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</font></div><div style="font-size: small; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">https://www.eenews.net/articles/meet-the-lawyers-teeing-up-the-supreme-court-climate-showdown/</font></div><div style="font-size: small; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">1/22</font></div><div style="font-size: small; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div style="font-size: small;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">a<span georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px">s arguments approach in the most significant Supreme Court environment battle of the decade, teams of lawyers are already making their case for how the justices should view EPA’s climate authority.</span></font><div><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">When the justices take the bench on Feb. 28 to hear arguments i<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">n <b><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">West Virginia v. EPA</span>, </b>they will arrive armed with information from reams of briefs prepared by some of the nation’s leading environmental lawyers.</span></font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><b><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Those attorneys’ arguments will lay the groundwork in a high-stakes case that has the potential to </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0);">upend EPA’s ability to regulate greenhouse gases from power plants </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">— one of the nation’s largest sources of carbon dioxide emissions.</span></font></b></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">the challenge — brought by Republican-led states and coal companies — <b>asks the Supreme Court to overturn a ruling by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit that struck down a Trump-era EPA rule gutting the Obama-era Clean Power Plan.</b></font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The 2015 Obama rule invoked EPA’s authority under the<b> Clean Air Act </b>to set systemwide requirements for power plant emissions reductions.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">After the D.C. Circuit ruling, President Biden’s EPA had a clean slate to craft its own rule. The agency had said it would not return to the Clean Power Plan, whose goals have already been met by the power sector, even though the regulation never took effect.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The justices then took the unusual step of agreeing to hear a dispute over a regulation that does not technically exist.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Their ruling in the case, which is expected by next summer, could not only constrain EPA from issuing a comprehensive new carbon rule but also prevent Congress from handing off broad regulatory authority to federal agencies.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Here are some of the lawyers to know in this year’s high court climate slugfest:</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;" /><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 46px; margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Lindsay See</font></b></h2><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Leading the briefs for West Virginia is Lindsay See, the state’s solicitor general.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The coal-rich state, joined by 18 others, filed the first plea for the Supreme Court to weigh in on EPA’s climate authority. It was followed by three other petitions, which are now consolidated in one massive case.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">See has served as West Virginia’s leading litigator since 2017 and previously worked as an associate at<b> Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher</b> LLP, a firm with a prominent Supreme Court practice.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">She has appeared once before the nation’s highest bench, in a 2018 case related to a discrimination challenge against an exemption in West Virginia tax law that protected state and local — but not federal — employees from having their pension benefits taxed. <b>West Virginia lost the case.</b></font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><b>West Virginia Attorney General Patrick Morrisey (R</b>) and other state lawyers said the D.C. Circuit should not have allowed EPA to regulate power plant emissions under a “rarely used, ancillary provision of the Clean Air Act.” </span>They referred to Section 111(d) of the statute, which served as the basis for the carbon rule.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“Save for a few general factors EPA was to take into account, the lower court told EPA it has ‘no limits’ on the emission-related measures it can impose — on any economic sector or almost any actor,” says the states’ most recent <a href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/20/20-1530/204846/20211213135136223_WV%20v%20EPA%20-%20Opening%20Brief%20for%20WV.pdf" target="blank" rel="noopener" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 51, 153); outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out 0s;">brief</a>, which was signed off on by See.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">See is a Harvard Law School graduate and clerked for former D.C. Circuit Judge Thomas Griffith.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;" /><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 46px; margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Paul Seby</font></b></h2><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">One other state has echoed West Virginia’s arguments in a petition and brief led by a lawyer who has been involved in the EPA carbon rule battle since the Clean Power Plan days.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 102, 0);">Paul Seby, a shareholder at the firm <b style="">Greenberg Traurig</b> LLP and <b style="">special assistant to North Dakota Attorney General Wayne Stenehjem (R</b>)</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">, signed off on a </span><a href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/20/20-1530/204918/20211213175459245_Merits%20Brief%20of%20Petitioner%20the%20State%20of%20North%20Dakota%2020-1530.pdf" target="blank" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 51, 153); outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out 0s;">brief</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> that said the D.C. Circuit ruling “undermines the cooperative federalism framework carefully crafted by Congress” by finding that EPA — rather than states — can set power plant performance standards.</span></font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><b>North Dakota v. EPA</b><i> </i></span>is one of the four petitions in the consolidated Supreme Court case.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Seby has argued against EPA carbon regulations before, back when the Clean Power Plan was before the D.C. Circuit. The court held a marathon argument over the regulation in 2016 but never reached a ruling.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Earlier that year, the Supreme Court had blocked the rule from taking effect, which allowed the Trump administration to dismantle it.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Seby holds a bachelor’s degree from the University of San Diego and a law degree from Lewis & Clark College.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;" /><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 46px; margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Andrew Grossman</font></b></h2><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">One of the other lead petitioners in the climate case, Westmoreland Mining Holdings LLC, hired Andrew Grossman to make its case to the high court.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Grossman leads</span><b style="background-color: rgb(255, 102, 0);"> BakerHostetler’s</b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> appellate practice </span>and is a frequent conservative commentator on wide range of administrative and constitutional issues.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Grossman is an adjunct scholar at the libertarian Cato Institute and a former legal analyst at the Heritage Foundation<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">. </span></b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">He’s also a familiar face on Capitol Hill, having testified several times before the House and Senate Judiciary committees.</span></font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In Westmoreland’s <a href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/20/20-1778/182076/20210618132734780_Westmoreland%20Cert%20Petition.pdf" target="blank" rel="noopener" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 51, 153); outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out 0s;">petition</a>, Grossman raised what some environmental advocates referred to as a killer question: whether EPA may use Section 111(d) to create performance standards for existing stationary sources under the provision’s “hazardous air pollutants” program.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The justices granted the petition alongside others, but they said they would<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0);"> only consider the second question posed by Westmoreland’s petition: whether EPA’s carbon rule violated the major questions doctrine,</span> which restricts federal agencies from deciding issues of “vast economic and political significance.”</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Grossman attended Dartmouth College and the<b> George Mason University’s  SCALIA School of Law.</b></font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;" /><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 46px; margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Yaakow Roth</font></b></h2><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The fourth <a href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/20/20-1530/204904/20211213163113690_20-1530%20-%20NACCO%20Opening%20Merits%20Brief.pdf" target="blank" rel="noopener" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 51, 153); outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out 0s;">petition</a> in the consolidated case comes from North American Coal Corp., represented by<b> Jones Day </b>partner Yaakov Roth.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Like the other challengers, the coal company argues that EPA and the D.C. Circuit have taken far too broad a view of federal climate authority under the Clean Air Act.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Roth comes to the EPA climate case with lots of experience before the Supreme Court. He was the brainchild behind an argument that led the Supreme Court to overturn convictions in the New Jersey “Bridgegate” scandal.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><b><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">He has also fought to preserve restrictive voting laws in Arizona and to dismantle the Obama-era Affordable Care Act.</font></b></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Roth has clerked for the late Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia </span>and a federal appeals court judge.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">He is a graduate of <b>Harvard</b> University and York University.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;" /><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 46px; margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Elizabeth Prelogar</font></b></h2><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Before the Supreme Court agreed to hear <i style="box-sizing: border-box;">West Virginia v. EPA</i>, Elizabeth Prelogar had argued on behalf of the federal agency that it was too early for the justices to get involved.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The solicitor general<b style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </b>noted in a <a href="https://subscriber.politicopro.com/f/eenews/?id=0000017b-182b-d760-a77b-986f069d0000" target="blank" rel="noopener" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 51, 153); outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out 0s;">brief</a> filed in August that Biden’s EPA has not yet written a new carbon rule and has no plans to revive the Obama plan.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">EPA instead intends to issue a new rule “after taking into account all relevant considerations, including changes to the electricity sector that have occurred during the last several years,” she wrote.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Prelogar, who was confirmed in late October, has already made several appearances before the Supreme Court, including in one case in which she argued on behalf of the federal government against abortion laws in Mississippi and Texas.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Since her appointment as acting solicitor general in January, Prelogar has also led Supreme Court briefs in several environmental cases, including one in which the Biden administration backed efforts by the developer of the PennEast natural gas pipeline to acquire state-owned land in New Jersey (<i style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://subscriber.politicopro.com/article/eenews/2021/03/10/biden-echoes-trump-in-supreme-court-eminent-domain-battle-004523" target="blank" rel="noopener" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 51, 153); outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out 0s;">Energywire</a></i>, March 10, 2021). The pipeline company won its case, but the project was eventually canceled.