Phillips, Howard

founding member of the Council on National Policy (CNP)
wreck crew says author of defund left strat and mentor to JA p 80-

JA and How P help Olie in congress spitz channell rauses $ (much skimmed) iran contra

---from pratt:
<div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Along with his gun work, Pratt was involved during the Reagan years in a wide range of social and foreign policy issues. He was a member of the Council for National Policy, a think tank bringing together leading conservative figures to generate policy for the new administration. In 1980, he founded the Committee to Protect the Family Foundation, which raised money for anti-gay campaigns and assisted the anti-abortion group Operation Rescue with legal defenses. In 1986, during the depths of the AIDS crisis, Pratt bought ads around the country highlighting a D.C. law forbidding health insurance companies from denying coverage and raising rates for people who test positive for HIV. "We don't think AIDS should have civil rights," Pratt told the Los Angeles Times. "The law is a dangerous and outrageous precedent for other wacko legislators to follow. [Those who support it should be] held accountable for voting to support homosexual privileges."</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">The following year, Pratt called for the quarantine of people suffering from AIDS. "Our judges coddle criminals instead of caring for the victims of crime," he wrote in a Family Foundation fundraising letter. "They've chased God out of our schools, defended abortions…and now they are trying to infect us and kill us with strange and horrible diseases."</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Pratt's activities didn't stop at the U.S. border. Throughout the 1980s, Pratt added the last missing element to his extensive portfolio of conservative causes: foreign policy.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Pratt did more than support Reagan's arms build-up. He assumed a major role in a global operation assisting in the brutal, sometimes extralegal, execution of Reagan's "full-court press" against leftist forces in Central America and beyond. Under the direction of his friend Pat Buchanan, Pratt served as secretary for the privately run Council for Inter-American Security, or CIS. Ostensibly a think tank advocating an "activist" hemispheric foreign policy, the CIS in fact engaged in propaganda and intelligence gathering in the service of U.S. client states.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Sometimes this made a scramble of Pratt's anti-statist ideology. When it came to the ATF, he saw an American Stasi. But he was happy to help the FBI build files on activists.During Pratt's tenure, the CIS collaborated with the Bureau in tracking undocumented Salvadoran refugees living in the U.S. In his book, Break-ins, Death Threats and the FBI: The Covert War Against the Central America Movement, Ross Gelbspan documented the joint CIS-FBI effort to identify and deport political refugees back to El Salvador. The Political Asylum Project of the American Civil Liberties Union estimates that of the 154 people sent back between 1983 and 1984, over 100 were either killed or disappeared.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">The CIS was part of a larger network of rightwing Cold War groups that launched Pratt well beyond his public orbit of religious conservatives focused on guns, taxes, and abortion. One CIS allied organization was the Unification Church-funded World Anti-Communist League (WACL) a notorious Who's Who federation of neo-Nazis, war criminals, and rightwing terror outfits. A Washington Post reporter who observed the League's 1979 conference counted "former Nazi SS officers, two neo-fascists from Italy reportedly wanted for terrorist acts, [and] members of Alpha 66, a right-wing Cuban exile group." (The reporter didn't know it at the time, but one of the attendees he quoted, Sam Dickson, was a white power activist and Atlanta-based Klan attorney.) The chair of WACL's US branch was Roger Pearson, a former Heritage Foundation hire of Pratt's friend Paul Weyrich. After revelations of Pearson's neo-Nazi activities, he stepped down, replaced by Elmore D. Greaves, a former organizer with the segregationist Citizens Councils.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="">During the 1980s and early Nineties, it was difficult to look at Pratt's network without tripping over a WACL connection. Pratt was also active in the United States Taxpayers Party, led by WACL member Howard Phillips. WACL ties carried over into a transitional phase of Pratt's activism: His work hyping Hispanic immigration and bilingual education as national security threats. In the mid-Eighties, Pratt launched another organization, English First, as a project within his Family Foundation to wage a racially charged war against bilingual education. He got help from Anthony Bouscaren, a CIS advisor who also sat on the board of WACL. Bouscaren's publishing credits included numerous articles in the neo-Nazi Roger Pearson's Journal for Social, Political and Economic Studies. This didn't stop more than a dozen GOP legislators, including Dick Armey, from joining the board.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">It was during his involvement in Central American policy and supporting counterinsurgencies around the world that Pratt made multiple trips to Guatemala to observe rural "Civil Defense Patrols." Contemporary human rights observers (and two subsequent Truth Commissions) consider them "death squads" for their role in killing and torturing civilians. But Pratt found much to admire. He combined observations from these visits with similarly impressed notes on the Civilian Home Defense Forces, vigilante patrols in Ferdinand Marcos' Philippines, for a slim book published by the Gun Owners Foundation in 1990, Armed People Victorious. In it, he praises the leadership of Efrain Rios Montt, the country's military leader during 1982 and 1983 who greatly expanded the civil defense patrols. Twenty years later, Guatemalan judges would find Montt guilty of genocide and crimes against humanity. One Amnesty International Report from Montt's tenure detailed massacres in 60 Indian villages over a three-month period, leaving more than 2,500 dead. As late as 2001, Pratt was publically praising Montt as a "powerful Christian leader." In the concluding chapter of Armed People Victorious, titled "Bringing the Lessons Home," Pratt writes:</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">The War on Drugs can be won the same way the guerilla insurgencies were pushed back in Guatemala and the Philippines… The history of the United States for years before and after the founding of the Republic was the history of an armed people with functioning militias involved in civil defense… While the United States has forgotten its successes in this area, other countries have rediscovered them. It is time that the United States return to reliance on an armed people. There is no acceptable alternative.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Having defeated communism abroad, might not similar tactics work against enemies within? After the election of Bill Clinton, a significant chunk of gun culture would begin wondering the same thing — and about enemies more diverse than drug dealers. Just as he did during the social and foreign policy clashes of the Cold War, Larry Pratt would make sure he was right in the middle of things.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">V. Storms of Fire</div>==

