Georgia Tech/State/U
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.alternet.org/big-oil-colonized-college-campuses/">https://www.alternet.org/big-oil-colonized-college-campuses/</a></font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">no lnx
</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">environmentalists
are not hard to find on college campuses, and many of them are sounding
the alarm about the dangers of climate change. Terms like "green
energy" and "carbon footprint" are not uncommon at universities.
<b>But
not everyone who lectures about climate change on campus has a plan for
fighting it. In an article published by The Guardian on March 27,
journalist Oliver Milman details the fossil fuel industry's efforts to
promote its agenda on college campuses.</b>
<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">
Milman
cites Tim Barckholtz as an example. Barckholtz has lectured extensively
at Princeton University in New Jersey about the challenges of moving
away from fossil fuels, but he is a scientific adviser for ExxonMobil.</span>
READ MORE:'You've got to be kidding me': MSNBC host spooked by revelation that climate change is making fungus deadlier
<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">"Dozens
of U.S. universities…. retain links with the fossil fuel industry in a
variety of ways, despite the growing pressure on them to cut them,"
Milman explains. "Several host Exxon representatives on campus and even
provide them with office space, similar to Princeton's previous
arrangement, a Guardian investigation has found</span>."
<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Princeton student Claire Kaufman told The Guardian she was "quite shocked" to find out that Barckholtz worked for ExxonMobil.</span>
According
to Kaufman, "The fact there was an Exxon employee in this undergrad
class blew my mind. It's weird and problematic. He then took the class,
but the biggest issue is that public opinion is against Exxon. So, they
are looking to install themselves as impartial-looking bodies in
classrooms."
The student added, "This is not a neutral industry.
It has an agenda; it wants to shape the conversation around climate
change and energy. They aren't putting people in classrooms for fun."
READ MORE:'Inequality kills': Author Naomi Klein explains why climate change is an 'economic justice' issue
<b>
</b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0);"><b>According to Georgia Tech student Evan Montoya, ExxonMobil has a presence on that campus as well.</b></span>
Montoya
told The Guardian, "I see something with Exxon on it once a week, at
least. They have a very evident presence on campus. They definitely have
a substantial influence here."</span>
For decades, the late
far-right radio host Rush Limbaugh claimed that climate change was a
myth and was a cheerleader for fossil fuels (Limbaugh also claimed that
there was no link between cigarettes and lung cancer, which was the
cause of his death in 2021). But these days, allies of the fossil fuel
industry don't necessarily claim that climate change doesn't exist;
instead, they might acknowledge that it's a reality but say that fossil
fuels aren’t a major cause.
<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Milman
reports, "Even as elite American universes such as Harvard have bowed
to pressure to divest their multibillion-dollar endowments from fossil
fuels, <b>and student activists take recalcitrant holdouts to court, oil
and gas companies continue to exert a grip upon campus life, through
funded research and the physical presence of oil and gas industry
employees in lectures and meetings with faculty. </b>Fossil-fuel firms
have purposely sought to 'colonize' academia with industry-friendly
science, rather than seed overt climate denial, according to Ben Franta,
a senior research fellow at the University of Oxford who has studied
industry's influence over universities."</span>
READ MORE:Texas agriculture agency: Climate change threatening state's food supply
Read The Guardian's full report at this link.
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</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">===</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">ref guk</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">https://yyy.theguardian.com/education/2023/mar/27/fossil-fuel-firms-us-universities-colonize-academia</font></p><div data-gu-name="standfirst" class="dcr-1yi1cnj" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; grid-area: standfirst; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><div class=" dcr-iuxtqj" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 12px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 20px; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px; max-width: 540px;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">students
at Princeton describe unease that Exxon employee had an office on
campus, while dozens of universities have big oil links</font></p></div></div><div data-gu-name="lines" class="dcr-kt8blz" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; grid-area: lines; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><div class="dcr-14emo0l" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; 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margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; grid-area: meta; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><div class="dcr-14emo0l" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; max-width: 620px;"><div class=" dcr-c7ke56" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="dcr-rnfrqq" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 0px 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="dcr-5l2n46" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: flex; flex-direction: column;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><address aria-label="Contributor info" data-component="meta-byline" data-link-name="byline" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" /><div class=" dcr-ub3a78" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 8px; border: 0px none; font-style: italic; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 500; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.15; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a rel="author" data-link-name="auto tag link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/profile/oliver-milman" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: normal; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">Oliver Milman</a></font></div><details class="dcr-eb59kw" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 2px 0px 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.35; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;" open=""><summary class="dcr-1ybxn6r" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: none; cursor: pointer;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="dcr-u0h1qy" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Mon 27 Mar 2023
t</span></font><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">he lecturer looked, and sounded, the part. Sporting a pale blue shirt and<span> </span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/education/princeton-university" data-component="auto-linked-tag" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">Princeton University</a><span> </span>ID
badge, he had his own office on campus, a short stroll from the room
where several dozen students were gathered to hear him confidently talk
about the challenges in moving away from fossil fuels.</font></summary></details></div></div></div></div></div></aside><div data-gu-name="body" class="dcr-ch7w1w" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; grid-area: body; z-index: 5; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><div class="dcr-16guhjf" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; -moz-box-flex: 1; flex-grow: 1; z-index: 1; width: 620px;"><div id="maincontent" class="dcr-1ncmr12" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="article-body-commercial-selector article-body-viewer-selector dcr-18i1c38" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; position: relative;"><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Tim
Barckholtz is not a Princeton professor, however. He is a senior
scientific adviser at ExxonMobil, the oil giant that has done so much to
both<span> </span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/ng-interactive/2022/may/11/fossil-fuel-carbon-bombs-climate-breakdown-oil-gas" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">perpetuate</a><span> </span>and<span> </span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2023/jan/12/exxon-climate-change-global-warming-research" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">downplay</a><span> </span>the climate crisis. Barckholtz, an affable figure who has<span> </span><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9i41P68YgOI" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">fronted adverts for Exxon</a><span> </span>touting
its emissions reduction research, spent around six months sitting in
and contributing to lectures and research groups, based in his own
office space at the elite university.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);" size="4" face="Times New Roman">In
September, with the university poised to cut its extensive ties with
certain fossil-fuel companies including Exxon, Barckholtz even taught a
class of engineering students on “negative emissions technologies”,
during which, over pizza and soda, he criticized the divestment
decision, warned that the transition away from oil and gas will be “very
difficult” and that the unfolding climate emergency was “not our
fault”.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);" size="4" face="Times New Roman">“It’s
hard for me to figure out who wins [from divestment],” Barckholtz told
the class, a recording of it shows. “There are, like, 10 people who win.