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Prelogar, a Harvard Law School graduate, has previously served as assistant to the solicitor general and has worked in private practice. During a prior stint at the Justice Department, she <b>served on the special counsel’s investigation into Russian meddling in the 2016 electio</b>n.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">She clerked for Attorney General Merrick Garland when he was a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and for Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Elena Kagan.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Prelogar is the second woman to be confirmed as solicitor general. Kagan was the first.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;" /><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 46px; margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Sean Donahue</font></b></h2><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Environmental groups that <a href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/20/20-1530/186828/20210805145523797_20-1530%2020-1531%2020-1778%20and%2020-1780%20BRIEF%20IN%20OPPOSITION%20OF%20NON-GOVERNMENTAL%20ORGANIZATION%20AND%20TRADE%20ASSOCIATION%20RESPONDENTS.pdf" target="blank" rel="noopener" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 51, 153); outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out 0s;">support</a> broad EPA regulatory authority have turned to an experienced Supreme Court litigator to represent them in the case: Sean Donahue.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Donahue has been a go-to lawyer for environmental groups and public health advocates in some of the most high-profile litigation of the last decade, including Clean Air Act and climate cases.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">He’s also represented environmentalists in key cases on the social cost of carbon for fuel economy and vehicle emissions standards.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Donahue and his team, including the Environmental Defense Fund’s Vickie Patton, will have a challenging task ahead of them. Several conservative justices have signaled skepticism of doctrines requiring them to defer to agency expertise, and the current case appears to be a coordinated effort to curtail EPA’s regulatory authority broadly.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In an interview, Donahue said once again it may be an environmental case that set an important precedent for administrative law.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"Statutes like the Clean Air Act," he said, "necessarily depend upon expert agencies to apply Congress’ health and environmental directives to complex factual records, developing technologies, about particular industries and pollutants."</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Donahue, who works for Donahue, Goldberg & Littleton, clerked for former Supreme Court Justices Ginsburg and John Paul Stevens. He’s also a veteran of the Justice Department. He attended Columbia University and University of Chicago’s Law School.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;" /><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 46px; margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Beth Brinkmann</font></b></h2><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Another attorney with Supreme Court experience is making the case for electric utilities that want to preserve the D.C. Circuit decision striking down the Trump-era carbon rule.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Before the justices granted the case,</span><b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 102, 0);">Covington & Burling </span></b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">LLP partner Beth Brinkmann led a </span><a href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/20/20-1530/186844/20210805160947066_1%20Brief%20in%20Opposition.pdf" target="blank" rel="noopener" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 51, 153); outline: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102); box-sizing: border-box; transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out 0s;">brief</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> on behalf of Consolidated Edison Inc. and other companies that said Supreme Court review of a nonexistent regulation would run the risk of a “ruling untethered to actual circumstances.”</span></font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Moreover, she wrote, the red states and coal companies are seeking relief from the justices even as the power industry has achieved the Clean Power Plan’s 2030 emissions reductions targets more than a decade in advance —<b> even though the rule never officially took effect.</b></font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“Those changes, which include reductions in the cost of emission-reduction technologies and increasing consumer preferences for clean power, have only accelerated since adoption of the ACE Rule,” she wrote.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Brinkmann has argued more than two dozen times before the Supreme Court. As former deputy assistant attorney general at the Justice Department’s civil rights division, for example, she <b>defended the Obama administration’s Affordable Care Act.</b></font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">She has also worked in the appellate practice at the firm <b>Morrison & Foerster</b> and as an assistant federal public defender representing indigent criminal defendants.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Brinkmann is a graduate of the University of California, Berkeley, and Yale Law School. She clerked for the late Supreme Court Justice Harry Blackmun.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;" /><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 46px; margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Elbert Lin</font></b></h2><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">A utility industry group that <a href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/20/20-1530/180817/20210603111442106_AmPowerSupportBrief.pdf" target="blank" rel="noopener" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 51, 153); outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out 0s;">opposes</a> EPA’s ability to craft rules like the Clean Power Plan has staffed its legal team with an attorney who, at only 43 years old, has already made a significant impact on environmental law at the Supreme Court.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Elbert Lin was the lawyer who secured the unprecedented stay of President Obama’s climate regulatory regime, the<b> Clean Power Plan, in 2016 </b>while he was West Virginia’s solicitor general.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Lin said in an interview that his interest in environmental and administrative law was born out of necessity when he was West Virginia’s solicitor general. It was during Obama’s second term, and the administration was promulgating many major environmental rules, including the Clean Power Plan.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"Environmental regulations were of significant importance of the state," he said.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Now in private practice at the firm Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP, Lin is back in the EPA carbon rule litigation, representin<b>g America’s Power, a trade association of companies that produce electricity from coal.</b></font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Lin, who is the son of Taiwanese immigrants, has also argued key Clean Water Act cases at the high court. He argued on behalf of Maui, Hawaii, in a case over whether a federal permit is required for pollution that is pumped underground but eventually reaches the ocean.</font></span></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The Supreme Court delivered a new test for determining whether a permit was needed, and a federal judge in Hawaii later sided with environmental groups arguing that Maui should have secured a Clean Water Act approval (<a href="https://subscriber.politicopro.com/article/eenews/2021/10/21/hawaii-ruling-tests-supreme-court-precedent-282240" target="blank" rel="noopener" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 51, 153); outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out 0s;">Greenwire</a>, Oct. 21, 2021). Legal experts say they are watching to see how other courts apply the Supreme Court’s test.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Lin attended Yale for undergrad and law school, and he<b> clerked for a federal appeals court judge and Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas</b>.</font></p><p georgia="Georgia" regular="Regular" font="font" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 25px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Reporters Lesley Clark and Niina H. Farah contributed.</font></span></p></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">=</font></div></div></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">=</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://steemit.com/news/@wallhaxx/the-merger-of-corporation-and-state-can-be-seen-no-clearer-than-nodapl-response-peaceful-protesters-treated-as-terrorists-at-the">https://steemit.com/news/@wallhaxx/the-merger-of-corporation-and-state-can-be-seen-no-clearer-than-nodapl-response-peaceful-protesters-treated-as-terrorists-at-the</a></font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Terry van horn dapl BS</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">...</font></div><div style=""><blockquote style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0.53571rem 1.19048rem 0px 1.13095rem; border-left: 1px solid rgb(202, 202, 202); line-height: 1.6;"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5rem; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; line-height: 30.24px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">According to former FBI Special Agent Michael German, who is now with the Brennan Center for Justice at New York University Law School, </span><span style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 102);">fusion centers</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> have become part of a broader “surveillance-industrial complex” in which security agencies and the corporate sector merge together in a frenzy of mass information gathering, tracking, and surveillance.</span></span></span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> Federal support for fusion centers is predicated on increased government access to “non-traditional information sources,” he notes. And one of the goals of fusion centers is to protect the nation’s critical infrastructure, 85 percent of which is owned by private interests.</span><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102); box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit;">“The insidious thing is that the role of private-sector entities in fusion centers has grown up without any specific legislation authorizing it,<i>”</i></span></span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> said German, who co-authored a 2007 report on behalf of the ACLU called “What’s Wrong with Fusion Centers?” “Instead, the development of these techniques and relationships, such as the one involving TigerSwan and North Dakota law enforcement, has occurred within the closed-off world of law enforcement.”</span></font></p></blockquote><h1 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit; margin: 2.5rem 0px 0.3rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; line-height: 1.2 !important;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">PROPAGANDA: A battle of memes and misinformation.</font></h1><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 1.5rem; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; line-height: 30.24px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Beyond bashing the heads of peaceful protesters and spying on organizers, TigerSwan's role also included steering public perception of the situation in favor of ETP and DAPL. Do you remember how all the local news reports out of the area just regurgitated what law enforcement was telling them? Who do you think told law enforcement what to say?</font></p><blockquote style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0.53571rem 1.19048rem 0px 1.13095rem; border-left: 1px solid rgb(202, 202, 202); line-height: 1.6;"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5rem; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; line-height: 30.24px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">A document dated October 16, obtained via a public records request, lays out the mission of the TigerSwan-led security team working in North Dakota: <span style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit;">In addition to protecting the pipeline workers, machinery, and construction material, the company was also expected to “protect the reputation of DAPL.”</span></span> The public relations mission quickly became a priority for the firm, documents show. As a leaked situation report from early September puts it, success would require <span style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit;">“strategic messaging from the client that drives the message that we are the good guys, tell the real story and address the negative messaging with good counter messaging.”</span></span><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />On numerous occasions, TigerSwan agents stressed the need to change the public narrative established by protestors and to swing public support in favor of the pipeline. As accounts of protest repression garnered nationwide support for the NoDAPL movement, the firm’s agents painstakingly collected and analyzed media coverage, warning their client about how certain incidents might be received by the public.