Boehm now appears regularly on the program Conservative Roundtable with Howard Phillips , another Republican apparatchik who also specialised in attacking the LSC. Boehm has also taken on the role of climate sceptic, attacking a 60 Minutes special "Dire Predictions on Global Warming" as "unilateral" and 'misleading" and questioning the show's motivations for allowing such a piece to air. He is clearly an expert on this form of media distoriton ... so his views deserve respect!

Peter Flaherty co-hosted a NE

=obithoward Phillips, the founder of the <a href="http://www.conservativeusa.org/about/howard-phillips/?/hpbio.htm" style="">Conservative Caucus</a> and the Constitution Party, three-time presidential candidate and founding father of the religious right, has died. Following a diagnosis of Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) and Alzheimers Disease his health had deteriorated rapidly over the past couple of years, his son explained via Facebook. As the story goes Phillips, Paul Weyrich, and Richard Viguerie got together in the late 1970s using Viguerie’s groundbreaking direct mail company to help Jerry Falwell build the Moral Majority and Paul and Judy Brown build the American Life League. While Weyrich, Vigerie and the Browns were Catholic, Falwell was a Baptist, and Phillips was an evangelical convert from Judaism with great affection for RJ Rushdoony and Christian Reconstructionist leanings.It’s hard to overstate Phillips’ influence in the transformation of the more secular mid-century conservatism of Barry Goldwater and William F. Buckley into today’s religiously-inflected conservatism. In the 1980s Phillips played an important role in the Reagan Revolution as President of the Conservative Caucus, founding member of the Council on National Policy (CNP) and a as a Senior Editor at the Conservative Digest.By the 1990s, finding the Republican party’s shift to the right inadequate, Phillips turned his efforts toward building a viable third party, founding the U.S. Taxpayers Alliance, then the United States Taxpayers Party—now known as <a href="http://www.constitutionparty.com/" style="">The Constitution Party</a>.The Constitution Party’s goal is to “reestablish” Biblical Law as the foundation for American society. Part of the ability of the Constitution Party to endure, despite structural impediments to third parties in the American political system, is no doubt due to longstanding support from Ron Paul, Rand Paul and a dedicated core of their supporters. (I wrote about Rand Paul and the Constitution Party Platform as, in part, an expression of the influence of Christian Reconstructionism on Phillips <a href="http://www.religiondispatches.org/dispatches/guest_bloggers/2679/rand_paul_and_the_influence_of_christian_reconstructionism" style="">here</a>. Sarah Posner has explored the relationship between the Constitution Party, Christian Reconstruction, and Rand Paul <a href="http://www.religiondispatches.org/dispatches/sarahposner/2654/rand_paulwe_wouldn_t_need_laws_if_everyone_were_christian" style="">here</a> and again more recently in <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2013/apr/12/christian-fundamentalism-ron-paul-homeschooling" style="">her piece</a> on Ron Paul’s new homeschooling curriculum in the Guardian.)I interviewed Phillips in 2009 for my current book project. He described meeting Rushdoony in the 1970s and hearing what he thought was the best critique of “socialized medicine… entirely based on the Bible.” He attributes his conversion in part to Rushdoony and spent much time with him in the subsequent years. In 1996 at Rushdoony’s 80th birthday party, Phillips predicted that the architect of dominion theology would be the most influential man of the 21st century.In an interview in 2011 Phillips told Andrea Schwartz of the Chalcedon Foundation that Rushdoony had been his “spiritual