the bill fast-

tracked the construction of coal-fired power plants that would hasten

global warming.

Nor did Cooney's return to the oil industry spell an end to the

administration' s meddling in climate science. Less than a month

later, before the G8 summit on climate change, the administration

killed the opening line of the eight-country report - "Our world is

warming" - and quashed a section that cited "increasingly compelling

evidence of climate change." Last month, in negotiations leading up

to the newest round of G8 talks, the administration blocked another

motion that "resolute action is urgently needed in order to reduce

global greenhouse gas emissions."

"It's the ideological bent of the current administration, " says

McCarthy. "They seem absolutely resistant to any call to action, no

matter what the science says."

Indeed, the campaign to sow doubts about climate change has grown

more aggressive in recent years. No longer is the administration

simply censoring scientific reports - it has moved to silence the

scientists themselves. In the wake of Hurricane Katrina, the

administration refused to allow a top federal scientist whose

research links increased hurricane intensity to global warming to

speak to the press. It sent out a gag order to top government polar

scientists, demanding that anyone attending international scientific

conventions agree not to speak to reporters about "climate change,

polar bears and sea ice." And it ordered a former intern from the

Bush-Cheney campaign in the NASA press office to prevent Dr. James Hansen, the godfather of global-warming science, from talking to the

media.

"Interference with communication of science to the public has been

greater during the current administration than at any time in my

career," Hansen testified before Congress in March, suggesting that

NASA's press office had become an "office of propaganda." This month,

when news leaked that the Pentagon plans to kill a satellite program

critical to monitoring the Earth's climate, NASA's scientists issued

a confidential memo warning that the move "places the overall climate

program in serious jeopardy."

In many ways, the administration' s refusal to budge on global warming

mirrors its intransigence on Iraq.