They are sleeping better at night, but technology is the loser.”
Barckholtz then noted that Exxon makes the type of rubber that goes into
most car tires. “Are all of the Princeton security cars going to go
back to the Flintstones and have no tires?” he asked. “There are some
parts of this they didn’t think through completely.”</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);" size="4" face="Times New Roman">Asked
by a student about the Paris climate agreement, Barckholtz expressed
doubt that it could be met, as it was too hard to ditch fossil fuels.
“I’m not optimistic, I’m going to call it the way I see it,” he said.
“The system is just too big to be flipped.”</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>“A few of the students thought it was weird he was in the class and that he then taught the class</b>,”
said Claire Kaufman, a second year master’s student in public affairs
who said she started talking to Barckholtz during one of the first
negative emissions technology classes and was “quite shocked” to
discover he was an Exxon employee.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Dozens
of US universities, however, retain links with the fossil-fuel industry
in a variety of ways, despite the growing pressure on them to cut them.</b>
Several host Exxon representatives on campus and even provide them with
office space, similar to Princeton’s previous arrangement, a Guardian
investigation has found.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">According
to Kaufman, Barckholtz told her Exxon had no interest in renewable
energy – aside from, perhaps, offshore wind – beyond using it as a
public relations exercise, and that he was looking to fund the work of
the professor whose class he sat in. He showed her his Princeton office
space, which included a list of a dozen Exxon-funded research projects
on a whiteboard.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">He later told the class that he was there to “scout out” useful things for Exxon’s<span> </span><a href="https://corporate.exxonmobil.com/operations/energy-technology-centers/delivering-the-future-of-energy-in-clinton" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">nearby</a><span> </span>research
center in New Jersey, and that the company has had someone, like him,
monitoring Princeton classes for the previous five years. (In 2015,
Princeton<span> </span><a href="https://www.princeton.edu/news/2015/06/11/princeton-e-ffiliates-enters-five-year-partnership-exxonmobil" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">said</a><span> </span>it
was “delighted” to forge a new “e-filliates” partnership with Exxon).
Barckholtz did not respond to questions from the Guardian over his role
at Princeton</span>.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“The
fact there was an Exxon employee in this undergrad class blew my mind,”
said Kaufman, who is also an organizer at the Divest Princeton group.
“It’s weird and problematic he then took the class, but the biggest
issue is that public opinion is against Exxon so they are looking to
install themselves as impartial-looking bodies in classrooms.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“This
is not a neutral industry. It has an agenda, it wants to shape the
conversation around climate change and energy. They aren’t putting
people in classrooms for fun.”</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);" size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Barckholtz has since vacated his office, following Princeton’s<span> </span><a href="https://fossilfueldissociation.princeton.edu/" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">announcement on 29 September</a><span> </span>that
90 companies, including Exxon, would not only be divested from its
endowment but also would have research funding ties cut</b>, following<span> </span><a href="https://www.divestprinceton.com/timeline" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">years of pressure</a><span> </span>from students for Princeton to follow other major universities in dropping fossil-fuel investments.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);" size="4" face="Times New Roman">But Exxon, which is among a group of oil and gas companies<span> </span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/mar/01/fossil-fuel-companies-donate-millions-us-universities" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">that have funneled</a><span> </span>more than $700m into research partnerships with leading US universities since 2010, still maintains close ties<span> </span><a href="https://corporate.exxonmobil.com/climate-solutions/university-and-national-labs-partnerships/collaborating-with-leading-universities-to-meet-global-energy-demand#Andmanymore" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">to dozens of universities</a>, and has a regular on-campus presence at a clutch of prestigious colleges.</font></p><figure id="8a231d6c-13d4-4f8d-9e96-ea1143f97aaf" class="element element-interactive element--supporting element-supporting dcr-fbuhq6" data-alt="Bar chart of schools that received the most donations from the fossil fuel industry" data-cypress="interactive-element-Bar%20chart%20of%20schools%20that%20received%20the%20most%20donations%20from%20the%20fossil%20fuel%20industry" data-spacefinder-role="supporting" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 8px 20px 12px -240px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 0; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; clear: left; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px; background-color: transparent; min-height: auto; position: relative; float: left; width: 380px;" /><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>At MIT, Exxon is provided office space through its funding of the<span> </span><a href="https://energy.mit.edu/member/exxonmobil/" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">MIT Energy Initiative research collaboration</a>,</b>
and company representatives “come to campus from time to time to meet
with principal investigators who are doing sponsored research and
student fellows they sponsor”, a university spokesperson said.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ellie
Rabenold, an engineering student and part of the MIT Divest group, said
she was unaware that Exxon had office space at her university, and that
divestment is a “touchy subject” for members of the faculty that have
been bankrolled by various fossil-fuel-funded initiatives. In 2019, an
auditorium at MIT was set to be named after Shell, another oil company,
until a student and faculty backlash forced a rethink.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);" size="4" face="Times New Roman">Exxon researchers do not have their own office space at Stanford, a university Exxon has<span> </span><a href="https://corporate.exxonmobil.com/news/newsroom/news-releases/2018/0301_exxonmobil-to-join-stanford-strategic-energy-alliance" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">given $120m to over the past two decades</a><span> </span>for
climate and energy research, although the company’s researchers are
often seen on campus. At other universities, Exxon employees are present
at jobs fairs, or as guest speakers or to treat students to meals.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>“I
see something with Exxon on it once a week, at least. </b>They have a very
evident presence on campus,” said Evan Montoya, a third-year student at
