Ranching/ beef

===

promoted to primary 3/15

significant GHG, water contam, evil PR firms

SLAPP  Kochs major CAFO

Includes pork, see also Tyson and poultry, see also dairy

note that beef production uses huge amount of fresh water, uses a great deal of public land, pollutes surface water with nitrates that lead to dead zones in ocean, and cow produce large quantity of methane, GHG 22x CO2

also connects to animal rights Oprah SLAPP suit

aha: consolidation eg ibp tyson smithfield<div></div><div><h1 class="widgetheadline h1" style="margin: 10px 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; cursor: pointer; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 22px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a class="widgetheadline-text custom-post-headline" href="https://www.ecowatch.com/antibiotics-in-burgers-annual-report-card-2613062028.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 31px;">Antibiotics in Burgers: Majority of U.S. Fast Food Chains Fail Annual Report Card</a></h1><div class="body js-expandable clearfix js-listicle-body js-update-url" data-elid="2613062028" data-authors="Natural Resources Defense Council" data-headline="Antibiotics in Burgers: Majority of U.S. Fast Food Chains Fail Annual Report Card" style="margin: 10px; line-height: 24px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="body-description"><div class="widgetbrief">By Lena BrookLess than two weeks ago, JBS USA, <a href="https://www.provisioneronline.com/2017-top-100-meat-and-poultry-processors" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; overflow-wrap: break-word;">one of our country's largest</a> meat processors, announced a high-risk <a href="https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/recalls-and-public-health-alerts/recall-case-archive/archive/2018/recall-085-2018-release" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; overflow-wrap: break-word;">recall</a>of nearly 7 million pounds of its raw beef, over concerns it may be contaminated with Salmonella Newport. Nearly 60 patients in 16 states have so far been made sick. This recent outbreak of infections tied to contaminated ground beef is especially worrisome because S. Newport is a strain of Salmonella that has often been resistant to antibiotics. It may also be the <a href="https://www.foodsafetynews.com/2018/10/treating-virulent-strain-of-salmonella-as-adulterant-in-largest-beef-recall-in-history/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; overflow-wrap: break-word;">largest beef recall</a> in history for Salmonella.</div><div class="js-appear-on-expand" style="transition: all 350ms ease 0s; height: 0px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0;" /><div class="widgetshow-more with-primary-color js-keep-reading js-page-view-and-reload-embeds" style="cursor: pointer; border-radius: 15px; float: left; padding: 7px; font-weight: 600; background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240);">Keep reading...</div></div></div></div><div>
</div>ew<div>
</div><div><h1 class="widgetheadline h1" style="margin: 10px 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; cursor: pointer; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 22px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a class="widgetheadline-text custom-post-headline" href="https://www.ecowatch.com/animal-abuse-worlds-largest-meat-company-2604025784.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; word-break: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; line-height: 31px;">Investigation Exposes Animal Abuse at U.S. Supplier to World's Largest Meat Company</a></h1><div class="body js-expandable clearfix js-listicle-body js-update-url" data-elid="2604025784" data-authors="Truthout" data-headline="Investigation Exposes Animal Abuse at U.S. Supplier to World's Largest Meat Company" style="margin: 10px; line-height: 24px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="body-description"><div class="widgetbrief">By Reynard Loki 9/18Warning: This article contains graphic descriptions and images of animal abuse.In September of last year, two executives of JBS, the <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/brazils-jbs-says-legal-issues-may-delay-ipo-of-international-unit-1494953638" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; overflow-wrap: break-word;">world's largest meat producer</a>, based in Brazil, were arrested and <a href="http://fortune.com/2017/09/14/jbs-batista-brazil-temer-corruption-insider-trading/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; overflow-wrap: break-word;">charged with insider trading</a>. In May 2017, the billionaire siblings—Wesley Batista, JBS's CEO, and his younger brother Joesley, the firm's former chairman—admitted to bribing more than 1,800 politicians and government officials, including meat inspectors, in an effort to avoid food safety checks....</div></div></div></div><div>=</div>=<a href="http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2016/12/trump-usda-klippenstein-heitkamp/">http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2016/12/trump-usda-klippenstein-heitkamp/</a>...Choosing a centrist Democrat like Heitkamp would be quite a departure from earlier versions of Trump’s USDA short list, which <a href="http://www.agriculture.com/news/business/who-is-on-trumps-short-list-for-secretary-of-ag" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">included</a> wild cards like Texas Agriculture Commissioner <a href="http://www.motherjones.com/environment/2016/08/meet-other-colorful-character-advising-donald-trump-ag-policy" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">Sid Miller</a>, who <a href="http://kut.org/post/sid-miller-defends-fake-news-his-facebook-page-im-not-news-source-updated" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">unapologetically shares fake news stories on his office’s Facebook page</a> and once <a href="http://www.houstonchronicle.com/news/houston-texas/houston/article/Oklahoma-lawmakers-deny-inviting-Sid-Miller-on-6920385.php" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">tried to bill taxpayers for a trip to take a medical procedure called a Jesus shot</a>. <a href="http://www.motherjones.com/environment/2016/08/trumps-ag-czar-running-MLM" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">Charles Herbster</a> has also appeared as a prime candidate for USDA chief—he’s a man who currently runs a a <a href="http://www.mlmlegal.com/profiles/mlm-profiles-conklin.htm" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">multilevel marketing operation </a>(a highly controversial business model that relies on <a href="https://www.conklin.com/finddistributor.cfm?enroll=true&CFID=4531255&CFTOKEN=d6df17d5f713dc07-65001AC6-237D-E16E-6E0779FB340E73E4" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">a network of individual “distributors</a>” to sell products) and who <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/pacs/pacgave2.php?cmte=C00567560&cycle=2016" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">finances </a>and <a href="http://ouragfuture.com/leadership/" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">helps lead a</a> Big Ag federal super-PAC also funded by Monsanto, DuPont, Archer Daniels Midland, and other agribusiness giants.Indeed, a day before the Politico piece hailing Heitkamp as the likely pick, Trump veered in a quite different direction, <a href="https://www.greatagain.gov/news/president-elect-trump-announces-additional-agency-landing-team-members-7.html" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">announcing</a> a new member of the team overseeing the transition of the USDA: Brian Klippenstein, <a href="http://protecttheharvest.com/who-we-are/brian-klippenstein/" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">executive director</a> of a group called Protect the Harvest. The <a href="http://protecttheharvest.com/who-we-are/forrest-lucas/" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">brainchild of Forrest Lucas</a>—a right-wing oil magnate and cattle rancher who has himself emerged as a contender to serve as Trump’s secretary of the interior—Protect the Harvest seems to exist mainly to troll the <a href="http://protecttheharvest.com/hsus-exposed/" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">Humane Society of the United States</a>.On its <a href="http://protecttheharvest.com/animal-owners/" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">website</a>, Protect the Harvest warns that HSUS seeks to “put an end to animal ownership.” This is nonsense—the Humane Society is by no means coming for your furry friend. Its <a href="http://www.humanesociety.org/animals/?credit=ad_gg_search_eoy16_110116_footer_web_id93480558" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">website</a> features “tools you need to help the pets in your home and beyond.” I asked Paul Shapiro, vice president of policy at HSUS, whether his group opposes the keeping of pets. “That would certainly be news to the vast numbers of our staff who bring their dogs to work here,” he replied.Protect the Harvest’s real beef with HSUS appears to be that the group promotes legislation that curtails some of the harsher aspects of factory-scale animal farming. The two groups recently clashed over a <a href="http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2016/11/soda-tax-election-post" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">Massachusetts ballot measure</a> this fall to ban tight cages in egg and pork production. Lucas personally <a href="http://www.ocpf.us/Filers/Index?q=95440&section=Reports#filer-data" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">donated nearly $200,0000 to defeat the measure</a>, and Klippenstein <a href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2016/04/28/opponents-call-cage-free-egg-ballot-question-rotten/rsdN5P94IiN7Jx5mKw00XL/story.html" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">actively campaigned against it</a>. The measure <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Massachusetts_Minimum_Size_Requirements_for_Farm_Animal_Containment,Question_3(2016)" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">passed with overwhelming support on November 8</a>.<div id="InContent_Banner_2" data-adunit="InContent_Banner_2" data-size-mapping="InContent" class="dfw-unit display-none" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px auto 1em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Protect the Harvest’s zeal to fight regulation of animal farming <a href="http://protecttheharvest.com/2014/05/06/illinois-pet-breeders-pet-stores-focus-next-hsus-attack/" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">extends even</a> to “<a href="http://www.aspca.org/animal-cruelty/puppy-mills" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">puppy mills</a>“—large facilities that churn out dogs like factory farms churn out pigs. Back in 2010, the year before Protect the Harvest was founded, Lucas <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Missouri_Dog_Breeding_Regulation,Proposition_B(2010)" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">vigorously opposed</a> a Missouri ballot measure to “require large-scale dog breeding operations to provide each dog under their care with sufficient food, clean water, housing and space; necessary veterinary care; regular exercise and adequate rest between breeding cycles,” and to “prohibit any breeder from having more than 50 breeding dogs for the purpose of selling their puppies as pets.” In 2014, Protect the Harvest <a href="http://protecttheharvest.com/2014/05/06/illinois-pet-breeders-pet-stores-focus-next-hsus-attack/" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">opposed</a> an <a href="http://www.chicagonow.com/raining-cats-dogs/2014/05/illinois-aimes-to-ban-the-sale-of-puppy-mill-dogs-in-pet-stores/" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">Illinois bill banning the retail sale of puppy-mill dogs</a>.Klippenstein isn’t the only member of Trump’s USDA transition team. Recall that back in November, Trump <a href="http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2016/11/meet-soda-lobbyist-leading-trumps-food-policy-team" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">picked</a> a lobbyist whose clients include Little Ceasar’s Pizza, the soda and snack industries, and the Illinois Soybean Association to lead the agency’s transition. He soon abruptly <a href="http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2016/11/meet-soda-lobbyist-leading-trumps-food-policy-team" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">quit </a>after <a href="http://www.politico.com/story/2016/11/donald-trump-lobbying-ban-231534" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">Trump announced a ban on registered lobbyists</a> serving in the transition.But then, a few days later, Trump tapped Joel Leftwich, Republican staff director for the Senate Agriculture Committee, to help lead the USDA transition. Leftwich took the Senate job in 2015—after having spent the previous three years as the <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/revolving/rev_summary.php?id=78715" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">director of government affairs for Pepsi</a>. In 2010—just before another stint on the Senate ag committee staff—Leftwich had worked as a lobbyist for seed and chemical giant DuPont. In other words, Team Trump pushed out a current lobbyist for Big Soda and Big Ag—only to replace him with a guy who basically lives in the revolving door between government and agribusiness, and whose latest turn as a lobbyist ended way back in 2015.So basically, we’ve got a two-time industry lobbyist and an anti-animal-welfare zealot teaming up to choose the next USDA chief.What that means for the prospect of Heitkamp taking the USDA reins is unclear. She narrowly won her North Dakota Senate seat in 2012, and Trump <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/elections/results/north-dakota-president-clinton-trump" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">won the state</a> in 2016 with 63 percent of the vote. As a Democrat, she <a href="http://us.pressfrom.com/news/politics/-6391-democrats-face-tough-senate-map-in-2018/" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">faces a hard fight for reelection in 2018</a>, which may be why she agreed to meet with Trump on December 2, in what was <a href="http://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2016/12/02/sen-heidi-heikamp-meets-with-trump-amid-cabinet-speculation/" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">widely read as a job interview</a>. If she exits the Senate now, North Dakota would have to hold a special election to replace her, and the winner would almost certainly be a Republican. On Monday, Sen. Harry Reid (D-Nev,), the soon-to-retire former Democratic leader of the Senate, sought to throw water on the Heitkamp-to-USDA rumor, <a href="http://www.politico.com/story/2016/12/harry-reid-joe-manchin-heidi-heitkamp-predictions-232511" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; background-position: 0px 90%; background-image: url("");" wp-content="wp-content" themes="themes" motherjones="motherjones" css="css" img="img" orange-border.png="orange-border.png" background-repeat="background-repeat" repeat-x="repeat-x" text-shadow="text-shadow" rgb="rgb" px="px">telling CNN</a> that “I would doubt very seriously” that she’d agree to join the Trump administration. Whether he has knowledge of Heitkamp’s intentions, or is just hoping to keep a Senate seat in the party fold, is unclear. ... =<div style=""></div><div style="">
</div><div style=""><a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/pruitt-beef-video-2476221846.html">https://www.ecowatch.com/pruitt-beef-video-2476221846.html</a></div><div style="">
</div><div style=""><div class="headline-container" style="margin-top: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><h1 class="headline h1" style="margin: 10px; padding: 0px; position: relative; line-height: 31px;">Pruitt Appears in Big Beef Video Urging Farmers to Kill Clean Water Rule</h1></div><div id="utm_campaign" style="margin-top: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="article-body body js-expandable clearfix js-listicle-body js-update-url selectionShareable" data-url="https://www.ecowatch.com/pruitt-beef-video-2476221846.html" data-headline="Pruitt Appears in Big Beef Video Urging Farmers to Kill Clean Water Rule" data-elid="2476221846" style="margin: 10px; line-height: 24px;"><div class="article-description body-description" style="margin-bottom: 10px;">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (<a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/epa" style="text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;">EPA</a>) administrator <a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/scott-pruitt" style="text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;">Scott Pruitt</a> appears in a video sponsored by the beef industry calling on farmers and ranchers to file official comments on a proposal to withdraw and rewrite the Obama-era "<a href="https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2015/06/29/2015-13435/clean-water-rule-definition-of-waters-of-the-united-states" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;">Waters of the United States</a>" rule (or WOTUS) before the Aug. 28 deadline.The National Cattlemen's Beef Association (NCBA) video was produced by the beef lobbying organization's policy division, Beltway Beef and was <a href="http://agwired.com/2017/08/17/ncba-encourages-comments-on-wotus/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;">released</a> last week. Notably, NCBA spent $117,375 in <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/lobby/clientsum.php?id=D000000252" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;">lobbying</a> last year."When comments are made a part of a record—as rule-making—we have an obligation to review them," Pruitt says. "It helps inform our decision-making process; it helps us make better decisions. And so we want farmers and ranchers across this country to provide comments."The video, filmed in Colorado during Pruitt's cross-country State Action Tour, directs viewers to a <a href="http://www.beefusa.org/newsreleases1.aspx?newsid=6381" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;">BeefUSA.org</a>link to submit comments on the proposed repeal. The site includes sample text to submit to the Federal Register."We're trying to fix the challenges from the 2015 rule," Pruitt says in the NCBA clip, "where the Obama Administration re-imagined their authority under the Clean Water Act and defined a Water of the United States as being a puddle, a dry creek bed, and ephemeral drainage ditches across this country, which created great uncertainty ... and we are fixing that, and then we're hearing from stakeholders about how to get it right as we go forward." [CF PAC LEG BS]But law experts told <a href="https://www.eenews.net/stories/1060058985" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;">E&E News</a> that Pruitt's interpretation of the 2015 rule—which extends Clean Water Act protections to streams, wetlands and any water body that shares a "significant nexus" with clearly navigable waters—as "misleading" and "inappropriate."For one, WOTUS specifically states that puddles are not considered waters of the U.S. E&E News also pointed out that the rule also excludes dry creek beds that do not have a bed, bank and high-water mark and ephemeral ditches that "flow only after precipitation."Incidentally, as Oklahoma's former attorney general, Pruitt had <a href="http://www.tulsatoday.com/2015/07/09/ok-ag-scott-pruitt-sues-epa-over-wotus-overreach/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;">sued</a> the EPA over WOTUS, alleging that it amounted to executive overreach and a regulatory burden.Environmental groups worry that nixing the Obama rule puts the country's waterways at risk. <a href="http://waterkeeper.org/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;">Waterkeeper Alliance</a> warned in June: "Adopting a narrow definition of 'waters of the United States' (WOTUS) long sought by industry [will] allow uncontrolled pollution and destruction of our nation's rivers, streams, lakes and wetlands."The EPA has since issued a response to its administrator's video appearance."As administrator Pruitt says in the video, receiving public comments from across the country helps EPA make informed decisions on proposed rules," an EPA spokeswoman said. "Just like the administrator's countless other interviews, there was no script and no cost to EPA to accommodate the National Cattlemen's Beef Association's request for a brief interview regarding EPA's State Action Tour and WOTUS."...</div></div></div><div style="">=</div>Gregg Doud, who was <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/06/16/president-donald-j-trump-announces-key-additions-his-administration" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; overflow-wrap: break-word;">nominated </a>for the top agricultural trade position by President Trump last month, <a href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3902830-Doud-Paper.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; overflow-wrap: break-word;">authored a paper</a> in 2013 arguing that the U.S. should "absolutely" walk away from trade talks with the EU if it refused to drop restrictions on U.S. meat imports.Doud previously spent eight years working for the National Cattlemen's Beef Association (NCBA)—a powerful lobby group that has identified Brexit as an opportunity to lift UK restrictions on the import of beef reared with substances that increase animal growth rate—such as hormones and <a href="http://newsroom.unl.edu/announce/beef/2563/14863" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; overflow-wrap: break-word;">beta agonists</a>.Energydesk can further reveal that Trump's nominee for the new role of undersecretary of trade at the U.S. department of agriculture, Ted McKinney, is a former director at Elanco Animal Health—a major manufacturer of growth hormones and beta agonists.During last week's visit to Washington, Fox downplayed the significance of U.S. meat exports to any future trade deal between the UK and U.S.But some U.S. trade experts believe that getting rid of barriers preventing the export of U.S. beef, pork and chicken will be a red line for the U.S. in any negotiations.Speaking to Energydesk, Daniel Pearson, a senior fellow in trade policy studies at the Cato Institute in Washington, said that a post-Brexit deal will not happen if the UK is not willing to drop restrictions:"The agriculture community here can prevent a UK-U.S. agreement from happening and probably would unless there's some significant progress on those issues. I can't see the Farm Bureau and the commodity organizations being willing to say yes, let's do a deal with the UK under the same terms that we have with the European Union."...=<a href="http://www.alternet.org/personal-health/dont-worry-about-new-alabama-mad-cow-says-cdc-facts-suggest-otherwise">http://www.alternet.org/personal-health/dont-worry-about-new-alabama-mad-cow-says-cdc-facts-suggest-otherwise</a>Don't worry, eat your hamburger. That's what the CDC is saying as another "mad cow" <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=https://www.livescience.com/34717-creutzfeldt-jakob-disease.html&source=gmail&ust=1501019202042000&usg=AFQjCNGUQfHaqC1diy71FLQSE4cbMycdKw" href="https://www.livescience.com/34717-creutzfeldt-jakob-disease.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none;">was found </a>in Alabama in July. The cow suffered from an "atypical" version of Mad Cow (BSE), says the CDC, which occurs spontaneously and cannot harm humans. Sounds good until you read that the atypical assertion is merely a CDC "theory" and the agency <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=https://www.cdc.gov/prions/bse/strains.html&source=gmail&ust=1501019202042000&usg=AFQjCNEHHQbzARHQksB_RCBiTqguykmjIw" href="https://www.cdc.gov/prions/bse/strains.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none;">admits</a> "transmission through feed or the environment cannot be ruled out."There is a reason government officials are quick to defend the safety of the U.S. beef supply. Within hours of the<a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://www.alternet.org/food/us-beef-exports-china-will-resume-who-remembers-why-they-stopped&source=gmail&ust=1501019202042000&usg=AFQjCNHgdTIOKOf7HqrqfOqq1WlgDnto8w" href="http://www.alternet.org/food/us-beef-exports-china-will-resume-who-remembers-why-they-stopped" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none;"> first mad cow</a> discovered in the U.S. in 2003, China, Mexico, Russia, Brazil, South Africa, Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore, Taiwan, Malaysia, South Korea and 90 other countries banned U.S. beef. Ninety-eight percent of the $3 billion overseas beef market vanished. It has taken 14 years for the U.S. to re-establish its beef exports and other <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://www.irishtimes.com/business/agribusiness-and-food/eu-china-beef-trade-could-reopen-this-year-1.2614911&source=gmail&ust=1501019202042000&usg=AFQjCNGEAj1uNjjj7tOr6iswOk6gAGTX0w" href="http://www.irishtimes.com/business/agribusiness-and-food/eu-china-beef-trade-could-reopen-this-year-1.2614911" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none;">beef-exporting countries</a> have had similar woes. If an atypical version of BSE that threatened no one didn't exist, governments might want to invent one. In fact, the research behind the atypical theory is primarily floated by <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17442800&source=gmail&ust=1501019202042000&usg=AFQjCNH59n37tNPSMz1O7tZtfz2Ns-Fr0A" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17442800" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none;">government</a> ag <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term%3DAtypical%2BBovine%2BSpongiform%2BEncephalopathies%252C%2BFrance%252C%2B2001%25E2%2580%25932007&source=gmail&ust=1501019202042000&usg=AFQjCNFWnPRClfHhTyQvKricQV4iKYvlgw" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Atypical+Bovine+Spongiform+Encephalopathies%2C+France%2C+2001%E2%80%932007" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none;">departments</a>.In addition to losing exports, before atypical BSE was described, beef producers were forced to quarantine their ranches, search for tainted food sources and detain herdmates and offspring in a BSE outbreak. They lost huge amounts of money. The debut of atypical BSE means they can just say "these things happen," and keep doing business.Mainstream media sources are cooperatively repeating the government statement that, "the Alabama cow was not slaughtered, never entered the food supply and presents no risk to human health in the United States or anywhere else." But food reporters who have covered BSE since 2003 remember that the same thing was said about the first U.S. BSE cow until both the San Francisco Chronicle and the LA Times <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://www.alternet.org/food/deadly-disease-meat-health-officials-are-ignoring&source=gmail&ust=1501019202042000&usg=AFQjCNFjjB3_vCUDMRZLV-TpAmo4NxfKFg" href="http://www.alternet.org/food/deadly-disease-meat-health-officials-are-ignoring" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none;">reported</a> otherwise....<div style="">=</div><div style="">http://www.ecowatch.com/epa-factory-farm-report-pollution-2355997089.html</div><div style="">
</div><div style=""><div class="headline-container" style="margin: 0px; padding: 10px 12px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="headline" style="position: relative; line-height: 22px;">Court Orders EPA to Close Loophole, Factory Farms Required to Report Toxic Pollution</div></div><span class="js-scroll-trigger" data-target="body" data-triggers="render-rebelbar" data-toggle-class="with-floating-shares" data-loaded="true" style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div id="utm_campaign" style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="article-body js-expandable sm-mb-2 md-mb-4 js-update-url selectionShareable" data-url="http://www.ecowatch.com/epa-factory-farm-report-pollution-2355997089.html" data-headline="Court Orders EPA to Close Loophole, Factory Farms Required to Report Toxic Pollution" data-elid="2355997089" style="margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px 12px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="article-description" style="margin-bottom: 20px;">The DC Circuit Court ordered the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Tuesday to close a loophole that has allowed hazardous substances released into the environment by concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) to go unreported."We applaud the DC Circuit Court's clear decision to enforce this vital environmental safeguard to protect public safety," said <a href="http://earthjustice.org/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;">Earthjustice</a> attorney Jonathan Smith, who helped argue the case before the court....</div></div></div><div style=""></div><h3 class="yiv8531466701null" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1487954931301_9072" style="padding-inline-start: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 22.5px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a rel="nofollow" target="blank" href="http://ecowatch.us7.list-manage.com/track/click?u=214ab5fbb3f6015d74ffab4ec&id=9969641acb&e=c2e8fdabfa" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1487954931301_9071" style="-webkit-padding-start: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; background: transparent; outline: none; word-wrap: break-word;">Germany Bans Meat at Official Functions to 'Set a Good Example for Climate Protection'</a></h3> Eating less meat is essential to curbing climate change, which is why ... <a rel="nofollow" target="blank" href="http://ecowatch.us7.list-manage.com/track/click?u=214ab5fbb3f6015d74ffab4ec&id=6f308439bf&e=c2e8fdabfa" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1487954931301_9069" style="-webkit-padding-start: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; background: transparent; outline: none; word-wrap: break-word; font-weight: bold;">READ MORE</a>The country's last wild bison are in the crosshairs of MCA 81-2-120, a state law that puts the Montana Department of Livestock in charge of the migratory species."The unfounded threats and discredited fears of brucellosis do not justify Montana Department of Livestock management of Montana's one and only wild buffalo population," said <a href="http://www.buffalofieldcampaign.org/" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word;">Buffalo Field Campaign</a> media coordinator Stephany Seay.http://www.ecowatch.com/yellowstone-slaughter-bison-2252475573.html<div style="">=</div><div style=""><div>U.S.</div><div>FEB 18, 11:44 AM EST</div><div>
</div><div>
</div><div>BUSINESS</div><div>
</div><div>Food Labeling Laws Could Be Undermined By First Amendment Court Challenge</div><div>
</div><div>BY CONNOR ADAMS SHEETS @CONNORASHEETS ON 05/20/14 AT 12:24 PM</div><div>
</div><div> </div><div>The meat processing industry’s drive to overturn revised country-of-origin labeling (COOL) laws continued Monday, when the full U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit considered the industry’s argument that the regulations violate free speech laws.</div><div>
</div><div>If the court sides with the meat industry, the fallout could have far-reaching consequences, as it would potentially undermine a wide range of labeling laws, particularly COOL regulations, which require companies to disclose where their products and ingredients are produced and manufactured through the display of packaging labels. Most American consumers are familiar with common COOL labels like "Made in China" or "product of the United States" from everything from sneakers to frozen hamburger patties, even if they are not aware of how exactly they are regulated.</div><div>
</div><div>The meat industry made its case during Monday’s en banc review -- an uncommon type of proceeding conducted before all 11 judges on the court rather than the typical three-judge panel -- that the COOL laws as revised in 2013 infringe on companies’ First Amendment rights by compelling speech.</div><div>
</div><div>
</div><div>An upcoming court decision could undermine a whole host of food labeling laws that serve to inform consumers about the origins of what they eat. </div><div>
</div><div>Chief Judge Merrick Garland said that in order to decide that First Amendment rights were being violated under the regulations, the court would “have to strike down at least half a dozen statutes on the books since the 1930s,” according to Politico. He also pointed out that many products far beyond the scope of the meat industry, including the razor he shaved with Monday morning, are required to display COOL labels, Politico reported.</div><div>
</div><div>As such, a decision by the court that the COOL labels infringe on companies’ free speech rights could mean changes for industries that rest far beyond the food realm.</div><div>
</div><div>A three-judge panel of the court handed down a decision on March 28 suggesting that the en banc hearing on just the First Amendment issues be held at a future date, but otherwise affirming a district court’s decision not to allow a preliminary injunction against the 2013 COOL laws. The case is known as American Meat Institute vs. U.S. Department of Agriculture.</div><div>
</div><div>“We suggest that the full court hear this case en banc to resolve for the circuit whether, under Zauderer, government interests in addition to correcting deception can sustain a commercial speech mandate that compels firms to disclose purely factual and non-controversial information,” the three-judge panel wrote in the March 28 decision.</div><div>
</div><div>The National Farmers Union and other American farmers’ and food production industry groups like the U.S. Cattlemen’s Association and the Consumer Federation of America continue to support the laws, which provide clarity about food origins.</div><div>
</div><div>“The information required by the regulation to be provided is factual and noncontroversial,” NFU President Roger Johnson said, according to the Ohio’s Country Journal agricultural publication. “I am hopeful that the full Circuit will affirm the panel’s prior decision and continue to deny the preliminary injunction requested by appellants.”</div><div>
</div><div>But the American Meat Institute has consistently argued that the laws will have serious negative impacts on the meat industry.</div><div>
</div><div>Related Stories</div><div>Vermont Becomes First State To Mandate GMO Labeling</div><div>Pro-GMO Bill Could Repeal Rules To Label GMOs In Food</div><div>
</div><div>“It is incomprehensible that USDA would finalize a controversial rule that stands to harm American agriculture, when comments on the proposal made clear how deeply and negatively it will impact U.S. meat companies and livestock producers,” AMI Senior Vice President of Regulatory Affairs and General Counsel Mark Dopp said last year. “This rubber stamping of the proposal begs the question of the integrity of the process:  many people spoke, but no one at USDA listened.”</div><div>
</div><div>Food labeling is a major issue in food and agriculture circles, as food safety advocates and right-to-know groups have gone head-to-head with food manufacturers and industry groups over whether foods containing GMOs should be labeled, as well as what exactly labels like “natural” or “organic” should really mean.</div><div>
</div><div>The GMO labeling debate has made headlines in recent months, particularly in Vermont, where Gov. Peter Shumlin signed the nation’s first unconditional mandatory GMO labeling bill into law on May 8.</div><div>
</div><div>The Vermont law is the first in the nation to require a state to begin labeling foods that contain genetically modified ingredients no matter how other states' lawmakers decide to address the issue. Connecticut and Maine had already passed GMO labeling laws, but the launch of their labeling regimes does not begin unless other states pass similar bills.</div></div><div style="">=</div>http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association<div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="direction: ltr;">The National Cattlemen's Beef Association (NCBA) is the main <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Trade_association" title="Trade association" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">trade association</a> and <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Lobbying" title="Lobbying" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">lobbying</a> group for the U.S. cattle industry. It lobbies, channels political contributions, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Advertising" title="Advertising" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">advertises</a>, and engages in <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Public_relations" title="Public relations" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">public relations</a> on behalf of its members. According to the NCBA, its mission is to "increase profit opportunities for cattle and beef producers by enhancing the business climate and building consumer demand." <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-1" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[1]</a> Members include ranchers as well as auctions, dairy operators, foodservice operators, packers, processors, and retailers.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-2" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[2]</a>
<div id="toc" class="toc" style="background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 7px; display: table; zoom: 1;"><div id="toctitle" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;"><h2 style="background: none; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border: none; display: inline; line-height: 1.3;">Contents</h2>  [<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#" id="togglelink" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">hide</a>] </div><ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#NCBA.26_factory_farming" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">1 NCBA & factory farming</a><ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#Hormones" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">1.1 Hormones</a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#NCBA.26_mad_cow_disease" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">2 NCBA & mad cow disease</a><ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#Oprah_Winfrey_law_suit" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">2.1 Oprah Winfrey law suit</a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#Ad_boycott_against_Air_America_Radio" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">3 Ad boycott against Air America Radio</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#Political_contributions" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">4 Political contributions</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#Public_relations" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">5 Public relations</a><ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#BSE.2FCJD_crisis_management" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">5.1 BSE/CJD crisis management</a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#Lobbying" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">6 Lobbying</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#Personnel" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">7 Personnel</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#Contact" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">8 Contact</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#Articles.26_sources" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">9 Articles & sources</a><ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#SourceWatch_articles" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">9.1 SourceWatch articles</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#References" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">9.2 References</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#External_articles" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">9.3 External articles</a></li></ul></li></ul></div><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); line-height: 1.3;">NCBA & factory farming</h2>On the average, Americans eat approximately 8 ounces of meat per day (about twice the global average). The U.S. slaughters approximately 15% of the world's total (for 5% of the world's population). However, global demand has also multiplied in recent years due to rising affluence and Confined animal Feeding Operations (CAFO)s or factory farms. These "animal factories" consume vast amounts of energy, generate pollution and environmental damage. They require increasing amounts of corn, soy and grains which has led to wide spread destruction of rain forests. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-3" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[3]</a> Organizations that support CAFO's include the NCBA. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-4" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[4]</a> According to NCBA spokesperson <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Tamara_Thies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tamara Thies (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Tamara Thies</a>:<dl style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.2em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;"><dd style="margin-left: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-right: 0px;">"If we want to grow food on this planet, there are going to be environmental effects. We do believe we’re doing a good job environmentally, and there are lots of conservation measures we have put in place through the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/U.S.Department_of_Agriculture" title="U.S. Department of Agriculture" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">U.S. Department of Agriculture</a> (USDA). Our greenhouse gas emissions are decreasing as well."</dd></dl>She argues that operations of 1,000 cattle or more are not allowed to discharge manure. However, according to the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Center_for_Science_in_the_Public_Interest" title="Center for Science in the Public Interest" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Center for Science in the Public Interest</a> (CSPI), manure still escapes and there are sometimes massive spills. For example, a 2005 spill into New York’s Black River and a 1995 spill into North Carolina’s New River Basin. "Dead zones" in the Gulf of Mexico and the Chesapeake Bay have also been attributed to massive waste manure run-offs; which are often stored in lagoons for treatment. Factory farming also causes health and environmental damage due to the massive use of antibiotics, pesticides and artificial hormones entering our food and water supply. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-5" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[5]</a>See also <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Meat%26_dairy_industry" title="Meat & dairy industry" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">meat & dairy industry</a>, sections 3 through 5.<h3 style="background: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: none; line-height: 1.6;">Hormones</h3>According to the NCBA, more than 90% of US beef cattle receive hormone implants and in larger feedlots, the figure is 100%. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-6" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; white-space: nowrap;">[6]</a> U.S. beef cattle are routinely implanted with sex hormones, including Zeranol, trenbolone acetate, progesterone, testosterone, and/or estradiol to accelerate growth and increase size. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-7" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[7]</a>See also <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Animals_raised%26_hunted_for_food" title="Animals raised & hunted for food" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">animals raised & hunted for food</a>.Since 1995, the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/European_Union" title="European Union" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">European Union</a> (EU) has prohibited the treatment of any farm animals with sex hormones, which includes a ban on hormone treated meat from the U.S. and Canada. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-8" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[8]</a>See also <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/EU" title="EU" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">EU</a>, section 9.