father with extraordinary influence on him and his family.” Christian Reconstructionists’ plans for dominion are multigenerational; families are encouraged to build dynasties with 200-year plans and to see their families as central to God’s plan for history.In that 2009 interview Phillips told me about how he had raised his children on Rushdoony’s taped lectures, playing them in his car. While Phillips’ legacy will be far-reaching, it will be built, in part, by one of the sons who listened to those tapes: Doug Phillips, Home School leader and Biblical Patriarch, about whom much has been written <a href="http://www.religiondispatches.org/dispatches/julieingersoll/5877/biblical_patriarchy_advocates_celebrate_titanic_100th_withwomen_and_children_firsttheme" style="">here at RD</a>.When news of Phillips’ passing came Sunday morning, there was an announcement on Rushdoony’s <a href="http://chalcedon.edu/blog/2013/4/21/remembering-howard-phillips/" style="">Chalcedon blog</a> and a small flurry on Twitter. R.C. Sproul Jr., who tweeted about Phillip’s passing, calling him a “hero, statesman, patriarch,” told RD about a conference held at his Highlands Study Center in 2006—“Generations: Giving Honor to Whom Honor is Due”— which brought together the elder and younger Sprouls and Phillips clan. It was moving “to see the bond between them,” he said, explaining how very much alike the two men were.Texas Representative Steve Stockman (R-TX), recently known for his recent campaign bumper sticker “if babies had guns they wouldn’t be aborted,” tweeted Friday asking for prayers for Phillips and his family.=

Howard Phillips, a founding member of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Council_for_National_Policy" title="Council for National Policy">Council for National Policy</a>, is chairman of <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=The_Conservative_Caucus" title="The Conservative Caucus">The Conservative Caucus</a>, a non-partisan nationwide grass-roots public policy advocacy group; president, the Conservative Caucus Foundation; chosen by an overwhelming majority of delegates at the National Convention of the U.S. Taxpayers Party in San Diego, CA on August 17, 1996 to serve as its presidential nominee; president, Policy Analysis, Inc., a public policy research organization which publishes the bimonthly Issues & Strategy Bulletin; headed two agencies during the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Richard_M._Nixon" title="Richard M. Nixon">Richard M. Nixon</a> administration: the President's Council on Youth Opportunity and U.S. Office of Economic Opportunity; published three books: The New Right at Harvard, Moscow's Challenge to U.S. Vital Interests in Southern Africa and The Next Four Years; former chairman, Republican Party of Boston; 1962 graduate, Harvard College."

<h2>Related SourceWatch Resources</h2>

<ul>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Coalition_to_Block_the_North_American_Union" title="Coalition to Block the North American Union">Coalition to Block the North American Union</a></li>

</ul>

<h2>External links</h2>

<ul>

<li><a href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?r101:E26OC9-320:" class="external text" title="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?r101:E26OC9-320:" rel="nofollow">Congressman Dan Burton cites article, referencing visit to Angola by Phillips and Heritage Foundation foreign policy analyst</a> <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Michael_Johns" title="Michael Johns">Michael Johns</a>, "Savimbi's Elusive Victory in Angola," Congressional Record, October 26, 1989.</li>

</ul>

alternet

Kerpen goes on to complain that "cap-and-trade…could send these Green groups trillions…" And they stand to gain "billions," he writes, from "the unspent portion of the stimulus bill," which he wants to see repealed.