Georgia Tech. “They definitely have a substantial influence here.”</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Even as elite American universes<span> </span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/sep/10/harvard-university-divest-endowment-fossil-fuels" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">such as Harvard</a><span> </span>have bowed to pressure to divest their multibillion-dollar endowments from fossil fuels, and student activists<span> </span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/feb/16/us-universities-fossil-fuel-divestment-students-legal-complaint" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">take recalcitrant holdouts to court</a>,
oil and gas companies continue to exert a grip upon campus life,
through funded research and the physical presence of oil and gas
industry employees in lectures and meetings with faculty.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Fossil-fuel
firms have purposely sought to “colonize” academia with
industry-friendly science, rather than seed overt climate denial,
according to Ben Franta, a senior research fellow at the University of
Oxford who has studied industry’s influence over universities.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);" size="4" face="Times New Roman">Their
research dollars, he said, had effectively discouraged academic
endeavors that challenge the core business model of burning oil and gas,
instead shifting the focus to favored topics such as<span> </span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/sep/01/carbon-capture-is-not-a-solution-to-net-zero-emissions-plans-report-says" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">capturing carbon emissions</a><span> </span>from polluting facilities, a still niche technology that would allow industry to continue business as usual.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">[pix </font><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="dcr-1y4fm6e" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">Barckholtz at Princeton in an office and in a university class.</span><span> </span>Photograph: Divest Princeton</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“When
you have these companies in class and on campus, it’s like an audition
for academics to get research grants,” Franta said. “Sometimes a
researcher who’s funded by industry does drift into an anti-industry
posture, and then they just cut off their funding. You have professors
who will quietly say: ‘I think divestment is a great idea, but I can’t
support it because I’ll lose my research funding from oil companies.’</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>“A
standard strategy that industries under threat try is to influence what
gets studied and what doesn’t get studied, and how the problem is
framed</b>. The tobacco industry did the same thing. For Exxon to have
someone with an office at Princeton, and for that person to teach a
class, is a shocking example of this.”</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The
reach of fossil fuels into academia “never ceases to amaze me”, said
Robert Brulle, an environmental sociologist at Brown University. “You
can barely study climate change at elite universities and not be funded
by fossil-fuel companies,”</span> he added. “They drive all this study into
carbon capture, so that influences policy and becomes a part of the
Biden administration’s agenda. The influence is profound, and the
students are right to be wondering what kind of education they are
getting here.”</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Researchers
have stressed that proper academic guardrails ensure no funder dictates
outcomes they desire and that important, scientifically sound studies
have come from work backed by arm’s-length fossil-fuel interests. Exxon
has financed studies and research groups into areas such as<span> </span><a href="https://energy.mit.edu/news/exxon-launches-carbon-capture-scheme/" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">carbon capture</a><span> </span>and<span> </span><a href="https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/25856/chapter/1" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">dangerous chemical exposures</a>, often alongside other independent researchers.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>princeton
denies Exxon has had an undue influence over the university’s Andlinger
Center for Energy and the Environment, </b>which has received fossil-fuel
funding and has produced<span> </span><a href="https://issuu.com/princetonacee/docs/g41765_2019.37.andlinger_ar_working_final_full_fil" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">annual reports</a><span> </span>in
which Exxon expresses gratitude for “access to extraordinary talent and
facilities”. Barckholtz sat in some class meetings but “did not play a
role in developing the course or its learning objectives”, a Princeton
spokesperson said.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Barckholtz was a “fun and productive collaborator” on a project to<span> </span><a href="https://psci.princeton.edu/tips/2020/11/15/preventing-climate-change-with-beccs-bioenergy-with-carbon-capture-and-storage" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">burn biomass such as forests for energy</a><span> </span>and
capture and bury the resulting emissions, said Eric Larson, a senior
researcher at the Andlinger Center</span>. More than a dozen Exxon-funded
research projects at Princeton, including work on technologies to offset
or capture carbon emissions, will have to be funded by other means
itself following the disassociation, a move that Larson considers
unnecessary and potentially counterproductive.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“We
chose the project, and Exxon was interested enough to support it. My
research agenda isn’t impacted at all by who is funding it,” Larson
said. “I’m OK with taking Exxon stock out from the Princeton endowment –
that’s a way to make a statement – but this was taking research money
away from work designed to decarbonize our society as rapidly as
possible. We need everyone inside the tent to solve this problem,
including the fossil-fuel industry.”</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">An
Exxon spokesperson said that the company “enjoyed a long and fruitful
relationship with Princeton, but it has become clear that there are
individuals associated with the university who are choosing to put their
individual views above the opportunity to accelerate the energy
transition we all seek</span>”</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Exxon,
which has provided more than $10.7m in research funding to Princeton
over the past 10 years, had more than 25 research projects with the
university, the company spokesperson added.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">But even Princeton has not jettisoned all fossil-fuel partners. Its<span> </span><a href="https://cmi.princeton.edu/" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">Carbon Mitigation Initiative</a><span> </span>will
continue to be financed by BP, </span>which has given $26.4m to the university
over the past decade and does not fall under the precise terms of the
divestment, which was only aimed at companies with coal or tar sands
assets, rather than all oil firms.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Other oil and gas companies, such as Shell, may even join as partners under these terms in a new “<a href="https://www.princeton.edu/news/2022/11/29/princeton-establishes-energy-research-fund" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">energy research fund</a>”</span>.