<h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); line-height: 1.3;">NCBA & mad cow disease</h2>In a December of 2000 the NCBA described government and industry efforts to safeguard the American public from <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Mad_cow_disease" title="Mad cow disease" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">mad cow disease</a> as "swift", "decisive" and "aggressive". <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-9" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[9]</a> In 2003, the USDA added "diligent, vigilant and strong."<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-10" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[10]</a> However, the world's authority on these diseases disagrees. Dr. Stanley Prusiner is the scientist who won the Nobel Prize in Medicine for his discovery of <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Prion" title="Prion" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">prions</a>, the infectious agents thought to cause bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), or mad cow disease. The word Dr. Prusiner uses to describe the efforts of the U.S. government and the cattle industry is "terrible". <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-11" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[11]</a> In 1996, in response to the revelation that young people in Britain were dying from variant <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Creutzfeldt-Jakob_Disease" title="Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease</a> (vCJD); the human equivalent of mad cow disease, the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">World Health Organization</a> (WHO) issued seven recommendations. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-12" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[12]</a> Numbers 5-7 were recommendations for further research; however 1-4 were concrete recommendations. The United States continues to violate all four guide lines; number one being to stop feeding animals to other animals. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-13" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[13]</a>See also & section 5 on BSE/CJD crisis management & <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Meat%26_dairy_industry" title="Meat & dairy industry" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">meat & dairy industry</a>, section 4.<h3 style="background: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: none; line-height: 1.6;">Oprah Winfrey law suit</h3>The NCBA took Oprah Winfrey to court about comments made on her show.See also <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Oprah_Winfrey_and_mad_cows" title="Oprah Winfrey and mad cows" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Oprah Winfrey and mad cows</a>.<h2 style="background: none; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); line-height: 1.3;">Ad boycott against Air America Radio</h2>The NCBA refused to advertise on the progressive <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Air_America_Radio" title="Air America Radio" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Air America Radio</a>. In October 2006, around 90 companies and organizations, including NCBA, told <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/ABC_Radio_Networks" title="ABC Radio Networks" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">ABC Radio Networks</a> that they did not want their ads to play on radio stations that carried Air America Radio. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-14" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[14]</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-15" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[15]</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-16" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[16]</a><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); line-height: 1.3;">Political contributions</h2>The NCBA gave $$220,358 to federal candidates in the 2010 election through its <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Political_action_committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Political action committee (page does not exist)" style="background: none; text-decoration: none;">political action committee</a> - 34% to <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Democrats" title="Democrats" class="mw-redirect" style="background: none; text-decoration: none;">Democrats</a> and 66% to <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Republican_Party(USA)" title="Republican Party (USA)" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration: none;">Republicans</a>.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-17" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[17]</a>According to NCBA's website:<dl style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.2em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;"><dd style="margin-left: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-right: 0px;">"Election years give industry groups an opportunity to flex their political muscle in campaigns and at Washington fundraisers. With Election 2008 in full swing, cattlemen need to be engaged. Control of the White House – as well as key Congressional control – is up for grabs."<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-18" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[18]</a></dd></dl><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); line-height: 1.3;">Public relations</h2><h3 style="background: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: none; line-height: 1.6;">BSE/CJD <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Crisis_management" title="Crisis management" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">crisis management</a></h3>NCBA hire the PR firm <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Burson-Marsteller" title="Burson-Marsteller" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration: none;">Burson-Marsteller</a> to deal with BSE/CJD issues. According to a press release entitled 'Protecting Consumer Confidence in U.S. Beef: An issues management success':<dl style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.2em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;"><dd style="margin-left: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-right: 0px;">"Careful and comprehensive planning reduced the negative impact on the cattle industry resulting from the diagnosis of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE, also known as mad cow disease ) in a Canadian cow imported to the United States. On behalf of America's Beef Producers and their Checkoff program, the NCBA staff and Burson-Marsteller, state organizations and producer leaders successfully maintained consumer confidence. Prompt action made it clear to consumers in this country and around the world that U.S. beef is safe and that the American government and cattle producers are dedicated to keeping it that way."</dd></dl>The campaign won a PRWeek Award for the 'Crisis/Issues Management Campaign of the Year' category in 2005.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-19" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[19]</a><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); line-height: 1.3;">Lobbying</h2>The NCBA spent $286,706 for <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Lobbying" title="Lobbying" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">lobbying</a> in 2010. $40,000 went to one outside <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Lobbying_firms" title="Lobbying firms" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">lobbying firms</a> with the remainder being spent using in-house lobbyists. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-20" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[20]</a>NCBA lobbyists have included:<ul style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" a="A" csvg="Csvg" http="http" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="cx" cy="cy" r="r" fill="fill" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Tamara_Thies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tamara Thies (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Tamara Thies</a> (2003-2010)</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Colin_Woodall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colin Woodall (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Colin Woodall</a> (2004-2011)</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Jeff_Eisenberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeff Eisenberg (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Jeff Eisenberg</a> (2003-2010)</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Dustin_Van_Liew&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dustin Van Liew (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Dustin Van Liew</a> (2008-2011)<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-21" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[21]</a></li></ul>NCBA is a member of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Meat_Promotion_Coalition" title="Meat Promotion Coalition" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Meat Promotion Coalition</a>.<h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); line-height: 1.3;">Personnel</h2><ul style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" a="A" csvg="Csvg" http="http" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="cx" cy="cy" r="r" fill="fill" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Andy_Groseta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andy Groseta (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Andy Groseta</a> - President</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Gary_Voogt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gary Voogt (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Gary Voogt</a> - President-Elect</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Steve_Foglesong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steve Foglesong (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Steve Foglesong</a> - Vice President</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Bill_Donald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bill Donald (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Bill Donald</a> - Policy Division Chairman</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Eric_Smith" title="Eric Smith" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Eric Smith</a> - Policy Division Vice-Chairman</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Alan_Albright&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alan Albright (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Alan Albright</a> - NCBA Federation Division Chairman</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=J.D.Alexander&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J.D. Alexander (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">J.D. Alexander</a> - NCBA Federation Division Vice-Chairman</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Chandler_Keys" title="Chandler Keys" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Chandler Keys</a> - VP, Government Affairs<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_note-22" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">[22]</a></li></ul><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); line-height: 1.3;">Contact</h2>NCBA Denver
9110 East Nichols Avenue
Suite 300
Centennial, Colorado 80112
Phone: (303) 694-0305
Fax: (303) 694-2851
Web: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.beefusa.org/" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" word-wrap="word-wrap" break-word="break-word" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">http://www.beefusa.org</a><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); line-height: 1.3;">Articles & sources</h2><h3 style="background: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: none; line-height: 1.6;">SourceWatch articles</h3><ul style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" a="A" csvg="Csvg" http="http" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="cx" cy="cy" r="r" fill="fill" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Alisa_Harrison" title="Alisa Harrison" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Alisa Harrison</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/American_Meat_Institute" title="American Meat Institute" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">American Meat Institute</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Best_Food_Nation" title="Best Food Nation" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Best Food Nation</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Burson-Marsteller" title="Burson-Marsteller" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Burson-Marsteller</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Center_for_Food_Integrity" title="Center for Food Integrity" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Center for Food Integrity</a> (supporter of <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Front_groups" title="Front groups" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">front group</a>)</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Crisis_management" title="Crisis management" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Crisis management</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Energy_Stewardship_Alliance" title="Energy Stewardship Alliance" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Energy Stewardship Alliance</a> (supporter of <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Front_groups" title="Front groups" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">front group</a>)</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Mad_cow_disease" title="Mad cow disease" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Mad cow disease</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Mad_cow_PR_campaigns(U.S.)" title="Mad cow PR campaigns (U.S.)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Mad cow PR campaigns (U.S.)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Meat%26_Dairy_industry" title="Meat & Dairy industry" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Meat & Dairy industry</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Oprah_Winfrey_and_mad_cows" title="Oprah Winfrey and mad cows" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Oprah Winfrey and mad cows</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Processed_food_industry" title="Processed food industry" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Processed food industry</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/SLAPP" title="SLAPP" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">SLAPP</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/U.S.Government%27s_War_on_Animals" title="U.S. Government's War on Animals" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">U.S. Government's War on Animals</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/War_on_Animals" title="War on Animals" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">War on Animals</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/William_G.Myers_III" title="William G. Myers III" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">William G. Myers III</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">World Health Organization</a></li></ul><h3 style="background: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: none; line-height: 1.6;">References</h3><div class="references-small" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); column-count: 2;"><ol class="references" style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 3.2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li id="cite_note-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-1" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beefusa.org/" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Home page</a>, National Cattlemen's Beef Association, accessed June 2008.</li><li id="cite_note-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-2" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hoovers.com/national-cattlemen's/--ID114276--/free-co-profile.xhtml" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">National Cattlemen's Beef Association Profile</a>, Hoovers, accessed June 2008</li><li id="cite_note-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-3" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> Mark Bittman <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/27/weekinreview/27bittman.html?r=1" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Rethinking the Meat-Guzzler</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/New_York_Times" title="New York Times" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">New York Times</a>, January 2008</li><li id="cite_note-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-4" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> John Robbins <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.celsias.com/article/old-mcdonald-had-a-factory/" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Old McDonald had a Factory</a>, Celsias.com, accessed September 2011</li><li id="cite_note-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-5" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> Brian Colleran <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emagazine.com/view/?4266" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Think Before You Eat The Widespread Effects of Factory-Farmed Meat</a>, e-magazine.com, accessed January 2009</li><li id="cite_note-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-6" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> Fact Sheet, NCBA, June 1998</li><li id="cite_note-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-7" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> Lynn Truong <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wisebread.com/the-cost-of-meat-the-public-health-argument" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">The Cost of Meat—The Public Health Argument</a>, Wisebread, May 2007</li><li id="cite_note-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-8" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> Peter Montague <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.organicconsumers.org/Monsanto/rach666.cfm" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">The Bad Seed</a>, Environmental Research Foundation, September 1999</li><li id="cite_note-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-9" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20011124101045/www.beef.org/newsroom/ncba/2000/ncba00_1206a.htm" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">"Mad Cow Disease Not a Problem in the U.S."</a>, NCBA, News release, December 6, 2000.</li><li id="cite_note-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-10" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> Release No. 0012.03, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/U.S.Department_of_Agriculture" title="U.S. Department of Agriculture" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">U.S. Department of Agriculture</a>, 15 January 2003, Release No. 0166.03 20, USDA, May 2003</li><li id="cite_note-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-11" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> Angie Coiro <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.purefood.org/madcow/prusiner52303.cfm" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Mad Cow Disease in Canada</a>, KQED, May 23, 2003</li><li id="cite_note-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-12" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/prevguid/m0040791/m0040791.asp" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Consultation on Public Health Issues Related to Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy and the Emergence of a New Variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease</a>, World Health Organization, MMWR 45 (14); 295-6, 303, April 1996</li><li id="cite_note-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-13" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> Michael Greger, M.D. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.organicconsumers.org/madcow/GregerBSE.cfm" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">U.S. Violates World Health Organization Guidelines for Mad Cow Disease: A Comparison of North American and European Safeguards</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Organic_Consumers_Association" title="Organic Consumers Association" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Organic Consumers Association</a>, June 2003.</li><li id="cite_note-14" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-14" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> Marc Fisher, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/12/08/AR2006120800295.html" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Air America, in the Throes of Victory?</a>", <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Washington_Post" title="Washington Post" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Washington Post</a>, December 10, 2006.</li><li id="cite_note-15" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-15" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=2983" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Air America on Ad Blacklist?</a>", FAIR, October 31, 2006.</li><li id="cite_note-16" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-16" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fair.org/images/ABCmemo.pdf" style="text-decoration: none; background: url(" http="http" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif="Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Air America Blackout</a>", FAIR.org/ABC memo, October 25, 2006</li><li id="cite_note-17" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-17" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opensecrets.org/pacs/lookup2.php?strID=C00028787&cycle=2010" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">2010 PAC Summary Data</a>, Open Secrets, accessed September 2011</li><li id="cite_note-18" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-18" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beefusa.org/membPAC.aspx" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">PAC</a>, NCBA, accessed June 2008</li><li id="cite_note-19" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-19" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.burson-marsteller.com/newsroom/lists/PressReleases/DispForm.aspx?ID=480&nodename=Press%20Releases%20Archive" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Protecting Consumer Confidence in U.S. Beef: An issues management success</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Burson-Marsteller" title="Burson-Marsteller" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Burson-Marsteller</a> Newsroom, Press Releases Archive, accessed September 2011</li><li id="cite_note-20" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-20" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opensecrets.org/lobby/clientsum.php?id=D000000252&year=2010" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">National Cattlemen's Beef Association lobbying expenses</a>, Open Secrets, accessed September 2011</li><li id="cite_note-21" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-21" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://soprweb.senate.gov/index.cfm?event=chooseFields&reset=1" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Lobbying Disclosure Act Database</a> search, accessed September 11, 2011.</li><li id="cite_note-22" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association#cite_ref-22" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beefusa.org/theaofficers.aspx" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Officers</a>, NCBA, accessed June 2008</li></ol></div><h3 style="background: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: none; line-height: 1.6;">External articles</h3><ul style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" a="A" csvg="Csvg" http="http" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="cx" cy="cy" r="r" fill="fill" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Joshua Brockman, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=91430535" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">What's the Beef with U.S. Beef?</a>", <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Public_Radio" title="National Public Radio" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">National Public Radio</a>, June 12, 2008</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/John_Stauber" title="John Stauber" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">John Stauber</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prwatch.org/node/4800" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Food Flack Nation Attacks Journalist Eric Schlosser</a>, PRWatch.com, May 11, 2006</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Diane Farsetta <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prwatch.org/node/3610" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" transform="transform" translate="translate" crect="Crect" x="x" y="y" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" cpath="Cpath" m831.194="M831.194" h5.234v5.391l-1.571="h5.234v5.391l-1.571" z="z" m835.424="M835.424" l.022="l.022" fg="Fg" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">A Bumper Crop of Government-Produced "News": The USDA's Broadcast Media and Technology Center</a>, PR Watch, April 2005</li></ul></div><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" style="border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); padding: 5px; margin-top: 1em; clear: both;"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Categories</a>: <ul style="list-style: none none; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0px; display: inline;"><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: none; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0.25em; zoom: 1;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Category:Food_industry" title="Category:Food industry" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Food industry</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Category:Industry_lobby_groups" title="Category:Industry lobby groups" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Industry lobby groups</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Category:Industry-funded_organizations" title="Category:Industry-funded organizations" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Industry-funded organizations</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Category:Mad_cow_disease" title="Category:Mad cow disease" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Mad cow disease</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Category:Trade_associations" title="Category:Trade associations" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Trade associations</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Category:United_States" title="Category:United States" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">United States</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Category:Health" title="Category:Health" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Health</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Category:Animal_commerce" title="Category:Animal commerce" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Animal commerce</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Category:Global_warming" class="mw-redirect" title="Category:Global warming" style="text-decoration: none; background: none; font-style: italic;">Global warming</a></li></ul></div></div>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association<div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="direction: ltr;">The National Cattlemen's Beef Association (NCBA) is a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade_association" title="Trade association" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">trade association</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobbying" title="Lobbying" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">lobbying group</a> for beef producers in the United States.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#cite_note-1" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">[1]</a>The NCBA operates the Cattle Industry Annual Convention & Trade Show and Cattle Industry Summer Conference.<div id="toc" class="toc" style="background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 7px; display: table; zoom: 1;"><div id="toctitle" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;"><h2 style="background: none; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border: none; display: inline; line-height: 1.3;">Contents</h2>  [<a role="button" tabindex="0" id="togglelink" style="background: none; cursor: pointer;">hide</a>] </div><ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0.3em 0px; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#Advertising_campaign" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">1Advertising campaign</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#Legislation" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">2Legislation</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#Financial_background" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">3Financial background</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#See_also" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">4See also</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#References" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">5References</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#External_links" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">6External links</a></li></ul></div><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170);" linux="Linux" libertine="Libertine" georgia="Georgia" times="Times" serif="serif" line-height="line-height">Advertising campaign[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Advertising campaign" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h2>The NCBA is the group responsible for the ad campaign run in the U.S. using the slogan "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beef.It%27s_What%27s_For_Dinner" title="Beef. It's What's For Dinner" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Beef. It's What's For Dinner</a>" Music from the ballet <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodeo(ballet)" title="Rodeo (ballet)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Rodeo</a> by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaron_Copland" title="Aaron Copland" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Aaron Copland</a> is used in the radio and television commercials. On January 21, 2008, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew_McConaughey" title="Matthew McConaughey" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Matthew McConaughey</a> became the current spokesman of the organization, having taken over from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sam_Elliott" title="Sam Elliott" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Sam Elliott</a> and the late <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Davis(actor)" title="Jim Davis (actor)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Jim Davis</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mitchum" title="Robert Mitchum" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Robert Mitchum</a>.<h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170);" linux="Linux" libertine="Libertine" georgia="Georgia" times="Times" serif="serif" line-height="line-height">Legislation[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Legislation" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h2>The NCBA supported the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farmers_Undertake_Environmental_Land_Stewardship_Act" title="Farmers Undertake Environmental Land Stewardship Act" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Farmers Undertake Environmental Land Stewardship Act</a>, a bill that would require the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_Protection_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental Protection Agency" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Environmental Protection Agency</a> (EPA) to modify the Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) rule, which regulates oil discharges into navigable waters and adjoining shorelines.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#cite_note-cbo311-2" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">[2]</a> The rule requires certain farmers to develop an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_spill" title="Oil spill" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">oil spill</a> prevention plan that is certified by a professional <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineer" title="Engineer" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">engineer</a> and may require them to make <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructure" title="Infrastructure" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">infrastructure</a> changes.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#cite_note-cbo311-2" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">[2]</a> According to supporters, this bill would "ease the burden placed on farmers and ranchers" by making it easier for smaller farms to self-certify and raising the level of storage capacity under which farms are exempted.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#cite_note-HighPlainsJ1-3" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">[3]</a> The NCBA's president said that they were "pleased" that the "bill will keep many of our producers from having to undertake excess costs as a result of the EPA's overregulation."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#cite_note-HighPlainsJ1-3" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">[3]</a>The NCBA supported the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_Rights_Protection_Act" title="Water Rights Protection Act" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Water Rights Protection Act</a>, a bill that would prevent federal agencies from requiring certain entities to relinquish their water rights to the United States in order to use <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_lands" class="mw-redirect" title="Public lands" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">public lands</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#cite_note-3189cbo-4" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">[4]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#cite_note-NCBAsupport-5" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">[5]</a><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170);" linux="Linux" libertine="Libertine" georgia="Georgia" times="Times" serif="serif" line-height="line-height">Financial background[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Financial background" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h2>The National Cattlemen's Beef Association is funded partially by membership dues and partially through the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beef_Checkoff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beef Checkoff (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Beef Checkoff</a> which imposes a mandatory assessment each time a head of cattle is sold<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#cite_note-6" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">[6]</a> This tax, which was authorized by Congress in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_Security_Act_of_1985" title="Food Security Act of 1985" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Beef Promotion and Research Act of 1985</a>, brings in around $85 million a year, of which the NCBA receives roughly $55 million.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#cite_note-7" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">[7]</a> The constitutionality of the mandatory assessment was called into question with the hearing of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Supreme Court" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Supreme Court of the United States</a> case <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Johanns_v.Livestock_Marketing_Assn.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johanns v. Livestock Marketing Assn. (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Johanns v. Livestock Marketing Assn.</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#cite_note-8" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">[8]</a> in which the justices ruled in favor of the tax in a 6–3 decision.<h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170);" linux="Linux" libertine="Libertine" georgia="Georgia" times="Times" serif="serif" line-height="line-height">See also[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h2><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" a="A" csvg="Csvg" http="http" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="cx" cy="cy" r="r" fill="fill" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data"><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_Cattlemen%27s_Association" title="Canadian Cattlemen's Association" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Canadian Cattlemen's Association</a></li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Got_Milk%3F" title="Got Milk?" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Got Milk?</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wise_Use_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Wise Use Movement" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Wise Use Movement</a></li></ul><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170);" linux="Linux" libertine="Libertine" georgia="Georgia" times="Times" serif="serif" line-height="line-height">References[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h2><div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"><ol class="references" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 3.2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: inherit;"><li id="cite_note-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#cite_ref-1" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation book" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marion_Nestle" title="Marion Nestle" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Nestle, Marion</a> (2013). Food Politics. Oakland: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">University of California Press</a>. p. 142. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-25403-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-25403-9" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">978-0-520-25403-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Cattlemen%27s+Beef+Association&rft.aufirst=Marion&rft.aulast=Nestle&rft.btitle=Food+Politics&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-520-25403-9&rft.pages=142&rft.place=Oakland&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-cbo311-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#cite_ref-cbo311_2-0" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#cite_ref-cbo311_2-1" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">b</a> <cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbo.gov/publication/44719" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">"H.R. 311 - CBO"</a>. Congressional Budget Office. Retrieved March 10, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Cattlemen%27s+Beef+Association&rft.btitle=H.R.+311+-+CBO&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbo.gov%2Fpublication%2F44719&rft.pub=Congressional+Budget+Office&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-HighPlainsJ1-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#cite_ref-HighPlainsJ1_3-0" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#cite_ref-HighPlainsJ1_3-1" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">b</a> <cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hpj.com/archives/2013/dec13/dec23/1104FUELSActsr.cfm" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">"Committee passes legislation to ease burden of SPCC program"</a>. High Plains Journal. December 23, 2013. Retrieved March 11, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Cattlemen%27s+Beef+Association&rft.atitle=Committee+passes+legislation+to+ease+burden+of+SPCC+program&rft.date=2013-12-23&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hpj.com%2Farchives%2F2013%2Fdec13%2Fdec23%2F1104FUELSActsr.cfm&rft.jtitle=High+Plains+Journal&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-3189cbo-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#cite_ref-3189cbo_4-0" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbo.gov/publication/44956" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">"H.R. 3189 - CBO"</a>. Congressional Budget Office. Retrieved March 11, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Cattlemen%27s+Beef+Association&rft.btitle=H.R.+3189+-+CBO&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbo.gov%2Fpublication%2F44956&rft.pub=Congressional+Budget+Office&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-NCBAsupport-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cattlemen's_Beef_Association#cite_ref-NCBAsupport_5-0" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://capwiz.com/beefusa/issues/alert/?alertid=62952666" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">"Urge Congress to Support of the Water Rights Protection Act"</a>. 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Retrieved 2010-12-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Cattlemen%27s+Beef+Association&rft.btitle=Johanns+v.+Livestock+Marketing+Association&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oyez.org%2Fcases%2F2000-2009%2F2004%2F2004_03_1164&rft.pub=Oyez.org&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988" /></li></ol></div><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170);" linux="Linux" libertine="Libertine" georgia="Georgia" times="Times" serif="serif" line-height="line-height">External links[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h2><ul style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" f="F" e="E" a="A" csvg="Csvg" http="http" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="cx" cy="cy" r="r" fill="fill" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beefusa.org/" style="text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="version" d="D" encoding="encoding" utf-8="UTF-8" standalone="standalone" no="no" f="F" e="E" csvg="Csvg" http="http" a="A" fwww.w3.org="Fwww.w3.org" f2000="F2000" fsvg="Fsvg" width="width" height="height" cpath="Cpath" fill="fill" fff="fff" stroke="stroke" m1.5="M1.5" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" m5.765="M5.765" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" m9.995="M9.995" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="xmlns" xmlns:data="data">Official site</a></li></ul></div><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); padding: 5px; margin-top: 1em; clear: both;"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Categories</a>: <ul style="list-style: none none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline;"><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: none; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0.25em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Beef" title="Category:Beef" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Beef</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Food_industry_trade_groups" title="Category:Food industry trade groups" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Food industry trade groups</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Industry_trade_groups_based_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Industry trade groups based in the United States" style="text-decoration: none; background: none;">Industry trade groups based in the United States</a></li></ul></div></div>==aha unexpected ripple effects
<a href="http://www.ecowatch.com/hurricane-matthew-flooding-factory-farms-2045975366.html" class="external text" title="http://www.ecowatch.com/hurricane-matthew-flooding-factory-farms-2045975366.html" rel="nofollow">Billions of Gallons of Animal Waste From Factory Farms Poses Health Risks in Wake of Hurricane Matthew</a> see climate change and <a href="https://www.ic.ucsc.edu/college8core/c8wiki/index.php/Category:Food" class="external text" title="https://www.ic.ucsc.edu/college8core/c8wiki/index.php/Category:Food" rel="nofollow">Food</a> and <a href="https://ic.ucsc.edu/college8core/c8wiki/index.php?title=Category:Water" class="external text" title="https://ic.ucsc.edu/college8core/c8wiki/index.php?title=Category:Water" rel="nofollow">Water</a> 10/16.