In essence, Kerpen's modus operandi is the latter-day equivalent of the "Defund the Left" campaign embarked on by Howard Phillips, a founder of the religious right, during his short stint in the Nixon administration.

----

Coalition to Block the North American Union, headed by <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Howard_Phillips" title="Howard Phillips">Howard Phillips</a>, Chairman of <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=The_Conservative_Caucus" title="The Conservative Caucus">The Conservative Caucus</a> (TCC), Dr. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Jerome_R._Corsi" title="Jerome R. Corsi">Jerome R. Corsi</a>, and <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Phyllis_Schlafly" title="Phyllis Schlafly">Phyllis Schlafly</a> <a href="http://twcmx.blogspot.com/2006/10/bye-bye-to-us-constitution.html" class="external autonumber" title="http://twcmx.blogspot.com/2006/10/bye-bye-to-us-constitution.html" rel="nofollow">[1]</a>, was created in an attempt “to bring attention to what it calls a ‘stealth plan’ to merge the U.S. with Mexico and Canada to create a ‘<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=North_American_Union" title="North American Union">North American Union</a>.” <a href="http://www.wdcmedia.com/newsArticle.php?ID=2131" class="external autonumber" title="http://www.wdcmedia.com/newsArticle.php?ID=2131" rel="nofollow">[2]</a>

==

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<table class="infobox biography vcard" cellspacing="5" style=" width: 22em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">Howard Phillips</th></tr><tr class=""><td colspan="2" class="" style=" text-align: center;"> </td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style=" text-align: left;">Born</th><td class="">February 6, 1941 (age 71)

<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston,Massachusetts" title="Boston, Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect">Boston</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style=" text-align: left;">Residence</th><td class="label"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairfax_County,Virginia" title="Fairfax County, Virginia">Fairfax County</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia%28U.S.state%29" title="Virginia (U.S. state)" class="mw-redirect">Virginia</a></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style=" text-align: left;">Occupation</th><td class="role">Political activist</td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style=" text-align: left;">Political party</th><td class="org"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_Party_%28United_States%29" title="Constitution Party (United States)">Constitution</a></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style=" text-align: left;">Religion</th><td class="category"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian" title="Christian">Christian</a></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style=" text-align: left;">Spouse</th><td class="">Peggy Blanchard Phillips</td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style=" text-align: left;">Children</th><td class=""><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Phillips" title="Douglas Phillips" class="mw-redirect">Douglas Phillips</a>

Amanda

Brad Phillips

Jennifer

Alexandra

Samuel Joshua Phillips</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style=" text-align: center;">Website</th></tr><tr class=""><td colspan="2" class="" style=" text-align: center;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://howardphillips.com/">howardphillips.com</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

Howard Phillips (born February 6, 1941) is a three-time <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">presidential</a> candidate who has served as the chairman of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Conservative_Caucus" title="The Conservative Caucus">The Conservative Caucus</a>, a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservative" title="Conservative" class="mw-redirect">conservative</a> public policy advocacy group founded in 1974.

<h2>Contents</h2>

</div>

<ul>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Phillips_%28politics%29#Personal_life">1 Personal life</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Phillips_%28politics%29#Republican_years">2 Republican years</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Phillips_%28politics%29#Conservative_Caucus">3 Conservative Caucus</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Phillips_%28politics%29#Constitution_Party_years">4 Constitution Party years</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Phillips_%28politics%29#Writings">5 Writings</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Phillips_%28politics%29#References">6 References</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Phillips_%28politics%29#External_links">7 External links</a></li>

</ul>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<h2>Personal life</h2>

<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish" title="Jewish" class="mw-redirect">Jewish</a> by birth and a native of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston,Massachusetts" title="Boston, Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect">Boston</a>, Massachusetts, Phillips converted to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evangelical_Christianity" title="Evangelical Christianity" class="mw-redirect">evangelical Christianity</a> in adulthood<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Phillips%28politics%29#cite_note-0">[1]</a> and has been associated with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Reconstructionism" title="Christian Reconstructionism">Christian Reconstructionism</a>.

