RJ Reynolds

see 2 age of trump
pioneer in advert; walk mile for a camel MoD 10

develop sci for defense 13 afraid that if harm demo'd, then taxes would follow.

SOB Memo  <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J.Reynolds_Son-of-a-Bitch_memo">http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J.Reynolds_Son-of-a-Bitch_memo</a>

=The country’s second-biggest tobacco company has been a top funder of the controversial “dark money” organization created to promote President Donald Trump’s legislative agenda, according to a MapLight review.Reynolds American Inc., which manufactures Newport and Camel cigarettes, disclosed last week that it <a href="http://s2.q4cdn.com/129460998/files/doc_downloads/corporate_poltical/2017-Corporate-Contributions-to-501-(c)-(4)-and-501-(c)-(6)-Organizations.pdf" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 99, 150); text-decoration-line: none;">donated</a> $1.5 million to America First Policies in 2017. Created by former Trump campaign officials, the nonprofit has faced criticism for the racist, anti-Muslim and anti-Semitic views expressed by its staff.While America First Policies <a href="https://www.axios.com/pro-trump-outside-group-raised-30-million-in-2017-1516759350-449ae7d0-deb8-431f-8912-bc4677761abf.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 99, 150); text-decoration-line: none;">raised</a> $26 million last year, three Fortune 500 companies <a href="https://maplight.org/story/southern-co-joins-dow-cvs-in-cutting-off-support-for-pro-trump-dark-money-organization/" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 99, 150); text-decoration-line: none;">said earlier this month</a> that they would no longer give money to the organization after MapLight reported on their donations. Two officials <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/08/politics/carl-higbie-america-first-policies/index.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 99, 150); text-decoration-line: none;">have</a> <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/14/politics/kfile-adviser-let-go-from-pro-trump/index.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 99, 150); text-decoration-line: none;">left</a> the group in recent weeks.The donation from Reynolds is the largest known contribution to America First Policies, which does not disclose its donors to the public. Reynolds also <a href="http://docquery.fec.gov/pdf/286/201704180300150286/201704180300150286.pdf" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 99, 150); text-decoration-line: none;">gave</a> $1 million to Trump’s inaugural committee. Cigarette smoking kills more than 480,000 Americans each year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention."Dark money groups are often used to disguise the support for candidates or officeholders from unsavory industries," said Brendan Fischer, a lawyer at the nonprofit Campaign Legal Center in Washington, D.C. "Trump may not want to be publicly associated with the tobacco industry, but the tobacco industry certainly wants Trump's support for their agenda."Reynolds American and America First Policies did not respond to questions from MapLight.Reynolds has been a major beneficiary of Trump’s time in Washington. The Republican tax bill was a boon for the company, which <a href="http://disclosures.house.gov/ld/ldxmlrelease/2017/Q4/300934638.xml" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 99, 150); text-decoration-line: none;">reported lobbying</a> on the legislation. Reynolds <a href="https://www.usnews.com/news/best-states/north-carolina/articles/2018-03-08/reynolds-american-to-offer-1-000-bonuses-to-most-employees" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 99, 150); text-decoration-line: none;">announced</a> that most of its employees would receive a $1,000 bonus. Its parent company, London-based British American Tobacco, said it will ultimately save $13.3 billion under the new law.Last year, the Trump administration <a href="http://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/reynolds-american-s-proposed-acquisition-by-bat-clears-u-s-antitrust-hurdle-1001819613" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 99, 150); text-decoration-line: none;">allowed</a> British American Tobacco’s $54 billion acquisition of Reynolds to proceed without raising any antitrust questions. The purchase created the world’s largest publicly traded tobacco company, and it means that Reynolds is now a wholly owned subsidiary of a British company.Although federal election law bars foreign nationals from participating in U.S. elections, domestic subsidiaries of foreign corporations <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2016/09/fec-stalemates-on-how-to-deal-with-foreign-owned-companies-spending-in-elections/" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 99, 150); text-decoration-line: none;">are allowed</a> to spend in elections. The only conditions are that the money must come from U.S. profits, and the spending can’t be directed by foreign nationals.In 2016, the Intercept reported that a Chinese-owned company <a href="https://theintercept.com/2016/08/03/gop-lawyer-chinese-owned-company-us-presidential-politics/" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 99, 150); text-decoration-line: none;">had donated</a> $1.3 million to a super PAC supporting former Florida Gov. Jeb Bush’s failed presidential campaign at the direction of a foreign national.America First Policies and its sister super PAC, America First Action, set a fundraising goal of <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/20/us/politics/trump-donors-america-first.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 99, 150); text-decoration-line: none;">$100 million</a> to support Trump’s agenda and aid Republican congressional candidates in the midterm elections this year.Last year, America First Policies disclosed spending $452,000 to support former Sen. Luther Strange, R-Ala., in his unsuccessful GOP primary campaign, and it spent more than $1.3 million to prevent Democrat Jon Ossoff from winning an open congressional seat in Georgia.The organization <a href="http://abc6onyourside.com/news/local/pence-heckled-repeatedly-by-protesters-during-speech-on-tax-reform" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 99, 150); text-decoration-line: none;">has hosted</a> more than a dozen events with Vice President Mike Pence this year to build support for the Republican tax law. Pence was heckled by protestors at a recent America First Policies event in Ohio over his anti-gay views and the administration’s immigration policy, which has <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/20/us/politics/trump-immigration-children-executive-order.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 99, 150); text-decoration-line: none;">separated thousands</a> of immigrant children from their families at the border.repmap gerrymnander NCAmong the largest North Carolina backers of the Republican State Leadership Committee:

REYNOLDS AMERICAN: Leading the pack by a wide margin is tobacco

giant Reynolds American, based in Winston-Salem, which has given the

RSLC close to $3.1 million over the past five years. Last year, Reynolds

completed a <a id="yui_3_16_0_1_1455381332111_18770" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://org2.salsalabs.com/dia/track.jsp?v=2&c=oKHXbLzS8X%2F%2BU5DWh6FQYaDHvA8T5rim">$27.4 billion merger</a>

with Greensboro-based tobacco company Lorillard, which is the state's

second-biggest donor to the RSLC, having pitched in nearly $335,000

since 2011. The merger <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://org2.salsalabs.com/dia/track.jsp?v=2&c=3mWkU7gE0AovV%2F%2B9G2Z6raDHvA8T5rim">unites</a>