----

Elizabeth Stolpe, previously in-house lobbyist for Koch Industries, is now Associate Director For Toxics & Environmental Protection at the White House Council on Environmental Quality.=6 yrs of deceit RS full:<section style="">By <a href="http://www.rollingstone.com/contributor/tim-dickinson" rel="author" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial;">Tim Dickinson</a> | <time>June 28, 2007</time></section>That's a big no. The president believes . . . that it should be the goal of policymakers to protect the American way of life. The American way of life is a blessed one.<div style="" align="right"><div style="text-align: left;">– ARI FLEISCHER, WHITE HOUSE PRESS SECRETARY</div><div style="text-align: left;">responding in May 2001 to whether Bush would ask Americans</div></div><div style="text-align: left;" align="right">to curb their first-in-the-world energy consumption</div><div style="text-align: left;" align="right">
</div><div style="" align="right">E<div style="text-align: left;">arlier this year, the world's top climate scientists released a definitive report on global warming. It is now "unequivocal," they concluded, that the planet is heating up. Humans are directly responsible for the planetary heat wave, and only by taking immediate action can the world avert a climate catastrophe. Megadroughts, raging wildfires, decimated forests, dengue fever, legions of Katrinas – unless humans act now to curb our climate-warming pollution, warned the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, "we are in deep trouble."</div>You would think, in the wake of such stark and conclusive findings, that the White House would at least offer some small gesture to signal its concern about the impending crisis. It's not every day, after all, that the leading scientists from 120 nations come together and agree that the entire planet is about to go to hell. But the Bush administration has never felt bound by the reality-based nature of science – especially when it comes from international experts. So after the report became public in February, Vice President Dick Cheney took to the airwaves to offer his own, competing assessment of global warming.<a class="inStoryLink" href="http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/the-10-dumbest-things-ever-said-about-global-warming-20130619" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial;">The 10 Dumbest Things Ever Said About Global Warming</a>"We're going to see a big debate on it going forward," Cheney told ABC News, about "the extent to which it is part of a normal cycle versus the extent to which it's caused by man." What we know today, he added, is "not enough to just sort of run out and try to slap together some policy that's going to 'solve' the problem."Even former White House insiders were shocked by the vice president's see-no-evil performance. "I don't see how he can say that with a straight face anymore," Christine Todd Whitman, who clashed privately with Cheney over climate policy during her tenure as the administration's first chief of the Environmental Protection Agency, tells Rolling Stone. "The consequences of climate change are very real and very negative, but Cheney is not convinced of that. He believes – not quite as much as Senator James Inhofe, that this is a 'hoax' – but that the Earth has been changing since it was formed and to say that climate change is caused by humans is incorrect."<a class="inStoryLink" href="http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/global-warmings-terrifying-new-math-20120719" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial;">Global Warming's Terrifying New Math</a>Cheney's statements were the latest move in the Bush administration's ongoing strategy to block federal action on global warming. It is no secret that industry-connected appointees within the White House have worked actively to distort the findings of federal climate scientists, playing down the threat of climate change. But a new investigation by  Rolling Stone reveals that those distortions were sanctioned at the highest levels of our government, in a policy formulated by the vice president, implemented by the White House Council on Environmental Quality and enforced by none other than Karl Rove. An examination of thousands of pages of internal documents that the White House has been forced to relinquish under the Freedom of Information Act – as well as interviews with more than a dozen current and former administration scientists and climate-policy officials – confirms that the White House has implemented an industry-formulated disinformation campaign designed to actively mislead the American public on global warming and to forestall limits on climate polluters."They've got a political clientele that does not want to be regulated," says Rick Piltz, a former Bush climate official who blew the whistle on White House censorship of global-warming documents in 2005. "Any honest discussion of the science would stimulate public pressure for a stronger policy. They're not stupid."Bush's do-nothing policy on global warming began almost as soon as he took office. By pursuing a carefully orchestrated policy of delay, the White House has blocked even the most modest reforms and replaced them with token investments in futuristic solutions like hydrogen cars. "It's a charade," says Jeremy