meat up 5%
<a href="http://www.alternet.org/food/americans-are-gorging-meat-amounts-not-seen-decades">http://www.alternet.org/food/americans-are-gorging-meat-amounts-not-seen-decades</a><a href="http://grist.org/food/antibiotic-use-went-up-last-year-should-we-be-freaking-out/" class="external text" title="http://grist.org/food/antibiotic-use-went-up-last-year-should-we-be-freaking-out/" rel="nofollow" style="margin: 0px; padding-right: 13px; line-height: 16.704px; background: url(" external.png="external.png" no-repeat="no-repeat" rgb="rgb">Antibiotic use went up last year. Should we be freaking out?</a> 12/15. See <a href="http://www.ic.ucsc.edu/college8core/c8wiki/index.php/Category:Food#Specific_Foods" class="external text" title="http://www.ic.ucsc.edu/college8core/c8wiki/index.php/Category:Food#Specific Foods" rel="nofollow" style="margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; padding-right: 13px; line-height: 16.704px; background: url(" external.png="external.png" no-repeat="no-repeat" rgb="rgb">Food</a>.

[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/meat-consumption-demand-factory-farms_565379a1e4b0879a5b0c082e If We’re Going To End Factory Farms, We Need To Eat Way Less Meat]: Meat consumption is down after decades of growth, but the U.S. still eats more of it than any other country. 12/15.

Republican War on Vegetables

Experts say to cut down on meat for the sake of our health and the environment. Republicans react like 3-year-olds.

By Lindsay Abrams / Salon June 26, 2015

http://www.alternet.org/news-amp-politics/republican-war-vegetables

New recommendations released earlier this year by the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee (DGAC), an independent group of doctors and nutritionists, say we should cut down on meat for the sake of our health and the environment. In response, congressional Republicans are throwing a temper tantrum.

But because “you can’t make us eat more fruits and vegetables” sounds kind of petulant, they’re pretending their objections are all about the science.

The report, which informs the Dietary Guidelines for Americans that are updated every five years, found that “a diet higher in plant-based foods, such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and seeds, and lower in calories and animal-based foods is more health promoting and is associated with less environmental impact than is the current U.S. diet.” This is the first time the sustainability of our dietary choices has been taken into consideration by the DGAC; according to the report, it is “essential to ensure a healthy food supply will be available for future generations.”

Yet the move has predictably been met with hostility, particularly on the part of the meat industry, which accused the recommendations of being “flawed” and “nonsensical.”

Republicans agree. This past Wednesday, the House approved two spending bills that would completely alter the way the government is permitted to adapt the DGAC’s evidence-based recommendations. They do so by raising that standard of evidence: the agencies that form the Dietary Guidelines, they say, can only rely on the very strongest science in these matters. The DGAC rates its evidence on a three-level scale — “strong,” “moderate” and “limited” — and the science supporting a plant-based diet was deemed “moderate”: too low, by the bills’ standards, to be relevant.

The bills are, in effect, a giant roadblock to progress pushed through under the guise of reasonability. That’s because the term “strong,” as defined by the DGAC, is an extremely difficult ideal to obtain — it’s only when a large number of studies are able to reach near-uniform conclusions that any piece of evidence will be granted that classification. According to the nonprofit Center for Science in the Public Interest, straightforward health advice included in past guidelines, like “try to spend less time sitting in front of the T.V.” and “eat less fast food,” would fail to quality under the new standards House Republicans are demanding. This new directive to “eat more fruits and vegetables,” for that matter, also seems pretty common-sensical.

“Research evolves and we expect it to change,” panel chairman Barbara Millen told the Associated Press in defense of recommendations that rely on “moderate” evidence. “That doesn’t negate the importance of a large body of consistent data that may have limitations of a certain kind.”

The riders, along with a similar bill passed last week by a Senate subcommittee, also require that the guidelines “shall be limited in scope to only matters of diet and nutrient intake” — that excludes consideration of whether one’s diet is actively harming the environment, as well as policy recommendations for how the dietary and fitness advice should be implemented. But hey, at least our hamburgers would be safe.

Just what is it that has Republicans crying, “Let them eat steak?” It’s likely, in part, a Ron Swanson-style attempt to preserve the “classic” American meat and potatoes diet. Surely, it is apiece with a pattern of redefining nutrition to fit an agenda that extends back to Reagan’s infamous (only somewhat apocryphal) “ketchup is a vegetable” controversy. And as Ariana Eunjung Cha writes at the Washington Post, it’s probably not a coincidence that the majority of the meat industry’s political contributions go to the GOP. It’s safe to say the outcry isn’t actually about the science, because as anyone who’s following the climate change “debate” knows well, Republicans are happy to reject even the most rigorous of scientific evidence when it challenges their ideology.

But the argument for why we should consider cutting down on meat in favor of plants has become more and more convincing, and it defies a number of food myths that vegetarians (ahem) are constantly having to answer for: most prominently, the idea that you can’t get enough protein without meat. In a recent talk held at the Monterey Bay Aquarium’s Sustainable Foods Institute, Stanford University scientist Christopher Gardner and food systems consultant Arlin Wasserman destroyed that misconception: Plant-based foods, they told a somewhat surprised audience (of food and nutrition folks, no less), are more than capable of meeting human requirements for the essential amino acids. When put on the spot, that same audience was at a loss as to how much protein the average American requires per day — the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) is about 50 grams. Yet we consume, on average, twice that amount: a full 50 grams of unnecessary excess that aside from being unhealthy is hastening climate change and contributing to a whole host of other environmental problems.

It’s well-known by now that meat, as a food source, is inefficient. But what was most shocking about Gardner and Wasserman’s presentation was just how big of an impact cutting down on meat — not, crucially, cutting it out altogether — could have. If Americans started sticking to the RDA of protein — more than enough to meet their needs — andthey sourced 25 percent of that protein from plants, they said, the equivalent savings in carbon dioxide emissions would constitute 27 percent of the U.S.’s greenhouse gas reduction goal. It would be, to put it another way, the equivalent of “turning off the U.K.”

That’s an astounding benefit, even if it isn’t one that’s likely to resonate with Republican leadership. But when anyone fights this hard against something this simple, it’s worth asking whose interests they’re really trying to protect.

Lindsay Abrams is a staff writer at Salon, reporting on all things sustainable. Follow her on Twitter @readingirl, email labrams@salon.com

==

proposal has prompted an outcry from the meat lobby, which has argued that the Obama administration is going too far in efforts to guide what Americans eat. "<a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/food/eat-less-meat-a-government-panel-says-is-science-on-their-side/2015/04/18/d33322f0-e3b2-11e4-81ea-0649268f729e_story.html" style="text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(212, 212, 212); zoom: 1;">Hands off my hot dog,"</a> is the rallying cry of the North American Meat Institute's Change.org petition.

Now Congressional Republicans are pushing back with two bills that would make the government consider only nutrition and diet when considering the advisory committee's advice. While the proposed legislation doesn't address the meat issue directly, it changes the threshold for the science that the departments of Agriculture and Health and Human Services should use when they issue their official recommendations at the end of this year.

Let's be clear: The bills say the recommendations should be supported by only the strongest science. The plant-based diet advice from the committee is based on "moderate" evidence. The Senate version was approved by a subcommittee last week, and the House version was approved by the appropriations committee on Wednesday.

Rep. Robert Aderhold (R-Ala.) told the <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/republicans-push-back-against-proposed-dietary-guidelines/2015/06/24/8554b978-1a84-11e5-bed8-1093ee58dad0_story.html" style="text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(212, 212, 212); zoom: 1;">Associated Press</a> that the goal of the legislation "should not be to 'dumb down' the standards but instead increase the science certainty of each guideline."

It isn't a coincidence that individuals and political action committees associated with big meat companies including Tyson Foods and Smithfield Foods tend to give most of their contributions to Republicans. "The industry is a strong supporter of the GOP, and has given the party more than three-quarters of the $10 million of its contributions made since the 1990 election cycle," according to Center for Responsive Politics Opensecrets.org project.

ref wapo 6/15

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==

Some of America's biggest welfare ranchers:

David and Charles Koch (Koch Industries)

The brothers hold a half-dozen grazing permits on public land in Montana to go with its 300,000-acre Matador Ranch there. The brothers are tied for fourth place on Forbes 2014 400 Richest People in America list (net worth: $ 42 billion each). The Koch family ($ 89 billion) is #2 on Forbes Richest Families list; Koch Industries is #2 on Forbes America's Largest Private Companies list, ($ 115 billion in sales).