two already substantial political donors to conservative groups. In

addition to funneling money through the RSLC, the two companies — which

have had key cases appear in N.C. courts in recent years — have been

directly involved in spending on judicial elections: Since 2012,

Reynolds American has given Justice for All $130,000 and Lorillard has

donated $25,000. Reynolds gave $150,000 to the N.C. Judicial Coalition

in 2012.=By Phil Mattera, <a href="http://dirtdiggersdigest.org/archives/4723" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(71, 109, 151); text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: medium;">Dirt Diggers Digest</a>At the headquarters of Reynolds American (parent of R.J. Reynolds Tobacco) in North Carolina and the Virginia headquarters of Altria (parent of Philip Morris USA) time is apparently running backwards. The two companies just <a href="http://fortune.com/2015/04/14/tobacco-co-sue-fda-over-label-approvals/" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(71, 109, 151); text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: medium;">filed</a> a lawsuit in DC federal court that reads like it was written in 1995, not 2015.The target of the suit (15-CV-00544) is the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, which the companies apparently have forgotten was given <a href="http://www.fda.gov/TobaccoProducts/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/ucm298595.htm" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(71, 109, 151); text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: medium;">authority</a> by Congress in 2009 to regulate tobacco marketing, including the introduction of new products. That law came after years of vociferous opposition by Big Tobacco.What has the companies up in arms is an FDA <a href="http://www.fda.gov/downloads/TobaccoProducts/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/UCM436468.pdf" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(71, 109, 151); text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: medium;">guidance document</a> issued in March concerning review requirements for packaging changes. The agency takes the position that certain modifications in background color, logo and descriptors can be significant enough to trigger the stricter rules regarding new products.Presenting themselves as victims of government overreach, the companies argue that their First Amendment rights are being violated: "FDA's unlawful actions already have harmed Plaintiffs and threaten greater harms in the future by restricting Plaintiffs' ability to modify their product labels without FDA preauthorization and by chilling and restricting protected speech."Although the case does not involve the federal warning labels that have been required for decades, it makes the puzzling argument that the FDA guidelines also violate the industry's Fifth Amendment rights against self-incrimination.While it is not unusual for big business to assert free speech rights to oppose regulations, this position is particularly galling when it comes from the tobacco industry. These are the companies, after all, that for decades concealed and denied the hazards of smoking, asserting it was their right to "believe" their products were non-addictive and did not cause cancer despite the mountain of evidence to the contrary. Their dishonest claims were made all the more fraudulent when documents came to light indicating that firms such as Brown & Williamson (now part of Reynolds American) <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/1994/05/07/us/tobacco-company-was-silent-on-hazards.html" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(71, 109, 151); text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: medium;">knew</a> about the dangers at least as far back as the early 1960s.The issue of control over tobacco packaging was already fought, and the industry lost. In 2006 a federal court, finding that the industry had caused "an immeasurable amount of suffering,"<a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/18/washington/18tobacco.html?r=0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(71, 109, 151); text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: medium;">ordered</a> it stop labeling cigarettes with designations such as low tar, light and natural that gave the misleading impression that they were safe.Tobacco companies began using techniques such as package coloring to get around the restriction. In 2010 a New York Times <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/19/business/19smoke.html" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(71, 109, 151); text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: medium;">article</a> on the practice quoted Prof. Gregory Connolly of the Harvard School of Public Health as saying the industry was "circumventing the law." He added: "They're using color coding to perpetuate one of the biggest public health myths into the next century."At the heart of the new case is the tension between public policies designed to discourage tobacco use and the continued existence of an industry which has to attract customers to survive. The industry's lawsuit, with its assertion of free speech rights, proceeds from the assumption that producing and selling tobacco products is a legitimate activity. A more appropriate premise might be that tobacco is a public health menace that should be controlled as tightly as possible until the last smoker has kicked the habit and the companies can shut down.Big Tobacco would do well to stop wrapping itself in the Bill of Rights and acknowledge that it is lucky it is still allowed to sell its deadly products at all.(Note: This piece draws from my new Corporate Rap Sheets on <a href="http://corp-research.org/reynolds_american" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-weight: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(71, 109, 151); text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: medium;">Reynolds American</a> and <a href="http://corp-research.org/altria_pmi" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px none; font-weight: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(71, 109, 151); text-decoration: none; outline-style: none; outline-width: medium;">Altria</a>.)<div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</div><a rel="nofollow" target="blank" href="http://org2.salsalabs.com/dia/track.jsp?v=2&c=K4WI%2BwrhoJdd65S3aLLKfMzVWvzapPCb" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.2em; outline: none;">BIG TOBACCO MERGER UNITES POWERFUL NC POLITICAL DONORS:</a>The deal joining North Carolina-based tobacco giants Reynolds American and Lorillard also unites two of the state's biggest corporate political contributors. Besides donating directly to candidates and committees, the companies have also been funneling money into outside spending groups active in the state's politics. (7/25/2014)

<p style="margin: 0.4em 0px 0.5em; line-height: 19.1875px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">In May 2013, the Center for Public Integrity reported that Reynolds American gave $175,000 to Grover Norquist's <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Americans_for_Tax_Reform" title="Americans for Tax Reform" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">Americans for Tax Reform</a> and $50,000 to the Koch brothers' <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Americans_for_Prosperity" title="Americans for Prosperity" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">Americans for Prosperity</a> in 2012.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Reynolds_American#cite_note-1" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">[2]</a>

<p style="margin: 0.4em 0px 0.5em; line-height: 19.1875px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">These are two of the most active and secretive political nonprofits operating in the U.S. today. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reporting.sunlightfoundation.com/outside-spending-2012/committee/americans-for-prosperity/C90013285/" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); background-image: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs+9AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA/nAKks+JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">Americans for Prosperity</a> spent over $33 million in attack ads directly targeting President Obama in the 2012 campaign. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.publicintegrity.org/2012/06/21/9169/nonprofit-profile-americans-tax-reform" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); background-image: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs+9AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA/nAKks+JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">Americans for Tax Reform</a> reported nearly $16 million in expenditures in 2012.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Reynolds_American#cite_note-2" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">[3]</a>

<h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); width: auto; font-size: 19px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Support for the American Legislative Exchange Council</h2>

<p style="margin: 0.4em 0px 0.5em; line-height: 19.1875px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Reynolds American is <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/ALEC_Boards_and_Task_Forces#.22Private_Enterprise.22_Board_of_Directors" title="ALEC Boards and Task Forces" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">Private Enterprise Board</a> member of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/American_Legislative_Exchange_Council" title="American Legislative Exchange Council" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">American Legislative Exchange Council</a>, was a "President" level sponsor of 2011 ALEC Annual Conference, which in 2010, equated to $100,000, and among other things, sponsor of the "Cigar Reception"<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Reynolds_American#cite_note-4" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">[5]</a> and the "Leadership Dinner" speech of <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Arthur_C._Brooks" title="Arthur C. Brooks" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">Arthur C. Brooks</a> of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/American_Enterprise_Institute" title="American Enterprise Institute" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">American Enterprise Institute</a> at the 2011 ALEC Annual Conference.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Reynolds_American#cite_note-5" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; white-space: nowrap; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">[6]</a>