</font></p></blockquote><p style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); margin: 0px 0px 1.5rem; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; line-height: 30.24px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">And they didn't stop at trying to limit or control the news of the pipeline, they also just straight-up fabricated stories and lies to make ETP look better. (That's called propaganda)</font></p><blockquote style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0.53571rem 1.19048rem 0px 1.13095rem; border-left: 1px solid rgb(202, 202, 202); line-height: 1.6;"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5rem; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; line-height: 30.24px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">In a report dated September 7, TigerSwan agents discuss the need for a “Social Engagement Plan.” On September 22, they discuss the development of an information operations campaign run by the company’s North Carolina-based intel team and Robert Rice, who </span><span style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit;"><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">without disclosing his</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> TigerSwan affiliation posed as “Allen Rice” in a series of amateurish videos in which he provided commentary critical of the protests.</span></span></span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> The videos, posted on the Facebook pages “Defend Iowa” and <b>“Netizens for Progress and Justice</b></span><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"><b>,” </b>were removed after The Intercept contacted TigerSwan, Rice, and the pages’ administrators for comment. None responded.</span></font></p></blockquote><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 1.5rem; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; line-height: 30.24px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">But it gets worse than corny Facebook videos. TigerSwan and various law enforcement also tried to twist and contort events surrounding the severe injuries of protesters, such as</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> Sophia Wilansky, </span><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">with baseless accusations of protesters building IEDs and other violent activities.</span></font></p><blockquote style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0.53571rem 1.19048rem 0px 1.13095rem; border-left: 1px solid rgb(202, 202, 202); line-height: 1.6;"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5rem; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; line-height: 30.24px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">On a freezing night in November, as police sprayed nonviolent Dakota Access Pipeline opponents with water hoses and rubber bullets, representatives of the FBI, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, North Dakota’s U.S. Attorney’s Office, and local law enforcement agencies frantically exchanged emails as they monitored the action in real time.</span><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">By 4 a.m. on November 21, approximately 300 water protectors had been injured, some severely. Among them was 21-year-old Sophia Wilansky, who </span><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit;">nearly lost her arm after being hit by what multiple sworn witnesses say was a police munition.</span></span><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">The emails exchanged that night highlight law enforcement efforts to control the narrative around the violent incident by spreading propaganda refuting Wilansky’s story, demonstrate the agencies’ heavy reliance on protesters’ social media feeds to monitor activities, and reveal for the first time the involvement of an FBI informant in defining the story police would promote.</span><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">Roughly eight hours prior to Sophia Wilansky’s injury, Bismarck police officer Lynn Wanner — who, records indicate, acted as a liaison between intelligence agencies and field officers throughout the anti-DAPL protests — alerted local, state, and federal law enforcement partners that an </span><a href="https://theintercept.com/document/2017/06/03/intel-group-email-thread-2016-11-20/" rel="nofollow noopener" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit; cursor: pointer; transition: opacity 0s ease 0s, fill 0s ease 0s, stroke 0.3s ease 0s;">“FBI inside source”(pg11)</a><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"> was “reporting propane tanks inside the camp rigged to explode.” Wanner’s email about the FBI informant echoes the story the Morton County Sheriff’s Department would later tell journalists about Wilansky’s injury.</span><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">“We probably should be ready for a massive media backlash tomorrow although we are in the right. 244 angry voicemails received so far,” wrote Ben Leingang, a North Dakota state official, at about 10 p.m. on November 20. By morning, images of Wilansky’s severely injured arm were circulating online.</span><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">TigerSwan fretted about the backlash, too. “Protesters are claiming over 100 injuries associated with the demonstration and will surely contort video of the event into anti-DAPL propaganda,” the security firm noted in its internal report that next morning.</span><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">As another day passed,</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> U.S. Attorney’s Office National Security Intelligence Specialist Terry Van Horn</span><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"> sent an email to members of various federal agencies noting the FBI’s claim that “a source from the camp reported people were making IED’s from small Coleman type propane canisters.” Van Horn added that Wilansky “was witnessed throwing an IED while on the bridge, it detonated early and caused the below injuries (see graphic photos).”</span></font></p></blockquote><p style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); margin: 0px 0px 1.5rem; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; line-height: 30.24px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">But one bogus theory about Wilansky's injury wasn't enough.</font></p><blockquote style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0.53571rem 1.19048rem 0px 1.13095rem; border-left: 1px solid rgb(202, 202, 202); line-height: 1.6;"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5rem; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; line-height: 30.24px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">Less than an hour later,</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> <b>Van Horn </b></span><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"><b>emailed to the thread the text of a Facebook post from the page Netizens for Progress and Justice. </b>“This wasn’t caused by law enforcement, it was caused by dumbass ‘direct action’ protesters that think they are doing the right thing without any consideration for the safety and welfare of honest protesters nearby that are caught up in things,” the post read, going on to describe a theory of the injury that conflicted even with law enforcement’s propane tank theory.</span></font></p></blockquote><p style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); margin: 0px 0px 1.5rem; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; line-height: 30.24px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://theintercept.com/document/2017/06/03/law-enforcement-email-thread-2016-11-22/" rel="nofollow noopener" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; line-height: inherit; cursor: pointer; transition: opacity 0s ease 0s, fill 0s ease 0s, stroke 0.3s ease 0s;">His version of events</a>, presented as fact, and feigning concern for Sophia, was that a chain protestors were using to pull barracades with a truck snapped and whipped the flesh from Wilansky's arm. This despite numerous sworn accounts and Sophia's own statements that it was a concussion (stun) grenade thrown by an officer that in fact blew her arm open. Even <a href="http://www.snopes.com/2016/11/22/standing-rock-protester-in-danger-of-losing-arm-after-police-use-force/" rel="nofollow noopener" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; line-height: inherit; cursor: pointer; transition: opacity 0s ease 0s, fill 0s ease 0s, stroke 0.3s ease 0s;">Snopes</a> confirmed this. The whole story is absurd and full of attempts to contort the facts to frame the protesters as bad, including suggesting that protesters delayed getting aid to Wilansky because it would 'make a better story', neglecting to mention that the ambulance was delayed by the blockade the police (and TigerSwan) had put up to limit the flow of resources into the camp. There were also <a href="http://readersupportednews.org/opinion2/277-75/40457-focus-police-are-deliberately-hurting-standing-rock-protesters-to-deter-others-from-coming-father-of-injured-protester-claims" rel="nofollow noopener" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; line-height: inherit; cursor: pointer; transition: opacity 0s ease 0s, fill 0s ease 0s, stroke 0.3s ease 0s;">reports from those on the ground</a> that officers were holding their grenades for several seconds before throwing them, so they would explode in the air instead of on the ground. In my opinion, this constitutes a war crime. The police also roundly denied using <em style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit;">any</span></em> grenades despite <a href="https://twitter.com/UR_Ninja/status/800907967646330880" rel="nofollow noopener" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; line-height: inherit; cursor: pointer; transition: opacity 0s ease 0s, fill 0s ease 0s, stroke 0.3s ease 0s;">ample evidence</a> to the contrary.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); margin: 0px 0px 1.5rem; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; line-height: 30.24px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Despite the lies and inaccuracies, the team eagerly sought to spread this propaganda and muddy the waters against the protesters.</font></p><blockquote style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0.53571rem 1.19048rem 0px 1.13095rem; border-left: 1px solid rgb(202, 202, 202); line-height: 1.6;"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.5rem; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; line-height: 30.24px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">“How can we get this story out?” replied Maj. Amber Balken, a public information officer for the National Guard, which was also involved in policing the protests. “This is a must report,” Balken added, suggesting the name of a local conservative blogger. Cecily Fong, a public information officer with the North Dakota Department of Emergency Services, replied by promising to “get with” the blogger to circulate the article.</span><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">As The Intercept reported last week<b>, </b></span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><b>Netizens for Progress and Justice also frequently published content produced on behalf of TigerSwan,</b> including videos critical of pipeline opponents.</span><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">Ultimately, police promoted a story about the incident that echoed the claims of the FBI informant. On November 22, the Morton County Sheriff’s Department distributed press releases implying that Wilansky’s injury had been caused by a protester’s IED.</span><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">The Intercept reached Lauren Regan, an attorney representing Sophia Wilansky, and read the text of Van Horn’s email to her over the phone. </span><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit;"><i>“</i>So much of it is totally factually incorrect,”</span></span><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"> Regan said.</span><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit;">“There has never been any evidence I have seen or heard of that gave any credibility to the allegation that propane tanks were being rigged as explosive devices,”</span></span><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"> continued Regan, who is a staff attorney at the Oregon-based Civil Liberties Defense Center. “To me, the timing of that revelation, in light of their having just basically blown a white woman’s arm off, always seemed extremely dubious.”</span><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">Sophia Wilansky’s father, Wayne Wilansky, agreed that “there’s not a shred of truth” to</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> Van Horn’s </span><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">account of Wilansky’s injury. </span><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit;">“Obviously, disinformation is a major component of how they dealt with the protests,”</span></span><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"> he told The Intercept.</span></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px 0px 1.5rem; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; line-height: 30.24px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);">...</span></font></p></blockquote></div></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">=</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>Republican candidates for North Dakota governor Wayne Stenehjem</b> and Doug Burgum debate in Crosby, N.D. (Forum News Service)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div><div>Republican Attorney General Wayne Stenehjem has raised more than $500,000 this year in his effort to win the June primary election for North Dakota governor, campaign filings released Friday show.</div><div>
</div><div>That's less than his opponent, Fargo businessman Doug Burgum, who has garnered large contributions from across the country.</div><div>