J.R. Simplot Corp.

The largest U.S. public lands ranching entity (with an estimated 2 to 3 million acres of allotments in CA, ID, NV, OR and UT) is #63 on Forbes 2014 list of America's Largest Private Companies ($ 5.8 billion in sales). In 2014, the family was #29 on Forbes list of America’s Richest Families (net worth: $ 8 billion).

Bruce McCaw (McCaw Cellular)

McCaw was #382 on Forbes 400 list of America’s Richest People in 2005 (net worth: $ 925 million). Through his 9 sprawling ranches, he controls a significant number of public grazing leases in ID and possibly NV. One of them (Camas Creek ranch) includes 272,000 acres of Federal grazing allotments in Idaho's Camas Prairie. Grazing permitted to his other ranches could easily double or triple that to a million acres or more.

Barrick Gold

The Canadian mining company is one of the two largest public lands ranchers in NV, ranking 771st on Forbes Global 2000 list of the World’s Biggest Public Companies in 2014, (sales: $ 12.56 billion). Like many other large public lands ranchers, Barrick buys ranches to secure water rights.

Southern Nevada Water Authority (SNWA)

The supplier of drinking water to Las Vegas is a large NV public lands rancher with an estimated 1 million acres of public grazing allotments. Like Barrick Gold, it, buys up private ranches to gain their water rights.

W. Barron Hilton (Hilton Hotels)

The hotel heir dropped off Forbes Billionaires list (ranked #459 in 2011) as well as its list of the 400 Richest Americans (#144 in 2010), with a net worth of $ 2.5 billion. He died in 2013.

Though records are hard to pin down, Hilton's heirs inherited a ranching operation in the CA-NV border area, which has been known to have vast public lands grazing allotments permitted to it.

Mary Hewlett-Jaffe (Hewlett-Packard)

Jaffe holds the largest BLM public lands grazing permit in central ID and is among the top 15 public lands ranchers in the state (estimated at under 200,000 acres that are said to be in extremely degraded condition, according to sources).

James Barta (Sav-Rx.com)

Barta is not on any Forbes rich lists, but owns one of the largest cattle ranching operations in the U.S., according to his attorneys. Barta holds grazing permits to nearly 900,000 acres of public grazing allotments in connection with two properties: White Horse Ranch (in OR) and Soldier Meadows (in NV). Barta may have additional NV grazing leases through two other ranches in NV, according to Jon Marvel, founder of Western Watersheds Project.

T. Wright Dickinson

Though not on any Forbes list, the Dickinson family is a large public lands rancher, with  grazing permits estimated at more than a half million acres of CO, UT and WY public lands under its LLC, Vermillion Ranches. Dickinson is a former County commissioner and proponent of county efforts to gain control of federal lands, according to the Denver Post.

Stan Kroenke (Kroenke Group) & Ann Walton Kroenke (Walmart)

With just two of his ranches (in MT and WY) totaling 664,000 acres (not including public grazing allotments), Kroenke is one of the ten top land owners in the U.S. In 2014, he ranked #89 on Forbes list of the 400 Richest Americans, #247 on its Billionaires list, and #5 on its list of Richest American Sports Team Owners (net worth: $ 5.8 billion). His wife, Ann Walton Kroenke (net worth: $ 5.6 billion), was #261 on Forbes Billionaires list and #11 on its list of America’s Richest Women.

Family of Robert Earl Holding (Sinclair Oil and hotels)

Forbes ranks the family #87 on its 2014 list of America’s Richest Families (net worth: $ 2.7 billion). With 400,000 acres of land, the family is the 19th largest private land owner in the US, according to the 2014 Land Report 100. This includes land that Forbes reported “may be the largest ranching operation in the Rocky Mountains.” Public grazing leases are associated with some of the family’s WY and possibly MT holdings, according to Jon Marvel, founder of Western Watersheds.

Ted Turner

He's the second largest U.S. land owner (2 million acres in 6 states), is estimated to hold grazing leases in MT and NM (estimated at as much as 300,000 acres), and owns the world's largest bison herd. Forbes ranked him #296 on its 2014 list of the 400 Richest Americans and #818 on its global Billionaires list (net worth: $ 2.2 billion).

==

<div>

ALEC’s corporate members and funders have included a number of agriculture interests, including <a title="reference on Archer Daniels Midland" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Archer_Daniels_Midland" target="blank" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">Archer Daniels Midland</a> (ADM), <a title="reference on Cargill" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Cargill" target="blank" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">Cargill</a>, and <a title="reference on DuPont" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=DuPont" target="blank" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">DuPont</a>, as well as industry organizations like the <a title="reference on National Pork Producers Council" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Pork_Producers_Council" target="blank" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">National Pork Producers Council</a>, the<a title="reference on Illinois Corn Marketing Board" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Illinois_Corn_Marketing_Board" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">Illinois Corn Marketing Board</a>, and the <a title="reference on Illinois Soybean Association" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Illinois_Soybean_Association" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">Illinois Soybean Association</a>. Cargill is the nation’s <a title="reference on second largest beef processor, third largest turkey processor, and fourth largest pork processor" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.ift.org/food-technology/daily-news/2011/july/07/cargill-innovation-center-opens-july-15.aspx" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">second largest beef processor, third largest turkey processor, and fourth largest pork processor</a>. In three other areas, flour milling, soybean crushing, and production of animal feed, ADM joins Cargill as<a title="reference on the biggest in the industry" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.foodcircles.missouri.edu/07contable.pdf" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">the biggest in the industry</a>. Chemical giant DuPont is one of the world’s largest makers of numerous pesticides, and in 1999, it purchased seed giant Pioneer Hi-Bred, the world’s <a title="reference on top seller" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.greenpeace.org/usa/en/campaigns/genetic-engineering/ge-industry/other-companies/" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">top seller</a> of corn seeds, including <a title="reference on genetically engineered" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=GE_corn" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">genetically engineered</a> seeds.

</div>

Unlike the corporations, the National Pork Producers Council (NPPC) is actually led by farmers … and lobbyists for multinational pork processors, like <a title="reference on Don Butler" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Don_Butler" target="blank" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">Don Butler</a>, past president of NPPC and lobbyist for <a title="reference on Smithfield Foods" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Smithfield_Foods" target="blank" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">Smithfield Foods</a>, the <a title="reference on largest pork processor in the world" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/12/17/smithfield-pork-pigs-abuse-humane-society_n_798310.html" target="blank" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">largest pork processor in the world</a>. The farmers who lead NPPC tend to own farms similar to that of NPPC president <a title="reference on Doug Wolf" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Doug_Wolf" target="blank" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">Doug Wolf</a>. Wolf’s farm produces 24,000 hogs per year – and it also has a beef feedlot and 1,200 acres of corn, soy, and alfalfa.

</div>

<div>

Perhaps the most surprising “agribusiness” donor to ALEC is the most powerful of all: <a title="reference on Koch Industries" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Koch_Industries" target="blank" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">Koch Industries</a>. It turns out that an early part of the Koch empire was the <a title="reference on Matador Cattle Company" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.matadorranch.com/matadorranchhistory.php" target="blank" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">Matador Cattle Company</a>, founded in 1952. To this day, Koch Agriculture Company retains <a title="reference on Matador Cattle Company" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.kochind.com/IndustryAreas/ranching.aspx" target="blank" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">Matador Cattle Company</a>, which has about 15,000 cattle. However, in the 1990′s, <a title="reference on Koch Beef Company" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.livestockweekly.com/papers/98/07/30/whlkoch.asp" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">Koch Beef Company</a> was the nation’s 10th largest cattle feeder, with feedlots that held up to 165,000 cattle. Koch bought a new feedlot in 1996 and, among other things, decided to <a title="reference on expand its capacity" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.consumersunion.org/other/animal/koch.htm" target="_blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">expand its capacity</a> by adding 20,000 more cows. The neighbors did not think that was a good idea:

</div>

Some businesses and farm owners expressed concerns over the health of their employees, some of whom would be housed within 300 feet of Koch’s cattle pens. Other neighbors cited concerns over the potential for groundwater pollution, the amount of dirt, insects, and odors added to the area contributing to health problems, a decrease in the quality of life for nearby residents, and the possible devaluation of land.

</blockquote>

<div>Koch overcame their objections with the ruling of a friendly regulator in Texas, winning the right to expand. With all these corporate interests in limiting regulation of factory farming, thank goodness their pals at ALEC approved <a title="reference on a model version" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.alecexposed.org/w/images/a/af/3A8-Right_to_Farm_Act_Exposed.pdf" target="_blank" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">a model version</a> of a Right to Farm bill in 1996!</div>

<h2 style="margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Why Corporations Care About Laws For Farmers</h2>

</div>

==

mojo

Should the new Dietary Guidelines—the advice the federal government issues every five years on what constitutes a healthy diet—include recommendations about what makes for a healthy planet? The meat industry sure doesn't think so.

The industry <a href="http://www.motherjones.com/blue-marble/2015/02/salt-sugar-chicken-what-look-upcoming-dietary-guidelines-report" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px dotted rgb(0, 0, 0);">started flipping out</a> when it saw some of the language in the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee's February <a href="http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015-scientific-report/PDFs/Scientific-Report-of-the-2015-Dietary-Guidelines-Advisory-Committee.pdf" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px dotted rgb(0, 0, 0);">report</a>: "Consistent evidence indicates that, in general, a dietary pattern that is higher in plant-based foods...and lower in animal-based foods is more health promoting and is associated with a lesser environmental impact (GHG emissions and energy, land, and water use) than is the current average US diet."

Big Meat takes issue with two main things:

1) That the committee's scientists dared to comment on environmental sustainability issues in a nutrition report.

2) That the report said (elsewhere) that a healthy diet should be lower in red and processed meats.

The <a href="https://www.meatinstitute.org/index.php?ht=d/sp/i/204/pid/204" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px dotted rgb(0, 0, 0);">North American Meat Institute</a>, a massive trade association, retaliated this week with a "Hands Off My Hot Dog" petition on <a href="https://www.change.org/p/tom-vilsack-sylvia-burwell-hands-off-my-hot-dog-inject-common-sense-in-2015-dietary-guidelines" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px dotted rgb(0, 0, 0);">Change.org,</a> a flurry of tweets about<a href="https://twitter.com/MeatInstitute/status/576413462722646017" target="_blank" style="text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px dotted rgb(0, 0, 0);">saving the Ruben sandwich</a>, and this short film, starring plastic-wrapped packages of raw beef:...

But the video does not try to refute the notion that meat's environmental footprint is cause for concern—the UN <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/018/i3437e/i3437e.pdf" target="_blank" style="text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px dotted rgb(0, 0, 0);">argues,</a> for instance, that livestock produce 14.5 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions. The Dietary Guidelines' committee points out that producing one calorie of beef requires 18 times as much fuel as producing one calorie of grain.

It's no coincidence that the committee chose to flag the carbon footprint of our food: The guidelines are ultimately about people's relationship with food, and the deterioration of the environment's health is a blow to our food security. "Meeting current and future food needs," the committee notes, will depend on changing the way people eat and developing agricultural and production practices "that reduce environmental impacts and conserve resources."

==

TOWNSHIPS FIGHT BACK

IN 2001 SEVERAL TOWNSHIPS IN PENNSYLVANIA PASSED ORDINANCES FORBIDDING CORPORATIONS FROM OWNING OR CONTROLLING FARMS IN THEIR COMMUNITIES. “THEY CHOSE TO GO THAT ROUTE INSTEAD OF THE REGULATORY ROUTE,” SAID ATTORNEY THOMAS LINZEY OF THE COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENTAL LEGAL DEFENSE FUND (CELDF). “IF WE JUST GOT A REGULATION PASSED ABOUT, FOR EXAMPLE, ODOR FROM FACTORY FARMS, THEN THE ENTIRE DEBATE FROM THEN ON WOULD BE ABOUT ODOR. BUT WHAT WE WANT TO CHALLENGE IS THE RIGHT FOR THESE HUGE CORPORATE FARMING OPERATIONS TO EXIST IN OUR COMMUNITIES IN THE FIRST PLACE.”<a href="http://www.truth-out.org/opinion/item/4663-end-corporate-personhood#[3]" style=" background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">[3]</a>

IN DECEMBER 2001, GENE MELLOTT, THE SECRETARY FOR THOMPSON TOWNSHIP, PENNSYLVANIA, TOLD ME THAT HIS TOWNSHIP HAD ADOPTED SEVERAL SUCH ORDINANCES, INCLUDING “AN ORDINANCE FORBIDDING CONFINED ANIMAL-FEEDING OPERATIONS FROM BEING OWNED AND OPERATED BY A CORPORATION” AND “ONE THAT DEALS WITH CORPORATIONS WHO HAVE A PREVIOUS HISTORY OF VIOLATIONS, DENYING THEM ACCESS TO STARTING UP AN ANIMAL-FEEDING OPERATION.”

MELLOTT NOTED AT THE TIME OF OUR INTERVIEW THAT ONE FARMER WAS ACTUALLY GOING THROUGH THE PROCESSES SPECIFIED BY THE ORDINANCE, COOPERATING WITH THE TOWNSHIP, PRIOR TO OPENING A NEW ANIMAL-FEEDING OPERATION.

OTHER TOWNSHIPS WEREN’T SO LUCKY, THOUGH, MELLOTT SAID. “IN ONE TOWNSHIP THE AGRIBIZ CORPORATIONS THREATENED TO SUE THE DIRECTORS OF THE TOWNSHIP, BOTH AS DIRECTORS AND PERSONALLY. THEY DIDN’T HAVE THE PERSONAL FUNDS TO FIGHT THAT, SO THEY DECIDED NOT TO PASS THE ORDINANCE.”<a href="http://www.truth-out.org/opinion/item/4663-end-corporate-personhood#[4]" style=" background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">[4]</a>

I ASKED LINZEY HOW A CORPORATION COULD SUE A TOWNSHIP OFFICIAL FOR PROPOSING LEGISLATION, AND HE SAID, “THEY ALLEGE THAT THE TOWNSHIP OFFICIALS ARE PLANNING TO INFRINGE ON THEIR CIVIL RIGHTS.”

“CIVIL RIGHTS?”

“YES, CIVIL RIGHTS. BECAUSE THEY CLAIM THEY’RE PERSONS, JUST LIKE THE TOWNSHIP OFFICIALS, SO THEY CAN SUE THEM, PERSON TO PERSON, SO TO SPEAK. THAT ALSO IMMEDIATELY THROWS IT INTO FEDERAL COURT, WHERE THE LOCAL OFFICIALS WILL HAVE TO PAY MORE FOR DEFENSE AND WON’T HAVE THE EASY SUPPORT OF THEIR LOCAL COMMUNITY.”<a href="http://www.truth-out.org/opinion/item/4663-end-corporate-personhood#[5]" style=" background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">[5]</a>

IF CORPORATIONS WEREN’T PERSONS, THEY COULDN’T USE SUCH FORMS OF HARASSMENT TO PREVENT LOCAL OFFICIALS FROM TRYING TO PROTECT THEIR CITIZENS FROM WHAT MAY BE UNPLEASANT CORPORATE NEIGHBORS.

==

n 2001, for example - the first year that OMB compiled the "hit list" - it received nominations covering 71 federal regulations. Forty-four of these nominations were submitted by the Mercatus Center at George Mason University, a conservative think tank funded by many of the same industries that are directly regulated by the targeted rules. Of the 71 submissions, OMB ranked 23 as "high priority" on the basis of brief, skeletal statements (often no more than a page) submitted by Mercatus and other industry groups. Thirteen of the 23 rules on the "hit list" were environmental regulations, including such important promulgations as the Forest Service's roadless area conservation rule and EPA's rule strengthening the standard for arsenic in drinking water. EPA's rule regulating water pollution from Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) also made it onto the list, just one month after representatives of the agriculture industry met with top-level OMB officials. Despite repeated requests from the Center for Progressive Reform and OMB Watch, however, OMB has never disclosed the criteria by which it selects rules for inclusion on the "hit list."

wendy gramm on bd IBP

==

SIOUX FALLS, S.D. (AP) — A federal judge on Wednesday moved a South Dakota beef processing company's defamation lawsuit against ABC News back to state court.

Beef Products Inc. sued American Broadcasting Companies Inc. and ABC News Inc. for defamation in September over its coverage of a meat product the company calls lean, finely textured beef but that critics dubbed "pink slime." The meat processor claims the network damaged the company by misleading consumers into believing the product is unhealthy and unsafe. BPI is seeking $1.2 billion in damages.

On Wednesday, U.S. District Judge Karen Schreier ordered the case back to the circuit court in Union County.

Erik Connolly, a lawyer for BPI, said the company is looking forward to presenting its case.

"We originally filed the case in state court because that was the proper jurisdiction," Connolly said in an email. "The Court's decision confirms we were correct."

Lawyers for ABC wanted the suit moved to federal district court in South Dakota because it said the parties involved are all from different states. A lawyer for the broadcasting company did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

In order for the federal court to take a case under the concept of diversity jurisdiction, none of the defendants must hold citizenship in the same state where any plaintiff holds citizenship.

===

<h3 style="margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom-style: none; line-height: 19.2px; background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Protecting Factory Farming from Regulation</h3>

One of the lesser publicized ventures of Koch Industries was its large-scale confined animal feed operations (CAFOs). At one point, Koch Beef Company was one of the largest cattle feeders in the U.S. When it sought to increase one of its already huge operations by 20,000 head of cattle, workers living a few hundred feet away expressed concerns for their health, and neighbors complained about an exponential increase in smell from Koch’s CAFO. But Koch persuaded friendly state regulators that the neighbors' concerns lacked “technical merit”-- although it ultimately divested the feed lots, while maintaining its Matador Cattle Company and grazing operations near Yellowstone National Park, along with other agricultural operations.

Is ALEC interested in protecting CAFOs? You bet. One of its bills, the<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alecexposed.org/w/images/a/af/3A8-Right_to_Farm_Act_Exposed.pdf" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcaqaaaanowc2aaaatkleqvr4xmxkqqqamawf0x="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAQAAAAnOwc2AAAATklEQVR4XmXKQQqAMAwF0X" xssz9cskiyiifrfcjmmihmigbb5fqdcaqj4j46pzyluwe="XsSz9CSKiyIIFRFcjMmihmiGbB5fqDCaQJ4j46pzYLUWe" cxz6ovbhts0sry2njp="cXZ6OVBhTS0srY2Njp" xxxxzolu6euwaopx1vnwtbe6qqaaaaaelftksuqmcc="XxXXZOLu6EUWAOPX1vnwTBe6qQAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" xmlns:data="data">“Right to Farm Act,”</a> would bar any lawsuits by neighbors claiming nuisance from any activities that are typical in farming, including industrial agriculture. If this bill passed, it would likely benefit ALEC's agribusinesses members.

==

http://grist.org/news/meat-industry-doesnt-want-to-tell-you-where-your-meat-comes-from/

<h1 class="headline" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.4em; padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.2em;">Meat industry doesn’t want to tell you where your meat comes from</h1>

By <a href="http://grist.org/author/john-upton/" title="Posts by John Upton" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">John Upton</a>

Industry groups are suing the U.S. government because they don’t want to have to tell you the origins of your meat.

</header>

<a href="http://grist.org/news/american-meat-labeling-laws-bolstered-canada-may-retaliate/" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none; max-width: 100%;">The U.S. Department of Agriculture implemented new rules</a> in May that require packages of meat to be sold with labels that identify the country in which the animal was born, raised, and slaughtered. The rules also outlaw the mixing of cuts of meat from different countries in the same package. That pleased food-safety advocates, environmentalists, and some farmers.

But it angered large meat importers and producers and grocery chains. On Tuesday, some of those groups announced they were suing to have the rules overturned. <a href="http://bigstory.ap.org/article/meat-groups-sue-usda-over-meat-labeling-rule" target="_blank" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none; max-width: 100%;">From the AP</a>:

The American Meat Institute, a trade group for packers, processors, and suppliers, and seven other groups said segregating the meat is not part of the law Congress passed and the USDA is overstepping its authority. They also claim the rule will be costly to implement and that it offers no food safety or public health benefit.

“Segregating and tracking animals according to the countries where production steps occurred and detailing that information on a label may be a bureaucrat’s paperwork fantasy, but the labels that result will serve only to confuse consumers, raise the prices they pay, and put some producers and meat and poultry companies out of business in the process,” Mark Dopp, an AMI executive, said in a statement.

The USDA says the country of original labeling, known as COOL, will help consumers make informed decisions about the food they buy. …

Other advocates of the new rule say segregating meat will help if a food safety issue develops.

</blockquote>

So enjoy knowing where your grocery-story beef comes from, while you can. It might soon return to being mystery meat.

orig AP:

The USDA estimates the labeling change will cost somewhere between $53.1 million and $192.1 million to put in place. The National Grocers Association said it expected it to cost at least $100 million as companies buy new signs, labels and labeling machines.

The lawsuit, filed by groups that include cattle and pork associations in the U.S. and Canada, claims the rule violates the U.S. Constitution. The lawsuit also alleges the rule violates the 2008 farm bill because the requirement is much broader than the law intended.

</section>

---

New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie (R) prides himself on his <a href="http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2009/12/nj_budget_statehouse_cuts_memo.html" target="_hplink">record of fighting pork</a> in the state legislature. But he's never taken that mandate as literally as he did Thursday, when he vetoed a bill that would have banned the use of gestation crates on pig farms in New Jersey.

The bill, S. 1921, passed the state Assembly by a vote of 60 to 5 and the state Senate by a vote of 29 to 4 in May, with both Democrats and Republicans supporting the effort to prohibit farmers from using any confinement method that would prevent pigs from turning around or laying down. A poll taken in the state showed that 89 percent of voters <a href="http://hsus.pr-optout.com/ViewAttachment.aspx?EID=YLcFBQAFvKtAxfqjomDqVCYoQxAUyRQ3tGg2xm%2bSBmw%3d" target="_hplink">were in favor of Christie signing the measure into law</a> [pdf].