<table style="font-size: 13px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 1px solid rgb(201, 215, 240);"><tbody><tr><th style=" background-color: rgb(41, 102, 184); font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid rgb(64, 127, 212); text-align: left; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">About ALEC</th></tr><tr><td style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">

<div style=" padding: 2px 5px; font-size: 13px;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/ALEC" title="ALEC" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">ALEC</a> is a corporate bill mill. It is not just a lobby or a front group; it is much more powerful than that. Through ALEC, corporations hand state legislators their wishlists to benefit their bottom line. Corporations fund almost all of ALEC's operations. They pay for a seat on ALEC task forces where corporate lobbyists and special interest reps vote with elected officials to approve “model” bills. Learn more at the Center for Media and Democracy's <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alecexposed.org/" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); background-image: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs+9AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA/nAKks+JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">ALECexposed.org</a>, and check out breaking news on our <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prwatch.org/" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); background-image: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs+9AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA/nAKks+JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">PRWatch.org site</a>.</div>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); width: auto; font-size: 19px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Sourcewatch resources</h2>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/R.J._Reynolds" title="R.J. Reynolds" class="mw-redirect" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">R.J. Reynolds</a></li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Tobacco_industry" title="Tobacco industry" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">Tobacco industry</a></li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Tobacco_industry_public_relations_strategies" title="Tobacco industry public relations strategies" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">Tobacco industry public relations strategies</a></li>

</ul>

<h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); width: auto; font-size: 19px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">External resources</h2>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Reynolds American website: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.reynoldsamerican.com/" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); background-image: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs+9AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA/nAKks+JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">http://www.reynoldsamerican.com/</a></li>

</ul>

<h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); width: auto; font-size: 19px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">References</h2>

<li id="cite_note-0" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Reynolds_American#cite_ref-0" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">↑</a> Reynolds American <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reynoldsamerican.com/" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); background-image: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs+9AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA/nAKks+JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">Reynolds American</a> Corporate home page, accessed July 5, 2011</li>

<li id="cite_note-1" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Reynolds_American#cite_ref-1" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">↑</a> Dave Levinthal, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.publicintegrity.org/2013/05/30/12740/tobacco-giant-funded-conservative-nonprofits" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); background-image: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs+9AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA/nAKks+JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">Tobacco giant funded conservative nonprofits</a>, The Center for Public Integrity, May 30, 2013</li>

<li id="cite_note-2" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Reynolds_American#cite_ref-2" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">↑</a> Sunlight Foundation Reporting Group, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reporting.sunlightfoundation.com/outside-spending-2012/committee/americans-for-tax-reform/C90011289" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); background-image: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs+9AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA/nAKks+JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">Americans For Tax Reform</a>, organizational report, accessed May 31, 2013</li>

<li id="cite_note-3" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Reynolds_American#cite_ref-3" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">↑</a> Dave Levinthal, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.publicintegrity.org/2013/05/30/12740/tobacco-giant-funded-conservative-nonprofits" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); background-image: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs+9AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA/nAKks+JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">Tobacco giant funded conservative nonprofits</a>, The Center for Public Integrity, May 30, 2013</li>

<li id="cite_note-4" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Reynolds_American#cite_ref-4" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">↑</a> Eric Carlson, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prwatch.org/news/2011/08/10939/journalist-kicked-out-alec-conference-threatened-arrest" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(102, 51, 102); background-image: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs+9AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA/nAKks+JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">Journalist Kicked out of ALEC Conference, Threatened With Arrest</a>, PRWatch.org, August 5, 2011</li>

<li id="cite_note-5" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Reynolds_American#cite_ref-5" style=" text-decoration: none; color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">↑</a> American Legislative Exchange Council, "Solutions for the States," 38th Annual Meeting agenda, on file with CMD, August 3-6, 2011</li>

</ol>

===

<li style=" margin: 0px 0px -0.1em; padding: 3px 0px 0px; list-style-position: inside;"><a href="http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/contrib.php?cycle=2014&cid=N00029675" style=" color: rgb(34, 34, 34); text-decoration: none;">Reynolds American</a> to Brett Guthrie (R) in 2014</li>

<li style=" margin: 0px 0px -0.1em; padding: 3px 0px 0px; list-style-position: inside;"><a href="http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/contrib.php?cycle=2014&cid=N00030184" style=" color: rgb(34, 34, 34); text-decoration: none;">Reynolds American</a> to Cedric Richmond (D) in 2014</li>

<li style=" margin: 0px 0px -0.1em; padding: 3px 0px 0px; list-style-position: inside;"><a href="http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/contrib.php?cycle=2014&cid=N00026595" style=" color: rgb(34, 34, 34); text-decoration: none;">Reynolds American</a> to Charles W. Boustany Jr (R) in 2014</li>

<li style=" margin: 0px 0px -0.1em; padding: 3px 0px 0px; list-style-position: inside;"><a href="http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/contrib.php?cycle=2014&cid=N00004558" style=" color: rgb(34, 34, 34); text-decoration: none;">Reynolds American</a> to Collin C. Peterson (D) in 2014</li>

<li style=" margin: 0px 0px -0.1em; padding: 3px 0px 0px; list-style-position: inside;"><a href="http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/contrib.php?cycle=2014&cid=N00030780" style=" color: rgb(34, 34, 34); text-decoration: none;">Reynolds American</a> to Cory Gardner (R) in 2014</li>

</ul>

==

A former 18-year member of Congress who was a longtime friend of the tobacco industry while in office has become a paid consultant and registered lobbyist for tobacco giant <a href="http://www.reynoldsamerican.com/Careers/companies.cfm">Reynolds American</a>.

Steve Buyer, a Republican congressman from Indiana from 1993 to 2011, had been the beneficiary of over $100,000 in Reynolds <a href="http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/contrib.php?cycle=2008&type=I&cid=n00003924&newMem=N&recs=20">donations</a> over the years and pushed the company’s legislative goals.