A 1962 graduate of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_College" title="Harvard College">Harvard College</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, where he was twice elected chairman of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students%27_union" title="Students' union">Student Council</a>, Phillips is president of Policy Analysis, Inc., a public policy research organization which publishes the bimonthly Issues and Strategy Bulletin.

Phillips and his wife, the former Peggy Blanchard, reside in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairfax_County,Virginia" title="Fairfax County, Virginia">Fairfax County</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia%28U.S.state%29" title="Virginia (U.S. state)" class="mw-redirect">Virginia</a> in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suburb" title="Suburb">suburbs</a>.

<h2>Republican years</h2>

During the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nixon_Administration" title="Nixon Administration" class="mw-redirect">Nixon Administration</a>, Phillips headed two <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">federal</a> agencies, ending his <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_Branch" title="Executive Branch" class="mw-redirect">Executive Branch</a> career as director of the U.S. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_of_Economic_Opportunity" title="Office of Economic Opportunity">Office of Economic Opportunity</a> in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_Office_of_the_President" title="Executive Office of the President" class="mw-redirect">Executive Office of the President</a> for five months in 1973, a position from which he resigned when U.S. President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_M.Nixon" title="Richard M. Nixon" class="mw-redirect">Richard M. Nixon</a> reneged on his commitment to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veto" title="Veto">veto</a> further funding for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Society" title="Great Society">Great Society</a> programs begun in the administration of Nixon's predecessor, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party%28United_States%29" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrat</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a>.

Nixon's appointment of Phillips as Director of OEO in January 1973 touched off a national controversy culminating in a court case in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">United States District Court for the District of Columbia</a> (Williams v. Phillips, 482 F.2d 669) <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Phillips_%28politics%29#cite_note-1">[2]</a> challenging the legality of Phillips' appointment.

<h2>Conservative Caucus</h2>

</td><td class="mbox-text">This section of a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">biography of a living person</a> does not <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">include</a> any <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">references or sources</a>. Please help by adding <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources" class="mw-redirect">reliable sources</a>. Contentious material about living people that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately. (March 2010) </td></tr></tbody></table>

Phillips left the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Republican_Party" title="United States Republican Party" class="mw-redirect">United States Republican Party</a> in 1974 after some two decades of service to the GOP as precinct worker, election warden, campaign manager, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">congressional</a> aide, Boston municipal Republican chairman, and assistant to the Chairman of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_National_Committee" title="Republican National Committee">Republican National Committee</a>. In <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts,1978" title="United States Senate election in Massachusetts, 1978">1978</a>, Phillips finished fourth in the Democratic <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_election" title="Primary election">primary</a> for the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.Senate" title="U.S. Senate" class="mw-redirect">U.S. Senate</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Tsongas" title="Paul Tsongas">Paul Tsongas</a> won the primary and defeated the incumbent, a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Modern liberalism in the United States">liberal</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African-American" title="African-American" class="mw-redirect">African-American</a> Republican, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Brooke" title="Edward Brooke">Edward Brooke</a>, in the November <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_election" title="General election">general election</a>, who had been first elected in 1966.

The Conservative Caucus, a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonpartisan" title="Nonpartisan">nonpartisan</a>, nationwide, grass-roots public policy advocacy group, has been in the thick of battles, in opposition to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_Canal" title="Panama Canal">Panama Canal</a> treaties and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a>-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonid_Brezhnev" title="Leonid Brezhnev">Leonid Brezhnev</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SALT_II" title="SALT II" class="mw-redirect">SALT II</a> treaties in the 1970s, in support of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategic_Defense_Initiative" title="Strategic Defense Initiative">Strategic Defense Initiative</a> and major <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax" title="Tax">tax</a> reductions during the 1980s, and in the vanguard of efforts to terminate Federal subsidies to activist groups under the banner of "defunding the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_left" title="Political left" class="mw-redirect">Left</a>."