The bill's passage was hailed by animal rights groups, such as <a href="http://www.humanesociety.org/news/press_releases/2013/05/NJ-senate-passes-pig-protection-bill-051313.html" target="_hplink">the Humane Society of the United States</a>, as an important symbolic victory for their movement. Though major buyers, such as McDonald's and Smithfield Foods, have recently announced plans to stop buying pork from farmers that use gestation crates, 83 percent of American pigs still spend some time in them, and their use remains legal in 41 states, including all the major pork-producing states. Recent efforts to pass such legislation in four other states have failed, though a bill remains on the table in Massachusetts.

But agricultural interest groups have been <a href="http://www.northplattebulletin.com/index.asp?show=news&action=readStory&storyID=25521&pageID=29" target="_hplink">pressuring Christie's office</a> to veto the bill for the past six weeks. They argued that gestation crates are not only the cheapest method of raising sows, but also the best for their health, because they allow the farmer total control over the animals' upbringing. And on Thursday, Christie sided with the hog farmers.

In <a href="http://big.assets.huffingtonpost.com/gestationcrates.pdf" target="_hplink">his statement on the decision</a> [pdf], he noted that "neither the American Veterinary Medical Association nor the American Association of Swine Veterinarians advocates" banning the use of gestation crates, and suggested that the legislature continue to take its cues on animal welfare from the state's Department of Agriculture, which opposed the bill.

The National Pork Producer's Council applauded Christie's veto. "It's important that these things are defeated, because we don't need outside groups telling farmers how to raise their animals," spokesman Mark Warner told The Huffington Post.

It's unclear what practical impact the veto will have on animal welfare, if any. New Jersey is among the smallest hog-farming states in the country, with <a href="http://nationalhogfarmer.com/site-files/nationalhogfarmer.com/files/archive/nationalhogfarmer.com/images/NHF_SOIReport__2011.pdf" target="_hplink">just 700 pigs residing in the Garden State</a> [pdf]. Still, animal rights advocates were unequivocal in their denunciation of Christie's veto.

"From our perspective, even one gestation crate is too many," said ASPCA attorney Debora Bresch, who lobbied for the bill in New Jersey.

"It seems odd that anyone would want to be on the side of such a barbaric practice," added Bruce Friedrich, senior advocacy director at Farm Sanctuary. "When you compare badly on animal welfare with Smithfield and McDonald's, you might want to reconsider your position."

Friedrich chalked Christie's rejection of the gestation crate ban up to his busy schedule. "My suspicion is that the governor didn't fully consider the issue. He's had an awful lot on his plate recently," he said.

Though the pork lobby was among the groups that allegedly encouraged Christie to veto the bill, New Jersey pig farmers aren't necessarily thrilled about it.

Michael Clampffer of Mosefund Farm is one of the biggest hog farmers in the state; he raises 150 heritage breed pigs on 15 acres of land in Sussex County. He has never used a gestation crate and says he never would. "It's inhumane," he explained. "It's not good for the animals. They like to be outdoors, rooting around in the mud and basking in the sun."

He worries that the continued legality of gestation crates in New Jersey could make it hard to market his pork.

"This is one of the big black marks in people's minds about pork, that the animals aren't raised well," he said. "This bill could have changed that in New Jersey. Vetoing it strikes me as detrimental to the movement of eating local and sustainable."

Yet Warner, of the National Pork Producer's Council, insisted that the veto is an important deterrent to future efforts to ban gestation crates in larger pork-producing states, such as Iowa. He said that discontinuing the use of gestation crates would require farmers to dedicate more space and labor to each sow, increasing the cost of pork.

And that, he said, is a central motive of groups like the Humane Society: "That's part of their goal -- to reduce the amount of meat we eat."

==

1980 coors etc spearheaded Sagebrush Rebellion (corp and rw) turned ctt into pol

power 25 RR: I am a S rebel"  Heritage shadow cabinet, 2k pp Mandate for Change

became blueprint (Coors in kitchen cab).  Coors picked assoc Anne Gorsuch for epa;

hubby cattle baron to head BLM, tho had declared to shut it  25

pork WU from goon followed rfk2, threatened rfk2

leopold ctr for family farm attended rfk2 talk on water, got funding cut 85%

small farmers build hog house to spc, own only the shit; Missouri and Illin

illegal to foto fac farml  13 states veggie libel laws  71

Am Farm Bur lobby front

Fed judge said animal fac needed water permit like any other fac; JG called mtg w/

ind and Mercatus  bd member was partn in McGuire Woods LLP, in the suit.  Merc

wrote plan, sent to epa ok'd by ex Farm Bur Adam Sharp --> build hog house to spc,

own only the shit; they make almost no $, so no one to sue when pollute w. shit;

write own shit mgmt plan w/ no public; even weak rules weakend more, shit

relgated to states; only tool for small fartmers ~ int' corp gone 74 ~TJ vision.

epa sci govt reprisals for dioxin sludge fertilizer 87  dept of agr superbugs from

hog farms ordered not to publish or talk; resigned.

--

cafo killed billion fish 1991 in NCaro; after Hurr Floyd kiled 30k hogs? and spread sludge, epa cleaning up, than b2 granted immun from CWA, CAA and superfund in ret for small # to vol mon

===

<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Meat%26_dairy_industry">http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Meat%26_dairy_industry</a>

<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Smithfield_Foods">http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Smithfield_Foods</a>

<div class="byline environment" style=""><a href="http://www.alternet.org">AlterNet</a> [1] / By <a href="http://www.alternet.org/authors/martha-rosenberg">Martha Rosenberg</a> [2]</div>

<h1 class="node-title">6 Horrifying Things About Pork Everyone Should Know</h1>

</div>

<div>

<div>You know things are bad in the pork industry when the whistleblowers aren't animal rights activists, but the government itself. In May, the US Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Office of the Inspector General exposed extreme sanitation and humane violations in 30 US swine slaughterhouses it visited and in records of 600 other US <a href="http://www.usda.gov/oig/webdocs/24601-0001-41.pdf">plants slaughtering pigs.</a> [3]</div>

</div>

<div>

"During FYs 2008 to 2011, FSIS [Food Safety and Inspection Service, the regulatory agency within USDA] issued 44,128 noncompliance records (NRs) to 616 plants; only 28 plants were suspended, even though some plants repeated violations as egregious as fecal matter on previously cleaned carcasses," says the Office of the Inspector General report. "In one plant, flies hovered over an area where blood was being collected to be sold for human consumption" (for products like blood sausage and blood soup). Twenty-two of the 28 plants that were actually suspended were allow to "continue to operate within a short period--some as little as one day after suspension," says the report. There's a deterrent for you.

This is not the first time the USDA Office of the Inspector General has sounded the safety alarm about the meat supply. A 2010 report warned that farmers were feeding drug-laced milk, <a href="http://www.usda.gov/oig/webdocs/24601-08-KC.pdf">banned for human consumption, to calves. </a> [4]"When the calves are slaughtered, the drug residue from the feed or milk remains in their meat, which is then sold to consumers." Two years earlier, an OIG report warned that USDA officials "believed the sanitizer spray was sufficient" to kill the prions that spread Mad Cow <a href="http://www.usda.gov/oig/webdocs/24601-07-KC.pdf">disease.</a> [5] Prions are not inactivated by cooking, heat, autoclaves, ammonia, bleach, hydrogen peroxide, alcohol, phenol, lye, formaldehyde, or radiation!

The OIG swine report comes as US regulators consider the proposed acquisition of 87-year-old, Virginia-based Smithfield foods by Shuanghui International. If approved, the $4.7 billion deal would be the biggest takeover of any US firm, not just a food company, <a href="http://dealbook.nytimes.com/2013/05/29/smithfield-to-be-sold-to-shuanghui-group-of-china/">by a Chinese company</a> [6]. Some worry Smithfield will suffer from China's scandal-ridden food climate in which thousands of pig carcasses were recently seen in a river that supplies Shanghai's drinking water and rat meat was <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-22467484">billed as lamb. </a> [7](And don't forget the US pet dogs killed from tainted <a href="http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/money/industries/2007-04-26-pet-food-china_N.htm">Chinese dog food in 2007.)</a> [8] But others say the US hog industry has managed to eliminate all wholesomeness, purity, ethics and animal welfare without China's help.

Here are some of its worst features.

1. Diseased Animals

You don't have to be a mathematician to conclude that if a plant slaughters 19,000 pigs a day, the line moves pretty fast. OIG officials write that "Inspectors are required to check 'the head, tail, tongue, thymus gland, and all viscera of each animal slaughtered . . . [and to] observe and palpate the mesenteric lymph nodes' as well as 'grasp, turn, and observe both sides of the kidneys' to find parasites, inflammation, swelling, or masses that might indicate disease."

But some inspectors are sleeping on the job, says the report. Two inspectors who failed to palpate kidneys and lymph nodes said they were "distracted," a third had a "history of performance issues," according to the plant and a fourth was "new." Another risk is a new plan called HACCP Inspection Models Project that stresses microbiological tests on a sampling of carcasses rather than visual checks on all animals. (HACCP has been called a gift to industry from regulators.) "We question whether this is a better measure for food safety," says the report because it can't catch "tuberculosis nodules embedded within the lymph nodes, parasites within the intestine, and inflamed or degenerated organs that are unusually sticky to the touch or excessively firm." Yum.

2. Filth

When it comes to filth,The Jungle, the turn-of-the-century muckraking novel about Chicago slaughterhouses that drove the first meat safety laws, is still the law of the land. One slaughter plant visited by OIG officials received repeat citations for violations  like "fecal contamination on a hog after the final trim," "grease  smears" or "black colored liquid substance" on processed meat; and 43 repeat violations for "pest control problems, such as cockroaches on the kill floor."

At a different plant, an inspector "observed yellow fibrous fecal material on the left hind foot of one carcass" which had "moved past the plant's quality control employees without being detected." At still another plant, an inspector neglected to mark a tray of viscera "inedible" that had been contaminated "when a plant employee cut through the rectum while removing the viscera for inspection." What are slaughterhouse conditions like when OIG inspectors are not present, the reports asks repeatedly, since their presence was well known to plant managers during their visits.

3. Environmental Blight

In 2006, Rolling Stone magazine ran an exposé about Smithﬁeld hog operations with a photo of a mountain of dead, pink pigs, <a href="http://www.globalresearch.ca/pork-s-dirty-secret-the-nation-s-top-hog-producer-is-also-one-of-america-s-worst-polluters/13479">that many still remember.</a> [9] The liquid in the infamous "holding ponds" of manure on hog farms is not brown, wrote author Jeff Tietz-- it is actually pink thanks to the "interactions between the bacteria and blood and afterbirths and stillborn piglets and urine and excrement and chemicals and drugs." To alleviate swelling lagoons, workers sometimes "spray the waste on surrounding ﬁelds, which results in what the industry daintily refers to as ‘overapplication.’ This can turn hundreds of acres--thousands of football ﬁelds--into shallow mud puddles of pig shit. Tree branches drip with pig shit," wrote Tietz.

In 2004, the Chicago Tribune’s Andrew Martin reported similar sanitation horrors at the HKY Farm in Bloomﬁeld, <a href="http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2004-03-24/news/0403240261_1_large-hog-farms-pig-feed-manure">Nebraska.</a> [10] "Dozens of dead piglets are dumped in piles or encased in pools of manure beneath the ﬂoor, having drowned there after falling through a hole," he wrote. "Dead hogs remain in their cages, discarded and stiff in walkways or rotting in pens as other pigs gnaw at their carcasses."

4. Drugs: Not On the Label, But In the Meat

Veterinary drugs given to animals on factory farms whether antibiotics, antiparasite and fungal drugs, vaccines, heavy metals and additives in feed (to impart color to meat) or growth promoters do not appear on labels.  But one drug used in 45 percent of US pigs since 1999 to promote leanness is especially worrisome. Unlike most veterinary drugs which have to be withdrawn before slaughter, ractopamine is begun in the days before slaughter <a href="http://www.alternet.org/story/145503/why_has_the_fda_allowed_a_drug_marked_%27not_safe_for_use_in_humans%27_to_be_fed_to_livestock_right_before_slaughter">and never withdrawn.</a> [11]

Three years after ractopamine's approval, the FDA accused its manufacturer Elanco, Eli Lilly’s animal subsidiary, of withholding information about "safety and effectiveness" and "adverse animal drug experiences." Elanco, said the FDA in a 14-page warning letter, failed to report furious farmers phoning the company about "dying animals," "downer pigs," animals "down and shaking," "hyperactivity," and "vomiting after eating feed with Paylean [ractopamine]."

In 2009, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) termed ractopamine a cardiac stimulator capable of causing undue stress and <a href="http://www.opednews.com/articles/Who-Says-It-s-Not-Safe-US-by-Martha-Rosenberg-121211-703.html">health risks in animals.</a> [12] The journal Talanta said there was, "potential hazard for human and animal health." And a report from Ottawa’s Bureau of Veterinary Drugs says that rats fed ractopamine developed a constellation of birth defects like cleft palate, protruding tongue, short limbs, missing digits, open eyelids, and enlarged heart.

5. Strange Scientific Phenomena

In the US hog industry, animals live under such unnatural conditions and are treated with so many drugs, scientific phenomenon are developing that actually baffle scientists. In 2007 and 2008, 24 workers at Quality Pork Producers (QPP) in Austin, Minnesota, Indiana Packers Corp. in Delphi, Indiana and Hormel Foods Corp. in Fremont, Nebraska came down with a mysterious autoimmune disease doctors dubbed Progressive Inflammatory <a href="http://www.counterpunch.org/2009/02/11/don-t-breathe-the-meat/">Neuropathy or PIN</a> [13]. All employees had jobs using compressed air to turn hog brains into a slurry for the overseas food markets and were exposed to<a href="http://www.counterpunch.org/2009/02/11/don-t-breathe-the-meat/">aerosolized brains. </a> [13]PIN caused tingling and numbness of the limbs and progressive weakness sometimes leading to wheelchairs, hospitalization and paralysis. Some PIN patients stabilized or improved but others didn't. One worker improved after a period of rehabilitation, reported a medical journal but "a few months after returning to work developed the polyradicular pattern experienced by other workers," and relapsed.

Meanwhile, in the last few years, a foam-like "gray bubbly substance" has appeared on top of hog manure in factory size hog farms, reports<a href="http://www.motherjones.com/tom-philpott/2013/05/menace-manure-foam-still-haunting-huge-hog-farms"> Mother Jones </a> [14]and has caused at least six explosions and a fire that took many animals' lives. Scientists cannot explain the foam, which grows to a thickness of up to four feet and pulsates with apparent microbial activity. It sounds like something that would be grown in a test tube--except that the test tube is the size of a factory farm.

6. Cruel Slaughter

You can't talk about slaughterhouses without talking about cruelty. The Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1958 was passed to prevent excessive cruelty to animals and requires that they be made insensitive to pain before being "shackled, hoisted, thrown, cast or cut." Whether or not an animal is properly stunned and insensible to pain is easy to determine, writes Temple Grandin, the animal expert in her<a href="http://www.grandin.com/references/humane.slaughter.html">"Animal Welfare and Humane Slaughter guidelines.</a> [15]" A properly stunned animal will not vocalize, kick, flop its head, exhibit rhythmic breathing or blink and if it does, it needs to be restunned, says Grandin. Of course whistleblower and newspapers reports often show that stunning is a detail lost in cut rate production.

And so does the May OIG report. "An inspector observed an attempt to stun a hog with a captive bolt gun," it reads. "It appeared to misfire and became lodged in the hog’s skull. The hog remained conscious and aware while the plant sent for another gun, which was about 2 minutes away.  The second gun also appeared to misfire causing the hog to squeal, but it remained conscious and aware.  The hog then managed to dislodge the first gun from its skull.  Ultimately, a portable electric stunner had to be used to successfully render the hog unconscious." The incident was one of several violations of the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act described in the OIG report. The plant was not suspended.

</div>

<div class="tags" style="">See more stories tagged with:

<div class="field-item odd"><a href="http://www.alternet.org/tags/bacon">bacon</a> [17],</div>

<div class="field-item even"><a href="http://www.alternet.org/tags/hog-industry">hog industry</a> [18]</div>

</div>

<div class="print-source_url" style="">Source URL: <a href="http://www.alternet.org/food/bacon-hog-farm">http://www.alternet.org/food/bacon-hog-farm</a></div>

Links:

[1] http://www.alternet.org

[2] http://www.alternet.org/authors/martha-rosenberg

[3] http://www.usda.gov/oig/webdocs/24601-0001-41.pdf

[4] http://www.usda.gov/oig/webdocs/24601-08-KC.pdf

[5] http://www.usda.gov/oig/webdocs/24601-07-KC.pdf

[6] http://dealbook.nytimes.com/2013/05/29/smithfield-to-be-sold-to-shuanghui-group-of-china/

[7] http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-22467484

[8] http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/money/industries/2007-04-26-pet-food-china_N.htm

[9] http://www.globalresearch.ca/pork-s-dirty-secret-the-nation-s-top-hog-producer-is-also-one-of-america-s-worst-polluters/13479

[10] http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2004-03-24/news/0403240261_1_large-hog-farms-pig-feed-manure

[11] http://www.alternet.org/story/145503/why_has_the_fda_allowed_a_drug_marked_'not_safe_for_use_in_humans'_to_be_fed_to_livestock_right_before_slaughter

[12] http://www.opednews.com/articles/Who-Says-It-s-Not-Safe-US-by-Martha-Rosenberg-121211-703.html

[13] http://www.counterpunch.org/2009/02/11/don-t-breathe-the-meat/

[14] http://www.motherjones.com/tom-philpott/2013/05/menace-manure-foam-still-haunting-huge-hog-farms

[15] http://www.grandin.com/references/humane.slaughter.html

[16] http://www.alternet.org/tags/pork

[17] http://www.alternet.org/tags/bacon

[18] http://www.alternet.org/tags/hog-industry

[19] http://www.alternet.org/%2Bnew_src%2B

water:

<a href="http://www.nrdc.org/issues">Environmental Issues</a> > <a href="http://www.nrdc.org/water/default.asp">Water Main Page</a> > <a href="http://www.nrdc.org/documents.asp?topicid=3">All Water Documents</a>

<h1>Facts about Pollution from Livestock Farms</h1>

</div>

Giant livestock farms, which can house hundreds of thousands of pigs, chickens, or cows, produce vast amounts of manure, often generating the waste equivalent of a small city. A problem of this nature and scale is tough to imagine, and pollution from livestock farms seriously threatens humans, fish and ecosystems. Below are facts and statistics that tell the story.

<h2 style="">Livestock pollution and public health</h2>

<li>California officials identify agriculture, including cows, as the major source of nitrate pollution in more than 100,000 square miles of polluted groundwater.

</li>

<li>In 1996 the Centers for Disease Control established a link between spontaneous abortions and high nitrate levels in Indiana drinking water wells located close to feedlots.

</li>

<li>High levels of nitrates in drinking water also increase the risk of methemoglobinemia, or "blue-baby syndrome," which can kill infants.

</li>

<li>Animal waste contains disease-causing pathogens, such as Salmonella, E. coli, Cryptosporidium, and fecal coliform, which can be 10 to 100 times more concentrated than in human waste. More than 40 diseases can be transferred to humans through manure.

</li>

<li>Manure from dairy cows is thought to have contributed to the disastrous Cryptosporidium contamination of Milwaukee's drinking water in 1993, which killed more than 100 people, made 400,000 sick and resulted in $37 million in lost wages and productivity.

</li>

<li>In this country, roughly 29 million pounds of antibiotics -- about 80 percent of the nation's antibiotics use in total -- are added to animal feed every year, mainly to speed livestock growth. This widespread use of antibiotics on animals contributes to the rise of resistant bacteria, making it harder to treat human illnesses.

</li>

<li>Large hog farms emit hydrogen sulfide, a gas that most often causes flu-like symptoms in humans, but at high concentrations can lead to brain damage. In 1998, the National Institute of Health reported that 19 people died as a result of hydrogen sulfide emissions from manure pits.</li>

</ul>

<h2 style="">Livestock pollution and water pollution</h2>

<li>Huge open-air waste lagoons, often as big as several football fields, are prone to leaks and spills. In 1995 an eight-acre hog-waste lagoon in North Carolina burst, spilling 25 million gallons of manure into the New River. The spill killed about 10 million fish and closed 364,000 acres of coastal wetlands to shellfishing.

</li>

<li>In 2011, an Illinois hog farm spilled 200,000 gallons of manure into a creek, killing over 110,000 fish.

</li>

<li>In 2012, a California dairy left over 50 manure covered cow carcasses rotting around its property and polluting nearby waters.

</li>

<li>When Hurricane Floyd hit North Carolina in 1999, at least five manure lagoons burst and approximately 47 lagoons were completely flooded.

</li>

<li>Runoff of chicken and hog waste from factory farms in Maryland and North Carolina is believed to have contributed to outbreaks of Pfiesteria piscicida, killing millions of fish and causing skin irritation, short-term memory loss and other cognitive problems in local people.

</li>

<li>Nutrients in animal waste cause algal blooms, which use up oxygen in the water, contributing to a "dead zone" in the Gulf of Mexico where there's not enough oxygen to support aquatic life. The dead zone fluctuates in size each year, extending a record 8,500 square miles during the summer of 2002 and stretching over 7,700 square miles during the summer of 2010.

</li>

<li>Ammonia, a toxic form of nitrogen released in gas form during waste disposal, can be carried more than 300 miles through the air before being dumped back onto the ground or into the water, where it causes algal blooms and fish kills.</li>

</ul>

<h2 style="">The growth of factory farms</h2>

<li>From 1980 to 2011, the number of hog operations in the U.S. dropped from 666,000 to roughly 69,000, yet the number of hogs sold remains almost the same.

</li>

<li>About 70% of U.S. beef cattle come from farms with at least 5,000 head of cattle.