</div>

In 2009, he gave a famously colorful <a href="http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/clip.php?appid=595172314">speech</a> on the House floor endorsing smokeless tobacco: "You could have smoked that lettuce and you still end up with the same problems. You could cut the grass in your yard, dry it, and roll it up in a cigarette, and smoke it — and you're still going to have a lot of problems," he said. "It is the smoke that kills, not the nicotine.”... <a href="http://www.propublica.org/article/congressman-who-compared-cigarettes-lettuce-becomes-rj-reynolds-lobbyist">http://www.propublica.org/article/congressman-who-compared-cigarettes-lettuce-becomes-rj-reynolds-lobbyist</a>

==

<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J.Reynolds_Tobacco_Company">http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J.Reynolds_Tobacco_Company</a>

R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. is the manufacturer of four of the United States' 10 best-selling cigarette brands: <a href="http://www.cigarettespedia.com/index.php/BrandWinston" class="external text" title="http://www.cigarettespedia.com/index.php/BrandWinston" rel="nofollow">Winston</a>, <a href="http://www.cigarettespedia.com/index.php/BrandCamel" class="external text" title="http://www.cigarettespedia.com/index.php/BrandCamel" rel="nofollow">Camel</a>, <a href="http://www.cigarettespedia.com/index.php/BrandSalem" class="external text" title="http://www.cigarettespedia.com/index.php/BrandSalem" rel="nofollow">Salem</a> and <a href="http://www.cigarettespedia.com/index.php/BrandDoral" class="external text" title="http://www.cigarettespedia.com/index.php/BrandDoral" rel="nofollow">Doral</a>. Reynolds American, Inc. is the parent company of R.J. Reynolds, according to Reynolds American's Web site.<a href="http://www.reynoldsamerican.com/" class="external autonumber" title="http://www.reynoldsamerican.com/" rel="nofollow">[1]</a> In 2010, R.J. Reynolds had a Net Sales of $8.6 billion and a Net Income of $1.1 billion. And its CEO, Daniel Delen, made $6.2 million the same year.

Reynolds American is a member of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Legislative_Exchange_Council" title="American Legislative Exchange Council">American Legislative Exchange Council</a> (ALEC). David Powers, Vice President of State Government Relations and registered lobbyist, is on ALEC's Private Enterprise Board and its International Relations Task Force as Co-Chair as of 2011.

<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Template:About_ALEC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:About ALEC (page does not exist)">Template:About ALEC</a>

History

R.J. Reynolds Industries in 1985 encompassed tobacco, food, beverages, spirits and wines, food service and "specialty retailing." According to a 1985 corporate presentation, RJR Industries sought to reduce the company's dependence on tobacco earnings by diversifying into non-tobacco products and services.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_note-0" title="">[1]</a>

<h2>Contents</h2>

[<a href="javascript:toggleToc()" class="internal" id="togglelink">hide</a>]</div>

<ul>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#Conglomerate_activities">1 Conglomerate activities</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#Company_History">2 Company History</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#Lobbying_and_Political_Contributions">3 Lobbying and Political Contributions</a>

<ul>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#Lobbying">3.1 Lobbying</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#Subsidiaries">4 Subsidiaries</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#RJR_Projects_and_Operations">5 RJR Projects and Operations</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#Additional_RJR_documents">6 Additional RJR documents</a>

<ul>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#Letter_to_5th_grade_class.2C_1972">6.1 Letter to 5th grade class, 1972</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#Secondhand_smoke_strategy_paper.2C_1994">6.2 Secondhand smoke strategy paper, 1994</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#Personnel">7 Personnel</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#Contact_Details">8 Contact Details</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#SourceWatch_Resources">9 SourceWatch Resources</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#External_links">10 External links</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#References">11 References</a></li>

</ul>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<h3>Conglomerate activities</h3>

According to the company's web site, the R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company (RJRT) "is the second-largest cigarette manufacturer in the United States, with "Our company's rich heritage of innovation in the laboratory and in the marketplace continue to serve us well in successfully meeting the cigarette brand preferences of about 25% of the nation's 46.5 million adult smokers." RJR is headquartered in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_note-1" title="">[2]</a>

By 1989 Reynolds also owned Nabisco and Del Monte, and it was taken over itself by junk-bond leverage buyout specialists, Kohlberg Kravis and Roberts (KKR). The extend of the borrowings needed for the buyout left the company financially emasculated for many years (it had book debts of $25 billion) which allowed Philip Morris to dominate the market globally and control most of the political corruption activities. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_note-2" title="">[3]</a>

But RJR-Nabisco still had enormous influence and bargaining power: at its apex in the late 1980s, KKR also controlled Wesson Oil. Ritz crackers, Winston cigarettes, Duracell Batteries, Safeways and Fred Meyer stores, Stop & Shop supermarkets, Bradlee Department stores, Auto Zone car parts, the Motel 6 chain and half-a-dozen CBS TV affiliates. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_note-3" title="">[4]</a>