Symons, who represented the EPA on Cheney's energy task force, the industry-studded group that met in secret to craft the administration's energy policy. "They have a single-minded determination to do nothing – while making it look like they are doing something."I<div style="text-align: left;">t's now almost impossible to fathom that back in 2000, after then-candidate Bush vowed to place caps on carbon pollution, top climate scientists believed he was just the man to take action on global warming. "It looked like we could finally get beyond the fray that had consumed the Clinton administration," recalls James McCarthy, a Harvard climate scientist who co-chaired the previous report issued by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which gaveled down the very day Bush was inaugurated in 2001.</div>Even at that point, the science was in. The U.N. panel linked "most of the warming observed over the last fifty years" to "human activities." That judgment aligned with the National Assessment on climate change, a landmark federal report commissioned by Bush's father in 1990 and completed just before Bush was elected in 2000. The assessment projected dire impacts from global warming – from the extinction of maple trees in New England to a catastrophic loss of snowpack in California. "If we do nothing," McCarthy says, "the lack of water in California will force a mass exodus."But those who were expecting a Nixon-to-China moment from Bush on climate weren't counting on the influence of the vice president and his industrial patrons. In March 2001, Whitman traveled to Italy for climate talks with European allies. She affirmed Bush's commitment to regulating greenhouse gases – a position she had vetted with Condoleezza Rice and Chief of Staff Andy Card. But what Whitman didn't grasp was that when it came to climate, the president was largely irrelevant.Whitman should have had her doubts. Prior to joining the Cabinet, she sought personal assurance from Bush that the EPA would be able to call its own shots without deferring to the CEQ – the Council on Environmental Quality, a policy arm of the White House. As Whitman recalls it, Bush made no effort to mask his bureaucratic ignorance. "What's CEQ?" he asked blankly.Cheney took full advantage of the president's cluelessness, bringing the CEQ into his own portfolio. "The environment and energy issues were really turned over to him from the beginning," Whitman says. The CEQ became Cheney's shadow EPA, with industry calling the shots. To head up the council, Cheney installed James Connaughton, a former lobbyist for industrial polluters, who once worked to help General Electric and ARCO skirt responsibility for their Superfund waste sites.Industry swiftly took advantage of its new friend in the White House. In a fax sent to the CEQ on February 6th, 2001 – two weeks after Bush took office – ExxonMobil's top lobbyist, Randy Randol, demanded a housecleaning of the scientists in charge of studying global warming. Exxon urged CEQ to dump Robert Watson, who chaired the IPCC, along with Rosina Bierbaum and Mike MacCracken, who had coordinated the National Assessment.Exxon's wish was the CEQ's command. According to an internal e-mail obtained by Rolling Stone, Connaughton's first order of business – even before his nomination was made public – was to write his White House colleagues-to-be from his law firm of Sidley & Austin. He echoed Exxon's call that Bierbaum, the acting director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, be "dealt." In the end, each of the scientists on Exxon's hit list was replaced. "It was clear there was a strong lobby and activity against me by some in the energy industry – especially ExxonMobil," says Watson.A month after Exxon's fax, Whitman got her first sign that the EPA was no longer in charge of climate policy. "When I made the statement in Italy that something might happen on CO2," she says, "the utility industry got really engaged, and all of that caused a rethink." In a move Cheney is suspected of engineering, conservative senators Jesse Helms, Chuck Hagel and Larry Craig wrote the White House on March 6th seeking a "clarification" of the president's policy.Two days later, the climate "rethink" was laid out in a memo by a team of advisers loyal to Cheney – two of whom, Andrew Lundquist and Karen Knutson, would go on to lead the vice president's energy task force. The memo – provided to Rolling Stone by a former administration official – concluded that Bush's campaign promise to regulate CO2 "did not fully reflect the president's position" and that "it would be premature at this time to propose any specific policy or approach aimed at addressing global warming." The authors dismissed both the IPCC and the National Assessment, writing that "the current state of scientific knowledge about causes of and solutions to global warming is inconclusive and . . . must await further scientific inquiry."When Whitman heard that Bush was wavering on warming, she "broke through the palace guard," as the president had urged her to do, and marched into the Oval Office. "I wanted to tell him that there were ways to call for a cap on carbon that wouldn't hamstring the economy," she says, "and that it was vitally important we not be seen as ignoring the issue of climate change." But before Whitman could even present her case, the