</li>

<li>Ten large companies produce more than 90 percent of the nation's poultry.</li>

</ul>

<h3>Related NRDC Webpages:</h3>

<h4><a href="http://www.nrdc.org/water/pollution/nspills.asp">Pollution from Giant Livestock Farms Threatens Public Health</a></h4>

</div>

<h4><a href="http://www.nrdc.org/water/pollution/cesspools/cessinx.asp">NRDC Report: Cesspools of Shame: How Factory Farm Lagoons and Sprayfields Threaten Environmental and Public Health</a></h4>

</div>

last revised 2/21/2013

=

<h1 class="title-blog">First Ag-Gag, Now the Name Game</h1>

<div class="blog_padding relative" data-beacon="{" p="p" mnid="mnid" entrybyline="entrybyline" style=" padding-top: 15px;">Posted: 05/01/2013 5:30 pm</div>

</div>

Industrialized animal agribusiness is facing a crisis, and its leaders, having failed to accept that factory farming practices are actually at the root of the problem, are frantically looking in every direction for quick fixes. While they procrastinate, they are only digging a deeper hole for themselves.

Stunned by repeated whistleblowing exposés revealing inhumane treatment of animals throughout the meat, egg and dairy industries, big ag lobbyists are working to enact <a href="http://www.humanesociety.org/issues/campaigns/factory_farming/fact-sheets/ag_gag.html" target="_hplink">"ag-gag" laws</a> criminalizing these undercover investigations. In short, they're working to prevent Americans from finding out about animal abuse, rather than working to prevent the abuse. They may not be literally shooting the messenger, but they do want to imprison her.

Similarly, a <a href="http://www.porknetwork.com/pork-news/latest/Commentary-by-Linden-Olson-Words-204219211.html" target="_hplink">new and revealing column</a> by pork industry veteran Linden Olson unashamedly advises fellow producers to simply change the way they talk about their most abusive practices, rather than changing the practices themselves.

For example, a standard pork industry practice is to lock breeding pigs -- 500-pound, social, intelligent animals -- inside two-foot-wide cages where they're immobilized, unable even to turn around for nearly their entire lives. Nine states have outlawed these cages and more than 50 of the world's largest food companies are in the process of banning them from their pork supply chains. But rather than encourage producers to embrace animal welfare reforms, such as using higher-welfare practices already utilized by many family farmers, Olson's recommendation is simply to stop calling the cages "gestation crates" -- which they've been called for decades -- and start referring to them as "individual maternity pens." Here again, we see agribusiness fail to understand the root of its crisis.

According to Olson, it's not just extreme confinement practices that need an extreme makeover: The industry "harvests" animals rather than slaughters them; animals are "neutered," rather than castrated without pain relief; and confinement barns in which animals never set foot on a blade of grass are really just "environmentally controlled housing."

Olson will likely find a sympathetic ear at the U.S. Farmers and Ranchers Alliance. In a <a href="http://feedstuffsfoodlink.com/story-ags-goto-messages-not-resonating-71-66622" target="_hplink">survey</a> it commissioned, pollsters found that the ag industry's go-to messages just aren't resonating with consumers. Rather than discussing what factory farming actually does to animals, the pollster simply "advised not going into a lot of detail about current practices when talking to consumers as it may generate more concern than necessary."

How much concern is "necessary," though, when billions of chickens, pigs, turkeys and other animals are raised in systems so inhumane, merely discussing it makes people uncomfortable enough that Orwellian euphemisms like "individual maternity pens" and "harvest" are being pushed as so-called solutions? How much concern is "necessary" when standard meat industry practices are so abusive that your industry wants to make it a crime simply to photograph them?

Big Ag is trying to do everything it can to keep Americans in the dark about how it abuses animals. Whether through ag-gag laws to prevent videos of animal abuse from surfacing or through playing the name game, this is an industry that knows it has a lot to hide.

After all, "one of the best things modern animal agriculture has going for it is that most people...haven't a clue how animals are raised and processed," wrote an editor of the Journal of Animal Science in an animal agriculture textbook. He aptly concluded, "For modern animal agriculture, the less the consumer knows about what's happening before the meat hits the plate, the better."

</div>

==

<a href="http://grist.org/news/manufacturers-of-pink-slime-sue-abc-for-reporting-on-pink-slime/">http://grist.org/news/manufacturers-of-pink-slime-sue-abc-for-reporting-on-pink-slime/</a>

South Dakota’s evocatively named Beef Products Inc., incorporated makers of beef products, is <a href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10000872396390444709004577649552576092254.html">suing ABC News</a> for economic damage wrought by the network’s use of the term “pink slime” to describe the slimy, pink filler material that BPI once proudly ginned up. Earlier this year, BPI announced that it was <a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/04/02/us-afafoods-bankruptcy-idUSBRE8310HX20120402">halting production of the horrifying concoction</a>, largely because people find the concept of finely mushed animal parts treated with ammonia to be unappealing. Or, as BPI sees it, because of ABC.

<blockquote style="">The company filed its lawsuit in a South Dakota state court seeking at least $1.2 billion in damages under a state law that gives agricultural companies the ability to sue when their products are criticized.</blockquote>

===

opposition to worker safety, w/ Kraft

<a href="http://www.alternet.org/story/154775/why_are_people_dying_to_bring_you_dinner_the_shocking_facts_about_our_food_system">http://www.alternet.org/story/154775/why_are_people_dying_to_bring_you_dinner_the_shocking_facts_about_our_food_system</a>

---

In 1998, television talk-show host <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey" title="Oprah Winfrey">Oprah Winfrey</a> and one of her guests, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Lyman" title="Howard Lyman">Howard Lyman</a>, were involved in a lawsuit surrounding the Texas version of a food libel law known as the False Disparagement of Perishable Food Products Act of 1995, for a 1996 episode of her show in which the two made disparaging comments about beef in relation to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad_cow" title="Mad cow" class="mw-redirect">mad cow</a> scare. Although they were not the first people to be sued using this type of legal action, this case created a media sensation and is the example most people associate with food libel litigation.

These laws vary significantly from state to state, but food libel laws typically allow a food manufacturer or processor to sue a person or group who makes disparaging comments about their food products. In some states these laws also establish different standards of proof than are used in traditional American libel lawsuits, including the practice of placing the burden of proof on the party being sued.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_libel_laws#cite_note-3">[4]</a>

In a normal U.S. libel suit, the plaintiff must prove that the defendant is deliberately and knowingly spreading false information. Under the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> food disparagement law under which Winfrey and Lyman were sued, the plaintiffs — in this case, beef <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feedlot" title="Feedlot">feedlot</a> operator Paul Engler and the company Cactus Feeders — had to convince the jury that Lyman's statements on Winfrey's show were not "based on reasonable and reliable scientific inquiry, facts, or data."<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_libel_laws#cite_note-4">[5]</a> As a basis for the damages sought in the lawsuit, the plaintiffs noted that cattle futures dropped 10 percent the day after the episode, and that beef prices fell from 62 cents to 55 cents per pound.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_libel_laws#cite_note-5">[6]</a> Engler's attorneys argued that the rancher lost $6.7 million, and the plaintiffs sought to recoup total losses of more than $12 million.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_libel_laws#cite_note-6">[7]</a>

The jury in the case found that the statements by Winfrey and Lyman did not constitute libel against the cattlemen.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_libel_laws#cite_note-7">[8]</a> However, Winfrey no longer speaks publicly on the issue, going so far as to decline to make videotapes of the original interview available to enquiring journalists.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_libel_laws#cite_note-8">[9]</a>

==

<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/American_Meat_Institute"> http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/American_Meat_Institute</a>

The American Meat Institute (AMI) is national <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Trade_association" title="Trade association" class="mw-redirect">trade association</a> and <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Lobbying" title="Lobbying">lobbying</a> group which represents "companies that process 70 percent of U.S. meat and poultry and their suppliers throughout America." On its website AMI states that it "keeps its fingers on the pulse of legislation, regulation and media activity that impacts the meat and poultry industry and provides rapid updates and analyses to its members to help them stay informed." <a href="http://www.meatami.com/Template.cfm?Section=About_AMI&NavMenuID=577" class="external autonumber" title="http://www.meatami.com/Template.cfm?Section=About_AMI&NavMenuID=577" rel="nofollow">[1]</a>

<h2>Contents</h2>

[<a href="javascript:toggleToc()" class="internal" id="togglelink">hide</a>]</div>

<ul>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Meat_Institute#Personnel">1 Personnel</a>

<ul>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Meat_Institute#Executive_Committee_Members_.28accessed_September_2005.29">1.1 Executive Committee Members (accessed September 2005)</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Meat_Institute#Public_Affairs_staff">1.2 Public Affairs staff</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Meat_Institute#Contact">2 Contact</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Meat_Institute#Articles_.26_sources">3 Articles & sources</a>

<ul>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Meat_Institute#SourceWatch_resources">3.1 SourceWatch resources</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Meat_Institute#External_links">3.2 External links</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

</ul>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<h2 style="">Personnel</h2>

<h3 style="">Executive Committee Members (accessed September 2005)</h3>

Jim Anderson Marlen Research Corporation

<li>Rich Armstrong Sara Lee Food & Beverage</li>

<li>Van Ayvazian Boar's Head Provision Co., Inc.</li>

<li>Bill Barnette, III Greenwood Packing Plant</li>

<li>Tony Bayat CFS North America, Inc.</li>

<li>Greg Benedict Rosen Meat Group, Inc.</li>

<li>Dane Bernard Keystone Foods, L.L.C.</li>

<li>Ed Bleka Quantum Foods, Inc.</li>

<li>Dick Bond <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Tyson_Foods" title="Tyson Foods">Tyson Foods</a>, Inc. (Treasurer)</li>

<li>J. Patrick Boyle American Meat Institute (President & CEO)</li>

<li>Bill Brennan Iowa Lamb Corporation</li>

<li>Rod Brenneman Seaboard Farms, Inc.</li>

<li>Reed Brown Brown Packing Company</li>

<li>Bill Buckner <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Cargill" title="Cargill">Cargill</a>, Inc./<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Cargill" title="Cargill">Cargill</a> Meat Solutions Corp. (Vice Chairman)</li>

<li>John Butts Land O'Frost, Inc.</li>

<li>Tony Catelli Catelli Brothers, Inc.</li>

<li>Phil Clemens Hatfield Quality Meats</li>

<li>Ivo Cozzini Cozzini, Inc.</li>

<li>Doug Curtis, Curtis Packing Company</li>

<li>Henry Davis Greater Omaha Packing Co., Inc.</li>

<li>Tom Davis Specialty Foods Group, Inc.</li>

<li>Tim Day Bar-S Foods Co.</li>

<li>Michel Defenbau, Multivac, Inc.</li>

<li>Lou Eni Dietz & Watson, Inc.</li>

<li>Bill Fielding Creekstone Farms Premium Beef, LLC</li>

<li>Tom Fillippo, Devault Foods</li>

<li>A. J. Follenweider Swissland Packing Company</li>

<li>Jeff Freirich Julian Freirich Co.</li>

<li>Neil Genshaft Fresh Mark, Inc.</li>

<li>John Griffin Griffin Industries, Inc.</li>

<li>Joel Johnson Hormel Foods Corporation</li>

<li>Philip Jones Jones Dairy Farm</li>

<li>Gus Juengling, III Prestige Meat & Foods, Inc.</li>

<li>Bob Kessler, Jr. Kessler's, Inc.</li>

<li>Carl Kuehne American Foods Group</li>

<li>Chris Kunzler, III Kunzler & Company</li>

<li>Tom Leidy, Leidy's Inc.</li>

<li>Neal Leonard, L & H Packing Company</li>

<li>Joe Luter, III, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Smithfield_Foods" title="Smithfield Foods">Smithfield Foods</a>, Inc.</li>

<li>Bo Manly Premium Standard Farms, Inc. (Vice Chairman)</li>

<li>Chris Mason, AEW THURNE Inc.</li>

<li>David McDonald OSI Industries, LLC</li>

<li>Ira Mendelson Murry's, Inc.</li>

<li>John Miller National Beef Packing Company, LLC</li>

<li>David Miniat Ed Miniat, Inc. (Secretary)</li>

<li>Tom Neese, Jr. Neese Country Sausage, Inc.</li>

<li>Ed Nelson Indiana Packers Corporation</li>

<li>Stewart Owens, Bob Evans Farms, Inc. (Immediate Past Chairman)</li>

<li>Larry Odom Odom's Tennessee Pride Sausage, Inc.</li>

<li>John Oedzes Brown Packing Co., Inc./Dutch Valley Veal</li>

<li>Stewart Prosser Cryovac Division, Sealed Air Corp.</li>

<li>Allen Purnell F.B. Purnell Sausage Company, Inc.</li>

<li>Robert Rebholtz President and CEO Agri Beef Company</li>

<li>Roger Reiser Robert Reiser & Co., Inc.</li>

<li>Tom Routh J.H. Routh Packing Company</li>

<li>Mike Rozanno Plumrose USA</li>

<li>Bill Rupp <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Cargill" title="Cargill">Cargill</a> Meat Solutions/Excel Corporation</li>

<li>T.J. Russell Cloverdale Foods Company</li>

<li>Rick Searer <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Kraft_Foods" title="Kraft Foods" class="mw-redirect">Kraft Foods</a> Global, Inc.</li>

<li>Alan Simon, Omaha Steaks International, Inc.</li>

<li>Lackey Stephens R.L. Zeigler Co., Inc.</li>

<li>Dwight Stiehl Rose Packing Company</li>

<li>Launa Stayer-Maloney Johnsonville Sausage</li>

<li>Dick Veale Harland M. Braun Co./Braun Export</li>

<li>Dennis D. Vignieri Kenosha Beef International, Ltd.</li>

<li>Norb Woodhams Pierre Foods, Inc.</li>

<li>Fritz Usinger Fred Usinger, Inc.</li>

</ul>

<h3 style="">Public Affairs staff</h3>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Janet_Riley" title="Janet Riley">Janet Riley</a> Senior Vice President Public Affairs and Professional Development</li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=David_Ray&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Ray (page does not exist)">David Ray</a> Vice President Public Affairs</li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Marie_E._DeLucia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marie E. DeLucia (page does not exist)">Marie E. DeLucia</a> Director Education and Professional Development</li>

</ul>

<h2 style="">Contact</h2>

AMI - American Meat Institute

1150 Connecticut Avenue, NW, 12th floor

Washington, DC 20036

Phone: 202-587-4200

Fax: 202-587-4300

Web: <a href="http://www.meatami.com/" class="external free" title="http://www.meatami.com/" rel="nofollow">http://www.meatami.com/</a>

<h2 style="">Articles & sources</h2>

<h3 style="">SourceWatch resources</h3>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Dioxin_in_US_beef" title="Dioxin in US beef">dioxin in US beef</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Mad_cow_disease" title="Mad cow disease">mad cow disease</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Processed_food_industry" title="Processed food industry">processed food industry</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry" title="Meat & Dairy industry">Meat & Dairy industry</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_Promotion_Coalition" title="Meat Promotion Coalition">Meat Promotion Coalition</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=War_on_Animals" title="War on Animals">War on Animals</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=U.S._Government%27s_War_on_Animals" title="U.S. Government's War on Animals">U.S. Government's War on Animals</a></li>

</ul>

<h3 style="">External links</h3>

<li>John Stauber, <a href="http://www.prwatch.org/node/4800" class="external text" title="http://www.prwatch.org/node/4800" rel="nofollow">Food Flack Nation Attacks Journalist Eric Schlosser</a>, PRWatch.com, May 11, 2006</li>

</ul>

<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Category:Animal_commerce" title="Category:Animal commerce">Animal commerce</a> | <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Category:Industry_lobby_groups" title="Category:Industry lobby groups">Industry lobby groups</a> | <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Category:Industry-funded_organizations" title="Category:Industry-funded organizations">Industry-funded organizations</a> | <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Category:Food_industry" title="Category:Food industry">Food industry</a> | <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Category:Agriculture" title="Category:Agriculture">Agriculture</a> | <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Category:United_States" title="Category:United States">United States</a>

Meat & dairy industry focuses on U.S. based, global animal agribusiness and its impact on trade, health and the environment. For government subsidies, see also <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=U.S.Government%27s_War_on_Animals" title="U.S. Government's War on Animals">U.S. Government's War on Animals</a>. For <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Animal_rights" title="Animal rights" class="mw-redirect">animal rights</a> and welfare issues, see also <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Animals_raised%26_hunted_for_food" title="Animals raised & hunted for food">animals raised & hunted for food</a>.

<h2>Contents</h2>

[<a class="internal" id="togglelink">hide</a>]</div>

<ul>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#Overview">1 Overview</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#Advertising.26_media">2 Advertising & media</a>

<ul>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#Got_milk.3F.26_milk_mustache_ad_campaigns">2.1 Got milk? & milk mustache ad campaigns</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#USDA.2C_HHS.27s_product_promotion.26_conflicts_of_interest">2.2 USDA, HHS's product promotion & conflicts of interest</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#The_milk_police">2.3 The milk police</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#Top_meat.2C_dairy.26_egg_companies_.26_purchasers">3 Top meat, dairy & egg companies & purchasers</a>

<ul>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#Organizations_that_support_CAFOs">3.1 Organizations that support CAFOs</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#CAFOs.2C_meat_processing.26_health_issues">4 CAFOs, meat processing & health issues</a>

<ul>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#Working_in.26_living_near_animal_factories">4.1 Working in & living near animal factories</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#Food_borne_illnesses">4.2 Food borne illnesses</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#Antibiotics.26_hormones">4.3 Antibiotics & hormones</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#EU_ban_on_hormones.26_imports_from_U.S..2FCanada">4.4 EU ban on hormones & imports from U.S./Canada</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#Waste_products_fed_to_farm_animals">4.5 Waste products fed to farm animals</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#Mad_cow_disease">4.6 Mad cow disease</a>

<ul>

<li class="toclevel-3"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#High_risk_meat_products">4.6.1 High risk meat products</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#Avian_flu.26_leucosis_.28chicken_cancer.29">4.7 Avian flu & leucosis (chicken cancer)</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#Swine_flu.26_pneumonia_in_factory_farmed_pigs">4.8 Swine flu & pneumonia in factory farmed pigs</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#International.28outsourcing_.26_Swine_flu.29">4.9 International (outsourcing & Swine flu)</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#Independent_reports">5 Independent reports</a>

<ul>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#Synopsis">5.1 Synopsis</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#Animal_products.26_health_issues">6 Animal products & health issues</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#Political_contributions">7 Political contributions</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#Articles.26_resources">8 Articles & resources</a>

<ul>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#SourceWatch_articles">8.1 SourceWatch articles</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#References">8.2 References</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#External_articles">8.3 External articles</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

</ul>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<h2 style="">Overview</h2>

Americans eat approximately 8 ounces of meat per day (about twice the global average). The U.S. slaughters approximately 10 billion animals a year or over 15% of the world's total (for 5% of the population). However, global demand has also multiplied in recent years due to rising affluence and Confined animal Feeding Operations (CAFO)s or factory farms. These "animal factories" consume vast amounts of energy, generate pollution and environmental damage. They require increasing amounts of corn, soy and grains which has led to wide spread destruction of rain forests. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-0" title="">[1]</a>

Between 1940 and 2007, the average amount of milk produced per cow rose from 2 to 10 tons per year. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-1" title="">[2]</a> In 2006, the U.S. dairy industry produced over 20 billion gallons of milk. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-2" title="">[3]</a> With the rise of technology at the end of the 19th century, dairy production from a regional to a nationwide industry. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-3" title="">[4]</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-4" title="">[5]</a> The need for such for an increase in milk production has been questioned, since the dairy industry has been overproducing for 60 years. Between the years 1986 and 1987, dairy farmers were paid over 1.3 billion dollars to slaughter their cows. 144 dairy producers received over one million apiece to refrain from dairy farming for five years (one California producer received 20 million dollars). However, according to the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=General_Accounting_Office" title="General Accounting Office" class="mw-redirect">General Accounting Office</a> (GAO), "Total milk production did not decrease because nonparticipating farmers increased their production". <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-5" title="">[6]</a>

<h2 style="">Advertising & media</h2>

<div class="thumbcaption">Fox News kills Monsanto rBGH milk story. - Steve Wilson & Jane Akre - September 2006</div>

</div>

<h3 style="">Got milk? & milk mustache ad campaigns</h3>

The Got Milk? ad campaign was created in 1993 by Goodby, Silverstein & Partners for the California Milk Processor Board, following a 20 year slump in sales. The slogan has been licensed to dairy boards across the United States since 1995. Got milk? has also been licensed to a range of consumer goods; including toys, teen apparel and kitchenware. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-6" title="">[7]</a> Goodby, Silverstein & Partners is a subsidiary of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Omnicom_Group" title="Omnicom Group">Omnicom Group</a>, the world's third largest advertising conglomerate.