<h2>Company History</h2>

<ul>

<li>R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company was founded in 1875, when 25-year-old Richard Joshua Reynolds started a chewing-tobacco manufacturing operation in the town of Winston, North Carolina. (Winston would later merge with the nearby village of Salem, creating the city known today as Winston-Salem.)</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>In 1899, R.J. Reynolds cut a deal that gave <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=James_Buchanan%22Buck%22_Duke" title="James Buchanan " buck="buck" duke="duke">Buck Duke</a>'s tobacco trust a two-thirds stake in R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company. Reynolds secured the exclusive concession of shipping Camel cigarettes to the American troops fighting World War I in Europe.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J.Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_note-4" title="">[5]</a></li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>Although the town of Winston had only a few hundred residents and no paved roads, Mr. Reynolds saw two potential keys to business success: Winston was a production center for flue-cured tobacco leaf, and the town sat on a newly built railroad line.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>Mr. Reynolds was the sixth of 16 children, and a Virginia native. He was a hands-on manager, who personally selected "recipes" and packaging for his products, and knew virtually every employee by name. He was instrumental in getting roads built in the town, helped establish a savings bank, and served as a city commissioner. He and his wife supported numerous educational and human-service efforts in the community.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>Someone once said about Mr. Reynolds, "He can see further ahead than most people can see behind them."<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_note-5" title="">[6]</a> Having started a chewing-tobacco business, he correctly anticipated the growth in popularity of smoking tobaccos - and introduced pipe tobaccos supported by memorable advertising campaigns. He then went on to revolutionize U.S. cigarette blends, marketing, and packaging.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>In 1912, Mr. Reynolds devised an employee stock plan. It's been said that he feared Wall Street like he feared the devil -- and he wanted as much voting stock as possible in the hands of his employees. He used a profit-sharing formula that paid shareholders an extra dividend - and would make many RJRT employees very "comfortable" in the years ahead.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>In 1913, Reynolds Tobacco introduced Camel cigarettes, containing a blend of several different types of tobacco that would come to be called "the American blend." Supported by a unique introductory "teaser" advertising campaign that hyped the start of sales of the cigarette long before it actually hit the market, Camel became the first nationally popular cigarette in the United States country. Reynolds Tobacco established virtually every packaging standard in the U.S. cigarette industry. The 20-cigarette pack was introduced by Reynolds Tobacco in 1913, and in 1915 the company introduced the one-piece, 10-pack carton. In 1931, Reynolds Tobacco became the first company to package its cigarettes with a moisture-proof, sealed cellophane outerwrap to preserve freshness.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>In 1918, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Richard_Joshua%22Josh%22/R.J._Reynolds" title="Richard Joshua " josh="josh" r="" j="" reynolds="reynolds">Richard Joshua Reynolds</a> - the company founder - died at the age of 68.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>The Reynolds Building - the new headquarters for Reynolds Tobacco Company - opened in downtown Winston-Salem on April 27, 1929.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>In 1954, Reynolds Tobacco introduced Winston - the first filter cigarette to achieve a major success in the marketplace.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>In 1956, Reynolds Tobacco introduced Salem - the first filter-tipped menthol cigarette.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>In 1958, Reynolds Tobacco became the nation's leading cigarette manufacturer - a position the company held until 1983.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>Reynolds Tobacco opened its new Whitaker Park cigarette plant in 1961, a few miles away from downtown Winston-Salem. Previously, all the company's factories had been downtown, in view of the headquarters office.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>The Doral brand was first introduced by Reynolds Tobacco in 1969. (It was re-introduced in the value segment in 1984.)</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>In 1980, Reynolds Tobacco announced a multi-year construction and modernization program to upgrade its manufacturing facilities.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>In 1982, Reynolds Tobacco opened another office building - the RJR Plaza Building --adjacent to and connected with its Reynolds Building headquarters. Reynolds Tobacco opened its newest and largest plant, the Tobaccoville Manufacturing Center, in 1986.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>Reynolds Tobacco began diversifying into foods and other non-tobacco businesses in the 1960s. By 1970, the corporation formed a new parent company called R.J. Reynolds Industries, Inc.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>In 1983, RJR founded its Social Responsibility Department as a response to the growing negative attitude towards smoking. The mission was to minimize the impact of various controversies surrounding smoking on the company's ability to meet its business objectives.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_note-6" title="">[7]</a>The Department did focus group research before the March 19, 1985 running of an ad titled <a href="http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/itf14d00" class="external text" title="http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/itf14d00" rel="nofollow">"Of Cigarettes and Science"</a> about the massive <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=MR_FIT" title="MR FIT">MR FIT</a> (Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial) study. This study was the largest study of its time investigating the causes of cardiac disease and mortality. According to Larry C. White, author of the book "Merchants of Death: The American Tobacco Companies," this ad was a total distortion of an extremely important study of the relationship between a number of risk factors and heart disease. On June 16, 1986, the U.S. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Federal_Trade_Commission" title="Federal Trade Commission">Federal Trade Commission</a> filed a formal complaint against RJRT as a result of the ad. Administrative law judge Montgomery Hyun ruled in favor of RJRT, dismissing the FTC's complaint and holding that the ad was noncommercial speech and not subject to the FTC's regulation.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>In September 1985, Reynolds Industries acquired Nabisco Brands. In 1986, the parent company was re-named RJR Nabisco, Inc.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>In April, 1987, RJR began test marketing a new cigarette called <a href="http://www.cigarettespedia.com/index.php/Magna%28Luxury_Filters_American_Blend%29_KS-20-H%28red%29-USA" class="external text" title="http://www.cigarettespedia.com/index.php/Magna%28Luxury_Filters_American_Blend%29_KS-20-H%28red%29-USA" rel="nofollow">Magna</a>, that showed a glittering chromo logo with the brand name spelled out in bold script against a cherry-red background.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>Also in 1987, RJR formed the Forsyth Tobacco Products division to market discount brands like Austin, Sundance, Scotch Buy and Cost Cutters (the store brand of cigarette for the Kroger Company.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>In November 1988, RJR Nabisco entered a merger agreement with Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. (KKR), for the acquisition of RJR Nabisco by KKR. The merger was completed in April 1989. The acquisition was valued at $25 billion, marking the largest corporate transaction in history at that time. After being privately held for a period, the company's common stock returned to the stock market in 1991. In early 1995, KKR divested its remaining holdings in RJR Nabisco.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>On June 15, 1999, R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Holdings, Inc. became an independent, publicly traded company again, with R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company as its wholly owned subsidiary. The separation was accomplished through a spin-off of the domestic tobacco business on a tax-free basis, to the stockholders of RJR Nabisco Holdings Corp.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_note-7" title="">[8]</a></li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>On January 16, 2002, R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Holdings, Inc. acquired Santa Fe Natural Tobacco Company for $340 million in cash. Santa Fe Natural Tobacco Company, Inc. manufactures [<a href="http://www.cigarettespedia.com/index.php/BrandNatural_American_Spirit" class="external text" title="http://www.cigarettespedia.com/index.php/BrandNatural_American_Spirit" rel="nofollow">Natural American Spirit</a>] cigarettes and other tobacco products, and markets them both nationally and internationally.</li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>In November 2005, the health advocacy groups <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=The_Campaign_for_Tobacco-Free_Kids" title="The Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids">The Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids</a>, the National Latino Council on Alcohol and Tobacco Prevention, and Floridians for Youth Tobacco Education warned that RJR was increasingly marketing to Latino children. The groups specifically objected to RJR's "Kool be true" campaign, which ran an eight-page color ad in Latina magazine featuring pictures of musicians and the line, "It's about pursuing your ambitions and staying connected to your roots." The Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids suggested that the U.S. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Federal_Trade_Commission" title="Federal Trade Commission">Federal Trade Commission</a> collect data on how much tobacco companies spend advertising to different ethnicities. RJR spokesperson Fred McConnell called their cigarettes "multicultural," saying, "Do we want adult Hispanics to smoke our brand? Yeah. Just like we want African-Americans and whites to smoke our brands." <a href="http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20051118/ap_on_he_me/hispanic_smoking;ylt=AiPZ83nRaB.Cbizb8K5iVfOs0NUE;ylu=X3oDMTA3czJjNGZoBHNlYwM3" class="external autonumber" title="http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20051118/ap_on_he_me/hispanic_smoking;ylt=AiPZ83nRaB.Cbizb8K5iVfOs0NUE;ylu=X3oDMTA3czJjNGZoBHNlYwM3" rel="nofollow">[2]</a></li>

</ul>

<ul>

<li>November 28, 2007-RJR announces it will not advertise its brands in newspapers or consumer magazines next year.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_note-8" title="">[9]</a></li>

</ul>

Other RJR brands include Vantage, Excel, Jacks, Monarch, More, Sterling. RJR is also the manufacturer of Prince Albert pipe tobacco.