president cut her off. "It was clear the decision had already been made," she says.As a dumbstruck Whitman walked out of the Oval Office, she bumped into the true Decider. There was Cheney, collecting the envelope from a secretary that contained Bush's "clarification" on climate-warming pollution – which he was on his way to deliver, in person, to his allies in the Senate.A<div style="text-align: left;">lthough the letter was signed by the president, it bore Cheney's unmistakable stamp. Quoting the language of the vice president's energy staffers almost verbatim, it not only reversed Bush's promise to regulate CO2, it also made a sweeping new declaration: that carbon dioxide "is not a 'pollutant' under the Clean Air Act." (The administration would cling to this untenable position for six years, until the Supreme Court ruled in April that federal law compels the EPA to take regulatory action on climate pollution.)</div>The letter concluded with a hint of things to come: "I look forward to working with you and others to address global climate change issues in the context of a national energy policy." Bush's about-face on planet-warming pollution thus enabled Cheney to take control of the White House's energy policy and to work with industry behind closed doors to craft a polluter-friendly approach to global warming. "By having control of the energy plan, the vice president also had the reins on the climate policy," says Symons, who sat in on Cheney's energy task force. "The ideology is simple: You don't put limits on greenhouse-gas pollution, because that might put limits on coal and oil – and that would hurt industry's performance. Everything else flowed from that."As he shaped climate policy, Cheney took his cues from the Global Climate Coalition, an alliance of anti-Kyoto polluters that included the top lobbying arms of the oil and coal industries. In June 2001, the administration dispatched Paula Dobriansky, the undersecretary of state for global affairs, to address the GCC at the headquarters of the American Petroleum Institute. In her speech, Dobriansky was glad to give the industry crowd credit for the president's decision to withdraw from the international treaty designed to slow climate change. Her talking points from that day read, "POTUS rejected Kyoto, in part, based on input from you."Documents released under the Freedom of Information Act also reveal that Dobriansky had received a copy of the GCC's "21st Century Climate Action Agenda," a game plan crafted by polluting industries that calls for "a new approach to climate policy" focusing on "voluntary actions" rather than mandatory limits on greenhouse gases. On February 14th, 2002, Bush gave a speech at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration that laid out his policy on global warming for the first time. The speech was a Valentine's Day gift to polluters, officially enshrining the GCC's agenda, almost point for point, as the White House's climate policy. Under the plan, planet-warming pollution would actually increase by thirty-four percent by 2030. Bush vaguely promised to cut the "intensity" of carbon emissions by eighteen percent over the next ten years – neglecting to mention that the nation was already on track for a fourteen percent reduction. He touted $700 million in new funding for technologies that might someday reduce emissions – money that government auditors were later unable to find any trace of. And he promised that the entire plan would be thoroughly reviewed and re-evaluated – in 2012, four years after he left office.The National Academy of Sciences blasted the policy, saying it lacked a "guiding vision, executable goals, clear timetables and criteria for measuring progress." Even the technology promoted in the president's plan was bogus. "It's as if these people were not cognizant of the existing science," one member of the academy remarked. "Stuff that would have been cutting-edge in 1980 is listed as a priority for the future."I<div style="text-align: left;">n his Valentine's Day speech, Bush gave credit to the man who Cheney had placed in charge of crafting the nation's climate policy to suit the needs of big polluters. "I want to thank Jim Connaughton, who is the chairman of the Council on Environmental Quality," Bush declared. "He's done a fabulous job of putting this policy together."</div>Connaughton's mission at the CEQ was to make sure climate regulations never got in the way of energy development. A Yale-educated lawyer, Connaughton comes across like a slightly caffeinated Ron Howard, with a manic energy and a balding pate of wispy red hair. As head of the CEQ he put a green spin on polluter-friendly measures: Lowering air quality became the "Clear Skies Initiative," while allowing timber companies to step up their clear-cutting was dubbed the "Healthy Forests Initiative."To direct the White House's spin on global warming, Connaughton appointed Philip Cooney as his top deputy. Cooney had the right experience for the job: He worked as "climate team leader" for the American Petroleum Institute. In 1998, the API took part in an industry coalition that created the "Global Climate Science Communications Action Plan." The plan, recently entered into evidence by the House Oversight Committee, maps out an elaborate disinformation campaign to prevent "precipitous action on climate