Princeton’s ties to the industry are deep and historical – letters
buried in the university’s library archive show its leadership
aggressively courted Exxon in the 1970s, complaining in one instance it
has “not received its fair share from Exxon”.<b> One PhD student told the
Guardian she was almost certain her work was being funded by fossil
fuels, but that she had not received a straight answer from the
university over this.</b></font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);" size="4" face="Times New Roman">Michael
Oppenheimer, a Princeton climate scientist, said he was disappointed
the university’s trustees did not enact a divestment broad enough to
also evict businesses such as BP, but that it is difficult to criticize
researchers for getting funding where they can.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"They
have to live with whatever decisions they make. I try to not judge
others,” he said. “Personally, I would never take a penny from Exxon due
to their disinformation on climate change. You can talk to the devil
sometimes, but you don’t have to take to take money from the devil, and
the devil is Exxon.”</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The presence of carbon-intensive industries in Princeton classrooms has not dissipated, either. Two weeks ago, a class called<span> </span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/oil" data-component="auto-linked-tag" data-link-name="in body link" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">Oil</a>,
Energy and the Middle East featured a guest appearance from Sheikh
Nawaf Saud Al Sabah, chief executive of the Kuwait Petroleum
Corporation, who told the gathered students that “we are never going to
get out of fossil fuels: we need them for plastics and medicine … we are
too reliant upon them</span>”, according to Frida Ruiz, a sophomore in
mechanical engineering who took the class.</font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Just
before the class, <b>Ruiz was perusing the shared class materials on a
Princeton phone app, and saw a professor had posted a cartoon mocking
supporters of fossil-fuel divestment, showing them near-naked and
befuddled without any of the modern appliances that require fossil
fuels.</b></font></p><p class="dcr-n6w1lc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“I
thought, ‘Huh, I guess I now have a sense of what this class is going
to be like,’” Ruiz said, adding she heard later it was meant as an
example of industry propaganda.</font></p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="dcr-vrop7m" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><footer style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: block;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;">Are
you a student at a US university where fossil fuels industry staffers
have an on campus presence? If so we would like to hear from you.
Contact oliver.milman@theguardian.com</p></footer></span></font></div></div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><svg width="100%" height="13" viewbox="0 0 1300 13" preserveaspectratio="none" stroke="#DCDCDC" stroke-width="1" aria-hidden="true" class="dcr-65xb9q" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" /></font><div data-print-layout="hide" class="dcr-gfl9fa" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 36px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="dcr-14ldseu" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.35; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px; display: block;">Topics</span></font><div class="dcr-1nx1rmt" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px 0px 12px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><ul class="dcr-1yyfgi0" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: none;"><li class="dcr-1rdjqkj" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 500; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.15; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline-block; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/education/princeton-university" class="dcr-r6v1nl" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none; position: relative; display: block;">Princeton University</a></font></li></ul><ul class="dcr-1yyfgi0" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: none;"><li class="dcr-1ffx2ie" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.35; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline-block; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/exxonmobil" class="dcr-r6v1nl" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none; position: relative; display: block;">ExxonMobil</a></font></li><li class="dcr-1ffx2ie" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.35; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline-block; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/oil" class="dcr-r6v1nl" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none; position: relative; display: block;">Oil</a></font></li><li class="dcr-1ffx2ie" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.35; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline-block; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/education/higher-education" class="dcr-r6v1nl" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none; position: relative; display: block;">Higher education</a></font></li><li class="dcr-1ffx2ie" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.35; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline-block; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/oilandgascompanies" class="dcr-r6v1nl" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none; position: relative; display: block;">Oil and gas companies</a></font></li><li class="dcr-1irvt9w" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.35; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline-block; --source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/tone/news" class="dcr-r6v1nl" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-language-override: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none; position: relative; display: block;">news</a></font></li></ul></div></div></div></div><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1em; line-height: 1.25em; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1em; line-height: 1.25em; padding: 0px;"><a href="https://www.alternet.org/2019/10/students-burn-a-latina-authors-books-that-addresses-white-privilege-report/"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">https://www.alternet.org/2019/10/students-burn-a-latina-authors-books-that-addresses-white-privilege-report/</font></a></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1em; line-height: 1.25em; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></p></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Wayne <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Parrott,</span> PhD <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">ACSH BIB</span></font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences,<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> University of Georgia</span>, United