<h2>Lobbying and Political Contributions</h2>

In 2010, Reynolds American's PAC gave a total $430,820 to politicians: $33,000 to Democrats and $397,800 to Republicans. Reynolds American, the parent company of R.J. Reynolds, spent $947,360 for <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Lobbying" title="Lobbying">lobbying</a> in 2006. In-house lobbyists along with eleven outside <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Lobbying_firms" title="Lobbying firms">lobbying firms</a> were used.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_note-9" title="">[10]</a>

In 2008, a total of $7.3 million was contributed to politicians and pro-corporate PACs.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_note-10" title="">[11]</a>

R.J. Reynolds gave $770,500 to federal candidates in the 05/06 election period through its <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Political_action_committee" title="Political action committee">political action committee</a> - 16% to <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Democrats" title="Democrats" class="mw-redirect">Democrats</a> and 84% to <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Republican_Party%28USA%29" title="Republican Party (USA)">Republicans</a>. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J.Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_note-11" title="">[12]</a>

<h3>Lobbying</h3>

<a href="http://www.opensecrets.org/lobby/clientsum.php?id=D000000092&year=2010" class="external text" title="http://www.opensecrets.org/lobby/clientsum.php?id=D000000092&year=2010" rel="nofollow">Open Secrets</a> reports that in 2010, Reynolds America spent $2.24 million on lobbying expenses. You can view a list of Reynolds America lobbying firms and lobbyists <a href="http://www.opensecrets.org/lobby/clientlbs.php?id=D000000092&year=2010" class="external text" title="http://www.opensecrets.org/lobby/clientlbs.php?id=D000000092&year=2010" rel="nofollow">HERE</a>.

<a href="http://www.opensecrets.org/orgs/lobby.php?id=d000000092" class="external text" title="http://www.opensecrets.org/orgs/lobby.php?id=d000000092" rel="nofollow">Open Secrets</a> shows Reynolds lobbied for 13 bills in 2010. You can see the complete list <a href="http://www.opensecrets.org/orgs/lobby.php?id=d000000092" class="external text" title="http://www.opensecrets.org/orgs/lobby.php?id=d000000092" rel="nofollow">HERE</a>.

<h2>Subsidiaries</h2>

In 1995 RJR established a "microbrand" subsidiary tobacco company called Moonlight Tobacco that marketed offbeat brands of cigarettes. With Moonlight, RJR was hoping to capitalize on wave of popularity behind the emergence of microbrewed beers, like Red Dog and Red Wolf beers, apparent microbrews which were actually manufactured by the major beer companies Miller and Anheuser Busch. Moonlight's brands included Bees ("Honey toasted tobacco"), Politix ("Lighten Up and join the party!"), Jumbos (wide cigarettes), and an art deco-inspired brand called "City." Each brand was also available in light versions. The marketing technique of trying to fool consumers into believing a product is made by a small, off-the-beaten-path company was called "intrapeneuring," or establishing a smaller company inside a larger company. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Philip_Morris" title="Philip Morris" class="mw-redirect">Philip Morris</a> tried the same microbrand technique with its failed <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Dave%27s_cigarette_brand" title="Dave's cigarette brand">Dave's cigarette brand</a> in 1994.<a href="http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/tog82d00" class="external autonumber" title="http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/tog82d00" rel="nofollow">[3]</a>

<h2>RJR Projects and Operations</h2>

<ul>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Project_SCUM" title="Project SCUM">Project SCUM</a> (Marketing cigarettes to gay, immigrants, young and homeless people)</li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Project_Breakthrough" title="Project Breakthrough">Project Breakthrough</a>(Campaign to equate tobacco control efforts with Prohibition)</li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Project_DB" title="Project DB">Project DB</a> (Leveraging youth's psychological need for peer acceptance to target young males)</li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Project_BHM" title="Project BHM">Project BHM</a> (Black, Hispanic, Military)</li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Partisan_Project" title="Partisan Project">Partisan Project</a>(To create smokers rights groups throughout U.S.)</li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Social_Responsibility_Project" title="R.J. Reynolds Social Responsibility Project">R.J. Reynolds Social Responsibility Project</a> (Circa 1984, sought to make smoking more socially acceptable)</li>

</ul>

<h2>Additional RJR documents</h2>

<h3>Letter to 5th grade class, 1972</h3>

A 1972 letter from <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=T.K.Cahill" title="T. K. Cahill">T. K. Cahill</a> of R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company's public relations department was apparently written in response to a 5th grade elementary school class in Santa Monica, California, who wrote the company to protest a Winston cigarette advertisement that appeared in the Los Angeles Times. In the letter, Cahill assures the children that cigarette advertising is not directed at youth, but also tells them that "medical science has not found any conclusive evidence that an element in tobacco or tobacco smoke causes any human disease." (The first major Surgeon General's report definitively linking cigarette smoking with disease was issued in 1964, eight years before this letter was written). Then, in a classic example of the industry's use of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Council_for_Tobacco_Research" title="Council for Tobacco Research">Council for Tobacco Research</a> for public relations purposes, Cahill tells the children that,

... in a sincere attempt to determine what harmful effects, if any, smoking might have on human health, established The Council for Tobacco Research ... The answers to the many unanswered smoking and health questions -- and the true causes of human diseases -- can, we believe, be determined by scientific research. Our Company intends, therefore, to continue to support such research until the truth is known."<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_note-12" title="">[13]</a>

</blockquote>

<h3>Secondhand smoke strategy paper, 1994</h3>

A 1994 strategy paper from R.J. Reynolds (RJR) reveals the cigarette maker harbored a combative attitude towards public efforts to address problems posed by <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Secondhand_smoke" title="Secondhand smoke">secondhand smoke</a>. RJR says, "Federal agencies, Congress and state and local governments are pursuing increasingly aggressive regulatory measures to limit exposure to second-hand smoke, citing an alleged risk or hazard to the non-smoking public ... The stakes for RJRT and the industry have never been higher. We need to act immediately ... And we need to join the battle or engage the enemy on as many fronts as possible."

The plan lists strategies for fighting public health efforts on the secondhand smoke issue, including convincing the public that "there is a controversy, case is not closed," that "your lifestyle could be next," and substituting the term "prohibition" for "smoking ban" in all communications; convening "a high-level think tank of philosophers, professors, scientific ethicists, sociologists, historians, economists, psychologists ... to provide new ideas on the issue;" recruiting minority groups, hospitality associations, labor unions, libertarian groups and labor unions as tobacco industry allies on the secondhand smoke issue.