change." The strategy was to sow doubt about global warming, disseminating industry-funded research to challenge "the science underpinning the global climate change theory."Now, with Cooney in the White House, the industry had its own anti-climate man running the disinformation campaign. As the"action plan" directed, Cooney set out to censor the EPA's science on global warming and inject the industry's denialist positions into government documents. "They decided they didn't need to win the debate on climate," says Piltz, the former official who exposed Cooney's tactics. "They just had to leave an atmosphere of uncertainty about it and dissipate the will for political action."But for all his credentials as a master of spin, Cooney got off to a rough start. In May 2002, the administration released its Climate Action Report, a dispatch to the U.N. that documents progress on climate-treaty obligations. The report was developed by the EPA, but internal documents reveal that Cooney edited it to reflect positions advocated by the API and Ford. On the opening page of the chapter on climate impacts, Cooney inserted a litany of language in bold intended to cast doubt on the science: "the weakest links in our knowledge . . . a lack of understanding . . . uncertainties . . . considerable uncertainty…perhaps even greater uncertainty . . . regarded as tentative."But the clumsy caveats weren't enough to obscure the report's real science. With the help of an EPA source, The New York Times filtered out Cooney's waffling and filed a front-page story that called the report "a stark shift for the Bush administration." The report, the Times observed, detailed "far-reaching effects that global warming will inflict" and "for the first time mostly blames human actions for recent global warming."Cooney was horrified: An obscure government report he had tried to whitewash now threatened to undermine his former employers in the energy industry. Panicked, he called on an old friend for help. Myron Ebell had been a key member of the coalition that crafted the disinformation "action plan." In fact, casting doubt on global warming is Ebell's full-time job: He heads the climate-denial campaign at the Competitive Enterprise Institute, a think tank that was underwritten in part by ExxonMobil.Ebell recalls that Cooney was frantic over the story in the Times. "We tried to put some qualifiers on that chapter in the report," Cooney told him. "We'd take the text from EPA, and then we'd add a sentence like, "We don't really know if this is really happening.' So we tried to do it, but I can see now that we made a total mess of it."Ebell's advice to Cooney is contained in a e-mail dated June 3rd, 2002. "Thanks for asking for our help," he wrote. "I know you're in crisis mode. . . . I want to help you cool things down, but after consulting with the team, I think that what we can do is limited until there is an official statement from the administration repudiating the report."That repudiation came the very next day. President Bush himself dismissed the report, saying it had been "put out by the bureaucracy." Forget the headlines, he said – there was no shift in the administration's policy.W<div style="text-align: left;">hat happened next, according to internal e-mails obtained by  Rolling Stone, reveals just how seriously the White House took its intelligence fixing on global warming. Cooney was put in charge of damage control and was apparently instructed to craft a letter to the Times denying that the president had changed course on climate change. But this time, Cooney's editor was not just Connaughton, but Bush's chief political adviser, Karl Rove. The collaboration with Rove raises questions about Cooney's congressional testimony last March, in which he insisted, under oath, that he had not discussed with Rove his work at the CEQ.</div>The letter drafted by Cooney – and vetted by Rove – insists that the Climate Action Report "reinforces" the "significant scientific uncertainties" emphasized in the president's climate policy. Edits to the rough drafts of the letter were blacked out by White House censors, but Rove's pithy endorsement of the final draft survived. "Great," he wrote in praise of Cooney's spin. "Defends the report rather than staying focused on the policy." In other words, Cooney had succeeded in emphasizing the report's overhyped uncertainties, thus shifting attention away from the White House's do-nothing approach to global warming.At the same time, Cooney got a pat on the back from Bill O'Keefe, his old boss at API. In a letter to Bush's chief of staff, O'Keefe – by that point a registered lobbyist for ExxonMobil – urged the president to tighten up the White House spin machine and make sure all communications were "on the same page, with the same message." O'Keefe also faxed a copy to Cooney with a handwritten note reading, "P.S. You are doing a great job."From then on, Cooney wielded a heavier pen when editing official reports on global warming. Not content to obscure science with uncertainty, he began to rewrite the science itself. Draft documents made public by the House Oversight Committee reveal that Cooney now had veto power over federal scientists, including Richard Moss, coordinator of the Climate Change Science Program Office, and even James Mahoney, the assistant commerce secretary nominally