</div><div>Stenehjem reported $512,596 in contributions in his preprimary report along with $27,300 in a separate statement filed Friday. He had $368,780 in cash on hand, and he started the year with almost $240,000, according to the Secretary of State's website.</div><div>
</div><div>BATTLE FOR GRAND FORKS: Mayoral race heats up as Brown, Bjerke prepare for final stretch</div><div>
</div><div><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The largest single contribution to Stenehjem's campaign came from the <b>Lignite Energy Council's</b> political action committee based in Bismarck, which gave $20,000. Stenehjem said he's long been supportive of the state's coal industry, and last year he filed a lawsuit on behalf of North Dakota over the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Clean Power Plan, which requires carbon dioxide emission reductions from coal-fired power plants.</span></div><div>
</div><div>Minnkota Power Cooperative's PAC donated $15,000 to Stenehjem's campaign, and the campaign committee of his running mate, state Sen. Nicole Poolman, gave $14,100, according to the report. The Associated General Contractor of North Dakota's PAC gave $12,500, and<b> BNSF Railway's PAC gave $10,000.</b></div><div><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">
</span></div><div><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The pre-primary statement also reflects Stenehjem's support among the state's big-name Republicans, such as U.S. Sen. John Hoeven, who gave $10,000, and former U.S. Rep. Rick Berg, who gave $8,000. Gov. Jack Dalrymple and his wife, Betsy, chipped in $2,500 each.</span></div><div>
</div><div>"We're going to have the money to run the campaign that we think we can afford, that is, a thrifty and conservative one, but (it) will help us get our message out," Stenehjem said.</div><div>
</div><div>Burgum</div><div>
</div><div>Burgum filed a preprimary statement Thursday showing $842,384 in contributions this year, along with $175,475 in cash on hand, according to the Secretary of State's website. The campaign also filed four separate statements this week totaling $134,150.</div><div>
</div><div>
</div><div>Perhaps most notably, Burgum, who worked for Microsoft for more than six years, received a $100,000 donation from the company's co-founder Bill Gates. He also received $12,000 from former Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer, who now owns the Los Angeles Clippers.</div></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"></font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">date? june 2016?</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" crimson="Crimson" text="Text" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb">ND-Gov/ND-LG (R):</strong><span style="" crimson="Crimson" text="Text" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"> North Dakota Republicans well select their nominees for Gov and LG tomorrow in a Team Primary format. Owing to North Dakota’s strong Minnesota-style convention system, contested primaries are all but nonexistent; the convention winner usually has a near-prohibitive edge in institutional support. However, two serious Republicans are facing off this year for the </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><span style="" crimson="Crimson" text="Text" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px">open gubernatorial nomination. AG </span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" crimson="Crimson" text="Text" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px">Wayne Stenehjem</strong><span style="" crimson="Crimson" text="Text" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px"> (R), a mainstream conservative</span></span><span style="" crimson="Crimson" text="Text" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb">, is the choice of most of the state’s establishment. It’s hard to think of a more archetypal establishment politician than Stenehjem: a 16-year veteran AG, he previously served over two decades in the legislature, and his brother was the State Senate president before his untimely death a few years ago. Stenehjem has high name recognition and has been popular as AG; thus, he unsurprisingly cleared the field of any “A” list rivals and won the convention easily. He has chosen State Sen. </span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" crimson="Crimson" text="Text" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb">Nicole Poolman </strong><span style="" crimson="Crimson" text="Text" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb">(R), another well-liked establishment figure, as his LG running mate. </span></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="" crimson="Crimson" text="Text" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb">
</span></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="" crimson="Crimson" text="Text" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb">However, he has to deal with a serious primary challenge from tech executive </span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" crimson="Crimson" text="Text" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb">Doug Burgum</strong><span style="" crimson="Crimson" text="Text" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"> (R). Burgum, who built a software company in the 90s and sold it to Microsoft, is running on a somewhat non-ideological platform and emphasizing his business experience. His personal wealth allowed him to skip the convention and run a largely self-funded primary campaign, which has outspent Stenehjem by 3:1. But that decision has also frozen him out of essentially all institutional support (with the one notable exception of long-retired 90s-era Gov. Ed Schaefer (R), who surprisingly re-entered the arena to cut an ad for Burgum). Consequently, Burgum has wound up with a decidedly “C” list running mate in Watford City (pop. 2K) mayor </span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" crimson="Crimson" text="Text" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb">Brent Sanford</strong><span style="" crimson="Crimson" text="Text" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"> (R)</span></font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">=</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">lipton nyt 2014 raga?</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><p class="story-body-text story-content" data-para-count="266" data-total-count="12247" style="margin: 0px 0px 1em 75px; line-height: 1.625rem;" times="times" new="new" roman="roman" serif="serif" max-width="max-width" none="none" width="width" px="px" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Oklahoma energy companies were there, according to an agenda, joined by executives from Peabody Energy of Missouri, the world’s largest private-sector coal producer, as well as the Southern Company, which has aggressively challenged federal air pollution mandates.</font></p><p class="story-body-text story-content" data-para-count="236" data-total-count="12483" style="margin: 0px 0px 1em 75px; line-height: 1.625rem;" times="times" new="new" roman="roman" serif="serif" max-width="max-width" none="none" width="width" px="px" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The nation’s top corporate energy regulatory lawyers were there, too, including <b><a title="Bio of Bill Brownell" href="http://www.hunton.com/william_brownell/" style="">F. William Brownell</a>, a senior partner at the law firm Hunton & Williams, which has spent more than 25 years fighting the enforcement of the <a title="More articles about the Clean Air Act." href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/subjects/c/clean_air_act/index.html?inline=nyt-classifier" style="">Clean Air Act</a>.</b></font></p><p class="story-body-text story-content" data-para-count="276" data-total-count="12759" style="margin: 0px 0px 1em 75px; line-height: 1.625rem;" times="times" new="new" roman="roman" serif="serif" max-width="max-width" none="none" width="width" px="px" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The event was organized by an energy-industry-funded law and economics center at George Mason University of Virginia. The center is part of the brain trust of conservative, pro-industry groups that have worked from the sidelines to help <b>Mr. Pruitt</b> and other attorneys general.</font></p><p class="story-body-text story-content" data-para-count="49" data-total-count="12808" style="margin: 0px 0px 1em 75px; line-height: 1.625rem;" times="times" new="new" roman="roman" serif="serif" max-width="max-width" none="none" width="width" px="px" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">And there was nothing ambiguous about the agenda.</font></p><p class="story-body-text story-content" data-para-count="277" data-total-count="13085" style="margin: 0px 0px 1em 75px; line-height: 1.625rem;" times="times" new="new" roman="roman" serif="serif" max-width="max-width" none="none" width="width" px="px" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>“Suggested Responses to<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> Assaults on Federalism”</span> was the topic of one breakfast meeting, moderated by Attorney General Wayne K. Stenehjem</b> of North Dakota, that showcased Mr. Brownell and three other top corporate regulatory lawyers. Mr. Hamm was the featured dinner speaker</font></p></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">=</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div><div>
</div><div>inverse:</div><div>
</div><div>2016 the company building the Dakota Access Pipeline hired an international security firm called TigerSwan to target and surveil anti-pipeline protestors. Newly released documents published by the Intercept outline the extreme measures TigerSwan took to disrupt protests and collude with law enforcement.</div><div>Energy Transfer Partners reportedly hired TigerSwan to use military-style tactics on protesters of the pipeline project, based on the company’s own internal documents and company communications obtained through a public records request by The Intercept.</div><div>
</div><div>Within the documents, TigerSwan — originally a U.S. military and State Department contractor employed to counter the war on terror — continually refer to anti-pipeline protests as an “insurgency”, comparing them to jihadist fighters.</div><div>
</div><div>Drawing comparisons with post-Soviet Afghanistan, the report warns, “While we can expect to see the continued spread of the anti-DAPL diaspora … aggressive intelligence preparation of the battlefield and active coordination between intelligence and security elements are now a proven method of defeating pipeline insurgencies.”</div><div>
</div><div>Repping the slogan, “Solutions to Uncertainty”, TigerSwan is a vast for-hire security firm with offices in Iraq, Afghanistan, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, India, Japan and Latin America. Their website lists the kinds of services they provide, which include “Oil Field Safety and Security”.</div><div>
</div><div>A screenshot of some of the services TigerSwan advertises on their website.</div><div>
</div><div>According to the Intercept, the firm was created during the Iraq war to compete with companies like Blackwater during a boom in the private security and intelligence industry. It was started by retired Army Col. James Reese, a former member of an elite American special ops unit called Delta.</div><div>
</div><div>The documents detail massive amounts of surveillance performed by TigerSwan on anti-pipeline activists and Standing Rock camp residents. Hired by Energy Transfer Partners, they conducted aerial surveillance, radio eavesdropping, social media monitoring and infiltrated protest camps<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">. Intelligence gathered by TigerSwan was also shared with law enforcement, including the North Dakota Attorney General’s Office.</span></div><div><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">They apparently also aided state prosecutors who were building legal cases against DAPL protestors.</span></div><div>
</div><div>According to an October 16 document obtained via a records request, the security team’s responsibilities included collecting “information of an evidentiary level” that would ultimately “aid in prosecution” of protesters.</div><div>TigerSwan also kept track of dozens of individual DAPL opponents, with databases that included identifying information such as photographs and license plate numbers, as well as a “persons of interest” list.</div><div>
</div><div>The group even appears to have dabbled into fake news, releasing a “counterinformation campaign by creating and distributing content critical of the protests on social media,” according to the report.</div><div>The Intercept has published three sets of “situation reports” from TigerSwan, which detail the organization’s operations against protestors. They intend to release more in the coming weeks.</div><div></div><div>