A handwritten notation on the document's second page poses the question, "Do we have sufficient information to prove that smoker segregation is sufficient to eliminate NS [nonsmoker] risk--perceived or otherwise?" This reveals that RJR planned to advocate mere segregation of smokers in enclosed spaces without fully knowing whether such action really provides adequate health protection to nonsmokers.

RJR also proposes using joke books, cartoons, tabloids and country/rap songs as vehicles to disseminate the company's messages about secondhand smoke.

The cigarette maker further planned to put on its own "science and policy forum" about secondhand smoke to highlight "improper use of science" and "call for responsible use of science in formulating policy." RJR proposed that the forum "could be held in Washington, D.C. and sponsored by an institute or reputable think tank," to lend prestige and obscure tobacco industry involvement in the event. In formulating plans for the forum, RJR cites what it believes to be misguided previous public health issues:

"An overview of examples of where issues were driven by flawed science...such as... pesticides, asbestos, ozone depletion, acid rain and resource depletion."<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_note-13" title="">[14]</a>

<h2>Personnel</h2>

<ul>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Susan_M._Ivey" title="Susan M. Ivey">Susan M. Ivey</a>, Chairman</li>

<li>Daniel M. Delen, President and Chief Executive Officer</li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Walt_Carpenter" title="Walt Carpenter">Walton T. (Walt) Carpenter</a>, Senior Vice President – Strategy and Planning</li>

<li>Michael (Mike) Flaherty, Vice President – Integrated Business Management</li>

<li>Jeffery S. Gentry, Executive Vice President - Research and Development</li>

<li>Andrew D. Gilchrist, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer</li>

<li>Martin L. ("Mark") Holton III, Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary</li>

<li>Ann A. Johnston, Executive Vice President - Human Resources</li>

<li>Donald I. Lamonds, Executive Vice President and Chief Information Officer</li>

<li>Gavin D. Little, Executive Vice President - Consumer and Trade Marketing</li>

<li>Daniel D. Snyder, Executive Vice President - Operations</li>

</ul>

<h2>Contact Details</h2>

Consumer Relations Department

P. O. Box 2959

Winston-Salem, NC 27102

Web: <a href="http://www.rjrt.com/home.asp" class="external free" title="http://www.rjrt.com/home.asp" rel="nofollow">http://www.rjrt.com/home.asp</a>

<h2>SourceWatch Resources</h2>

<ul>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Smith_W._Bagley" title="Smith W. Bagley" class="mw-redirect">Smith W. Bagley</a> - heir</li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=C._Boyden_Gray" title="C. Boyden Gray">C. Boyden Gray</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Front_groups" title="Front groups">Front groups</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=James_Alexander_Gray" title="James Alexander Gray">James Alexander Gray</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Lyons_Gray" title="Lyons Gray">Lyons Gray</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Non-Smoker_Protection_Committee" title="Non-Smoker Protection Committee">Non-Smoker Protection Committee</a></li>

<li>R.J. Reynoods' <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Project_Breakthrough" title="Project Breakthrough">Project Breakthrough</a></li>

<li>R.J. Reynolds' <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Project_SCUM" title="Project SCUM">Project SCUM</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Robert_Davis_McCallum,_Jr." title="Robert Davis McCallum, Jr.">Robert Davis McCallum, Jr.</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Smoke_Less_Ohio" title="Smoke Less Ohio">Smoke Less Ohio</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Tobacco_industry_front_groups" title="Tobacco industry front groups">Tobacco industry front groups</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Charles_River" title="Charles River">Charles River</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=The_Works:_Project_PR" title="The Works: Project PR">The Works: Project PR</a></li>

</ul>

<h2>External links</h2>

<ul>

<li><a href="http://www.projectscum.org/site/home.asp?mode=1" class="external text" title="http://www.projectscum.org/site/home.asp?mode=1" rel="nofollow">Truth Campaign Project Scum Website</a></li>

<li>Laura Wides-Munoz, "<a href="http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20051118/ap_on_he_me/hispanic_smoking;ylt=AiPZ83nRaB.Cbizb8K5iVfOs0NUE;ylu=X3oDMTA3czJjNGZoBHNlYwM3" class="external text" title="http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20051118/ap_on_he_me/hispanic_smoking;ylt=AiPZ83nRaB.Cbizb8K5iVfOs0NUE;ylu=X3oDMTA3czJjNGZoBHNlYwM3" rel="nofollow">Activists: Tobacco Targets Hispanic Kids</a>," Associated Press, November 17, 2005.</li>

<li>Harlan Spector, "<a href="http://www.cleveland.com/news/plaindealer/index.ssf?/base/news/1146300099124790.xml&coll=2" class="external text" title="http://www.cleveland.com/news/plaindealer/index.ssf?/base/news/1146300099124790.xml&coll=2" rel="nofollow">Reynolds supports your right to puff: Company seeks smoking amendment</a>", The Plain Dealer, April 29, 2006.</li>

<li>Steve Hartsoe, "<a href="http://www.detnews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060728/BIZ/607280378/1040/LIFESTYLE03" class="external text" title="http://www.detnews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060728/BIZ/607280378/1040/LIFESTYLE03" rel="nofollow">Firm tries to snuff out smoking bans:</a> Cigarette maker Reynolds American plans to spend $40 million to fight anti-tobacco measures on Nov. ballots", The Detroit News, July 28, 2006.</li>

<li>"<a href="http://www.journalnow.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=WSJ%2FMGArticle%2FWSJ_BasicArticle&c=MGArticle&cid=1149190691826&path=%21business&s=1037645507703" class="external text" title="http://www.journalnow.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=WSJ%2FMGArticle%2FWSJ_BasicArticle&c=MGArticle&cid=1149190691826&path=!business&s=1037645507703" rel="nofollow">RJR gave $10 million to help fight California tax</a>", Winston Salem Journal, September 19, 2006.</li>

<li>Matt Comer, "<a href="http://www.q-notes.com/2009/03/21/stamp-of-approval" class="external text" title="http://www.q-notes.com/2009/03/21/stamp-of-approval" rel="nofollow">Stamp of Approval: Gay researcher questions Human Rights Campaign’s perfect rating of Reynolds Tobacco Co.</a>", Q-Notes (Charlotte, NC), March 21, 2009.</li>