in charge of America's climate science.In one document, Moss and Mahoney attempted to push back on several of Cooney's more than 100 edits to an EPA document called "Our Changing Planet" – each of which served to amplify uncertainty and downplay the threat posed by global warming. Cooney repeatedly overruled Moss and Mahoney with an aggressive "no" scrawled in the margins. On another document Cooney marked up, he commanded EPA officials that "these changes must be made." Beside one strike-through marked with a star, Cooney wrote, "Red Flag: Do not cite National Assessment" – dismissing the landmark report commissioned by Bush's father.Although some of Cooney's edits were revealed in a New York Times story in June 2005 that led to his departure, the full extent of his interference has never been reported. His commissarial coup came in April 2003, with his revisions to the EPA's Draft Report on the Environment. He began by deleting the sentence "climate change has global consequences for human health and the environment." He then deleted the top-line assessment by the National Research Council, which establishes an unequivocal cause-and-effect link – "Greenhouse gases are accumulating in the atmosphere as the result of human activities, causing surface air temperatures and subsurface ocean temperatures to rise." In its place, Cooney wrote the following mishmash of his own creation: "Some activities emit greenhouse gases and other substances that directly or indirectly may affect the balance of incoming and outgoing radiation, thereby potentially affecting climate on regional and global scales."The changes sparked a rebellion by the EPA's senior scientists. In an internal memo uncovered by Congressional investigators, they wrote that Cooney's edited text "no longer accurately represents scientific consensus on climate change" and "may leave an impression that cooling is as much an issue as warming." Whitman was also furious. "The language that CEQ found acceptable was such pablum," she says now. "It was so much below the level of sophistication of the report that I felt it would have denigrated it all." But her solution to this problem was to simply delete the section on climate change – handing Cooney a carte-blanche victory.Whitman says she killed the section hoping that scientific documents included with the report would speak for themselves. But the capitulation helped drive her to the breaking point. Four days after bowing to Cooney, she resigned as head of the EPA.I<div style="text-align: left;">nternal documents uncovered by  Rolling Stone reveal that Cooney did far more than edit scientific reports to suit the administration's point of view. Just as neoconservative hawk Douglas Feith funneled false intelligence on Iraq's weapons programs to the vice president, Cooney steered industry-sponsored junk science on global warming to Cheney. "What disturbed me most," Whitman says, "was the administration's record of taking the most extreme of the science – what I call the 'political science' – and giving it the same weight as the real science."</div>The most egregious example of cooked intelligence was a study underwritten in part by the API, Cooney's former employer. The study, which purported to show that the twentieth century was not unusually warm, was authored by two astrophysicists, both of whom were on the payroll of the George C. Marshall Institute, a climate-denial group funded by ExxonMobil and now headed by Bill O'Keefe, Cooney's former boss. The paper's publication in a minor German journal in January 2003 quickly created a scandal, with the editor in chief and three other editors resigning in shame after acknowledging that the paper was fundamentally flawed and should never have been published."It was sham science," says McCarthy, the Harvard scientist. "It's almost laughable, except that this study was held up by the administration as a definitive refutation of the temperature record."But even as the paper was being discredited, it was causing great excitement in the White House. When Kathie Olsen of the Office of Science and Technology Policy forwarded the study to Cooney, he responded with an enthusiastic, "Thanks, Kathie!" Six minutes later, according to internal e-mails, the study was in the hands of Kevin O'Donovan, who served as Cheney's point man on climate. The study also grabbed President Bush's attention, as revealed in an e-mail sent two days later to a high-ranking White House official: "Bob – if you din't [sic] already have, this is the study the President was talking about."The study gave Cheney's office the quasi-plausible refutation of climate science it was waiting for. According to a memo reviewed by congressional investigators, but which the CEQ refused to make public, Cooney was eager to promote the sham science. The study, he e-mailed O'Donovan, "represents an opening to potentially reinvigorate debate on the actual climate history of the past 1,000 years." The paper, he added, "contradicts the dogmatic view held by many in the climate science community that the past century was the warmest in the past millennium. . . .We plan to begin to refer to this study in administration communications on the science of global climate change."One e-mail exchange about the study underscores just how many industry foxes were guarding the climate henhouse. When Matthew