</div></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"></font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">http://hpr1.com/index.php/feature/news/gray-eminence-the-power-behind-dakota-access/</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">By C.S. Hagen</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">cshagen@gmail.com</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The true power behind the Dakota Access Pipeline extends beyond the private sector and into state leadership. This gray eminence – or power behind the proverbial throne – rivals the story books, both ancient and modern, truth and fiction.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In North Dakota, politicians have been bought by big oil and gas lobbyists, according to statesmen and analysts. Some have invested heavily in Bakken oil interests, declaring profits for the good of North Dakota’s infrastructure.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“We are where we are…and having difficulties today because only one side has been able to really participate in the decision making in North Dakota, that’s totally dominated by the oil industry,” Don Morrison, executive director of the Dakota Resource Council, said. “So what’s happened is our elected officials – every single one of them – is supported by the oil industry.”</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ten years ago, most people in North Dakota supported responsible growth in the Bakken Formation. Today, however, an unhealthy environment has emerged, of you are either for or against oil, with no room in between, Morrison said.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“The power of the oil industry in so many ways sets the agenda of North Dakota. It’s what they do,” Morrison said. “They dominate. They’ don’t listen to anyone else’s opinion. Why? Because North Dakota elected officials have decided that’s the future of North Dakota, and that they don’t want to fight the oil industry.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“Every time questions are raised about this, people are accused of wanting the oil industry to go away. And it’s been designed by the politicians to do the bidding of the oil industry.”</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Recently, the <b>“Commission,” or North Dakota Industrial Commission, Oil and Gas Division, a government agency established in 1919 to manage certain utilities, currently comprised of Governor Jack Dalrymple, Attorney General Wayne Stenehjem, and Agriculture Commissioner Doug Goehring, pushed Big Oil’s agenda </b>by attempting to ban the public sector from testifying, or having any input at Commission meetings. Only “interested parties,” which would have included project owners and landowners, would have been allowed to testify, if the suggestion had been ratified</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span></font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Open processes are difficult, Senator Erin Oban said at the April 11, 2016 hearing about new rules for state oil regulation, but they are necessary.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“It would have been easier, I suppose, to limit that process and to only allow a select few to testify,” Oban said. “But my job as a public servant is not to make things easier for me, it’s to make it open and accessible to the public.”</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">President of the labor advocacy group North Dakota <b>AFL-CIO</b>, Waylon Hedegaard, attended the same meeting, and said big oil has cozied up to North Dakota politicians, affecting legislation and twisting policy to their collective wills.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">“I believe everything we do has to be done to the best of our abilities,” Hedegaard said. “Our government has to regulate to the highest degree, achieve the highest quality, we have to hire the most skilled craftsmen, the most skilled people, and our government has not regulated the oil field nearly to the extent it should have.”</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The lack of regulation concerning oil drilling, fracking, waste disposal, and crude transportation has caused the perception that all construction in the Bakken region is about bad players putting poor pipes into the ground, Hedegaard said. Hedegaard also asked the Commission to strike the amendment from the proposed rules.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">“The essence of democracy is that everyone who thinks they are a stakeholder in something comes together vocally, or gets their opinion out there, and then argues over it and we come to a compromise,” Hedegaard said. “It is not democracy when there’s another group of people limiting who has interest in a certain thing. Democracy is a messy thing.”</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Rocks, according to retired correctional officer Eric Thompson, are the only disinterested party to big oil interests.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“If a party drinks water, oil and gas developers could take a minute to make them an interested party,” Thompson said at the hearing. “If a party breathes air, oil and gas developers could take a minute because air is a requirement for life.”</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">During recent legislative processes, oil companies have frequently opposed changes, and continue to do so stating the “crackdown” is too expensive and that the timing is bad – oil price decline has caused steep inactivity in drilling in North Dakota. No oil companies stepped forward to oppose the “interested party” amendment, according to Commission records.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>North Dakota, the second-biggest oil producing state in the U.S., and among the ten largest oil patches in the world, has historically been lackadaisical about instituting stricter regulations</b>. A spirit of leniency toward oil companies has been fostered in North Dakota, analysts said. Criticism over lowering fines for oil and saltwater spills has mounted. In January 2016 the Commission agreed to scrutinize the issues, but behind closed doors.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Some of the state’s top politicians are chairmen or members of regulating agencies governing big oil and Native American interests. Additionally, big oil supports the political campaigns of Governor Dalrymple, Senator John Hoeven, Senator Heidi Heitkamp, and Rep. Kevin Cramer, making their voices, according to some, tainted.</font></p><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Congressman Kevin Cramer, R-N.D., is a member of the House Energy and Commerce Committee, where some of the biggest legislative battles regarding oil regulation are fought. Cramer is also a member of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations (Energy and Commerce), and a member of the Subcommittee on Environment and the Economy, and has served on the North Dakota Indian Affairs Committee. Cramer’s largest campaign contributor is the oil and gas sector with a total of USD 138,500, Xcel Energy contributed USD 12,000, and Tesoro Corp. contributed USD 11,000.</font></li></ul><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Senator John Hoeven, R-N.D., is on the United States Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, and also a member of the U.S. Senate Committee on Indian Affairs. Hoeven is a member of the Subcommittee on Energy, the Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development, Subcommittee on Public Lands, Forests, and Mining, and the Subcommittee on Rural Development and Energy. Hoeven’s largest campaign contributor is the oil and gas sector with a total of USD 327,963, including Continental Resources, Inc. and its CEO, Harold Hamm, who collectively donated USD 18,200. ExxonMobil contributed USD 10,000, and Whiting Petroleum Corporation contributed USD 2,750. Energy Transfer Partners donated USD 5,000 to Hoeven’s 2016 campaign.</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Governor Jack Dalrymple, R-N.D., a long-time advocate of oil interests, chairman of the Commission, is also the chairman of the North Dakota Indian Affairs Commission. The top supporter of Dalrymple’s most recent campaign is the oil and gas sector with USD 467,290 in donations, and Hamm personally donated USD 20,000, while Hess Corporation’s CEO John Hess gave USD 25,000.</font></li></ul><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Senator Heidi Heitkamp is a ranking member of the Subcommittee on Rural Development and Energy, and a member of the U.S. Senate Committee on Indian Affairs. The tenth-ranking supporter for Heitkamp’s campaign is the energy and natural resource sector, according to Vote Smart, and the oil and gas sector is the third-largest contributor to Heitkamp’s 2016 campaign, with a total of USD 258,379, according to Open Secrets. Hess Corp donated USD 19,600, BP contributed USD 17,750, Continental Resources, Inc. donated USD 17,500, American Petroleum Institute donated USD 13,250, and Xcel Energy donated USD 13,000.</font></li></ul><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Chase Iron Eyes has raised USD 82,127 in 2016, running as the challenger for District 1 as a Democra</b>t. Iron Eyes has no support from oil and gas or energy and natural resources sectors, and his largest contributing sector is casinos and gambling. Ho-Chunk Nation is top supporter with a donation of USD 5,400.</font></li></ul><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Kelcy Warren, the main force behind the Dakota Access Pipeline, </b>founder of Energy Transfer Partners, is worth USD 7.3 billion, according to Bloomberg, Dakota Access Pipeline quietly purchased 6,000 acres last week of private ranch land near to Camp of the Sacred Stone – the historic Cannon Ball Ranch, which begs the question of how the purchase was made possible. Energy Transfer Partners donated USD 304,200 in 2016 and USD 581,300 in 2014 to political campaigns.</font></li></ul><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Harold Hamm, </b>Bakken fracking mogul and Continental Resources CEO, long-time financial supporter of North Dakota’s politicians, and worth approximately USD 13.8 billion, according to Forbes, is currently the campaign energy advisor to Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump, and is a candidate for energy secretary of the United States if Trump is elected in 2016.</font></li></ul><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Top national recipients of support from Continental Resources, Inc. 2016</font><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">3rd Place: Heidi Heitkamp – USD 11,300</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">4th Place: Donald Trump – USD 10,928</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">5th Place: John Hoeven – USD 10,200</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">14th Place: Kevin Cramer – USD 5,000</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 2014, Continental Resources donated USD 6,200 to Heidi Heitkamp, and USD 3,500 to Kevin Cramer</font></li></ul></li></ul><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Top national recipients of support from Hess Corp. 2016</font><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2nd Place: John Hoeven – USD 20,800</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">8th Place: Kevin Cramer – USD 10,000</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">19th Place: Heidi Heitkamp – USD 3,500</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 2014, Hess Corp donated USD 15,600 to Heidi Heitkamp and USD 2,600 to Kevin Cramer</font></li></ul></li></ul><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Top national recipients of support from BP 2016</font><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">5th Place: Heidi Heitkamp – USD 15,700</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">100th Place: John Hoeven – USD 1,000</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 2014, BP donated USD 2,000 to both Heidi Heitkamp and John Hoeven</font></li></ul></li></ul><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Top national recipients of support from Energy Transfer Partners 2016</font><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">6th Place: John Hoeven – USD 5,000</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 2014, Energy Transfer Partners donated USD 1,500 to both Kevin Cramer and Heidi Heitkamp</font></li></ul></li></ul><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">These financial statements were made available by Vote Smart and OpenSecrets Center for Responsive Politics – the statistics do not reflect Dark Money groups, or educational or membership building donations.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Every day, 1,027,131 barrels of oil are produced in North Dakota, and a total of 1,662,917 thousand cubic feet of natural gases are produced from 13,248 wells, according to the North Dakota Industrial Commission, Department of Mineral Resources.</b></font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Since January 2016, more than 100,900 gallons of crude oil, waste oil, bio solids, natural gas, and brine were spilled in North Dakota and surrounding areas,</b> according to the North Dakota Department of Health records. Approximately 50,000 gallons of slaked lime solids slid into the Missouri River in June, causing unknown impacts, according to the North Dakota Department of Health.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Few companies involved in the spills have been fined. In January, the Commission reviewed six outstanding spill cases with fines totaling USD 600,000, according to the Bismarck Tribune. Additionally, past spills are still being cleaned up around the state, such as the Tesoro Corp. spill of 2013, the XTO Energy, and the Oasis Petroleum Inc. spills of 2014 and 2015, according to Bill Suess, Spill Investigation Program manager of North Dakota Department of Health.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Spills occur on a daily basis, Suess said, the cleanup is costly, and companies are rarely fined.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“Not everyone gets fined,” Suess said. “Usually we hold off as long as we can on the fines because it is a motivator to get them cleaning it up.”</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 1.6em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The North Dakota Industrial Commission’s policy on levying fines for damaging spills is unclear, and is usually negotiated, then settled for a fraction of the initial fine. The Commission did not release information on fines against oil companies for 2015 and 2016 by press time.</font></p></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b> North Dakota Attorney General’s office</b> coordinating conference call with the North American