In 1982, Phillips joined the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houston,Texas" title="Houston, Texas" class="mw-redirect">Houston</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, political activist <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clymer_Wright" title="Clymer Wright">Clymer Wright</a> in an unsuccessful effort to convince U.S. President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_W.Reagan" title="Ronald W. Reagan" class="mw-redirect">Ronald W. Reagan</a> to dismiss Houston <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attorney_at_law%28United_States%29" title="Attorney at law (United States)" class="mw-redirect">attorney</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_A.Baker,III" title="James A. Baker, III" class="mw-redirect">James A. Baker, III</a>, from the position of presidential chief of staff. Phillips and Wright claimed that Baker, a former Democrat and a political intimate of then <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Herbert_Walker_Bush" title="George Herbert Walker Bush" class="mw-redirect">George Herbert Walker Bush</a>, was undercutting conservative initiatives in the Reagan administration. Not only did Reagan reject the Wright-Phillips request, but in 1985, he named Baker as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">United States Secretary of the Treasury</a>, at Baker's request in a job-swap with then Secretary <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_T.Regan" title="Donald T. Regan" class="mw-redirect">Donald T. Regan</a>, a former <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merrill_Lynch" title="Merrill Lynch">Merrill Lynch</a> officer who became chief of staff. Reagan also rebuked Phillips and Wright for waging a "campaign of sabotage" against Baker.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Phillips_%28politics%29#cite_note-2">[3]</a>

Other Conservative Caucus campaigns have involved opposition to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="North American Free Trade Agreement">North American Free Trade Agreement</a> (NAFTA) and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a>, support for a national version of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>'s <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Proposition_187%281994%29" title="California Proposition 187 (1994)">Proposition 187</a> (to end mandated subsidies for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien%28law%29" title="Alien (law)">illegal aliens</a>), as well as continuing efforts to oppose <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publicly-funded_health_care" title="Publicly-funded health care" class="mw-redirect">publicly-funded health care</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">abortion</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gay_rights" title="Gay rights" class="mw-redirect">gay rights</a>. Phillips is the host of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservative_Roundtable" title="Conservative Roundtable">Conservative Roundtable</a>, a weekly <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_affairs_programming" title="Public affairs programming" class="mw-redirect">public affairs</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Television_program" title="Television program">television program</a>.

During the 1970s and 1980s, Phillips coordinated efforts to build private sector support for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Communist" title="Anti-Communist" class="mw-redirect">anti-Communist</a> "<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_fighter" title="Freedom fighter" class="mw-redirect">freedom fighters</a>" in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central America</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Africa" title="Southern Africa">Southern Africa</a>. He played an instrumental role in the leadership of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Right" title="New Right">New Right</a>, as well as in the founding of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_right" title="Christian right">religious right</a> in 1977. Phillips has led fact-finding missions to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">Eastern Europe</a>, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltic_States" title="Baltic States" class="mw-redirect">Baltic States</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a>, Central America, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Europe" title="Western Europe">Western Europe</a>, and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Far_East" title="Far East">Far East</a>.