One such dairy board is Dairy Management Inc., whose former campaigns include Milk. It does a body good. Heading up the DMI effort is Jeanne Sowa, a registered dietitian. Ms. Sowa previously worked for the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association" title="National Cattlemen's Beef Association">National Cattlemen's Beef Association</a> (NCBA) and was the coordinator of the Beef. It's what's for dinner ad campaign. Her DMI advertising budget is $106 million annually, which includes $42.4 million for milk and 18 million for cheese advertising. In contrast to Got Milk?, which is primarily marketed to children, the Milk Mustache campaign is aimed at young mothers and twenty-somethings. "What is a registered dietitian doing in charge of a $106 million dollar campaign to promote a product which causes a variety of health problems?" Dairy producers and affiliated companies spent $216 million on national advertising in 1996 (not including regional and local media outlets). <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-7" title="">[8]</a>

<h3 style="">USDA, HHS's product promotion & conflicts of interest</h3>

Got milk? was licensed to the National Milk Processor Board (MilkPEP) in 1998 to use in their celebrity print ads. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-8" title="">[9]</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-9" title="">[10]</a> This board was established by the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=U.S.Department_of_Agriculture" title="U.S. Department of Agriculture">U.S. Department of Agriculture</a>'s (USDA) Fluid Milk Promotion Act of 1990, to promote increased demands for fluid milk products. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-10" title="">[11]</a>

The milk mustache campaign <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-11" title="">[12]</a> began in 1996 with a budget of $110 million, which increased to $190 million in 1998. The force behind the campaign is National Milk Processor Board (Fluid Board) which is administered by the USDA. While the USDA does incur some administrative costs, these are supposed to be reimbursed by industry. The promotional activity consists of generic advertising and a smaller amount funneled into "research and educational activities". Ads have featured the Secretary of <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="Department of Health and Human Services">Department of Health and Human Services</a> (HHS), <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Donna_Shalala" title="Donna Shalala" class="mw-redirect">Donna Shalala</a> and even <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=President_Clinton" title="President Clinton" class="mw-redirect">President Clinton</a> in major magazines. According to an HHS spokesperson defending the ad against consumer groups, "no money was accepted and no ethics rules were breached". However, the same government agency charged with educating Americans about healthy eating is also promoting industry interests. It was considered a coup for the industry for the highest ranking government health official to endorse their product for free. In 1996, the USDA Economic Research Service reported that generic advertising raised fluid milk sales by approximately one billion pounds (4.4 %) between September of 1993 and August of 1994. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-12" title="">[13]</a>

<h3 style="">The milk police</h3>

In the fall of 1996, award-winning investigative journalists <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Steve_Wilson" title="Steve Wilson" class="mw-redirect">Steve Wilson</a> and <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Jane_Akre" title="Jane Akre" class="mw-redirect">Jane Akre</a> were hired by WTVT in Tampa, Florida to produce a series on rBGH. After over a year's work and three days before the series was scheduled to air, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a> executives received the first of two letters from <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Monsanto" title="Monsanto">Monsanto</a>'s lawyers. According to the letters, Monsanto would suffer "enormous damage" if the series ran. The second letter warned of "dire consequences" of the series was aired as it stood. (How Monsanto knew what was in the series, remains a mystery.) WTVT had been advertising the series aggressively, but canceled it at the last moment. According to Florida Court records, Fox's lawyers then attempted to water down the series, twice offering to pay the journalists to leave the station and keep quiet about what had been done to their work. The reporters refused and filed a lawsuit against WTVT on April 2, 1998.

The lawsuit charged that WTVT violated its license from the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a> (FCC), by demanding that the journalists include known falsehoods in the rBGH series. They also charged that WTVT violated Florida's <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Whistle_blower" title="Whistle blower" class="mw-redirect">whistle blower</a> law. On three separate occasions, Fox attempted to have the case summarily dismissed. However, after a five-week trial and six hours of deliberation ending on August 18, 2000, the jury unanimously determined that Fox "acted intentionally and deliberately to falsify or distort the plaintiffs' news reporting on BGH." They also found that Jane's threat to blow the whistle on Fox to the FCC, was the sole reason for their termination. She was awarded $425,000 in damages. On February 14, 2003, after six rejections by three different judges, Fox finally managed to win an appeal. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-13" title="">[14]</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-14" title="">[15]</a>

<h2 style="">Top meat, dairy & egg companies & purchasers</h2>

<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Tyson_Foods" title="Tyson Foods">Tyson Foods</a> became the world's largest poultry and red meat provider after buying Iowa Beef Processors, Inc. (IBP) in 2001. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-15" title="">[16]</a> Tyson controls 27% of all meat and poultry sales in the U.S. One out of every four pounds of chicken, beef and pork consumed in the U.S. is a Tyson product. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-16" title="">[17]</a> <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Smithfield_Foods" title="Smithfield Foods">Smithfield Foods</a> is the world's largest pork producer. Smithfield is the largest pig farming operation in the U.S. and a major producer abroad. Smithfield controls 26% of the U.S. pork market, raising 14 million pigs at it's facilities and killing 27 million of the 60 million that went to slaughter in 2006. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-17" title="">[18]</a> <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Cargill" title="Cargill">Cargill</a> is the second largest meat processing company in the U.S., after Tyson Foods. It is the second largest supplier of animal feed in the world. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-18" title="">[19]</a>

<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Willmar_Poultry_Company" title="Willmar Poultry Company">Willmar Poultry Company</a> is the largest turkey producer in the U.S. It produces over 45 million turkey poults (young birds) annually at its two hatcheries in Minnesota. The Willmar hatchery is the largest turkey hatchery in the industry and delivers over 600,000 poults weekly to customers. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-19" title="">[20]</a> <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Cal-Maine_Foods" title="Cal-Maine Foods">Cal-Maine Foods</a> is the largest egg producer in the U.S. In fiscal 2009, Cal-Maine sold approximately 778 million dozen shell eggs, representing approximately 18% of domestic shell egg consumption. The company's approximately 27 million laying hens and 6 million pullets and breeders is the largest concentration of chickens in the U.S.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-20" title="">[21]</a>

<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Nestle" title="Nestle" class="mw-redirect">Nestle</a> is the world's leading producer of dairy products.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-21" title="">[22]</a> <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Dean_Foods" title="Dean Foods" class="mw-redirect">Dean Foods</a> is the leading producer of fluid milk and dairy products in the United States and the second largest dairy company in the world. Dean Foods is second only to Nestle in terms of global dairy sales. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-22" title="">[23]</a>

<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=McDonalds" title="McDonalds" class="mw-redirect">McDonalds</a> is largest purchaser of beef and the second largest purchaser of poultry in the U.S. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-23" title="">[24]</a>

<h3 style="">Organizations that support CAFOs</h3>

Organizations that support CAFOs include member organizations of the Animal Industry Foundation; the American Veal Association, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association" title="National Cattlemen's Beef Association">National Cattlemen's Beef Association</a>, National Chicken Council, National Milk Producers Council, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Pork_Producers_Council" title="National Pork Producers Council">National Pork Producers Council</a>, National Turkey Federation, United Egg Producers, U.S. Poultry and Egg Association and the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Feed_Industry_Association" title="American Feed Industry Association">American Feed Industry Association</a>. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-24" title="">[25]</a> Also member organizations of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Meat_Institute" title="American Meat Institute">American Meat Institute</a>, the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_Promotion_Coalition" title="Meat Promotion Coalition">Meat Promotion Coalition</a>, the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Farm_Bureau_Federation" title="American Farm Bureau Federation">American Farm Bureau Federation</a> and the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Dairy_Council" title="National Dairy Council">National Dairy Council</a>. Other <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Industry-funded_organizations" title="Industry-funded organizations">industry-funded organizations</a> which support CAFO's include the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Veterinary_Medical_Association" title="American Veterinary Medical Association">American Veterinary Medical Association</a> (AVMA), the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Animal_Interest_Alliance" title="National Animal Interest Alliance">National Animal Interest Alliance</a> (NAIA) and the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Animal_Welfare_Council" title="Animal Welfare Council">Animal Welfare Council</a> (AWC). See also <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Processed_food_industry" title="Processed food industry">processed food industry</a>.

<h2 style="">CAFOs, meat processing & health issues</h2>

<div class="thumbcaption">CAFOs, food safety & Salmonella: HSUS Iowa investigation. - 2010</div>

</div>

<h3 style="">Working in & living near animal factories</h3>

Sows in gestation crates</div>

</div>

As many as 70 % of workers on CAFOs experience acute bronchitis and 25% contract chronic bronchitis. In one study, a number of other respiratory ailments were linked to working in indoor swine facilities for two hours a day over a period of six years. Some gases produced are fatal in high concentrations. In the U.S., at least 12 cases were documented over five years of workers dying from asphyxiation in manure pits.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-25" title="">[26]</a>

Residents of communities near hog farms also have increased respiratory problems. Studies have also shown a higher incidence of fatigue, depression and mood disturbances. A study in a Utah town found a four fold increase in diarrhea related hospitalizations and a three fold increase in respiratory related hospitalizations over a five years. During this time an industrial hog farm was constructed and started operating. Minnesota's Pollution Control Agency documented hydrogen sulfide concentrations in excess of <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a> (WHO) maximum exposure standards in areas near hog facilities. A 2006 study for two rural Iowa elementary schools, found a significant increase in asthma in children attending school near the CAFO.<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-26" title="">[27]</a>

<h3 style="">Food borne illnesses</h3>

Sow chained inside gestation crate</div>

</div>

Due to factory farm and slaughterhouse methods; there are risks of food borne illness in virtually all U.S. meats, dairy products and eggs. There are currently no requirements for testing for food borne illnesses due to lobbying by the meat and dairy industries. Cows are raised in huge feed lots the size of cities and become smeared with fecal matter and other filth. Slaughterhouse workers are under pressure to work at an ever increasing pace, sometimes being forced to kill and gut as many as 330 animals an hour. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-27" title="">[28]</a>

E. Coli bacteria can be found in up to 50% of U.S. cattle carcasses. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-28" title="">[29]</a> It has been estimated that 70% of of store brought chickens contain harmful bacteria. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-29" title="">[30]</a> and 90% of turkeys. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-30" title="">[31]</a>

Campylobacter is the leading cause of food-borne illness in the U.S. with the primary source being contaminated chicken flesh. Chicken warehouses may contain 50,000 birds. Antibiotics also make them vulnerable to disease as strains of bacteria become resistant. Approximately 5,000 people a day contract Campylobacter food poisoning every day in the U.S. Chickens in the U.S. are frequently infected with Salmonella, unlike European countries where livestock are treated more humanely and given more space, resulting in better health and fewer pathogens. According to Mitchell Cohen, M.D. of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Centers_for_Disease_Control" title="Centers for Disease Control" class="mw-redirect">Centers for Disease Control</a> (CDC), there are outbreaks of Salmonella related to almost every animal product, including poultry, beef, pork, eggs and dairy products.

Instead of addressing and correcting factory farm conditions which encourage disease, the U.S. meat industry uses irradiation or nuclear radiation to kill pathogens. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-31" title="">[32]</a>

<h3 style="">Antibiotics & hormones</h3>

Cows on rBGH</div>

</div>

In 2001, the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Union_of_Concerned_Scientists" title="Union of Concerned Scientists">Union of Concerned Scientists</a> (UCS) announced that antibiotics in factory farms account for the overwhelming majority of all antibiotic use in the country. Dr. Margaret Mellon, is author of the UCS's report on anti-biotic use in livestock and the director of their food and environment program. According to Dr. Mellon, her group "did not oppose using antibiotics to treat sick animals, but that it did oppose their use for promoting growth or preventing infections in healthy animals." According her report, U.S. livestock producers use about 24.6 million pounds of antibiotics annually for "nontherapeutic" purposes (growth promotion and disease prevention) as opposed to treatment of disease. The nontherapeutic total includes about 10.3 million pounds in hogs, 10.5 million pounds in poultry and 3.7 million pounds in cattle. By contrast, humans use approximately 3 millions pounds of antibiotics annually in the U.S. Figures from the report showed much higher figures for animals and much smaller figures for humans, than industry generated reports. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-32" title="">[33]</a> The UCS reports that antibiotics administered to livestock are approximately eight times the amount administered to people for illnesses. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-33" title="">[34]</a>

Over 90% of beef cattle in the U.S. receive hormones and in larger feedlots the figure is 100%, according to the NCBA. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-34" title="">[35]</a> The <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration" class="mw-redirect">Food and Drug Administration</a> (FDA) approved the use of recombinant bovine growth hormone (rbGH) being injected into cows on February 4th, 1994. Both Europe and Canada turned down <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Monsanto" title="Monsanto">Monsanto</a>'s application for rBGH approval. Developed and manufactured by Monsanto, this genetically engineered hormone forces cows to artificially increase milk production by 10 to 15 %. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-35" title="">[36]</a> Monsanto spent approximately half a billion dollars on a hormone to increase milk production (for an already glutted, taxpayer-subsidized market). Additionally, Posilac creates additional Growth Factor One (IGF-1) in milk (a growth hormone which is identical in cows and humans). IGF-1 is considered to be a fuel cell for cancer growth and has been identified in the rapid growth cancer. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-36" title="">[37]</a> Additionally, cows injected with rBGH also have a 25% increase in udder infections and a 50% increase in lameness. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-37" title="">[38]</a> Cows do not adapt well to high milk yields or their high grain diets. Metabolic disorders and infertility problems are also common. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-38" title="">[39]</a> According to Dr. Michael Hanson of the Consumers Union of the U.S., there is strong scientific evidence to support potential health hazards of rBGH and a case for labeling dairy products that contain rBGH. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-39" title="">[40]</a> See also <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=FDA" title="FDA" class="mw-redirect">FDA</a>.

<h3 style="">EU ban on hormones & imports from U.S./Canada</h3>

Veal farming</div>

</div>

Since 1995, the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> (EU) has prohibited the treatment of any farm animals with sex hormones, which includes a ban on hormone treated meat from the U.S. and Canada. The U.S. asserts that that hormone-treated meat is safe because "sex hormones only promote human cancers in hormone-sensitive tissues, such as the female breast and uterus". According to the U.S. there is a "threshold" for acceptable levels of hormones and U.S. agriculture is well regulated so as not to exceed them. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-40" title="">[41]</a> However, according to a 136 page report compiled by an EU scientific committee, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-41" title="">[42]</a> hormones are carcenogenic due to interference with DNA. Therefore, there is no safe threshold (except zero). <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-42" title="">[43]</a> See also <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=EU" title="EU" class="mw-redirect">EU</a>.

<h3 style="">Waste products fed to farm animals</h3>

The FDA finally banned the practice of feeding cow meat and bone meal back to cows in 1997 (after the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Mad_cow_disease" title="Mad cow disease">Mad cow disease</a> epidemic in Great Britain). However, dried poultry waste and sewage sludge are routinely fed to cattle. Pigs and chickens are still routinely fed the bones, brains, meat scraps, feathers, and feces of their own species. Furthermore, tens of millions of shelter animals are also picked up by rendering plants. Thus commercial meat, dairy, and egg products often come from animals whose diet included the ground up remains of cats and dogs, including the euthanasia drugs injected into their bodies. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-43" title="">[44]</a> 40 billion pounds a year of slaughterhouse wastes (blood, bone, viscera) and euthanized cats and dogs from veterinarians and animal shelters, are rendered annually into livestock feed. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-44" title="">[45]</a> Moreover, the FDA has been using inaccurate, incomplete, and unreliable data to track and oversee feed ban compliance. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-45" title="">[46]</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-46" title="">[47]</a>

Hens in battery cages</div>

</div>

<h3 style="">Mad cow disease</h3>

In 1996, in response to the revelation that young people in Britain were dying from variant <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Creutzfeldt-Jakob_Disease" title="Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease">Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease</a> (vCJD), the human equivalent of <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Mad_cow_disease" title="Mad cow disease">Mad cow disease</a>, the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a> (WHO) issued seven recommendations. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-47" title="">[48]</a> Numbers 5-7 were recommendations for further research and 1-4 were concrete recommendations. The United States continues to violate all four guide lines; number one being to stop feeding animals to other other. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-48" title="">[49]</a> See also <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=WHO" title="WHO" class="mw-redirect">WHO</a>.

<h4 style="">High risk meat products</h4>

In December of 2003 on NBC Today, USDA Secretary <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Ann_M._Veneman" title="Ann M. Veneman">Ann M. Veneman</a> insisted:

<dd>"all scientific evidence would show, based upon what we know about this disease, that muscle cuts -- that is, the meat of the animal itself -- should not cause any risk to human health." <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-49" title="">[50]</a></dd>

</dl>

However, according to a 2002 report from the GAO, products such as beef stock, beef extract and beef flavoring are frequently made from boiled skeletal remains (including the vertebral column) of the carcass. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-50" title="">[51]</a> Spinal cord contamination may also be found in hot dogs, hamburgers, pizza toppings and taco fillings. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-51" title="">[52]</a> According to a 2002 USDA survey of high risk meat products, approximately 35% contained central nervous system tissues. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-52" title="">[53]</a>,<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-53" title="">[54]</a>

Hens in battery cages</div>

</div>

<h3 style="">Avian flu & leucosis (chicken cancer)</h3>

According to a <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> (UN) report, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Avian_flu" title="Avian flu" class="mw-redirect">avian flu</a> can be traced to filthy, crowded, disease ridden factory farm conditions. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-54" title="">[55]</a> It has been estimated that in some chicken flocks; 90% are infected with chicken cancer (leukosis). <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-55" title="">[56]</a>

<h3 style="">Swine flu & pneumonia in factory farmed pigs</h3>

Due to dust, irritating fumes, toxic gases and bacteria build up in over crowded warehouses, most factory farmed pigs have respiratory distress (which also effects workers). Seventy to 80 % of U.S. pigs have pneumonia at the time of slaughter. Water routinely given to U.S. pigs is liquid wastes draining from manure pits. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-56" title="">[57]</a> See also <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Swine_flu" title="Swine flu">Swine flu</a> & <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Smithfield_Foods" title="Smithfield Foods">Smithfield Foods</a>.

<h3 style="">International (outsourcing & Swine flu)</h3>

See also <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Smithfield_Foods" title="Smithfield Foods">Smithfield Foods</a>, section 6.

<h2 style="">Independent reports</h2>

A report released on November 19, 2006 by the UN's Food & Agriculture Organization (FAO) entitled Live Stock's Long Shadow, determined that livestock generates 18% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions; more than all transportation (cars, trucks, ships and planes) combined. It was also found to be a major source of environmental damage.

<dd>"Livestock now use 30% of the earth’s entire land surface, mostly permanent pasture but also including 33% of the global arable land used to producing feed for livestock, the report notes. As forests are cleared to create new pastures, it is a major driver of deforestation, especially in Latin America where, for example, some 70% of former forests in the Amazon have been turned over to grazing." <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-57" title="">[58]</a></dd>

</dl>

However, according to a November 2009 report by the World Watch Institute, the environmental impact of animal agriculture has been vastly underestimated. In fact, it accounts for 51% of GHG emissions world wide or at least 32.6 billion tons of carbon dioxide per year. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-58" title="">[59]</a>

Organizations which have conducted and/or compiled independent studies and reports on health and environmental dangers of CAFO's include the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Pew_Charitable_Trust" title="Pew Charitable Trust" class="mw-redirect">Pew Charitable Trust</a> <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-59" title="">[60]</a>, the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Center_for_Science_in_the_Public_Interest" title="Center for Science in the Public Interest">Center for Science in the Public Interest</a> (CSPI) <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-60" title="">[61]</a> the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Sierra_Club" title="Sierra Club">Sierra Club</a> <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-61" title="">[62]</a>, the Breast Cancer Fund <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-62" title="">[63]</a> the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Union_of_Concerned_Scientists" title="Union of Concerned Scientists">Union of Concerned Scientists</a>. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-63" title="">[64]</a>, and the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Humane_Society_of_the_United_States" title="Humane Society of the United States">Humane Society of the United States</a> (compilation of 13 studies: 2006 - 2010).<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-64" title="">[65]</a>

Independent documentaries include, A River of Waste: The Hazardous Truth About Factory Farms, released in July of 2009. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-65" title="">[66]</a>

<h3 style="">Synopsis</h3>

For a synopsis of referenced data concerning the ecological and practical aspects of global animal agriculture, such as world food supply, see also Facts on Animal Farming and the Environment. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-66" title="">[67]</a>

<h2 style="">Animal products & health issues</h2>

See also <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Animal_products_%26_health_issues" title="Animal products & health issues">animal products & health issues</a>.