Koch (a White House energy adviser who today lobbies for API) saw the study, he wrote to Cooney (the former API lobbyist who is now "corporate issues manager" for ExxonMobil) and CC'd O'Donovan (who now works for Shell Oil)."What??!!" Koch wrote in mock disbelief at the study's claim that the planet isn't really heating up. "I want to grow oranges in the Arctic!"Such joking aside, the administration continues to hold up the discredited study as a counterweight to the IPCC's scientific, peer-reviewed findings on global warming. Testifying before the House Oversight Committee in March, Connaughton lauded the study as a "new and major piece of science." His only regret, he said, is that "I'm not a scientist, so I can't find it conclusive."A<div style="text-align: left;">lthough Cooney resigned in 2005, the campaign of disinformation he implemented had the desired effect. Two months after Cooney returned to work for Exxon-Mobil, the Cheney energy plan was passed into law. A massive giveaway for the fossil-fuel industry, the Energy Policy Act authorized $6 billion in subsidies for oil and gas production and another $9 billion for coal producers. Worst of all, the bill fast-tracked the construction of coal-fired power plants that would hasten global warming.</div>Nor did Cooney's return to the oil industry spell an end to the administration's meddling in climate science. Less than a month later, before the G8 summit on climate change, the administration killed the opening line of the eight-country report – "Our world is warming" – and quashed a section that cited "increasingly compelling evidence of climate change." Last month, in negotiations leading up to the newest round of G8 talks, the administration blocked another motion that "resolute action is urgently needed in order to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions.""It's the ideological bent of the current administration," says McCarthy. "They seem absolutely resistant to any call to action, no matter what the science says."Indeed, the campaign to sow doubts about climate change has grown more aggressive in recent years. No longer is the administration simply censoring scientific reports – it has moved to silence the scientists themselves. In the wake of Hurricane Katrina, the administration refused to allow a top federal scientist whose research links increased hurricane intensity to global warming to speak to the press. It sent out a gag order to top government polar scientists, demanding that anyone attending international scientific conventions agree not to speak to reporters about "climate change, polar bears and sea ice." And it ordered a former intern from the Bush-Cheney campaign in the NASA press office to prevent Dr. James Hansen, the godfather of global-warming science, from talking to the media."Interference with communication of science to the public has been greater during the current administration than at any time in my career," Hansen testified before Congress in March, suggesting that NASA's press office had become an "office of propaganda." This month, when news leaked that the Pentagon plans to kill a satellite program critical to monitoring the Earth's climate, NASA's scientists issued a confidential memo warning that the move "places the overall climate program in serious jeopardy."In many ways, the administration's refusal to budge on global warming mirrors its intransigence on Iraq. No matter how bad the reports from the field get, Bush appears determined to stay the course. "Never once – not a single time – have they revisited the decision to not do anything serious about global warming," says Symons, who sat in on Cheney's task force. "They say it's more 'serious' now than they did earlier on. But the president has never said, 'Let's start over and come up with a real plan.'"Even when Bush proposes what looks like a plan, it's designed to stall real progress on global warming. In May, America's allies in the G8 unveiled an ambitious proposal: Member nations would cut planet-warming pollution in half by 2050, accepting mandatory caps on carbon emissions. But the administration flatly rejected the plan, which it called "fundamentally incompatible with the president's approach to climate change."Instead, at the G8 summit on June 6th, Bush pushed what he touted as his "new initiative" for combating climate change. For the first time, the president acknowledged that "long-term goals for reducing greenhouse gases" are needed. But his solution, in essence, is to take his do-nothing strategy global, turning our allies into a Coalition of the Warming. Under his proposal, mandatory caps on emissions would be replaced with "aspirational goals" to be met through voluntary cuts and futuristic technology. Countries would work independently for the next "ten to twenty years" to develop strategies to "improve energy security, reduce air pollution and also reduce greenhouse gases" – apparently in that order.And when will the United States and other polluting nations be expected to meet the nonbinding targets they set for themselves under Bush's plan? Not until as late as 2075 – well past the point that global warming will have superheated the planet.This story is from the June 28, 2007 issue of Rolling Stone.<div style="text-align: left;">
</div><div style="text-align: left;">