States</font></div></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4"><font style="" face="Times New Roman">~ nyt / rtk<a href="http://www.geneticliteracyproject.org/2015/09/15/georgias-wayne-parrott-time-to-end-transparency-double-standard-targeting-biotech-scientists/"> </a></font><font face="Times New Roman"><a href="http://www.geneticliteracyproject.org/2015/09/15/georgias-wayne-parrott-time-to-end-transparency-double-standard-targeting-biotech-scientists/">http://www.geneticliteracyproject.org/2015/09/15/georgias-wayne-parrott-time-to-end-transparency-double-standard-targeting-biotech-scientists/</a></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">ecorisk</font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 1994, the E.P.A., expressing concerns about atrazine’s health effects, announced that it would start a scientific review. Syngenta assembled a panel of scientists and professors, through a consulting firm called EcoRisk, to study the herbicide. Hayes eventually joined the group. His first experiment showed that male tadpoles exposed to atrazine developed less muscle surrounding their vocal cords, and he hypothesized that the chemical had the potential to reduce testosterone levels. “I have been losing lots of sleep over this,” he wrote one EcoRisk panel member, in the summer of 2000.</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">..In January, 2001, Syngenta employees and members of the EcoRisk panel travelled to Berkeley to discuss Hayes’s new findings. Syngenta asked to meet with him privately, but Hayes insisted on the presence of his students, a few colleagues, and his wife. He had previously had an amiable relationship with the panel—he had enjoyed taking long runs with the scientist who supervised it—and he began the meeting, in a large room at Berkeley’s Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, as if he were hosting an academic conference. He wore a new suit and brought in catered meals.</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">After lunch, Syngenta introduced a guest speaker, a statistical consultant, who listed numerous errors in Hayes’s report and concluded that the results were not statistically significant. Hayes’s wife, Katherine Kim, said that the consultant seemed to be trying to “make Tyrone look as foolish as possible.” Wake, the biology professor, said that the men on the EcoRisk panel looked increasingly uncomfortable. “They were experienced enough to know that the issues the statistical consultant was raising were routine and ridiculous,” he said. “A couple of glitches were presented as if they were the end of the world. I’ve been a scientist in academic settings for forty years, and I’ve never experienced anything like that. They were after Tyrone.”</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">According to company e-mails, Syngenta was distressed by Hayes’s work. Its public-relations team compiled a database of more than a hundred “supportive third party stakeholders,” including twenty-five professors, who could defend atrazine or act as “spokespeople on Hayes.” The P.R. team suggested that the company “purchase ‘Tyrone Hayes’ as a search word on the internet, so that any time someone searches for Tyrone’s material, the first thing they see is our material.” The proposal was later expanded to include the phrases “amphibian hayes,” “atrazine frogs,” and “frog feminization.” (Searching online for “Tyrone Hayes” now brings up an advertisement that says, “Tyrone Hayes Not Credible.”)</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In June, 2002, two months after Hayes’s first atrazine publication, Syngenta announced in a press release that three studies had failed to replicate Hayes’s work. In a letter to the editor of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, eight scientists on the EcoRisk panel wrote that Hayes’s study had “little regard for assessment of causality,” lacked statistical details, misused the term “dose,” made vague and naïve references, and misspelled a word. They said that Hayes’s claim that his paper had “significant implications for environmental and public health” had not been “scientifically demonstrated.” Steven Milloy, a freelance science columnist who runs a nonprofit organization to which Syngenta has given tens of thousands of dollars, wrote an article for Fox News titled “Freaky-Frog Fraud,” which picked apart Hayes’s paper in Nature, saying that there wasn’t a clear relationship between the concentration of atrazine and the effect on the frog. Milloy characterized Hayes as a “junk scientist” and dismissed his “lame” conclusions as “just another of Hayes’ tricks.”</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Fussy critiques of scientific experiments have become integral to what is known as the “sound science” campaign, an effort by interest groups and industries to slow the pace of regulation. David Michaels, the Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health, wrote, in his book “Doubt Is Their Product” (2008), that corporations have developed sophisticated strategies for “manufacturing and magnifying uncertainty.” In the eighties and nineties, the tobacco industry fended off regulations by drawing attention to questions about the science of secondhand smoke. Many companies have adopted this tactic. “Industry has learned that debating the science is much easier and more effective than debating the policy,” Michaels wrote. “In field after field, year after year, conclusions that might support regulation are always disputed. Animal data are deemed not relevant, human data not representative, and exposure data not reliable.”</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In the summer of 2002, two scientists from the E.P.A. visited Hayes’s lab and reviewed his atrazine data. Thomas Steeger, one of the scientists, told Hayes, “Your research can potentially affect the balance of risk versus benefit for one of the most controversial pesticides in the U.S.” But an organization called the <b>Center for Regulatory Effectiveness </b>petitioned the E.P.A. to ignore Hayes’s findings. “Hayes has killed and continues to kill thousands of frogs in unvalidated tests that have no proven value,” the petition said. The center argued that Hayes’s studies violated the Data Quality Act, passed in 2000, which requires that regulatory decisions rely on studies that meet high standards for “quality, objectivity, utility, and integrity.” The center is run by an industry lobbyist and consultant for Syngenta,<b> Jim Tozzi,</b> who proposed the language of the Data Quality Act to the congresswoman who sponsored it.</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The E.P.A. complied with the Data Quality Act and revised its Environmental Risk Assessment, making it clear that hormone disruption wouldn’t be a legitimate reason for restricting use of the chemical until “appropriate testing protocols have been established.” Steeger told Hayes that he was troubled by the circularity of the center’s critique. In an e-mail, he wrote, “Their position reminds me of the argument put forward by the philosopher Berkeley, who argued against empiricism by noting that reliance on scientific observation is flawed since the link between observations and conclusions is intangible and is thus immeasurable.”