Coal Corporation legal counsel

o In October 2015, North American Coal Corporation Government and Public Affairs

Manager David J. Straley emailed North Dakota Assistant Attorney General Margaret I.

Olson in order to organize a “30 min conf. call” between Olson, Straley, the NACoal

Legal Counsel John Neumann, and NACoal outside counsel Chuck Wehland to “to hear

directly from us on our legal thoughts about different CAA arguments that may make

sense for your strategy in the upcoming litigation.” Straley assured Olson that, “This of

course would obligate you to nothing other than your time.” Olson confirmed the

conference call on the same day.

 North Dakota Attorney General’s office coordination and conference calls with industry attorney

Paul Seby

o The North Dakota Attorney General’s office regularly corresponded with Attorney Paul

M. Seby about the Clean Power Plan in a series of “confidential” emails, including

setting up a “confidential call” to discuss the EPA’s proposed rule. Paul M. Seby is a

Denver-based Natural Resource Attorney that has provided Counsel for <b>American

Coalition for Clean Coal Electricity.</b></font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"></font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">http://bismarcktribune.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/ag-determines-dakota-access-llc-land-purchase-complies-with-corporate/article_da7db4a7-8bb6-5217-9af5-e6e67b98fdb8.html</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><div class="subscriber-preview" style="box-sizing: border-box;" open="Open" sans="Sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 24px; line-height: 27px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The recent land purchase by Dakota Access LLC of ranch land along the Dakota Access Pipeline route is in compliance with state corporate farming law, according to North Dakota Attorney General Wayne Stenehjem.</font></p></div><div class="subscriber-preview" style="box-sizing: border-box;" open="Open" sans="Sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 24px; line-height: 27px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Stenehjem said Tuesday in a press release that, in his initial review, he’s determined that the purchase is “temporarily necessary for commercial development” and therefore meets an industrial and business purpose exception in state corporate farming law.</font></p></div><div class="subscriber-only" style="box-sizing: border-box;" open="Open" sans="Sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 24px; line-height: 27px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Dakota Access, a partner of Energy Transfer Partners LP, purchased about 7,000 acres of private ranch land in Morton County in September along the route for the Dakota Access Pipeline.</font></p></div><div id="tncms-region-article_instory_top" class="tncms-region hidden-print" style="box-sizing: border-box;" open="Open" sans="Sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><div class="subscriber-only" style="box-sizing: border-box;" open="Open" sans="Sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 24px; line-height: 27px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The company has claimed the purchase was necessary due to members of the ongoing protest movement camping near the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe’s reservation border, resulting in repeated interruptions to construction activities. The company claimed the purchase provided for a safer environment for construction workers to do their jobs.</font></p></div><div class="subscriber-only" style="box-sizing: border-box;" open="Open" sans="Sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 24px; line-height: 27px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The land is located to the north of where protesters have been camping for months. Opponents of the 1,172-mile, $3.8 billion pipeline have argued that the pipeline could contaminate Missouri River water in the event of a leak. The project is planned to go under the river, which has led to numerous demonstrations since August and prompted hundreds of arrests.</font></p></div><div class="subscriber-only" style="box-sizing: border-box;" open="Open" sans="Sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 24px; line-height: 27px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Dakota Access has entered into an interim agreement that enables North Dakota to file a lawsuit at any time to enforce the state’s corporate farming law if a violation occurs, Stenehjem said in the release. </font></p></div><div class="subscriber-only" style="box-sizing: border-box;" open="Open" sans="Sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 24px; line-height: 27px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The agreement went into effect Nov. 10 and expires Dec. 31, 2017.</font></p></div><div class="subscriber-only" style="box-sizing: border-box;" open="Open" sans="Sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 24px; line-height: 27px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">During the period of the agreement, the attorney general’s office will continue to monitor the company’s compliance and take action if any violations are discovered.</font></p></div><div class="subscriber-only" style="box-sizing: border-box;" open="Open" sans="Sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 24px; line-height: 27px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The agreement says, after the expiration of the agreement or after the project is complete, the company must use the property for some use applicable under the corporate farming law or within one years’ time transfer ownership of the property.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 24px; line-height: 27px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">...</font></p></div></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
for gov www:

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<h2><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Stenehjem files lawsuit over EPA’s Clean Power Plan</font></h2>

<p><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Bismarck Tribune: The state of North Dakota filed a lawsuit in

federal court Friday against the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

over its new rule requiring cuts in carbon dioxide emissions from

existing power plants.</font></span>

<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">North Dakota Attorney General Wayne Stenehjem filed the lawsuit in

the Circuit Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia. The lawsuit

accuses the EPA of overstepping its authority by attempting to

restructure the state’s electrical power system.</font></span>

<b><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">The state is also filing a lawsuit regarding the EPA’s rule on new power plant emissions.</font></b>

<font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Stenehjem slammed the rules in a Friday afternoon news release.</font>

<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">“The rule is unprecedented and ill-conceived. It infringes on the

state’s authority to regulate its own electrical systems under the

United States Constitution and federal law,” he said.</font></span>

<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">North Dakota’s requirements in a proposed rule from June 2014 called

for the state to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 11 percent, as

measured from 2012 to 2030. Stenehjem and other officials were caught

off-guard when the final rule moved that target to 45 percent.</font></span>

<font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Stenehjem said the reductions are difficult, if not impossible, to

meet without shuttering at least one power plant — and costing jobs — in

the state.</font>

<font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><em><a href="http://bismarcktribune.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/state-files-lawsuit-over-epa-s-clean-power-plan/article_b9ce03a2-1f9b-5551-a106-727799c5980a.html">Read the full article</a></em></font></p>

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</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">===</font></div><div><font size="4"><font face="Times New Roman">raga bs
</font><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></font><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Attorney General Wayne Stenehjem was born in Mohall, North Dakota. 

He graduated from the University of North Dakota and received his law

degree from the UND School of Law in 1977.  He is married to Beth Bakke

Stenehjem and has a son, Andrew. 

<b>Stenehjem was elected to the

North Dakota House of Representatives in 1976, serving for two terms

until his election to the ND Senate in 1980</b>.  He served for twenty years

in the Senate until his election to the Office of Attorney General.