</ul>

<h2>References</h2>

<li id="cite_note-0"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_ref-0" title="">↑</a> Horrigan EA Jr., Wilson JT, R.J. Reynolds<a href="http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/azw25d00" class="external text" title="http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/azw25d00" rel="nofollow">A Perspective on the Mission and Strategic Direction of R.J. Reynolds Industries, Inc. and a summary of the Corporate Plan for 1985 (850000) through 1987 (870000). Summary of Corporate Plan Presentation by J. Tylee Wilson and Edward A. Horrigan, Jr. January17, 1985 (850117)</a> Bates No. 505169187/9200</li>

<li id="cite_note-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_ref-1" title="">↑</a> Merchants of Debt, George Anders,Basic Books, 1992, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Special:BookSources/0465045235" class="internal">ISBN 0465045235</a></li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_ref-2" title="">↑</a> Merchants of Debt, George Anders,Basic Books, 1992, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Special:BookSources/0465045235" class="internal">ISBN 0465045235</a></li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_ref-3" title="">↑</a> Merchants of Debt, George Anders,Basic Books, 1992, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Special:BookSources/0465045235" class="internal">ISBN 0465045235</a></li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_ref-4" title="">↑</a> Burrough B, Helyar J. Barbarians at the Gate: The fall of RJR Nabisco, 1990</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_ref-5" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/cmt30d00" class="external text" title="http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/cmt30d00" rel="nofollow">RJR History: Hallmarks of Company Heritage</a> Report. April, 1999. R.J. Reynolds Bates No. 522914917/4924</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_ref-6" title="">↑</a> Nordine RC, McKee MK, Fackelman E, Osmon H. R.J. Reynolds <a href="http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/ayf85d00" class="external text" title="http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/ayf85d00" rel="nofollow">Consumer Research Proposal. Social Responsibility Creative Exploratory Focus Groups</a> Marketing proposal. August 30, 1983. Bates No. 503760666/0667</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_ref-7" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.rjrt.com/history.aspx" class="external text" title="http://www.rjrt.com/history.aspx" rel="nofollow">History</a>, "Reynolds America"</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_ref-8" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.editorandpublisher.com/eandp/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003678408" class="external text" title="http://www.editorandpublisher.com/eandp/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003678408" rel="nofollow">R.J. Reynolds To Stop Print Ads Next Year</a>, Editor and Publisher (online), November 28, 2007</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_ref-9" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.opensecrets.org/lobbyists/clientsum.asp?txtname=Reynolds+American&year=2006" class="external text" title="http://www.opensecrets.org/lobbyists/clientsum.asp?txtname=Reynolds+American&year=2006" rel="nofollow">Reynolds American lobbying expenses</a>, Open Secrets.</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_ref-10" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.opensecrets.org/orgs/all_summary.php?id=D000000092&nid=2218" class="external text" title="http://www.opensecrets.org/orgs/all_summary.php?id=D000000092&nid=2218" rel="nofollow">Reynolds America Summary</a>, "Open Secrets"</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_ref-11" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.opensecrets.org/pacs/lookup2.asp?strID=C00042002&cycle=2006" class="external text" title="http://www.opensecrets.org/pacs/lookup2.asp?strID=C00042002&cycle=2006" rel="nofollow">2006 PAC Summary Data</a>, Open Secrets, accessed July 2007.</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_ref-12" title="">↑</a> T.K. Cahill, R.J. Reynolds Public Relations Department <a href="http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/htq69d00" class="external text" title="http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/htq69d00" rel="nofollow">The letters you and other members of your class wrote to various officials of our Company regarding a WINSTON ad you saw in the Los Angeles Times have come to this department for reply.</a> Letter. 1 page. April 7, 1972. Bates No. 500671015</li>

<li id="cite_note-13"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_ref-13" title="">↑</a> R.J. Reynolds <a href="http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/kzf43d00" class="external text" title="http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/kzf43d00" rel="nofollow">Secondhand-Smoke Plan</a> Report. April 6, 1994. 4 pages. Bates No. 512046746/6749</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=R.J._Reynolds_Tobacco_Company#cite_ref-14" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.rjrt.com/company/profileMgmt.asp" class="external text" title="http://www.rjrt.com/company/profileMgmt.asp" rel="nofollow">Management</a>, accessed July 2007.</li>

</ol>

This article may include <a href="http://tobaccodocuments.org/profiles/people/rjr.html" class="external text" title="http://tobaccodocuments.org/profiles/people/rjr.html" rel="nofollow">information from Tobacco Documents Online</a>.

===

Womble, Carlyle, Sandridge & Rice (Law firm)

In January 2008, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Blackwater" title="Blackwater" class="mw-redirect">Blackwater</a> hired Womble, Carlyle, Sandridge & Rice, "as its D.C. representative for contracting and acquisition issues," reported O'Dwyer's PR Daily. The firm will serve as the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Private_military_company" title="Private military company" class="mw-redirect">private military company</a>'s "D.C. representative for contracting and acquisition issues." Firm lobbyists on the Blackwater account include Jimmy Broughton, who was former Senator <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Jesse_Helms" title="Jesse Helms">Jesse Helms</a>'s chief of staff; Mark Harkins, who worked for Representative <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Brad_Miller" title="Brad Miller">Brad Miller</a>; and Kevin Jones, who served as a legislative assistant to former Treasury Secretary <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Lloyd_Bentsen" title="Lloyd Bentsen">Lloyd Bentsen</a>.. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Womble,Carlyle,Sandridge_%26_Rice#cite_note-0" title="">[1]</a>

<h2>Contents</h2>

[<a href="javascript:toggleToc()" class="internal" id="togglelink">hide</a>]</div>

<ul>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Womble,Carlyle,Sandridge_%26_Rice#SourceWatch_resources">1 SourceWatch resources</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Womble,Carlyle,Sandridge_%26_Rice#External_links">2 External links</a>

<ul>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Womble,Carlyle,Sandridge_%26_Rice#References">2.1 References</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Womble,Carlyle,Sandridge_%26_Rice#Articles">2.2 Articles</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

</ul>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<h2>SourceWatch resources</h2>

<ul>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Blackwater_USA" title="Blackwater USA" class="mw-redirect">Blackwater USA</a></li>

</ul>

<h2>External links</h2>

<h3>References</h3>

<li id="cite_note-0"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Womble,Carlyle,Sandridge_%26_Rice#cite_ref-0" title="">↑</a> "<a href="http://www.odwyerpr.com/members/0121blackwater.html" class="external text" title="http://www.odwyerpr.com/members/0121blackwater.html" rel="nofollow">Blackwater Bolsters Lobby Team</a>," O'Dwyer's PR Daily (sub req'd), January 21, 2008.</li>

</ol>

</div>

RJ Reynolds

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