</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Hayes had worked all his life to build his scientific reputation, and now it seemed on the verge of collapse. “I cannot in reasonable terms explain to you what this means to me,” he told Steeger. He took pains to prove that Syngenta’s experiments had not replicated his studies: they used a different population of animals, which were raised in different types of tanks, in closer quarters, at cooler temperatures, and with a different feeding schedule. On at least three occasions, he proposed to the Syngenta scientists that they trade data. “If we really want to test repeatability, let’s share animals and solutions,” he wrote.</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In early 2003, Hayes was considered for a job at the Nicholas School of the Environment, at Duke. He visited the campus three times, and the university arranged for a real-estate agent to show him and his wife potential homes. When Syngenta learned that Hayes might be moving to North Carolina, where its crop-protection headquarters are situated, Gary Dickson—the company’s vice-president of global risk assessment, who a year earlier had established a fifty-thousand-dollar endowment, funded by Syngenta, at the Nicholas School—contacted a dean at Duke. According to documents unsealed in the class-action lawsuits, Dickson informed the dean of the “state of the relationship between Dr. Hayes and Syngenta.” The company “wanted to protect our reputation in our community and among our employees.”</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">There were several candidates for the job at Duke, and, when Hayes did not get it, he concluded that it was due to Syngenta’s influence. Richard Di Giulio, a Duke professor who had hosted Hayes’s first visit, said that he was irritated by Hayes’s suggestion: “A little gift of fifty thousand dollars would not influence a tenure hire. That’s not going to happen.” He added, “I’m not surprised that Syngenta would not have liked Hayes to be at Duke, since we’re an hour down the road from them.” He said that Hayes’s conflict with Syngenta was an extreme example of the kind of dispute that is not uncommon in environmental science. The difference, he said, was that the “scientific debate spilled into Hayes’s emotional life.”</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In June, 2003, Hayes paid his own way to Washington so that he could present his work at an E.P.A. hearing on atrazine. The agency had evaluated seventeen studies. Twelve experiments had been funded by Syngenta, and all but two showed that atrazine had no effect on the sexual development of frogs. The rest of the experiments, by Hayes and researchers at two other universities, indicated the opposite. In a PowerPoint presentation at the hearing, Hayes disclosed a private e-mail sent to him by one of the scientists on the EcoRisk panel, a professor at Texas Tech, who wrote, “I agree with you that the important issue is for everyone involved to come to grips with (and stop minimizing) the fact that independent laboratories have demonstrated an effect of atrazine on gonadal differentiation in frogs. There is no denying this.”</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The E.P.A. found that all seventeen atrazine studies, including Hayes’s, suffered from methodological flaws—contamination of controls, variability in measurement end points, poor animal husbandry—and asked Syngenta to fund a comprehensive experiment that would produce more definitive results. Darcy Kelley, a member of the E.P.A.’s scientific advisory panel and a biology professor at Columbia, said that, at the time, “I did not think the E.P.A. made the right decision.” The studies by Syngenta scientists had flaws that “really cast into doubt their ability to carry out their experiments. They couldn’t replicate effects that are as easy as falling off a log.” She thought that Hayes’s experiments were more respectable, but she wasn’t persuaded by Hayes’s explanation of the biological mechanism causing the deformities.</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The E.P.A. approved the continued use of atrazine in October,(2003?) the same month that the European Commission chose to remove it from the market. The European Union generally takes a precautionary approach to environmental risks, choosing restraint in the face of uncertainty. In the U.S., lingering scientific questions justify delays in regulatory decisions. Since the mid-seventies, the E.P.A. has issued regulations restricting the use of only five industrial chemicals out of more than eighty thousand in the environment. Industries have a greater role in the American regulatory process—they may sue regulators if there are errors in the scientific record—and cost-benefit analyses are integral to decisions: a monetary value is assigned to disease, impairments, and shortened lives and weighed against the benefits of keeping a chemical in use. Lisa Heinzerling, the senior climate-policy counsel at the E.P.A. in 2009 and the associate administrator of the office of policy in 2009 and 2010, said that cost-benefit models appear “objective and neutral, a way to free ourselves from the chaos of politics.” But the complex algorithms “quietly condone a tremendous amount of risk.” She added that the influence of the Office of Management and Budget, which oversees major regulatory decisions, has deepened in recent years. “A rule will go through years of scientific reviews and cost-benefit analyses, and then at the final stage it doesn’t pass,” she said. “It has a terrible, demoralizing effect on the culture at the E.P.A.”</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 2003, a Syngenta development committee in Basel approved a strategy to keep atrazine on the market “until at least 2010.” A PowerPoint presentation assembled by Syngenta’s global product manager explained that “we need atrazine to secure our position in the corn marketplace. Without atrazine we cannot defend and grow our business in the USA.” Sherry Ford, the communications manager, wrote in her notebook that the company “should not phase out atz until we know about” the Syngenta herbicide paraquat, which has also been controversial, because of studies showing that it might be associated with Parkinson’s disease. She noted that atrazine “focuses attention away from other products.”</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">A few months after Winchester’s paper appeared, the Times published an investigation suggesting that atrazine levels frequently surpass the maximum threshold allowed in drinking water. The article referred to recent studies in Environmental Health Perspectives and the Journal of Pediatric Surgery that found that mothers living close to water sources containing atrazine were more likely to have babies who were underweight or had a defect in which the intestines and other organs protrude from the body.