Stenehjem served on the Judiciary Committee throughout his tenure in the

Legislature, and was Chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee from

1995-2000. He was elected President Pro Tempore of the Senate for the

1999 Legislative Session. In January 2001, Stenehjem was sworn in as the

State’s 29th Attorney General. He was reelected in 2004, 2006, 2010,

and 2014.</font>

<font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Since taking office Wayne has:</font></p>

<ul><li class="Body"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>Made drug enforcement a priority,</b> proposing legislation to developing a <a class="LinkUnderline" href="http://www.ag.nd.gov/BCI/Meth/Meth.htm">drug enforcement initiative</a> which

coordinates law enforcement, health and human service agencies, and as

well as addiction counseling, youth education, and stronger penalties

for offenders.</font></li><li class="Body"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Launched the state's <a class="LinkUnderline" href="http://www.sexoffender.nd.gov/">sex offender website</a> to provide parents and other concerned citizens with access to information about the most dangerous sex offenders in the state.</font></li><li class="Body"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Worked to enact and enforce legislation to curb

methamphetamine (meth) use and addiction in the state by restricting

retail sales of certain products used to manufacture meth, to provide

mandatory treatment for drug offenders, and increase criminal penalties

for drug offenders which has resulted in a dramatic reduction in the

production and use of meth in North Dakota.</font></li><li>

<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="Body">Established the state's </span><a class="LinkUnderline" href="http://www.ag.nd.gov/nocall/Nocall.htm">Do Not Call</a><span class="Body"> list, giving North Dakota consumers welcome relief from unwanted telemarketing calls.</span>

</font></li><li class="Body"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Has worked diligently to eliminate domestic violence in

the state. He was awarded the “Love Without Fear Award” by the Abused

Adult Resource Center, noting that, during his years in the Legislature,

he had been a sponsor or cosponsor of every piece of legislation

enacted in the state designed to curb domestic violence.</font></li><li>

<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="Body">Introduced an online </span><a class="LinkUnderline" href="http://www.ag.nd.gov/CPAT/IDTheft/IDTheft.htm">Identity Theft program</a><span class="Body">,

designed to provide North Dakota victims with "one click" access to all

the information and forms necessary to document and identity theft.</span>

</font></li><li class="Body"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Launched the state’s “Cold Case Investigations” squad

to assist local law enforcement agencies with unsolved missing person

and homicide cases. The squad utilizes advances in forensics and DNA

technology and new investigative techniques to re-investigate evidence

and explore new leads.</font></li><li>

<font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span class="Body">Established a sobriety pilot program to keep repeat drunk drivers from drinking and driving. Under the </span><a class="LinkUnderline" href="http://www.ag.nd.gov/TwentyFourSeven/index.htm">24/7 Sobriety pilot program</a><span class="Body">,

repeat DUI offenders in the program area are ordered to complete breath

alcohol testing twice a day as a condition of bond. If the offender

drinks, the breath test will show it and the offender is taken directly

to jail for the bond violation</span>.</font></li><li><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Established, in 2010, the <a href="http://www.ag.nd.gov/BCI/PrescriptionDrugAbuse.htm">RX TAKE BACK </a>Program,

to provide a safe and secure way for residents to dispose of unwanted

medications at no cost. The disposal program accepts all

over-the-counter and prescription medications – including controlled

substances. The Take Back units, which are similar to the needle

disposal containers in hospital rooms but on a much larger scale, are

located in the lobby of local law enforcement agencies. The program is

operated by the Attorney General’s office at no cost to the

participating communities or the local law enforcement agencies. To

date, it is<strong>the nation's only ongoing, permanent, statewide program</strong>.</font></li></ul><p class="Body"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span class="Body">Attorney General Stenehjem is a member of numerous boards and commissions, including the Board of University and School Lands, </span><a class="LinkUnderline" href="http://www.state.nd.us/ndic/">Industrial Commission</a>(which

oversees all state-owned industries including the Bank of North Dakota

and the State Mill and Elevator), Drug and Alcohol Commission (chair),

Judicial Council and Pardon Advisory Board. 

He was named one of

Ten Outstanding Legislators in the US by the Association of Government

Employees, and is the recipient of “Champion of the People’s Right to

Know” award; SBAND Legislative Service Award; “Friend of Psychology”