</div><div style="text-align: left;">Read more: <a href="http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/six-years-of-deceit-20070628#ixzz3Cwc6Z01T" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial;">http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/six-years-of-deceit-20070628#ixzz3Cwc6Z01T</a> </div><div style="text-align: left;">Follow us: <a href="http://ec.tynt.com/b/rw?id=bbJxak64Kr4kEzacwqm_6l&u=rollingstone" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial;">@rollingstone on Twitter</a> | <a href="http://ec.tynt.com/b/rf?id=bbJxak64Kr4kEzacwqm_6l&u=RollingStone" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial;">RollingStone on Facebook</a></div><div style="text-align: left;">=</div><div style="text-align: left;">desmog coc</div><div style="text-align: left;">
</div><div style="text-align: left;">November 10, 1999<a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/sites/beta.desmogblog.com/files/API%20CO2%20petition%20response.pdf" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">A leaked memo</a> obtained by DeSmog revealed efforts as early as 1999 by the <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/american-petroleum-institute" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">American Petroleum Institute (API)</a> lobbyist Phil A. Cooney to campaign against the regulation of CO2 and other Greenhouse Gases. The API memo invites a range of industry representatives ,including Robin Conrad/Bill Kovacs of the US Chamber, to meet to discuss a petition by environmentalists for the EPA to regulate CO2, Methane, Nitrous Oxide, and HFCs. <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/us-chamber-commerce#s126" style="text-decoration-line: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">[126]</a>, <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/us-chamber-commerce#s127" style="text-decoration-line: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">[127]</a>“We would like to invite you to attend a breakfast meeting at API to exchange information on this petition and to discuss preliminarily options for responding, on a joint or individual basis,” the invitation reads. It was addressed to the following: <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/us-chamber-commerce#s126" style="text-decoration-line: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">[126]</a><ul style="margin: 1.5em 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li>Julie Becker (Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers)</li><li>Jan Amundson/Mark Whitenton (NAM)</li><li>Robin Conrad/Bill Kovacs (US Chamber of Commerce)</li><li>Sharon Kneiss (American Forest & Paper Association)</li><li>Bruce Steiner (American Iron and Steel Institute)</li><li>Glenn Kelly (Global Climate Coalition)</li><li>Alan Schaeffer/Fem Abrams (American Trucking Association)</li><li>John Wetzel (American Association of Railroads)</li><li>Connie Holmes/Harold Quinn (National Mining Association)</li><li>Bob Strieter (Aluminum Association)</li><li>Ed Merlis (Air Transport Association)</li><li>Tom Parker (Chemical Manufacturers Association)</li><li>Maurice McBride/Bob Decaprio (NP & RA)</li><li>John Huber (PMAA)</li><li>Bill Fang/Paul Bailey (Edison Electric Institute)</li><li>Dennis Stolte/Adam Sharpe (American Farm Bureau Federation)</li><li>Joe Cox (Chamber of Shipping of America)</li><li>Tom Allegretti (American Waterways Operators)</li><li>Bill Fay (American Highway Users Association)</li><li>Martin Whitmer (American Road and Transportation Builders Association)</li><li>Tracy Norberg (Rubber Manufacturers Association)</li><li>Ivette Rivera (National Automobile Dealers Association)</li><li>Bob Stewart/Bob Moran (National Ocean Industries Association)</li><li>Glenn Keller (Engine Manufacturers Association)</li><li>Thomas Tate (Aerospace Industries Association of America)</li><li>David D'Onofrio (National Small Business United)</li><li>Andy O'Hare (American Portland Cement Alliance)</li><li>Gary Evans (National Rural Electric Cooperative Association)</li><li>Diane Bateman (The Fertilizer Institute)</li><li>Fred Palmer (Western Fuels Association)</li><li>Kevin Belford (American Gas Association)</li></ul>April 29, 1998According to an <a href="http://research.greenpeaceusa.org/?a=view&d=1880" target="_blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">invitation letter retrieved from Greenpeace research archives</a>, the United States Chamber of Commerce hosted a “major national conference on the proposed Kyoto climate change protocol.” <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/us-chamber-commerce#s103" style="text-decoration-line: none; color: rgb(51, 153, 204);">[103]</a><blockquote style="margin: 1.5em 30px;">“While much has been said and written about the science of climate change and the economic implications of the proposed Kyoto Protocol, little attention has been given to the effect of this sweeping and hastily drafted treaty on the sovereignty and national security of the United States,” read the the letter from R. Bruce Josten, the Chamber's Executive Vice President of Government Affairs, to Representative Lois Caps.</blockquote>The conference was titled “The Kyoto Climate Treaty: American Sovereignty and Security at Risk.” View a promotional flyer below:</div><div style="text-align: left;">===</div>

</div>

Cooney, P

Attachments