</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The day the article appeared, Syngenta planned to “go through the article line by line and find all 1) inaccuracies and 2) misrepresentations. Turn that into a simple chart.” The company would have “a credible third party do the same.” Elizabeth Whelan, the president of the American Council on Science and Health, which asked Syngenta for a hundred thousand dollars that year, appeared on MSNBC and declared that the Times article was not based on science. “I’m a public-health professional,” she said. “It really bothers me very much to see the New York Times front-page Sunday edition featuring an article about a bogus risk.”</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Syngenta’s public-relations team wrote editorials about the benefits of atrazine and about the flimsy science of its critics, and then sent them to “third-party allies,” who agreed to “byline” the articles, which appeared in the Washington Times, the Rochester Post-Bulletin, the Des Moines Register, and the St. Cloud Times. When a few articles in the “op-ed pipeline” sounded too aggressive, a Syngenta consultant warned that “some of the language of these pieces is suggestive of their source, which suggestion should be avoided at all costs.”</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">After the Times article, Syngenta hired a communications consultancy, the White House Writers Group, which has represented more than sixty Fortune 500 companies. In an e-mail to Syngenta, Josh Gilder, a director of the firm and a former speechwriter for Ronald Reagan, wrote, “We need to start fighting our own war.” By warning that a ban on atrazine would “devastate the economies” of rural regions, the firm tried to create a “state of affairs in which the new political leadership at E.P.A. finds itself increasingly isolated.” The firm held “elite dinners with Washington influentials” and tried to “prompt members of Congress” to challenge the scientific rationale for an upcoming E.P.A. review of atrazine. In a memo describing its strategy, the White House Writers Group wrote that, “regarding science, it is important to keep in mind that the major players in Washington do not understand science.”</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 2010, Hayes told the EcoRisk panel in an e-mail, “I have just initiated what will be the most extraordinary academic event in this battle!” He had another paper coming out in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, which described how male tadpoles exposed to atrazine grew up to be functional females with impaired fertility. He advised the company that it would want to get its P.R. campaign up to speed. “It’s nice to know that in this economy I can keep so many people employed,” he wrote. He quoted both Tupac Shakur and the South African king Shaka Zulu: “Never leave an enemy behind or it will rise again to fly at your throat.”</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Syngenta’s head of global product safety wrote a letter to the editor of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences and to the president of the National Academy of Sciences, expressing concern that a “publication with so many obvious weaknesses could achieve publication in such a reputable scientific journal.” A month later, Syngenta filed an ethics complaint with the chancellor of Berkeley, claiming that Hayes’s e-mails violated the university’s Standards of Ethical Conduct, particularly Respect for Others. Syngenta posted more than eighty of Hayes’s e-mails on its Web site and enclosed a few in its letter to the chancellor. In one, with the subject line “Are y’all ready for it,” Hayes wrote, “Ya fulla my jz right now!” In another, he told the Syngenta scientists that he’d had a drink after a conference with their “republican buddies,” who wanted to know about a figure he had used in his paper. “As long as you followin me around, I know I’m da sht,” he wrote. “By the way, yo boy left his pre-written questions at the table!”</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Berkeley declined to take disciplinary action against Hayes. The university’s lawyer reminded Syngenta in a letter that “all parties have an equal responsibility to act professionally.” David Wake said that he read many of the e-mails and found them “quite hilarious.” “He’s treating them like street punks, and they view themselves as captains of industry,” he said. “When he gets tapped, he goes right back at them.”</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Michelle Boone, a professor of aquatic ecology at Miami University, who served on the E.P.A.’s scientific advisory panel, said, “We all follow the Tyrone Hayes drama, and some people will say, ‘He should just do the science.’ But the science doesn’t speak for itself. Industry has unlimited resources and bully power. Tyrone is the only one calling them out on what they’re doing.” However, she added, “I do think some people feel he has lost his objectivity.”</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Keith Solomon, a professor emeritus at the University of Guelph, Ontario, who has received funding from Syngenta and served on the EcoRisk panel, noted that academics who refuse industry money are not immune from biases; they’re under pressure to produce papers, in order to get tenure and promotions. “If I do an experiment, look at the data every which way, and find nothing, it will not be easy to publish,” he said. “Journals want excitement. They want bad things to happen.”</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 1997, EcoRisk approached Hayes on behalf of Syngenta's corporate predecessor [15], Novartis. They wanted him to study atrazine, which at the time was going through a product reapproval process mandated by the EPA. Hayes took the gig, figuring Novartis wouldn't ask him to look into the herbicide's effects if it expected him to find anything. "My hypothesis was, nothing's going to happen," he recalls.</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">To Hayes' surprise, EcoRisk and Novartis didn't seem as concerned about his findings as he was. He was asked to repeat the studies but wasn't given the necessary funding, he says, and EcoRisk scientists suggested statistical manipulations that made the voice box effect appear to vanish. Hayes weighed simply handing over his data. After all, this was contract work. "It's just like if I was an artist and you told me to paint you this color, and I paint you that color and you buy the painting and I'm done with it," he says.</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Hayes postulates that atrazine affects gender by activating a gene that produces an enzyme called aromatase, which converts androgens—male sex hormones—to estrogens. In his talks, he makes sure to point out that estrogen is the same in frogs and humans. Just like frogs, we begin our development steeped in an aqueous environment: amniotic fluid. The chemical that so powerfully alters the gonads of a frog may be having an effect on us, too [19].In the end, he couldn't do it. In 2000, he resigned from the panel of scientists working for EcoRisk. He then repeated the experiment, twice, and in April 2002 published his findings [5] in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. He has since published a dozen atrazine papers [17]in peer-reviewed journals and replicated his findings with two other frog species, both in the lab and in nature. One study, published in pnas in 2010[18], found that when 40 male Xenopus hatched in water contaminated with atrazine at a level of 2.5 ppb, three-quarters wound up chemically castrated or partially feminized; four, like Darnell, changed genders completely. He has also tracked a population of leopard frogs in a Wyoming pond for a decade, documenting how the ratio of males to females rises and falls in tandem with atrazine levels.