<h2 style="">Political contributions</h2>

The food industry gave congress over 41 million in campaign contributions in a recent ten year period, with over a third going to Senate and House agricultural committee members. During the same period, meat and poultry industries contributed over 9 million; the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Restaurant_Association" title="National Restaurant Association">National Restaurant Association</a> contributed over 3.1 million; the NCBA contributed over $1.4 million and McDonald's contributed almost 1.7 million dollars. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_note-67" title="">[68]</a>

<h2 style="">Articles & resources</h2>

<h3 style="">SourceWatch articles</h3>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Farm_Bureau_Federation" title="American Farm Bureau Federation">American Farm Bureau Federation</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">Biotechnology</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="Department of Health and Human Services">Department of Health and Human Services</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Eli_Lilly" title="Eli Lilly">Eli Lilly</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Environmental Protection Agency" class="mw-redirect">Environmental Protection Agency</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Global_Warming" title="Global Warming" class="mw-redirect">Global Warming</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Physicians_Committee_for_Responsible_Medicine" title="Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine">Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Policy_Directions_Inc." title="Policy Directions Inc.">Policy Directions Inc.</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Rockefeller_Foundation" title="Rockefeller Foundation">Rockefeller Foundation</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Sierra_Club" title="Sierra Club">Sierra Club</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=U.S._Department_of_Agriculture" title="U.S. Department of Agriculture">U.S. Department of Agriculture</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=U.S._Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="U.S. Food and Drug Administration">U.S. Food and Drug Administration</a></li>

<li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Weston_A._Price_Foundation" title="Weston A. Price Foundation">Weston A. Price Foundation</a></li>

</ul>

<h3 style="">References</h3>

<li id="cite_note-0"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-0" title="">↑</a> Mark Bittman <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/27/weekinreview/27bittman.html?r=1" class="external text" title="http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/27/weekinreview/27bittman.html?_r=1" rel="nofollow">Rethinking the Meat-Guzzler</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=New_York_Times" title="New York Times">New York Times</a>, January 2008</li>

<li id="cite_note-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-1" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.epa.gov/oecaagct/ag101/printdairy.html" class="external text" title="http://www.epa.gov/oecaagct/ag101/printdairy.html" rel="nofollow">Ag 101: Dairy Production</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Environmental Protection Agency" class="mw-redirect">Environmental Protection Agency</a>, accessed January 2009</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-2" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.dairyfarmingtoday.org/DairyFarmingToday/Learn-More/Facts-And-Figures" class="external text" title="http://www.dairyfarmingtoday.org/DairyFarmingToday/Learn-More/Facts-And-Figures" rel="nofollow">Fact & Figures</a>, Dairy Farming Today, 2009</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-3" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.epa.gov/oecaagct/ag101/dairybackground.html" class="external text" title="http://www.epa.gov/oecaagct/ag101/dairybackground.html" rel="nofollow">Background of Dairy Production in the U.S.</a>, EPA, accessed January 2009</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-4" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.sustainabletable.org/issues/dairy/" class="external text" title="http://www.sustainabletable.org/issues/dairy/" rel="nofollow">The Issues: Dairy</a>, Sustainable Table, September 2008</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-5" title="">↑</a> James Bovard <a href="http://www.cato.org/pubs/briefs/bp-013.html" class="external text" title="http://www.cato.org/pubs/briefs/bp-013.html" rel="nofollow">Our Next Criminal Class: Milk Bootleggers</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Cato_Institute" title="Cato Institute">Cato Institute</a>, June 1991</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-6" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.americola.com/sites/Got_Milk%3F" class="external text" title="http://www.americola.com/sites/Got_Milk%3F" rel="nofollow">Got Milk?</a>, Americola, accessed February 2009</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-7" title="">↑</a> Michele Simon <a href="http://www.appetiteforprofit.com/docs/dairy_industry_propaganda.html" class="external text" title="http://www.appetiteforprofit.com/docs/dairy_industry_propaganda.html" rel="nofollow">Dairy Industry Propaganda: Tale of Two Mega-Campaigns</a>, Vegan.com, April 1999</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-8" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.americola.com/sites/Got_Milk%3F" class="external text" title="http://www.americola.com/sites/Got_Milk%3F" rel="nofollow">Got Milk?</a>, Americola, accessed February 2009</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-9" title="">↑</a> Douglas B. Holt, Professor of Marketing, Oxford <a href="http://www.aef.com/on_campus/classroom/case_histories/3000" class="external text" title="http://www.aef.com/on_campus/classroom/case_histories/3000" rel="nofollow">Got Milk?</a>, Advertising Educational Foundation, 2002</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-10" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/ams.printData.do?template=printPage&navID=&page=printPage&dDocId=STELPRDC5072596&dID=100795&wf=false&docTitle=USDA+Seeks+Nominations+for+National+Fluid+Milk+Board+" class="external text" title="http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/ams.printData.do?template=printPage&navID=&page=printPage&dDocId=STELPRDC5072596&dID=100795&wf=false&docTitle=USDA+Seeks+Nominations+for+National+Fluid+Milk+Board+" rel="nofollow">USDA Seeks Nominations for National Fluid Milk Board</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=U.S.Department_of_Agriculture" title="U.S. Department of Agriculture">U.S. Department of Agriculture</a>, Agricultural Marketing Service, Release No. 177-08, September 2008</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-11" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.whymilk.com" class="external text" title="http://www.whymilk.com" rel="nofollow">Drink Well, Live Well</a>, Whymilk.com, 2009</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-12" title="">↑</a> Michele Simon <a href="http://www.appetiteforprofit.com/docs/dairy_industry_propaganda.html" class="external text" title="http://www.appetiteforprofit.com/docs/dairy_industry_propaganda.html" rel="nofollow">Dairy Industry Propaganda: Tale of Two Mega-Campaigns</a>, Vegan.com, April 1999</li>

<li id="cite_note-13"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-13" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.rense.com/health/rgbh.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.rense.com/health/rgbh.htm" rel="nofollow">Sightings: Reporters Fired For Telling The Truth About RGBH Milk Hormone</a>, Rachel's Environment & Health Weekly/Rense, April 1998</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-14" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.foxbghsuit.com/" class="external text" title="http://www.foxbghsuit.com/" rel="nofollow">Jury Overturned Verdict on Legal Technicality</a>, BGH Bulletin, accessed January 2011</li>

<li id="cite_note-15"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-15" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.forbes.com/lists/2005/54/TPWV.html" class="external text" title="http://www.forbes.com/lists/2005/54/TPWV.html" rel="nofollow">Donald John Tyson</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Forbes" title="Forbes" class="mw-redirect">Forbes</a>, 400 Richest Americans, accessed February 2009</li>

<li id="cite_note-16"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-16" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.ufcw.org/press_room/fact_sheets_and_backgrounder/factsontysons.cfm" class="external text" title="http://www.ufcw.org/press_room/fact_sheets_and_backgrounder/factsontysons.cfm" rel="nofollow">Tyson Foods: Overview</a>, United Food & Commercial Workers Union, accessed May 2009</li>

<li id="cite_note-17"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-17" title="">↑</a> Merritt Clifton <a href="http://www.animalpeoplenews.org/07/3/smithfieldcratephaseout3_07.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.animalpeoplenews.org/07/3/smithfieldcratephaseout3_07.htm" rel="nofollow">Smithfield & Maple Leaf Farms will phase out gestation crates</a>, Animal People News, March 2007</li>

<li id="cite_note-18"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-18" title="">↑</a> Steve Hannaford <a href="http://www.oligopolywatch.com/2004/01/18.html" class="external text" title="http://www.oligopolywatch.com/2004/01/18.html" rel="nofollow">Oligopoly Brief: Cargill</a>, Oligopoly Watch, updated September 2007</li>

<li id="cite_note-19"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-19" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.willmarpoultry.com/" class="external text" title="http://www.willmarpoultry.com/" rel="nofollow">Welcome to Willmar Poultry</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Willmar_Poultry_Company" title="Willmar Poultry Company">Willmar Poultry Company</a>, accessed December 2010</li>

<li id="cite_note-20"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-20" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://calmainefoods.com/about/index.html" class="external text" title="http://calmainefoods.com/about/index.html" rel="nofollow">About Cal-Maine Foods</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Cal-Maine_Foods" title="Cal-Maine Foods">Cal-Maine Foods</a>, accessed December 2010</li>

<li id="cite_note-21"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-21" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.company-analytics.org/company/nestle/" class="external text" title="http://www.company-analytics.org/company/nestle/" rel="nofollow">Nestlé SA</a>, Company analytics, 2009</li>

<li id="cite_note-22"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-22" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.familyfarmdefenders.org/pmwiki.php/Main/KnowYourDairyGiants-DeanFoods" class="external text" title="http://www.familyfarmdefenders.org/pmwiki.php/Main/KnowYourDairyGiants-DeanFoods" rel="nofollow">Know Your Dairy Giants: Dean Foods</a>, Family Farm Defenders, March 2005</li>

<li id="cite_note-23"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-23" title="">↑</a> John Robbins <a href="http://www.celsias.com/article/old-mcdonald-had-a-factory/" class="external text" title="http://www.celsias.com/article/old-mcdonald-had-a-factory/" rel="nofollow">Old McDonald Had a Factory: Did Somebody Say McLibel?</a>, Celsias.com, October 2007</li>

<li id="cite_note-24"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-24" title="">↑</a> John Robbins <a href="http://www.celsias.com/article/old-mcdonald-had-a-factory/" class="external text" title="http://www.celsias.com/article/old-mcdonald-had-a-factory/" rel="nofollow">Old McDonald had a Factory</a>, Celsias.com, accessed February 2009</li>

<li id="cite_note-25"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-25" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.sustainabletable.org/issues/airpollution/#fn20" class="external text" title="http://www.sustainabletable.org/issues/airpollution/#fn20" rel="nofollow">Effects on Workers</a>, Sustainable Table, accessed April 2010</li>

<li id="cite_note-26"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-26" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.sustainabletable.org/issues/airpollution/#fn20" class="external text" title="http://www.sustainabletable.org/issues/airpollution/#fn20" rel="nofollow">Effects on Communities</a>, Sustainable Table, accessed April 2010</li>

<li id="cite_note-27"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-27" title="">↑</a> Lynn Truong <a href="http://www.wisebread.com/the-cost-of-meat-the-public-health-argument" class="external text" title="http://www.wisebread.com/the-cost-of-meat-the-public-health-argument" rel="nofollow">The Cost of Meat—The Public Health Argument</a>, Wisebread, May 2007</li>

<li id="cite_note-28"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-28" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.spcnetwork.com/mii/1999/991147.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.spcnetwork.com/mii/1999/991147.htm" rel="nofollow">991147 Deadly E. Coli Bug May Affect Half of Cattle</a>, Meat Industry Internet News, November 1999</li>

<li id="cite_note-29"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-29" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.consumersunion.org/food/chickbacny698.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.consumersunion.org/food/chickbacny698.htm" rel="nofollow">Consumer Reports Finds 71 Percent of Store-Bought Chicken Contains Harmful Bacteria</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Consumer_Reports" title="Consumer Reports">Consumer Reports</a>, February 1998</li>

<li id="cite_note-30"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-30" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://cspinet.org/new/safefood/turkey_11_19_98.htmHow" class="external text" title="http://cspinet.org/new/safefood/turkey_11_19_98.htmHow" rel="nofollow">Hazardous Is Your Turkey</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Center_for_Science_in_the_Public_Interest" title="Center for Science in the Public Interest">Center for Science in the Public Interest</a>, November 1998</li>

<li id="cite_note-31"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-31" title="">↑</a> Lynn Truong <a href="http://www.wisebread.com/the-cost-of-meat-the-public-health-argument" class="external text" title="http://www.wisebread.com/the-cost-of-meat-the-public-health-argument" rel="nofollow">The Cost of Meat—The Public Health Argument</a>, Wisebread, May 2007</li>

<li id="cite_note-32"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-32" title="">↑</a> Denise Grady <a href="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9507E0D7153AF93BA35752C0A9679C8B63" class="external text" title="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9507E0D7153AF93BA35752C0A9679C8B63" rel="nofollow">Scientists See Higher Use Of Antibiotics on Farms</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=New_York_Times" title="New York Times">New York Times</a>, January 2001</li>

<li id="cite_note-33"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-33" title="">↑</a> Brian Colleran <a href="http://www.emagazine.com/view/?4266" class="external text" title="http://www.emagazine.com/view/?4266" rel="nofollow">Think Before You Eat The Widespread Effects of Factory-Farmed Meat</a>, e-magazine.com, accessed January 2009</li>

<li id="cite_note-34"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-34" title="">↑</a> Fact Sheet, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=National_Cattlemen%27s_Beef_Association" title="National Cattlemen's Beef Association">National Cattlemen's Beef Association</a>, June 1998</li>

<li id="cite_note-35"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-35" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.sustainabletable.org/issues/rbgh/#rf1" class="external text" title="http://www.sustainabletable.org/issues/rbgh/#rf1" rel="nofollow">What Is rBGH & rBST?</a>, Sustainable Table, accessed January 2009</li>

<li id="cite_note-36"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-36" title="">↑</a> Dave Rietz <a href="http://www.rense.com/general26/milk.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.rense.com/general26/milk.htm" rel="nofollow">Dangers of Milk and Dairy Products: The Facts</a>, Rense.com, July 2002</li>

<li id="cite_note-37"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-37" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/rbgh2.cfm" class="external text" title="http://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/rbgh2.cfm" rel="nofollow">rBGH/rBST</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Center_for_Food_Safety" title="Center for Food Safety">Center for Food Safety</a>, accessed January 2009</li>

<li id="cite_note-38"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-38" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.veganoutreach.org/dairycows.html" class="external text" title="http://www.veganoutreach.org/dairycows.html" rel="nofollow">How does drinking milk hurt cows?</a>, Veganoutreach, accessed January 2009</li>

<li id="cite_note-39"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-39" title="">↑</a> Dr. Michael Hanson <a href="http://www.organicconsumers.org/rbgh/0724_monsanto_rbgh.cfm" class="external text" title="http://www.organicconsumers.org/rbgh/0724_monsanto_rbgh.cfm" rel="nofollow">rBGH & Monsanto's Recent IntimidationTactics</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Organic_Consumers_Association" title="Organic Consumers Association">Organic Consumers Association</a>, February 2003</li>

<li id="cite_note-40"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-40" title="">↑</a> Peter Montague <a href="http://www.organicconsumers.org/Monsanto/rach666.cfm" class="external text" title="http://www.organicconsumers.org/Monsanto/rach666.cfm" rel="nofollow">The Bad Seed</a>, Rachel's Environment & Health Weekly, #666, September 1999</li>

<li id="cite_note-41"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-41" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://europa.eu.int/comm/dg24/health/sc/scv/out21_en.html" class="external text" title="http://europa.eu.int/comm/dg24/health/sc/scv/out21_en.html" rel="nofollow">Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Veterinary Measures Relating to Public Health; Assessment of Potential Risks to Human Health from Hormone Residues in Bovine Meat and Meat Products</a>, European Commission, April 1999</li>

<li id="cite_note-42"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-42" title="">↑</a> Michael Balter <a href="http://intl.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/284/5419/1453" class="external text" title="http://intl.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/284/5419/1453" rel="nofollow">Scientific Cross-Claims Fly in Continuing Beef War</a>, Science, May 1999, Vol 284, pgs. 1453-1455</li>

<li id="cite_note-43"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-43" title="">↑</a> Lynn Truong <a href="http://www.wisebread.com/the-cost-of-meat-the-public-health-argument" class="external text" title="http://www.wisebread.com/the-cost-of-meat-the-public-health-argument" rel="nofollow">The Cost of Meat—The Public Health Argument</a>, Wisebread, May 2007</li>

<li id="cite_note-44"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-44" title="">↑</a> Michael Satchell, Stephen J. Hedges and Linda Kulman <a href="http://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/articles/970901/archive_007713_2.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/articles/970901/archive_007713_2.htm" rel="nofollow">The Next Bad Beef Scandal?</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=U.S.News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report" class="mw-redirect">U.S. News & World Report</a>, August 1997</li>

<li id="cite_note-45"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-45" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d02183.pdf" class="external text" title="http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d02183.pdf" rel="nofollow">Mad Cow Disease: Improvements in the Animal Feed Ban and Other Regulatory Areas Would Strengthen U.S. Prevention Efforts.</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=U.S.General_Accounting_Office" title="U.S. General Accounting Office" class="mw-redirect">U.S. General Accounting Office</a> Congressional Report, January 2002</li>

<li id="cite_note-46"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-46" title="">↑</a> Michael Greger, M.D. <a href="http://www.organicconsumers.org/madcow/Greger122403.cfm" class="external text" title="http://www.organicconsumers.org/madcow/Greger122403.cfm" rel="nofollow">USDA Misleading American Public about Beef Safety</a>, Organic Consumers Association, December 2003</li>

<li id="cite_note-47"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-47" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/prevguid/m0040791/m0040791.asp" class="external text" title="http://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/prevguid/m0040791/m0040791.asp" rel="nofollow">Consultation on Public Health Issues Related to Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy and the Emergence of a New Variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a>, MMWR 45 (14); 295-6, 303, April 1996</li>

<li id="cite_note-48"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-48" title="">↑</a> Michael Greger, M.D. <a href="http://www.organicconsumers.org/madcow/GregerBSE.cfm" class="external text" title="http://www.organicconsumers.org/madcow/GregerBSE.cfm" rel="nofollow">U.S. Violates World Health Organization Guidelines for Mad Cow Disease: A Comparison of North American and European Safeguards</a>, Organic Consumers Association, June 2003</li>

<li id="cite_note-49"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-49" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.voanews.com/english/archive/2003-12/a-2003-12-24-17-US.cfm" class="external text" title="http://www.voanews.com/english/archive/2003-12/a-2003-12-24-17-US.cfm" rel="nofollow">US Confident Food Supply Safe Following Mad Cow Announcement</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Voice_of_America" title="Voice of America">Voice of America</a>, December 2003</li>

<li id="cite_note-50"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-50" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d02183.pdf" class="external text" title="http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d02183.pdf" rel="nofollow">Mad Cow Disease: Improvements in the Animal Feed Ban and Other Regulatory Areas Would Strengthen U.S. Prevention Efforts, GAO-02-183</a>, GAO, Report to Congressional Requesters January 2002</li>

<li id="cite_note-51"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-51" title="">↑</a> , Health and Consumer Groups Urge USDA to Keep Cattle Spinal Cord Tissue Out of Processed Meat, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Center_for_Science_in_the_Public_Interest" title="Center for Science in the Public Interest">Center for Science in the Public Interest</a>, August 2001</li>

<li id="cite_note-52"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-52" title="">↑</a> USDA Begins Sampling Program for Advanced Meat Recovery Systems, USDA, Food Safety and Inspection Service, News Release, March 2002</li>

<li id="cite_note-53"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-53" title="">↑</a> Michael Greger, M.D. <a href="http://www.organicconsumers.org/madcow/Greger122403.cfm" class="external text" title="http://www.organicconsumers.org/madcow/Greger122403.cfm" rel="nofollow">USDA Misleading American Public about Beef Safety</a>, Organic Consumers Association, December 2003</li>

<li id="cite_note-54"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-54" title="">↑</a> Haider Rizvi <a href="http://us.oneworld.net/node/146498" class="external text" title="http://us.oneworld.net/node/146498" rel="nofollow">Factory Farms Fueling Avian Flu, Say Researchers, United Nations</a>, One World US, February 2007</li>

<li id="cite_note-55"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-55" title="">↑</a> John Robbins <a href="http://www.foodrevolution.org/askjohn/48.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.foodrevolution.org/askjohn/48.htm" rel="nofollow">Ask John</a>, The Food Revolution, 2001, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Special:BookSources/1573247022" class="internal">ISBN 1573247022</a></li>

<li id="cite_note-56"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-56" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Eli_Lilly" title="Eli Lilly">Eli Lilly</a> & Flanco Products Co., reported in The Dangers of Factory Farming, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Humane_Farming_Association" title="Humane Farming Association">Humane Farming Association</a>, 02.06.27:14 & 02.06.27:15</li>

<li id="cite_note-57"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-57" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.fao.org/newsroom/en/news/2006/1000448/index.html" class="external text" title="http://www.fao.org/newsroom/en/news/2006/1000448/index.html" rel="nofollow">Livestock a major threat to environment: Remedies urgently needed</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>, FAO Newsroom, Rome, November 2006.</li>

<li id="cite_note-58"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-58" title="">↑</a> Robert Goodland, Jeff Anhang <a href="http://www.worldwatch.org/node/6294" class="external text" title="http://www.worldwatch.org/node/6294" rel="nofollow">Live Stock and Climate Change: What if the key actors in climate change are...cows, pigs, and chickens?</a>, World Watch Magazine, November/December 2009</li>

<li id="cite_note-59"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-59" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.saveantibiotics.org/ourwork.html" class="external text" title="http://www.saveantibiotics.org/ourwork.html" rel="nofollow">Industrial Farming & Human Health</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Pew_Charitable_Trust" title="Pew Charitable Trust" class="mw-redirect">Pew Charitable Trust</a>, 2008</li>

<li id="cite_note-60"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-60" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.cspinet.org/EatingGreen/" class="external text" title="http://www.cspinet.org/EatingGreen/" rel="nofollow">Six Arguments for a Greener Diet</a>, Eating Green, CSPI, August 2006</li>

<li id="cite_note-61"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-61" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.sierraclub.org/pressroom/cafo_papers/" class="external text" title="http://www.sierraclub.org/pressroom/cafo_papers/" rel="nofollow">The CAFO Papers: Animal Factories Using Closed-Door Meetings with Bush Administration to Evade Environmental Laws</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Sierra_Club" title="Sierra Club">Sierra Club</a>, Press Room, pg 1-2, May - October 2003</li>

<li id="cite_note-62"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-62" title="">↑</a> Sandra Steingraber <a href="http://www.breastcancerfund.org/site/pp.asp?c=kwKXLdPaE&b=3266509" class="external text" title="http://www.breastcancerfund.org/site/pp.asp?c=kwKXLdPaE&b=3266509" rel="nofollow">Girl, You'll Be a Woman Too Soon: Ecologist Sandra Steingraber explores the eco-causes of early puberty</a>, Breast Cancer Fund, 2007</li>

<li id="cite_note-63"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-63" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.ucsusa.org/food_and_agriculture/science_and_impacts/impacts_industrial_agriculture/hogging-it-estimates-of.html" class="external text" title="http://www.ucsusa.org/food_and_agriculture/science_and_impacts/impacts_industrial_agriculture/hogging-it-estimates-of.html" rel="nofollow">Hogging It!: Estimates of Antimicrobial Abuse in Livestock</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Union_of_Concerned_Scientists" title="Union of Concerned Scientists">Union of Concerned Scientists</a>, Food & Agriculture, January 2001</li>

<li id="cite_note-64"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-64" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.humanesociety.org/issues/confinement_farm/facts/salmonella.html" class="external text" title="http://www.humanesociety.org/issues/confinement_farm/facts/salmonella.html" rel="nofollow">Cage Confinement of Laying Hens Increases Salmonella Risk: The thirteen studies published in the last five years comparing Salmonella rates in cage and cage-free egg facilities</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Humane_Society_of_the_United_States" title="Humane Society of the United States">Humane Society of the United States</a>, November 2010</li>

<li id="cite_note-65"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-65" title="">↑</a> Paul Shapiro, Don McCorkell <a href="http://www.humanesociety.org/news/news/2009/08/river_of_waste_081109.html" class="external text" title="http://www.humanesociety.org/news/news/2009/08/river_of_waste_081109.html" rel="nofollow">A River of Waste: Exposing the hazards of industrial animal agribusiness</a>, HSUS, August 2009</li>

<li id="cite_note-66"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-66" title="">↑</a> <a href="http://www.onegreenplanet.org/animalsandnature/facts-on-animal-farming-and-the-environment/" class="external text" title="http://www.onegreenplanet.org/animalsandnature/facts-on-animal-farming-and-the-environment/" rel="nofollow">Facts on Animal Farming and the Environment</a>, onegreenplanet.org, November 21, 2010</li>

<li id="cite_note-67"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Meat_%26_Dairy_industry#cite_ref-67" title="">↑</a> Michele Simon <a href="http://www.appetiteforprofit.com/docs/politics_of_meat_and_dairy_article.html" class="external text" title="http://www.appetiteforprofit.com/docs/politics_of_meat_and_dairy_article.html" rel="nofollow">The Politics of Meat and Dairy: How Big Business Influences Government Policy and Our Food Choices</a>, Earthsave News, Fall 1998</li>

</ol>

</div>

<h3 style="">External articles</h3>

<li>Mark Bittman <a href="http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/07/05/banned-from-the-barn/?ref=markbittman" class="external text" title="http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/07/05/banned-from-the-barn/?ref=markbittman" rel="nofollow">Banned from the Barn</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=New_York_Times" title="New York Times">New York Times</a>, July 2011</li>

<li><a href="http://www.nader.org/index.php?/archives/487-Factory-Farm-Mergers.html" class="external text" title="http://www.nader.org/index.php?/archives/487-Factory-Farm-Mergers.html" rel="nofollow">Factory Farm Mergers</a>, Nader.org, December 2000</li>

</ul>

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