award; the 2005 North Dakota Peace Officer’s Association’s Lone Eagle

Award, was inducted into the Scandinavian American Hall of Fame in 2007,

and was named the 2011 Bismarck State College Alumnus of the Year. An

Eagle Scout since 1968, Stenehjem was honored with the Distinguished

Eagle Scout Award in 2013.</font></p></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>=
</b></font><p style="margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">pruitt and miller energy summit:</font></p><p style="margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></p><p class="story-body-text story-content" data-para-count="266" data-total-count="12247" itemprop="articleBody" id="story-continues-11" times="times" new="new" roman="roman" serif="serif" width="width" px="px" max-width="max-width" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="margin: 0px 0px 1em 135px; line-height: 1.4375rem; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>Oklahoma energy companies </b>were there, according to an agenda, joined by executives from<b> Peabody</b> Energy of Missouri, the world’s largest private-sector coal producer, as well as the <b>Southern</b> Company, which has aggressively challenged federal air pollution mandates.</font></p><p class="story-body-text story-content" data-para-count="236" data-total-count="12483" itemprop="articleBody" times="times" new="new" roman="roman" serif="serif" width="width" px="px" max-width="max-width" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="margin: 0px 0px 1em 135px; line-height: 1.4375rem; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);" face="Times New Roman" size="4">The nation’s top corporate energy regulatory lawyers were there, too, including <a title="Bio of Bill Brownell" href="http://www.hunton.com/william_brownell/" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">F. William Brownell</a>, a senior partner at the law firm Hunton & Williams, which has spent more than 25 years fighting the enforcement of the<a title="More articles about the Clean Air Act." href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/subjects/c/clean_air_act/index.html?inline=nyt-classifier" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;"> Clean Air Act</a>.</font></p><div id="MiddleRight4" class="ad ad-placeholder nocontent robots-nocontent" style="float: right; clear: right; margin: 0px 0px 40px 7px;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /></font><div id="google_ads_iframe/29390238/NYT/us/politics_14container" style="border: 0pt none; border-image-source: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial;"><p class="story-body-text story-content" data-para-count="276" data-total-count="12759" itemprop="articleBody" id="story-continues-12" times="times" new="new" roman="roman" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" margin="margin" em="em" line-height="line-height" rem="rem" width="width" max-width="max-width" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font color="#000000" size="4">The event was organized by an energy-industry-funded law and economics center at George Mason University of Virginia. The center is part of the brain trust of conservative, pro-industry groups that have worked from the sidelines to help Mr. Pruitt and other attorneys general.</font></font></p><p class="story-body-text story-content" data-para-count="49" data-total-count="12808" itemprop="articleBody" times="times" new="new" roman="roman" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" margin="margin" em="em" line-height="line-height" rem="rem" width="width" max-width="max-width" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font color="#000000" size="4">And there was nothing ambiguous about the agenda.</font></font></p><p class="story-body-text story-content" data-para-count="277" data-total-count="13085" itemprop="articleBody" times="times" new="new" roman="roman" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" margin="margin" em="em" line-height="line-height" rem="rem" width="width" max-width="max-width" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font color="#000000" size="4">“Suggested Responses to Assaults on Federalism” was the topic of one breakfast meeting, moderated by Attorney General Wayne K. Stenehjem of North Dakota, that showcased Mr. Brownell and three other top corporate regulatory lawyers. <b>Mr. Hamm </b>was the featured dinner speaker.</font></font></p><p class="story-body-text story-content" data-para-count="252" data-total-count="13337" itemprop="articleBody" times="times" new="new" roman="roman" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" margin="margin" em="em" line-height="line-height" rem="rem" width="width" max-width="max-width" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="4">“We need to ensure the robust role of the states,” said <a title="Paul Selby bio" href="http://www.hollandhart.com/pmseby/" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Paul M. Seby</a>, another coal industry lawyer who attended. “And as the chief law enforcement officers, it is not surprising this is becoming a cornerstone of attorney generals’ attention.”</font></font></p><p times="times" new="new" roman="roman" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" style="margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font color="#000000" size="4"></font></font></p><div id="mw-content-text" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 22.4px;" lang="en"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="4"><b>Wayne Stenehjem</b> (<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="IPA nopopups"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English" title="Help:IPA for English" style="background: none; text-decoration: none !important;">/<span style="border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: dotted;"><span title="/ˈ/ primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ɛ/ short 'e' in 'bed'">ɛ</span><span title="'n' in 'no'">n</span><span title="/dʒ/ 'j' in 'jam'">dʒ</span><span title="/əm/ 'm' in 'rhythm'">əm</span></span>/</a></span></span> <span title="English pronunciation respelling"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Wikipedia:Pronunciation respelling key" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><i><b><span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">sten</span></span></b>-jəm</i></a></span>; born February 5, 1953) is a lawyer and politician from the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.state" title="U.S. state" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">U.S. state</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">North Dakota</a>. He is the current<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attorney_General_of_North_Dakota" title="Attorney General of North Dakota" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"> Attorney General</a> of the state, serving since January 1, 2001. He announced he wil<b>l seek the Republican nomination for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_of_North_Dakota" title="Governor of North Dakota" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Governor of North Dakota</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Dakota_gubernatorial_election,2016" title="North Dakota gubernatorial election, 2016" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">the 2016 election cycle</a>.</b></font></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font color="#000000" size="4"><b>
</b></font></font></p><div id="toc" class="toc" style="border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); border-image-source: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; padding: 7px; display: table; zoom: 1; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249);"><div id="toctitle" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /><h2 style="margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border: none; display: inline; line-height: 1.3; background: none;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman"><font face="Times New Roman"><font face="Times New Roman"><font face="Times New Roman"><font face="Times New Roman"><font face="Times New Roman">Contents</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></h2> <span class="toctoggle" style="-webkit-user-select: none;"> [<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayne_Stenehjem#" id="togglelink" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">hide</a>] </span></div><ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0.3em 0px; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayne_Stenehjem#Biography" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Biography</span></a></font></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayne_Stenehjem#Career" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Career</span></a></font></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayne_Stenehjem#References" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">3</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">References</span></a></font></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayne_Stenehjem#External_Links" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">4</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">External Links</span></a></font></li></ul></div><h2 style="font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); line-height: 1.3; background: none;"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" size="4"><span class="mw-headline" id="Biography">Biography</span></font></h2><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Wayne Stenehjem was born in </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohall,North_Dakota" title="Mohall, North Dakota" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Mohall, North Dakota</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">, and he graduated from </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismarck_High_School" title="Bismarck High School" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Bismarck High School</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> in 1971 and </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismarck_State_College" title="Bismarck State College" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Bismarck State College</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> in 1972. He attended the </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_North_Dakota" title="University of North Dakota" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">University of North Dakota</a> <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">and the </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_North_Dakota_School_of_Law" title="University of North Dakota School of Law" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">UND School of Law</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">, graduating in 1977. Stenehjem was elected to the </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Dakota_House_of_Representatives" title="North Dakota House of Representatives" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">North Dakota House of Representatives</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> in 1976, and served two terms there until 1980 when he was elected to the </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Dakota_Senate" title="North Dakota Senate" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">North Dakota Senate</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">. He served in that capacity until</span><b style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> 2000 when he became <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attorney_General_of_North_Dakota" title="Attorney General of North Dakota" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Attorney General of North Dakota</a>.</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayne_Stenehjem#cite_note-1" style="text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap; background: none;">[1]</a></sup><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> While serving as the Attorney General of North Dakota, Stenehjem proposed legislation to curb </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methamphetamine" title="Methamphetamine" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">methamphetamine</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> use and addiction in the state, by restricting retail sales of certain products used in its manufacture, to provide </span><b style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">mandatory treatment for first time drug offenders</b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">, and increase criminal penalties for drug offenders. </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Stenehjem was re-elected in 2004, 2006, 2010, and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Dakota_elections,2014#Attorney_General" title="North Dakota elections, 2014" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">in 2014</a>, and by wide margins.</span></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">He is married to Beth Bakke Stenehjem, and has one son, Andrew. </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">He is also the brother of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Dakota_Senate" title="North Dakota Senate" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">North Dakota Senate</a> Majority Leader <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Stenehjem" title="Bob Stenehjem" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">Bob Stenehjem</a> (1952-2011) <b>ALEC</b> and former <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Dakota_House_of_Representatives" title="North Dakota House of Representatives" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">North Dakota House of Representatives</a> member Allan Stenehjem (who is now a lobbyist).</span></font></p><h2 style="font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); line-height: 1.3; background: none;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span class="mw-headline" id="Career">Career</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wayne_Stenehjem&action=edit&section=2&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Career" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></font></h2><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" a="A" csvg="Csvg" http="http" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="cx" cy="cy" r="r" fill="fill" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Dakota_House_of_Representatives" title="North Dakota House of Representatives" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">North Dakota House of Representatives</a> (1976—1979)</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Dakota_Senate" title="North Dakota Senate" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">North Dakota Senate</a> (1980—2000)</font><ul style="list-style-type: disc; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" a="A" csvg="Csvg" http="http" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="cx" cy="cy" r="r" fill="fill" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" /><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font color="#000000"><font color="#000000"><font color="#000000" size="4">Chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee (1995—2000)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></li></ul></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Dakota_Attorney_General" title="North Dakota Attorney General" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">North Dakota Attorney General</a> (2001—present)</font></li></ul><h2 style="font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); line-height: 1.3; background: none;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wayne_Stenehjem&action=edit&section=3&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: References" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></font></h2><div class="reflist" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; list-style-type: decimal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><ol class="references" style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 3.2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: inherit;"><li id="cite_note-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="-webkit-user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayne_Stenehjem#cite_ref-1" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="-webkit-user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up</span>^{</a></b></span> }<span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webcitation.org/5xWaiudEU" style="text-decoration: none; padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">"Former Attorneys General"</a>. <i>North Dakota Attorney General</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ag.state.nd.us/About/FormerAttorneysGeneral.htm" style="text-decoration: none; padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">the original</a> on 28 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWayne+Stenehjem&rft.atitle=Former+Attorneys+General&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ag.state.nd.us%2FAbout%2FFormerAttorneysGeneral.htm&rft.jtitle=North+Dakota+Attorney+General&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li></ol></div><h2 style="font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); line-height: 1.3; background: none;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span class="mw-headline" id="External_Links">External Links</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wayne_Stenehjem&action=edit&section=4&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: External Links" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></font></h2><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" a="A" csvg="Csvg" http="http" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="cx" cy="cy" r="r" fill="fill" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stenehjemforgovernor.com/" style="text-decoration: none; padding-right: 13px; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) 100% 50% no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Campaign site</a></font></li></ul><table class="wikitable succession-box" style="margin: 0.5em auto; border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); border-collapse: collapse; clear: both; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249);"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3" style="border-width: 5px 1px 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 206, 242) rgb(170, 170, 170) rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Legal offices</font></th></tr><tr style="text-align: center;"><td rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; width: 156.575px;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Preceded by
<span style="font-weight: bold; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heidi_Heitkamp" title="Heidi Heitkamp" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">Heidi Heitkamp</a></span></font></td><td rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; width: 210.975px;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Dakota_Attorney_General" title="North Dakota Attorney General" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Attorney General of North Dakota</a></b>
2000–present</font></td><td rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; width: 155.775px;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>Incumbent</b></font></td></tr></tbody></table><table class="navbox" style="border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); border-image-source: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; width: 608.4px; margin: 1em auto auto; clear: both; text-align: center; padding: 1px; border-spacing: 0px; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: rgb(253, 253, 253); background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding: 2px;"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" id="collapsibleTable0" style="width: 605.6px; border-spacing: 0px; background: transparent;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding: 0.25em 1em; 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</font></div><div><font size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">...</font><font face="Times New Roman"> Center for Public Integrity, a Washington-based nonprofit watchdog organization, gave North Dakota a failing grade in 2006 when rating disclosure requirements that might be used to determine potential conflicts of interest. The rating was based mostly on disclosure of lawmakers' personal finances, and did not include disclosure of trips financed by interest groups.</font></font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Brett Narloch, director of the North Dakota Policy Council, a nonprofit group that promotes limited government and reductions in government spending, said it would be appropriate for the Legislature to require disclosure of lawmaker trips financed by outside groups, if the trip is related to the lawmaker's policymaking role.</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">"If the place they're going to is going to focus on public policy, then it makes more sense to require them to disclose who might be influencing them," Narloch said.</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">The trip issue flared previously when GOP lawmakers have missed, and been paid for, legislative work days to attend outside conferences sponsored by interest groups.</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>In 2003, 16 GOP lawmakers skipped a day of the Legislature to attend a Las Vegas conference of the <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">American Legislative Exchange Council, </span>a corporate-supported organization of conservative state lawmakers.</b></font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>The current House majority leader,</b> Fargo Rep. Al Carlson, and Rep. Blair Thoreson, R-Fargo, the chairman of a House Appropriations subcommittee that reviews the budgets of most state agencies, are members of the council's board of directors.</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Rep. Jim Kasper, R-Fargo, found himself in demand as a speaker about the Internet gambling industry after he unsuccessfully pushed a bill during the 2005 Legislature to license and regulate Internet poker in North Dakota.</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Kasper attended conferences in Montreal, Las Vegas and Costa Rica in the months after the 2005 session adjourned. Kasper's speaking appearances were advertised in conference materials obtained by The Associated Press, and he confirmed the trips.</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Kasper also was part of a group of five North Dakota Republican House members who visited the Caribbean island of Antigua in October 2005 on what they described as an unofficial trade mission. Antigua licenses and regulates Internet gambling companies through its Directorate of Offshore Gaming.</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Stenehjem's foreign trips have mostly been arranged by the<b> State Legislative Leaders Foundation,</b> based in Centerville, Mass., a <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">nonprofit, nonpartisan foundation that puts on educational programs for legislative leaders. The programs are usually affiliated with universities.</span></font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Besides Stenehjem sitting as the foundation's vice chairman, Carlson, the House GOP majority leader, is on its board of directors, according to the foundation's website.</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">It is supported mostly by private business donors that are part of its "advisory council," including pharmaceutical, financial and consumer goods companies. Among its supporters are Wal-Mart Stores Inc., Walgreen Co., Procter & Gamble Co. and Archer Daniels Midland Co.</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><b>Wal-Mart Stores Inc. and Walgreen Co. have been heavily involved in efforts to repeal North Dakota's restrictions on pharmacy ownership</b>, which prevent large retailers from owning pharmacies within their own stores. The North Dakota House has defeated the last two repeal measures; the Senate never considered them.</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Of the 57 companies or trade associations that the State Legislative Leaders Foundation lists as supporters, 11 hired lobbyists to represent their interests during the 2009 or 2011 sessions of the North Dakota Legislature. One of them was Stenehjem's brother, Allan Stenehjem, who is a lobbyist for Reynolds American Inc., a tobacco company.</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">Stenehjem said the foundation's programs are intended to give legislative leaders "a broader perspective of what's happening, as we have to compete in the world market."</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">"Yeah, I can sit at home under a mushroom here in North Dakota and not get involved in anything, or you can get involved in these things and maybe have a bigger grasp of how big things really are," Stenehjem said.</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" size="4">==</font></div></div></div></div></div>