</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">At one conference in 2005, he contends, Syngenta staff scientist Tim Pastoor accused him of "cherry-picking data" and asked if he cherry-picked his dates as well. Hayes responded in an email: "don't worry...daddy has no intentions of picking your cherry." At another meeting, Pastoor asserted that atrazine was a vital tool for US farmers. Hayes emailed him to ask [25], "How long have YOU been a 'vital tool'?" adding, "I've got your vital tool right here."Over time, these tense interactions escalated into the kind of verbal jostling you'd expect in a high school hallway. Syngenta officials, according to Hayes, have made derogatory remarks about his appearance, his speaking style, and even his sexual proclivities, which sounds implausible until you consider that Syngenta's PR firm, Jayne Thompson & Associates, once proposed a covert media campaign [24] to discredit the court system in an Illinois county where judges are presiding over an atrazine lawsuit.</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">While there was a certain frat boy humor to this scientific smack talk, there was also an element of psychological warfare. After Hayes gave a lecture at the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry confab in 2007, he received an email from Syngenta scientist Alan Hosmer, whom he knew from his EcoRisk days: "You lost and everyone at SETAC was calling you an entertaining fraud," Hosmer wrote.</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Hayes felt the message was designed to arouse a black academic's worst anxieties: the fear of being seen as a buffoon or an affirmative-action mistake. This time, Syngenta reps received a six-page email response [25] titled: "I OWN THIS: A MADMAN'S MANIFESTO." In it, Hayes bragged of his fame ("I get paid $10,000 for talking for an hour"), ridiculed Syngenta's research ("nothing you have done can touch the quality of my work"), and waxed poetic about how his kids attend the fancy "white private schools" that were unavailable to him. He also deployed his favorite phrase—"I don't give a fuck"—shortened to an acronym: "IDGAF! Come on?????...do you think I care about propriety and professionalism?...I have used the 'F-word' in my talks, have quoted DMX, Busta Rhymes, Tyra Banks, Marvin Gaye...I pack the room, have em' call out security...and have been invited back every year. That's my house, Trick!"</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Things came to a head in February 2010, when Syngenta's Pastoor buttonholed Hayes in the Illinois Statehouse as Hayes prepared to testify before an Assembly committee. "Who's taking care of your family and your lab when you're traveling so much, Tea Bag?" Pastoor allegedly said. "Don't you worry about that?" The episode ended, Hayes claims, with Pastoor saying: "Next time you give a talk, I'm going to bring some of my good old boys and let you tell them how atrazine is making them gay. That should be fun. How about that, Tea Bag?"...</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Data Evaluation Report on Response of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine Exposure: Assessment of the Mechanism </font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">of Action of Atrazine. </font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">EPA MRID Number 458677-04 </font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Data Requirement:: </font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">EPA DP Barcode D288775 </font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Abcdef8 </font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">EPA MRID 458677-04 </font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">EPA Guideline 70-1(Special Study) </font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Test material: Purity: 97.1% </font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Common name Atrazine </font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">chemical name: IUPAC </font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">CAS name 6-chloro-N-ethyl-N’-(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">CAS No. 1912-24-9</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">synonyms</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">EPA PC Code: 80803</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Primary Reviewer: Thomas M. Steeger, Ph.D., Senior Biologist Date: March 27, 2003</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Environmental Fate and Effects Division, ERB 4, </font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">U. S. Environmental Protection Agency</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Secondary Reviewer(s): Joseph E. Tietge, M.S., Research Aquatic Biologist Date:</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Mid-Continent Ecology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (Duluth),</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">U. S. Environmental Protection Agency</font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Stephanie Irene, Ph.D., Senior Advisor Date: </font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Environmental Fate and Effects Division, ERB 3, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency </font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Mary J. Frankenberry, Senior Statistician Date: </font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Environmental Fate and Effects Division, ERB 3, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency </font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">EPA PC Code 080803 </font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Date Evaluation Completed: 05/31/2003 </font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">CITATION: Hecker, M., K. K. Coady, D. L. Villeneuve, M. B. Murphy, P. D. Jones and J. P. Giesy. 2003. </font></div>
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Response of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine Exposure: Assessment of the Mechanism of Action of Atrazine.</font></div>
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<div><b><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Michigan State University, National Food Safety and Toxicology Center, </font></b></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>E. Lansing, MI. Sponsor: Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc.</b>, Laboratory Study ID ECORISK Number MSU-</font></div>