<h2>Constitution Party years</h2>

He is one of the founders of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.Taxpayers_Party" title="U.S. Taxpayers Party" class="mw-redirect">U.S. Taxpayers Party</a> (which changed its name to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_Party%28United_States%29" title="Constitution Party (United States)">Constitution Party</a> in 1999), a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_political_party" title="Third political party" class="mw-redirect">third party</a> associated with conservative, pro-life issues, and constitutional government ideas on both social and fiscal issues. He was that party's <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">presidential</a> candidate in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.presidential_election,1992" title="U.S. presidential election, 1992" class="mw-redirect">1992</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.presidential_election,1996" title="U.S. presidential election, 1996" class="mw-redirect">1996</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.presidential_election,2000" title="U.S. presidential election, 2000" class="mw-redirect">2000</a> elections for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a>. Phillips first campaign for president in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.presidential_election,1992" title="U.S. presidential election, 1992" class="mw-redirect">1992</a> ended in a seventh place finish. The campaign received 43,369 votes for 0.04% of the total vote. In <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.presidential_election,1996" title="U.S. presidential election, 1996" class="mw-redirect">1996</a> the Phillips campaign finished sixth with 184,656 votes for 0.19% of the total vote. In the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.presidential_election,2000" title="U.S. presidential election, 2000" class="mw-redirect">2000 election</a> he received 98,020 votes for 0.1% of the total vote and a sixth place finish. In the 1996 campaign, Phillips also endorsed the Republican U.S. Senate nominee, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woody_Jenkins" title="Woody Jenkins">Woody Jenkins</a> in Louisiana, defeated by the Democrat <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Landrieu" title="Mary Landrieu">Mary Landrieu</a>, in a close outcome which Jenkins unsuccessfully disputed before the senators. After the 1992 National Convention in New Orleans, it was discovered that Michael Skaggs, the party's first convention manager, was fired by nominee and founder Howard Phillips because Skaggs did not vote for Phillips at the convention for president. Skaggs, who was also a delegate representing the District of Columbia and was at no time told his vote was a requirement for remaining employed, instead vote for Arizona Governor Evan Mecham. As a result of his vote he was fired from his position with Phillips' group, the Conservative Caucus. The only reason Phillips gave for the firing was Skaggs' vote for Mecham. Skaggs filed a lawsuit for wrongful firing which was settled out of court for a very small amount. At no time has Phillips admitted wrongdoing or taken responsibility for denying Skaggs' First Amendment Voting Rights. The story was reported to a number of conservative news outlets, including "Human Events", "The New American", and "Southern Partisan". Phillips was chosen by an overwhelming majority of delegates at the National Convention of the U.S. Taxpayers Party, in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Diego,_California" title="San Diego, California" class="mw-redirect">San Diego</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, on August 17, 1996 to serve as its presidential candidate.

<h2>Writings</h2>

<ul>

<li>The New Right at Harvard (1983)</li>

<li>Moscow's Challenge to U.S. Vital Interests in Sub-Saharan Africa (1987)</li>

<li>The Next Four Years (1992)</li>

<li>Judicial Tyranny: The New Kings of America? (Amerisearch, 2005) <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0975345567" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-9753455-6-7</a> - contributing author</li>

</ul>

<h2>References</h2>

<li id="cite_note-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Phillips_%28politics%29#cite_ref-0">^{</a></span}> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reformjudaismmag.net/1096bs.html">RJMag 1096 Simon</a></li>

<li id="cite_note-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Phillips_%28politics%29#cite_ref-1">^{</a></span}> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://openjurist.org/482/f2d/669/williams-v-j-phillips">http://openjurist.org/482/f2d/669/williams-v-j-phillips</a></li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Phillips_%28politics%29#cite_ref-2">^{</a></span}> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/05/us/briefing-186924.html">"Phil Gailey and Warren Weaver, Jr., "Briefing""</a>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, June 5, 1982. June 5, 1982. Retrieved January 27, 2011.</li>

</ol>

</div>

<h2>External links</h2>

<ul>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forerunner.com/revolution/howard.html">Video interviews with Howard Phillips</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://howardphillips.com">Howard Phillips' Blog</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.conservativeusa.org">Official Website of The Conservative Caucus</a></li>

<li>Congressman <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Burton%28U.S.Congressman%29" title="Dan Burton (U.S. Congressman)" class="mw-redirect">Dan Burton</a>, referencing a visit to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a> by Phillips and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heritage_Foundation" title="Heritage Foundation" class="mw-redirect">Heritage Foundation</a> foreign policy analyst <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Johns_%28executive%29" title="Michael Johns (executive)">Michael Johns</a>, cited the article <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?r101:E26OC9-320:">"Savimbi's Elusive Victory in Angola"</a> in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_Record" title="Congressional Record">Congressional Record</a>, October 26, 1989.</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=19259">"The Last Honorable Politician"</a>, a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WorldNetDaily" title="WorldNetDaily">WorldNetDaily</a> interview</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.conservativeusa.org/const-ed-goals.htm">The Constitutional Education Project</a>, founded by Phillips,</li>

<li>Speech: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.conservativeusa.org/How2Win.htm">"Why Our Cause Has Been Losing—How We Shall Win"</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.conservativeusa.org/crtsked.htm">Official website</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservative_Roundtable" title="Conservative Roundtable">Conservative Roundtable</a></li>

</ul>

</div>